diff --git a/CPAC/utils/build_data_config.py b/CPAC/utils/build_data_config.py
index 39f8c5c37..b1adfbf80 100644
--- a/CPAC/utils/build_data_config.py
+++ b/CPAC/utils/build_data_config.py
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ def get_file_list(
     base_directory, creds_path=None, write_txt=None, write_pkl=None, write_info=False
 ) -> LIST[PATHSTR]:
     """Return a list of input and data file paths.
-    
+
     These paths are either stored locally or on an AWS S3 bucket on the cloud.
     """
     import os
diff --git a/CPAC/utils/extract_data.py b/CPAC/utils/extract_data.py
index 6cfdcd7f8..f8050936e 100644
--- a/CPAC/utils/extract_data.py
+++ b/CPAC/utils/extract_data.py
@@ -454,8 +454,6 @@ def generate_supplementary_files(data_config_outdir, data_config_name):
     import csv
     import os
 
-    from sets import Set
-
     data_config_path = os.path.join(data_config_outdir, data_config_name)
 
     try:
@@ -465,11 +463,11 @@ def generate_supplementary_files(data_config_outdir, data_config_name):
             data_config_path
         )
 
-    subject_scan_set = Set()
-    subID_set = Set()
-    session_set = Set()
-    subject_set = Set()
-    scan_set = Set()
+    subject_scan_set = set()
+    subID_set = set()
+    session_set = set()
+    subject_set = set()
+    scan_set = set()
     data_list = []
 
     try:
diff --git a/CPAC/utils/extract_data_multiscan.py b/CPAC/utils/extract_data_multiscan.py
index dab674af6..87a0b46f5 100644
--- a/CPAC/utils/extract_data_multiscan.py
+++ b/CPAC/utils/extract_data_multiscan.py
@@ -403,15 +403,13 @@ def generate_suplimentary_files(output_path):
     """
     import csv
 
-    from sets import Set
-
     subjects_list = yaml.safe_load(
         open(os.path.join(output_path, "CPAC_subject_list.yml"), "r")
     )
 
-    subject_scan_set = Set()
-    subject_set = Set()
-    scan_set = Set()
+    subject_scan_set = set()
+    subject_set = set()
+    scan_set = set()
     data_list = []
 
     for sub in subjects_list:
diff --git a/CPAC/utils/extract_parameters.py b/CPAC/utils/extract_parameters.py
index 9b7843ce4..460c48de1 100644
--- a/CPAC/utils/extract_parameters.py
+++ b/CPAC/utils/extract_parameters.py
@@ -79,8 +79,6 @@ def grab(output_dir, scrubbing):
     import os
     import re
 
-    from sets import Set
-
     pipelines = glob.glob(os.path.join(output_dir, "pipeline*"))
 
     for p in pipelines:
@@ -102,8 +100,8 @@ def grab(output_dir, scrubbing):
             if val:
                 threshold_list.append(val.group(0))
 
-        scan_list = Set(scan_list)
-        threshold_list = Set(threshold_list)
+        scan_list = set(scan_list)
+        threshold_list = set(threshold_list)
 
         for scan in scan_list:
             for threshold in threshold_list: