taxonomy.txtree

Papilionoidea Latreille, 1802 [superfamily]
  Papilionidae Latreille, 1802 [family]
    Papilioninae [subfamily]
      Iphiclides podalirius (Linnaeus, 1758)
        $=Papilio podalirius Linnaeus, 1758
      Iphiclides feisthamelii (Duponchel, 1832)
        $=Papilio feisthamelii Duponchel, 1832 {REMARKS=1}
      Papilio alexanor Esper, 1800
      Papilio machaon Linnaeus, 1758
      Papilio hospiton Gené, 1839 {REMARKS=2}
    Parnassiinae [subfamily]
      Parnassius mnemosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio mnemosyne Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Parnassius phoebus (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Papilio phoebus Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Parnassius apollo (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio apollo Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Archon apollinus (Herbst, 1798) [species]
        $=Papilio apollinus Herbst, 1798 [species]
      Zerynthia cerisy (Godart, 1824) [species]
        $=Thais cerisy Godart, 1824 [species]
      Zerynthia cretica (Rebel, 1904) [species]
        $=Thais cerisyi cretica Rebel, 1904 [species]
      Zerynthia caucasica (Lederer, 1864) [species]
        $=Thais cerisyi caucasica Lederer, 1864 [species]
      Zerynthia rumina (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio rumina Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Zerynthia polyxena (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio polyxena Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Zerynthia cassandra (Geyer, 1828) [species] {REMARKS=3}
        $=Papilio cassandra Geyer, 1828 [species]
  Hedylidae Guenée, 1858 [family]
  Hesperiidae Latreille, 1809 [family]
    Heteropterinae [subfamily]
      Heteropterus morpheus (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio morpheus Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Carterocephalus silvicola (Meigen, 1829) [species]
        $=Hesperia silvicola Meigen, 1829 [species]
      Carterocephalus palaemon (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio palaemon
    Hesperiinae [subfamily]
      Pelopidas thrax (Hübner, 1821) [species]
        $=Gegenes thrax Hübner, 1821 [species]
      Borbo borbonica (Boisduval, 1833) [species]
        $=Hesperia borbonica Boisduval, 1833 [species]
      Gegenes pumilio (Hoffmansegg, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio pumilio Hoffmansegg, 1804 [species]
      Gegenes nostrodamus (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Hesperia nostrodamus Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Ochlodes sylvanus (Esper, 1777) [species]
        $=Papilio sylvanus Esper, 1777 [species]
      Hesperia comma (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio comma Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Thymelicus christi Rebel, 1894 [species]
      Thymelicus acteon (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio acteon Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Thymelicus hyrax (Lederer, 1861) [species]
        $=Hesperia hyrax Lederer, 1861 [species]
      Thymelicus sylvestris (Poda, 1761) [species]
        $=Papilio sylvestris Poda, 1761 [species]
      Thymelicus lineola (Ochsenheimer, 1808) [species]
        $=Papilio lineola
    Pyrginae [subfamily]
      Spialia phlomidis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1845) [species]
        $=Hesperia phlomidis Herrich-Schäffer, 1845 [species]
      Spialia sertorius (Hoffmansegg, 1804) [species]
        $=Hesperia sertorius Hoffmansegg, 1804 [species]
      Spialia therapne (Rambur, 1832) [species]
        $=Hesperia therapne Rambur, 1832 [species]
      Spialia rosae Hernández-Roldán, Dapporto, Dincă, Vicente & Vila, 2016 [species] {REMARKS=4}
      Spialia orbifer (Hübner, 1823) [species]
        $=Papilio orbifer Hübner, 1823 [species]
      Carcharodus tripolinus (Verity, 1925) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Erynnis alceae tripolina Verity, 1925 [species]
      Carcharodus alceae (Esper, 1780) [species]
        $=Papilio alceae Esper, 1780 [species]
      Muschampia cribrellum (Eversmann, 1841) [species]
        $=Hesperia cribrellum Eversmann, 1841 [species]
      Muschampia tessellum (Hübner, 1803) [species]
        $=Papilio tessellum Hübner, 1803 [species]
      Muschampia proto (Ochsenheimer, 1808) [species]
        $=Papilio proto Ochsenheimer, 1808 [species]
      Carcharodus lavatherae (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio lavatherae Esper, 1783 [species]
      Carcharodus orientalis Reverdin, 1913 [species]
      Carcharodus floccifera (Zeller, 1847) [species]
        $=Hesperia floccifera Zeller, 1847 [species]
      Carcharodus stauderi Reverdin, 1913 [species]
      Carcharodus baeticus (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Spilothyrus baeticus Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Erynnis tages (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio tages Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Erynnis marloyi (Boisduval, 1834) [species]
        $=Thanaos marloyi Boisduval, 1834 [species]
      Pyrgus malvoides (Elwes & Edwards, 1897) [species]
        $=Hesperia malvoides Elwes & Edwards, 1897 [species]
      Pyrgus malvae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio malvae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pyrgus carthami (Hübner, 1813) [species]
        $=Papilio carthami Hübner, 1813 [species]
      Pyrgus sidae (Esper, 1784) [species]
        $=Papilio sidae Esper, 1784 [species]
      Pyrgus centaureae (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia centaureae Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus cacaliae (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia cacaliae Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus andromedae (Wallengren, 1853) [species]
        $=Syrichtus andromedae Wallengren, 1853 [species]
      Pyrgus serratulae (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia serratulae Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus armoricanus (Oberthür, 1910) [species]
        $=Syrichthus armoricanus Oberthür, 1910 [species]
      Pyrgus alveus (Hübner, 1803) [species]
        $=Papilio alveus Hübner, 1803 [species]
      Pyrgus warrenensis (Verity, 1928) [species]
        $=Hesperia warrenensis Verity, 1928 [species]
      Pyrgus foulquieri (Oberthür, 1910) [species] {REMARKS=6}
        $=Syrichthus alveus foulquieri Oberthür, 1910 [species]
