[DOC] Restore algorithms comparison table

[azriel1rf]

Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.
It's currently difficult to quickly compare algorithm features when selecting appropriate methods. The algorithms' table from v0.3.0 was very helpful for this purpose, especially when looking for specific capabilities like overlapping community detection in weighted graphs.

Reference
https://cdlib.readthedocs.io/en/v0.3.0/reference/cd_algorithms/algorithms.html

Describe the solution you'd like
Restore the algorithms' comparison table to the documentation, updated with any new algorithms added since v0.3.0.

Describe alternatives you've considered
While feature tags exist in individual algorithm documentation pages, having a comprehensive table would make it much easier to compare multiple algorithms at once.

[azriel1rf]

I can help create a GitHub Action workflow that automatically updates the comparison table by parsing algorithm docstrings and generating the table when implementations change. This would keep the documentation always in sync with the codebase.