      Pyrgus onopordi (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia onopordi Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus carlinae (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia carlinae Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus cirsii (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia cirsii Rambur, 1839 [species]
      Pyrgus cinarae (Rambur, 1839) [species]
        $=Hesperia cinarae
  Pieridae Swainson, 1820 [family]
    Dismorphiinae [subfamily]
      Leptidea duponcheli (Staudinger, 1871) [species]
        $=Leucophasia duponcheli Staudinger, 1871 [species]
      Leptidea morsei (Fenton, 1882) [species]
        $=Leptosia morsei Fenton, 1882 [species]
      Leptidea juvernica Williams, 1946 [species] {REMARKS=7}
      Leptidea sinapis (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio sinapis Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Leptidea reali Reissinger, 1990 [species]
    Coliadinae [subfamily]
      Gonepteryx rhamni (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio rhamni Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Gonepteryx cleobule (Hübner, 1831) [species] {REMARKS=8}
        $=Anteos cleobule Hübner, 1831 [species]
      Gonepteryx cleopatra (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio cleopatra Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Gonepteryx maderensis C. Felder, 1862 [species]
      Gonepteryx farinosa (Zeller, 1847) [species]
        $=Rhodocera farinosa Zeller, 1847 [species]
      Catopsilia florella (Fabricius, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio florella Fabricius, 1775 [species]
      Colias hyale (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio hyale Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Colias alfacariensis Ribbe, 1905 [species]
      Colias phicomone (Esper, 1780) [species]
        $=Papilio phicomone Esper, 1780 [species]
      Colias aurorina Herrich-Schäffer, 1850 [species]
      Colias chrysotheme (Esper, 1781) [species]
        $=Papilio chrysotheme Esper, 1781 [species]
      Colias erate (Esper, 1805) [species]
        $=Papilio erate Esper, 1805 [species]
      Colias crocea (Geoffroy, 1785) [species] {REMARKS=5,9}
        $=Papilio croceus Geoffroy, 1785 [species]
      Colias myrmidone (Esper, 1781) [species]
        $=Papilio myrmidone Esper, 1781 [species]
      Colias caucasica Staudinger, 1871 [species]
      Colias palaeno (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio palaeno Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Colias tyche (Böber, 1812) [species]
        $=Papilio tyche Böber, 1812 [species]
      Colias hecla Lefèbvre, 1836 [species]
    Pierinae [subfamily]
      Colotis evagore (Klug, 1829) [species]
        $=Pontia evagore Klug, 1829 [species]
      Aporia crataegi (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio crataegi Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pontia chloridice (Hübner, 1813) [species]
        $=Papilio chloridice Hübner, 1813 [species]
      Pontia callidice (Hübner, 1800) [species]
        $=Papilio callidice Hübner, 1800 [species]
      Pontia edusa (Fabricius, 1777) [species]
        $=Papilio edusa Fabricius, 1777 [species]
      Pontia daplidice (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio daplidice Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pieris krueperi Staudinger, 1860 [species]
      Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio brassicae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pieris wollastoni (Butler, 1886) [species]
        $=Ganoris wollastoni Butler, 1886 [species]
      Pieris cheiranthi (Hübner, 1808) [species]
        $=Papilio cheiranthi Hübner, 1808 [species]
      Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio rapae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pieris mannii (Mayer, 1851) [species]
        $=Pontia mannii Mayer, 1851 [species]
      Pieris ergane (Geyer, 1828) [species]
        $=Papilio ergane Geyer, 1828 [species]
      Pieris bryoniae (Hübner, 1806) [species]
        $=Papilio bryoniae Hübner, 1806 [species]
      Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio napi Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pieris balcana Lorković, 1969 [species] {REMARKS=11}
      Euchloe tagis (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio tagis Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Euchloe eversi Stamm, 1963 [species]
      Euchloe grancanariensis Acosta, 2008 [species]
      Euchloe hesperidum Rothschild, 1913 [species]
      Euchloe belemia (Esper, 1800) [species]
        $=Papilio belemia Esper, 1800 [species]
      Euchloe insularis (Staudinger, 1861) [species]
        $=Anthocharis tagis insularis Staudinger, 1861 [species]
      Euchloe crameri Butler, 1869 [species]
      Euchloe simplonia (Freyer, 1829) [species]
        $=Pontia simplonia Freyer, 1829 [species]
      Euchloe ausonia (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio ausonia Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Euchloe charlonia (Donzel, 1842) [species]
        $=Anthocharis charlonia Donzel, 1842 [species]
      Euchloe penia (Freyer, 1851) [species]
        $=Pontia penia Freyer, 1851 [species]
      Euchloe bazae Fabiano, 1993 [species]
      Zegris pyrothoe (Eversmann, 1832) [species]
        $=Pontia pyrothoe Eversmann, 1832 [species]
      Zegris eupheme (Esper, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio eupheme Esper, 1804 [species]
      Anthocharis euphenoides Staudinger, 1869 [species]
      Anthocharis cardamines (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio cardamines Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Anthocharis gruneri Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 [species]
      Anthocharis damone Boisduval, 1836 [species]
  Riodinidae Grote, 1895 [family]
    Nemeobiinae [subfamily]
      Hamearis lucina (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio lucina
  Lycaenidae Leach, 1815 [family]
    Lycaeninae [subfamily]
      Lycaena dimorpha (Staudinger, 1881)";"Polyommatus dimorphus";"5, 12"
      Lycaena helle (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio helle Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Lycaena alciphron (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio alciphron Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Lycaena thetis Klug, 1834 [species]
      Lycaena thersamon (Esper, 1784) [species]
        $=Papilio thersamon Esper, 1784 [species]
      Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802) [species]
        $=Papilio dispar Haworth, 1802 [species]
      Lycaena hippothoe (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio hippothoe Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Lycaena candens (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844) [species]
        $=Polyommatus candens Herrich-Schäffer, 1844 [species]
      Lycaena ottomana (Lefèbvre, 1831)";"Polyommatus ottomanus";"5, 13"
      Lycaena bleusei (Oberthür, 1884) [species]
        $=Polyommatus xanthe f. bleusei Oberthür, 1884 [species]
      Lycaena phlaeas (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio phlaeas Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Lycaena virgaureae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio virgaureae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Lycaena tityrus (Poda, 1761) [species]
        $=Papilio tityrus
    Aphnaeinae [subfamily]
      Cigaritis acamas (Klug, 1834) [species] {REMARKS=14}
        $=Lycaena acamas Klug, 1834 [species]
    Theclinae [subfamily]
      Thecla betulae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio betulae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Favonius quercus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio quercus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Laeosopis roboris (Esper, 1793) [species] {REMARKS=15}
        $=Papilio roboris Esper, 1793 [species]
      Tomares ballus (Fabricius, 1787) [species]
        $=Papilio ballus Fabricius, 1787 [species]
      Tomares nogelii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) [species]
        $=Thecla nogelii Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 [species]
      Tomares callimachus (Eversmann, 1848) [species]
        $=Lycaena callimachus Eversmann, 1848 [species]
      Callophrys avis Chapman, 1909 [species]
      Callophrys suaveola (Staudinger, 1881) [species]
        $=Thecla suaveola Staudinger, 1881 [species]
      Callophrys rubi (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio rubi Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Callophrys chalybeitincta Sovinsky, 1905 [species]
      Neolycaena rhymnus (Eversmann, 1832) [species]
        $=Lycaena rhymnus Eversmann, 1832 [species]
      Satyrium pruni (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio pruni Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Satyrium ilicis (Esper, 1779) [species]
        $=Papilio ilicis Esper, 1779 [species]
      Satyrium esculi (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio esculi Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Satyrium ledereri (Boisduval, 1848) [species]
        $=Lycaena ledereri Boisduval, 1848 [species]
      Satyrium w-album (Knoch, 1782) [species]
        $=Papilio w-album Knoch, 1782 [species]
      Satyrium spini (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio spini Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Satyrium acaciae (Fabricius, 1787) [species]
        $=Papilio acaciae
    Polyommatinae [subfamily]
      Leptotes pirithous (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio pirithous Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Cyclyrius webbianus (Brullé, 1839) [species]
        $=Polyommatus webbianus Brullé, 1839 [species]
      Azanus ubaldus (Stoll, 1782) [species]
        $=Papilio ubaldus Stoll, 1782 [species]
      Azanus jesous (Guérin-Méneville, 1849) [species]
        $=Polyommatus jesous Guérin-Méneville, 1849 [species]
      Lampides boeticus (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio boeticus Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Cacyreus marshalli Butler, 1898 [species]
      Celastrina argiolus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio argiolus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Tarucus theophrastus (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Hesperia theophrastus Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Tarucus balkanicus (Freyer, 1844) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Lycaena balkanica Freyer, 1844 [species]
      Phengaris alcon (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio alcon Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Phengaris arion (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio arion Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Phengaris teleius (Bergsträsser, 1779) [species]
        $=Papilio teleius Bergsträsser, 1779 [species]
      Phengaris nausithous (Bergsträsser, 1779) [species]
        $=Papilio nausithous Bergsträsser, 1779 [species]
      Turanana taygetica (Rebel, 1902) [species]
        $=Lycaena panagaea taygetica Rebel, 1902 [species]
      Pseudophilotes bavius (Eversmann, 1832) [species]
        $=Lycaena bavius Eversmann, 1832 [species]
      Pseudophilotes barbagiae De Prins & van der Poorten, 1982 [species]
      Pseudophilotes abencerragus (Pierret, 1837) [species]
        $=Argus abencerragus Pierret, 1837 [species]
      Pseudophilotes panoptes (Hübner, 1813) [species]
        $=Papilio panoptes Hübner, 1813 [species]
      Pseudophilotes vicrama (Moore, 1865) [species]
        $=Polyommatus vicrama Moore, 1865 [species]
      Pseudophilotes baton (Bergsträsser, 1779) [species]
        $=Papilio baton Bergsträsser, 1779 [species]
      Scolitantides orion (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio orion Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Praephilotes anthracias (Christoph, 1877) [species]
        $=Lycaena anthracias Christoph, 1877 [species]
      Iolana iolas (Ochsenheimer, 1816) [species]
        $=Lycaena iolas Ochsenheimer, 1816 [species]
      Iolana debilitata (Schultz, 1905) [species] {REMARKS=16}
        $=Lycaena jolas var. debilitata Schultz, 1905 [species]
      Glaucopsyche melanops (Boisduval, 1828) [species]
        $=Polyommatus melanops Boisduval, 1828 [species]
      Glaucopsyche paphos Chapman, 1920 [species]
      Glaucopsyche alexis (Poda, 1761) [species]
        $=Papilio alexis Poda, 1761 [species]
      Zizeeria knysna (Trimen, 1862) [species]
        $=Lycaena knysna Trimen, 1862 [species]
      Zizeeria karsandra (Moore, 1865) [species]
        $=Polyommatus karsandra Moore, 1865 [species]
      Tongeia fischeri (Eversmann, 1843) [species]
        $=Lycaena fischeri Eversmann, 1843 [species]
      Cupido argiades (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio argiades Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Cupido decoloratus (Staudinger, 1886) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Lycaena argiades decolorata Staudinger, 1886 [species]
      Cupido alcetas (Hoffmansegg, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio alcetas Hoffmansegg, 1804 [species]
      Cupido osiris (Meigen, 1829) [species]
        $=Polyommatus osiris Meigen, 1829 [species]
      Cupido minimus (Fuessly, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio minimus Fuessly, 1775 [species]
      Cupido lorquinii (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850) [species] {REMARKS=17}
        $=Lycaena lorquinii Herrich-Schäffer, 1850 [species]
      Luthrodes galba (Lederer, 1855) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena galba Lederer, 1855 [species]
      Freyeria trochylus (Freyer, 1844) [species] {REMARKS=18},19
      Plebejus argus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio argus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Plebejus idas (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio idas Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Plebejus bellieri (Oberthür, 1910) [species]
        $=Lycaena bellieri Oberthür, 1910 [species]
      Plebejus argyrognomon (Bergsträsser, 1779) [species]
        $=Papilio argyrognomon Bergsträsser, 1779 [species]
      Agriades orbitulus (Prunner, 1798) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio orbitulus Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Agriades optilete (Knoch, 1781) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio optilete Knoch, 1781 [species]
      Agriades pyrenaicus (Boisduval, 1840)";"Lycaena orbitulus var. pyrenaica";"5, 18"
      Agriades dardanus (Freyer, 1843) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena dardanus Freyer, 1843 [species]
      Agriades zullichi Hemming, 1933 [species] {REMARKS=18}
      Agriades glandon (Prunner, 1798) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio glandon Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Agriades aquilo (Boisduval, 1832) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Argus aquilo Boisduval, 1832 [species]
      Plebejidea loewii (Zeller, 1847) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena loewii Zeller, 1847 [species]
      Eumedonia eumedon (Esper, 1780) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio eumedon Esper, 1780 [species]
      Kretania psylorita (Freyer, 1845) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena psylorita Freyer, 1845 [species]
      Kretania hesperica (Rambur, 1839)";"Polyommatus hespericus";"5, 18"
      Kretania eurypilus (Freyer, 1851) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena eurypilus Freyer, 1851 [species]
      Kretania trappi (Verity, 1927) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena trappi Verity, 1927 [species]
      Kretania sephirus (Frivaldszky, 1835) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena sephirus Frivaldszky, 1835 [species]
      Kretania pylaon (Fischer, 1832) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena pylaon Fischer, 1832 [species]
      Cyaniris semiargus (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio semiargus Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Glabroculus cyane (Eversmann, 1837) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena cyane Eversmann, 1837 [species]
      Aricia morronensis (Ribbe, 1910) [species]
        $=Lycaena idas morronensis Ribbe, 1910 [species]
      Aricia anteros (Freyer, 1838) [species]
        $=Lycaena anteros Freyer, 1838 [species]
      Aricia cramera (Eschscholtz, 1821) [species]
        $=Lycaena cramera Eschscholtz, 1821 [species]
      Aricia nicias (Meigen, 1829) [species] {REMARKS=20}
        $=Polyommatus nicias Meigen, 1829 [species]
      Aricia artaxerxes (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Hesperia artaxerxes Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Aricia montensis Verity, 1928 [species]
      Aricia agestis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio agestis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Neolysandra coelestina (Eversmann, 1843) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena coelestina Eversmann, 1843 [species]
      Lysandra hispana (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena coridon var. hispana Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 [species]
      Lysandra corydonius (Herrich-Schäffer, 1852) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena coridon corydonius Herrich-Schäffer, 1852 [species]
      Lysandra bellargus (Rottemburg, 1775) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio bellargus Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Lysandra coridon (Poda, 1761) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Papilio coridon Poda, 1761 [species]
      Lysandra caelestissima (Verity, 1921) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Agriades coridon caelestissima Verity, 1921 [species]
      Lysandra albicans (Gerhard, 1851) [species] {REMARKS=18}
        $=Lycaena coridon var. albicans Gerhard, 1851 [species]
      Polyommatus escheri (Hübner, 1823) [species]
        $=Papilio escheri Hübner, 1823 [species]
      Polyommatus thersites (Cantener, 1835) [species]
        $=Argus thersites Cantener, 1835 [species]
      Polyommatus daphnis (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio daphnis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Polyommatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) [species]
        $=Papilio amandus Schneider, 1792 [species]
      Polyommatus golgus (Hübner, 1813) [species]
        $=Papilio golgus Hübner, 1813 [species]
      Polyommatus nivescens (Keferstein, 1851) [species]
        $=Lycaena dorylas var. nivescens Keferstein, 1851 [species]
      Polyommatus dorylas (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio dorylas Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Polyommatus celina (Austaut, 1879) [species] {REMARKS=21}
        $=Lycaena celina Austaut, 1879 [species]
      Polyommatus icarus (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio icarus Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Polyommatus eros (Ochsenheimer, 1808) [species]
        $=Papilio eros Ochsenheimer, 1808 [species]
      Polyommatus damon (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio damon Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Polyommatus damone (Eversmann, 1841) [species]
        $=Lycaena damone Eversmann, 1841 [species]
      Polyommatus damocles (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844) [species]
        $=Lycaena damocles Herrich-Schäffer, 1844 [species]
      Polyommatus admetus (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio admetus Esper, 1783 [species]
      Polyommatus ripartii (Freyer, 1830) [species]
        $=Lycaena ripartii Freyer, 1830 [species]
      Polyommatus nephohiptamenos (Brown & Coutsis, 1978) [species]
        $=Agrodiaetus nephohiptamenos Brown & Coutsis, 1978 [species]
      Polyommatus iphigenia (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) [species]
        $=Lycaena iphigenia Herrich-Schäffer, 1847 [species]
      Polyommatus violetae (Gómez-Bustillo, Expósito & Martínez, 1979) [species]
        $=Agrodiaetus violetae Gómez-Bustillo, Expósito & Martínez, 1979 [species]
      Polyommatus fulgens (Sagarra, 1925) [species] {REMARKS=22}
        $=Hirsutina dolus r. fulgens Sagarra, 1925 [species]
      Polyommatus fabressei (Oberthür, 1910) [species]
        $=Lycaena rippertii r. fabressei Oberthür, 1910 [species]
      Polyommatus dolus (Hübner, 1823) [species]
        $=Papilio dolus Hübner, 1823 [species]
      Polyommatus humedasae (Toso & Balletto, 1976) [species]
        $=Agrodiaetus humedasae Toso & Balletto, 1976 [species]
      Polyommatus timfristos Lukhtanov, Vishnevskaya & Shapoval, 2016 [species] {REMARKS=23}
      Polyommatus orphicus Kolev, 2005 [species]
      Polyommatus aroaniensis (Brown, 1976) [species]
        $=Agrodiaetus alcestis aroaniensis
  Nymphalidae Rafinesque, 1815 [family]
    Limenitidinae [subfamily]
      Neptis sappho (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio sappho Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Neptis rivularis (Scopoli, 1763) [species]
        $=Papilio rivularis Scopoli, 1763 [species]
      Limenitis reducta Staudinger, 1901 [species]
      Limenitis populi (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio populi Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Limenitis camilla (Linnaeus, 1764) [species]
        $=Papilio camilla
    Heliconiinae [subfamily]
      Issoria lathonia (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio lathonia Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Issoria eugenia (Eversmann, 1847) [species]
        $=Argynnis eugenia Eversmann, 1847 [species]
      Brenthis hecate (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio hecate Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Brenthis ino (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio ino Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Brenthis daphne (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio daphne Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Argynnis paphia (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio paphia Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Argynnis pandora (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio pandora Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Argynnis laodice (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio laodice Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Speyeria aglaja (Linnaeus, 1758) [species] {REMARKS=24}
        $=Papilio aglaja Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Fabriciana elisa (Godart, 1823) [species] {REMARKS=24}
        $=Argynnis elisa Godart, 1823 [species]
      Fabriciana niobe (Linnaeus, 1758) [species] {REMARKS=24}
        $=Papilio niobe Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Fabriciana adippe (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species] {REMARKS=24}
        $=Papilio adippe Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Boloria eunomia (Esper, 1800) [species] {REMARKS=25}
        $=Papilio eunomia Esper, 1800 [species]
      Boloria graeca (Staudinger, 1870) [species]
        $=Argynnis pales graeca Staudinger, 1870 [species]
      Boloria pales (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio pales Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Boloria alaskensis (Holland, 1900) [species]
        $=Argynnis alaskensis Holland, 1900 [species]
      Boloria napaea (Hoffmansegg, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio napaea Hoffmansegg, 1804 [species]
      Boloria aquilonaris (Stichel, 1908) [species]
        $=Argynnis aquilonaris Stichel, 1908 [species]
      Boloria tritonia (Böber, 1812) [species]
        $=Papilio tritonia Böber, 1812 [species]
      Boloria polaris (Boisduval, 1828) [species]
        $=Argynnis polaris Boisduval, 1828 [species]
      Boloria thore (Hübner, 1804) [species] {REMARKS=26}
        $=Papilio thore Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Boloria selene (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio selene Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Boloria euphrosyne (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio euphrosyne Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Boloria dia (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio dia Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Boloria improba (Butler, 1877) [species]
        $=Argynnis improba Butler, 1877 [species]
      Boloria frigga (Thunberg, 1791) [species] {REMARKS=27}
        $=Papilio frigga Thunberg, 1791 [species]
      Boloria freija (Thunberg, 1791) [species] {REMARKS=27}
        $=Papilio freija Thunberg, 1791 [species]
      Boloria selenis (Eversmann, 1837) [species]
        $=Argynnis selenis Eversmann, 1837 [species]
      Boloria oscarus (Eversmann, 1844) [species]
        $=Argynnis oscarus Eversmann, 1844 [species]
      Boloria titania (Esper, 1793) [species]
        $=Papilio titania Esper, 1793 [species]
      Boloria chariclea (Schneider, 1794) [species]
        $=Papilio chariclea Schneider, 1794 [species]
      Boloria angarensis (Erschoff, 1870) [species]
        $=Argynnis angarensis
    Apaturinae [subfamily]
      Apatura iris (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio iris Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Apatura metis Freyer, 1829 [species]
      Apatura ilia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio ilia
    Nymphalinae [subfamily]
      Araschnia levana (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio levana Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Vanessa virginiensis (Drury, 1773) [species]
        $=Papilio cardui virginiensis Drury, 1773 [species]
      Vanessa cardui (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio cardui Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Vanessa vulcania Godart, 1819 [species]
      Vanessa atalanta (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio atalanta Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Aglais io (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio io Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Aglais urticae (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio urticae Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Aglais ichnusa (Hübner, 1824) [species] {REMARKS=28}
        $=Papilio ichnusa Hübner, 1824 [species]
      Polygonia egea (Cramer, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio egea Cramer, 1775 [species]
      Polygonia c-album (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio c-album Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Nymphalis vaualbum (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio vau album Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio polychloros Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Nymphalis xanthomelas (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio xanthomelas Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio antiopa Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Hypolimnas misippus (Linnaeus, 1764) [species]
        $=Papilio misippus Linnaeus, 1764 [species]
      Euphydryas desfontainii (Godart, 1819) [species]
        $=Papilio desfontainii Godart, 1819 [species]
      Euphydryas aurinia (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio aurinia Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Euphydryas cynthia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio cynthia Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Euphydryas iduna (Dalman, 1816) [species]
        $=Melitaea iduna Dalman, 1816 [species]
      Euphydryas maturna (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio maturna Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Euphydryas intermedia (Ménétriés, 1859) [species]
        $=Melitaea maturna intermedia Ménétriés, 1859 [species]
      Melitaea trivia (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio trivia Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Melitaea didyma (Esper, 1778) [species]
        $=Papilio didyma Esper, 1778 [species]
      Melitaea arduinna (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio arduinna Esper, 1783 [species]
      Melitaea aetherie (Hübner, 1826) [species]
        $=Papilio aetherie Hübner, 1826 [species]
      Melitaea phoebe (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio phoebe Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Melitaea ornata Christoph, 1893 [species] {REMARKS=29}
      Melitaea cinxia (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio cinxia Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Melitaea diamina (Lang, 1789) [species]
        $=Papilio diamina Lang, 1789 [species]
      Melitaea celadussa Fruhstorfer, 1910 [species] {REMARKS=30}
      Melitaea deione (Geyer, 1832) [species]
        $=Papilio deione Geyer, 1832 [species]
      Melitaea britomartis Assmann, 1847 [species]
      Melitaea athalia (Rottemburg, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio athalia Rottemburg, 1775 [species]
      Melitaea varia Herrich-Schäffer, 1851 [species] {REMARKS=31}
      Melitaea parthenoides Keferstein, 1851 [species]
      Melitaea aurelia Nickerl, 1850 [species]
      Melitaea asteria Freyer, 1828 [species]
      Libytheinae
      Libythea celtis (Laicharting, 1782) [species]
        $=Papilio celtis
    Danainae [subfamily]
      Danaus plexippus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio plexippus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Danaus chrysippus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio chrysippus
    Charaxinae [subfamily]
      Charaxes jasius (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio jasius
    Satyrinae [subfamily]
      Coenonympha phryne (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio phryne Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Coenonympha oedippus (Fabricius, 1787) [species]
        $=Papilio oedippus Fabricius, 1787 [species]
      Coenonympha dorus (Esper, 1782) [species]
        $=Papilio dorus Esper, 1782 [species]
      Coenonympha thyrsis (Freyer, 1845) [species]
        $=Hipparchia thyrsis Freyer, 1845 [species]
      Coenonympha pamphilus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio pamphilus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Coenonympha tullia (Müller, 1764) [species]
        $=Papilio tullia Müller, 1764 [species]
      Coenonympha rhodopensis Elwes, 1900 [species]
      Coenonympha amaryllis (Stoll, 1782) [species]
        $=Papilio amaryllis Stoll, 1782 [species]
      Coenonympha glycerion (Borkhausen, 1788) [species]
        $=Papilio glycerion Borkhausen, 1788 [species]
      Coenonympha corinna (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio corinna Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Coenonympha leander (Esper, 1784) [species]
        $=Papilio leander Esper, 1784 [species]
      Coenonympha hero (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio hero Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Coenonympha gardetta (Prunner, 1798) [species]
        $=Papilio gardetta Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Coenonympha orientalis Rebel, 1909";"Coenonympha arcania var. orientalis" {REMARKS=32}
      Coenonympha arcania (Linnaeus, 1760) [species] {REMARKS=10}
        $=Papilio arcania Linnaeus, 1760 [species]
      Kirinia roxelana (Cramer, 1777) [species]
        $=Papilio roxelana Cramer, 1777 [species]
      Kirinia climene (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio climene Esper, 1783 [species]
      Lopinga achine (Scopoli, 1763) [species]
        $=Papilio achine Scopoli, 1763 [species]
      Pararge xiphia (Fabricius, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio xiphia Fabricius, 1775 [species]
      Pararge xiphioides Staudinger, 1871 [species]
      Pararge aegeria (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio aegeria Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Lasiommata maera (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio maera Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Lasiommata deidamia (Eversmann, 1851) [species]
        $=Hipparchia deidamia Eversmann, 1851 [species]
      Lasiommata petropolitana (Fabricius, 1787) [species]
        $=Papilio maera petropolitana Fabricius, 1787 [species]
      Lasiommata paramegaera (Hübner, 1824) [species]
        $=Papilio paramegaera Hübner, 1824 [species]
      Lasiommata megera (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio megera Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Melanargia russiae (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio russiae Esper, 1783 [species]
      Melanargia larissa (Geyer, 1828) [species]
        $=Papilio larissa Geyer, 1828 [species]
      Melanargia lachesis (Hübner, 1790) [species]
        $=Papilio lachesis Hübner, 1790 [species]
      Melanargia galathea (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio galathea Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Melanargia ines (Hoffmansegg, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio ines Hoffmansegg, 1804 [species]
      Melanargia arge (Sulzer, 1776) [species]
        $=Papilio arge Sulzer, 1776 [species]
      Melanargia pherusa (Boisduval, 1833) [species]
        $=Arge pherusa Boisduval, 1833 [species]
      Melanargia occitanica (Esper, 1793) [species]
        $=Papilio arge occitanica Esper, 1793 [species]
      Hipparchia fatua Freyer, 1843 [species] {REMARKS=33}
      Hipparchia statilinus (Hufnagel, 1766) [species]
        $=Papilio statilinus Hufnagel, 1766 [species]
      Hipparchia tilosi Manil, 1984 [species]
      Hipparchia bacchus (Higgins, 1967) [species]
        $=Pseudotergumia wyssii bacchus Higgins, 1967 [species]
      Hipparchia wyssii (Christ, 1889) [species]
        $=Satyrus fidia wyssii Christ, 1889 [species]
      Hipparchia tamadabae Owen & Smith, 1992 [species]
      Hipparchia gomera (Higgins, 1967) [species]
        $=Pseudotergumia wyssii gomera Higgins, 1967 [species]
      Hipparchia fidia (Linnaeus, 1767) [species]
        $=Papilio fidia Linnaeus, 1767 [species]
      Hipparchia neomiris (Godart, 1823) [species] {REMARKS=34}
        $=Satyrus neomiris Godart, 1823 [species]
      Hipparchia autonoe (Esper, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio autonoe Esper, 1783 [species]
      Hipparchia hermione (Linnaeus, 1764) [species]
        $=Papilio hermione Linnaeus, 1764 [species]
      Hipparchia syriaca (Staudinger, 1871) [species]
        $=Satyrus hermione syriaca Staudinger, 1871 [species]
      Hipparchia fagi (Scopoli, 1763) [species]
        $=Papilio fagi Scopoli, 1763 [species]
      Hipparchia mersina (Staudinger, 1871) [species]
        $=Satyrus semele mersina Staudinger, 1871 [species]
      Hipparchia miguelensis (Le Cerf, 1935) [species]
        $=Satyrus azorinus miguelensis Le Cerf, 1935 [species]
      Hipparchia azorina (Strecker, 1899)";"Satyrus azorinus";"5, 35"
      Hipparchia senthes (Fruhstorfer, 1908) [species]
        $=Eumenis semele senthes Fruhstorfer, 1908 [species]
      Hipparchia maderensis (Bethune-Baker, 1891) [species]
        $=Satyrus semele maderensis Bethune-Baker, 1891 [species]
      Hipparchia semele (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio semele Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Hipparchia blachieri (Fruhstorfer, 1908) [species]
        $=Eumenis semele blachieri Fruhstorfer, 1908 [species]
      Hipparchia aristaeus (Bonelli, 1826) [species]
        $=Papilio aristaeus Bonelli, 1826 [species]
      Hipparchia volgensis (Mazokhin-Porshnyakov, 1952) [species]
        $=Satyrus semele volgensis Mazokhin-Porshnyakov, 1952 [species]
      Hipparchia neapolitana (Stauder, 1921) [species]
        $=Satyrus neapolitana Stauder, 1921 [species]
      Hipparchia leighebi Kudrna, 1976 [species]
      Hipparchia pellucida (Stauder, 1924) [species] {REMARKS=36}
        $=Satyrus semele pellucida Stauder, 1924 [species]
      Hipparchia sbordonii Kudrna, 1984 [species]
      Hipparchia cypriensis (Holik, 1949) [species]
        $=Satyrus semele cypriensis Holik, 1949 [species]
      Hipparchia cretica (Rebel, 1916) [species]
        $=Satyrus semele cretica Rebel, 1916 [species]
      Hipparchia christenseni Kudrna, 1977 [species]
      Minois dryas (Scopoli, 1763) [species]
        $=Papilio dryas Scopoli, 1763 [species]
      Brintesia circe (Fabricius, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio circe Fabricius, 1775 [species]
      Arethusana arethusa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio arethusa Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Oeneis tarpeia (Pallas, 1771) [species]
        $=Papilio tarpeia Pallas, 1771 [species]
      Oeneis bore (Schneider, 1792) [species]
        $=Papilio bore Schneider, 1792 [species]
      Oeneis ammon Elwes, 1899";"Oeneis bore var. ammon" {REMARKS=37}
      Oeneis melissa (Fabricius, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio melissa Fabricius, 1775 [species]
      Oeneis magna Graeser, 1888 [species]
      Oeneis jutta (Hübner, 1806) [species]
        $=Papilio jutta Hübner, 1806 [species]
      Oeneis norna (Thunberg, 1791) [species]
        $=Papilio norna Thunberg, 1791 [species]
      Oeneis polixenes (Fabricius, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio polixenes Fabricius, 1775 [species]
      Oeneis glacialis (Moll, 1785) [species] {REMARKS=38}
        $=Papilio glacialis Moll, 1785 [species]
      Satyrus ferula (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Papilio ferula Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Satyrus virbius Herrich-Schäffer, 1844 [species]
      Satyrus actaea (Esper, 1781) [species]
        $=Papilio actaea Esper, 1781 [species]
      Chazara briseis (Linnaeus, 1764) [species]
        $=Papilio briseis Linnaeus, 1764 [species]
      Chazara prieuri (Pierret, 1837) [species]
        $=Satyrus prieuri Pierret, 1837 [species]
      Chazara persephone (Hübner, 1805) [species]
        $=Papilio persephone Hübner, 1805 [species]
      Pseudochazara geyeri (Herrich-Schäffer, 1846) [species]
        $=Satyrus geyeri Herrich-Schäffer, 1846 [species]
      Pseudochazara graeca (Staudinger, 1870) [species]
        $=Satyrus pelopea graeca Staudinger, 1870 [species]
      Pseudochazara amymone Brown, 1976 [species]
      Pseudochazara anthelea (Hübner, 1824) [species]
        $=Papilio anthelea Hübner, 1824 [species]
      Pseudochazara amalthea (Frivaldszky, 1845) [species] {REMARKS=39}
        $=Hipparchia amalthea Frivaldszky, 1845 [species]
      Pseudochazara williamsi (Romei, 1927) [species]
        $=Satyrus hippolyte williamsi Romei, 1927 [species]
      Pseudochazara euxina (Kuznetsov, 1909) [species]
        $=Hipparchia euxina Kuznetsov, 1909 [species]
      Pseudochazara mercurius (Staudinger, 1887) [species] {REMARKS=40}
        $=Satyrus mercurius Staudinger, 1887 [species]
      Pseudochazara cingovskii (Gross, 1973) [species]
        $=Satyrus sintenisi cingovskii Gross, 1973 [species]
      Pseudochazara tisiphone Brown, 1981 [species] {REMARKS=39}
      Pseudochazara orestes De Prins & van der Poorten, 1981 [species]
      Ypthima asterope (Klug, 1832) [species]
        $=Hipparchia asterope Klug, 1832 [species]
      Proterebia phegea (Borkhausen, 1788) [species] {REMARKS=41}
        $=Papilio phegea Borkhausen, 1788 [species]
      Hyponephele huebneri Koçak, 1980 [species]
      Hyponephele lycaon (Kühn, 1774) [species]
        $=Papilio lycaon Kühn, 1774 [species]
      Hyponephele lupina (Costa, 1836) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Satyrus lupinus Costa, 1836 [species]
      Aphantopus hyperantus (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio hyperantus Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Pyronia cecilia (Vallantin, 1894) [species]
        $=Epinephele ida cecilia Vallantin, 1894 [species]
      Pyronia tithonus (Linnaeus, 1771) [species] {REMARKS=42}
        $=Papilio tithonus Linnaeus, 1771 [species]
      Pyronia bathseba (Fabricius, 1793) [species]
        $=Papilio bathseba Fabricius, 1793 [species]
      Maniola jurtina (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio jurtina Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Maniola nurag (Ghiliani, 1852) [species]
        $=Satyrus nurag Ghiliani, 1852 [species]
      Maniola chia Thomson, 1987 [species]
      Maniola megala (Oberthür, 1909) [species]
        $=Epinephele janira megala Oberthür, 1909 [species]
      Maniola cypricola (Graves, 1928) [species]
        $=Epinephele cypricola Graves, 1928 [species]
      Maniola telmessia (Zeller, 1847) [species]
        $=Hipparchia telmessia Zeller, 1847 [species]
      Maniola halicarnassus Thomson, 1990 [species]
      Erebia edda Ménétriés, 1851 [species]
      Erebia fasciata Butler, 1868 [species]
      Erebia discoidalis (Kirby, 1837) [species]
        $=Hipparchia discoidalis Kirby, 1837 [species]
      Erebia rossii (Curtis, 1835) [species] {REMARKS=43}
        $=Hipparchia rossii Curtis, 1835 [species]
      Erebia cyclopius (Eversmann, 1844) [species]
        $=Hipparchia cyclopius Eversmann, 1844 [species]
      Erebia embla (Thunberg, 1791) [species]
        $=Papilio embla Thunberg, 1791 [species]
      Erebia disa (Thunberg, 1791) [species]
        $=Papilio disa Thunberg, 1791 [species]
      Erebia meolans (Prunner, 1798) [species]
        $=Papilio meolans Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Erebia dabanensis Erschoff, 1872 [species] {REMARKS=44}
      Erebia jeniseiensis Trybom, 1877 [species]
      Erebia claudina (Borkhausen, 1789) [species]
        $=Papilio claudina Borkhausen, 1789 [species]
      Erebia manto (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio manto Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Erebia ottomana Herrich-Schäffer, 1847 [species]
      Erebia hispania Butler, 1868 [species]
      Erebia rondoui Oberthür, 1908 [species]
      Erebia callias Edwards, 1871 [species] {REMARKS=45}
      Erebia tyndarus (Esper, 1781) [species]
        $=Papilio tyndarus Esper, 1781 [species]
      Erebia cassioides (Hohenwarth, 1792) [species] {REMARKS=46}
        $=Papilio cassioides Hohenwarth, 1792 [species]
      Erebia nivalis Lorković & Lesse, 1954 [species]
      Erebia neleus (Freyer, 1832) [species] {REMARKS=47}
        $=Hipparchia neleus Freyer, 1832 [species]
      Erebia calcarius Lorković, 1953 [species]
      Erebia arvernensis Oberthür, 1908 [species] {REMARKS=47}
      Erebia oeme (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio oeme Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Erebia gorge (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio gorge Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Erebia sthennyo Graslin, 1850 [species]
      Erebia pandrose (Borkhausen, 1788) [species]
        $=Papilio pandrose Borkhausen, 1788 [species]
      Erebia eriphyle (Freyer, 1836) [species]
        $=Hipparchia eriphyle Freyer, 1836 [species]
      Erebia epistygne (Hübner, 1819) [species]
        $=Papilio epistygne Hübner, 1819 [species]
      Erebia euryale (Esper, 1805) [species]
        $=Papilio euryale Esper, 1805 [species]
      Erebia palarica Chapman, 1905 [species]
      Erebia ligea (Linnaeus, 1758) [species]
        $=Papilio ligea Linnaeus, 1758 [species]
      Erebia pluto (Prunner, 1798) [species]
        $=Papilio pluto Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Erebia aethiopellus (Hoffmansegg, 1806) [species]
        $=Papilio aethiopellus Hoffmansegg, 1806 [species]
      Erebia gorgone Boisduval, 1833 [species]
      Erebia rhodopensis Nicholl, 1900 [species]
      Erebia mnestra (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio mnestra Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Erebia albergana (Prunner, 1798) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Papilio alberganus Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Erebia sudetica Staudinger, 1861 [species]
      Erebia melampus (Fuessly, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio melampus Fuessly, 1775 [species]
      Erebia triarius (Prunner, 1798) [species]
        $=Papilio triarius Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Erebia polaris Staudinger, 1861";"Erebia medusa var. polaris" {REMARKS=48}
      Erebia medusa (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) [species]
        $=Papilio medusa Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775 [species]
      Erebia aethiops (Esper, 1777) [species]
        $=Papilio aethiops Esper, 1777 [species]
      Erebia pharte (Hübner, 1804) [species]
        $=Papilio pharte Hübner, 1804 [species]
      Erebia christi Rätzer, 1890 [species]
      Erebia orientalis Elwes, 1900 [species]
      Erebia epiphron (Knoch, 1783) [species]
        $=Papilio epiphron Knoch, 1783 [species]
      Erebia flavofasciata Heyne, 1895 [species]
      Erebia montana (Prunner, 1798) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Papilio montanus Prunner, 1798 [species]
      Erebia styx (Freyer, 1834) [species]
        $=Hipparchia styx Freyer, 1834 [species]
      Erebia stiria (Godart, 1824) [species] {REMARKS=5}
        $=Satyrus stirius Godart, 1824 [species]
      Erebia scipio Boisduval, 1833 [species] {REMARKS=49}
      Erebia pronoe (Esper, 1780) [species]
        $=Papilio pronoe Esper, 1780 [species]
      Erebia melas (Herbst, 1796) [species]
        $=Papilio melas Herbst, 1796 [species]
      Erebia lefebvrei (Boisduval, 1828) [species]
        $=Satyrus lefebvrei Boisduval, 1828 [species]
      Erebia zapateri Oberthür, 1875 [species]
      Erebia neoridas (Boisduval, 1828) [species]
        $=Satyrus neoridas
       Boisduval, 1828 [species]