From 9ddd367e763ace37c5d67f73c193c2575463c808 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Maksym Date: Wed, 28 Feb 2024 15:20:39 -0500 Subject: [PATCH] LLMFactCheck --- data/1.csv | 3580 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------- json/neo4j_requests.txt | 6 +- src/get_result.py | 2 +- 3 files changed, 1789 insertions(+), 1799 deletions(-) diff --git a/data/1.csv b/data/1.csv index a33a674..e88500d 100644 --- a/data/1.csv +++ b/data/1.csv @@ -1,2588 +1,2578 @@ Predicate ID,Triple,Sentence ID,Sentence,Is Correct,Question,Answer -24413653,Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis,1001,"This study investigated worm control practices by free-range egg farmers and the efficacy of the commercial anthelmintics levamisole (LEV), piperazine (PIP), flubendazole (FLBZ) and fenbendazole (FBZ) against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study investigated worm control practices by free-range egg farmers and the efficacy of the commercial anthelmintics levamisole (LEV), piperazine (PIP), flubendazole (FLBZ) and fenbendazole (FBZ) against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis"". The study investigates the efficacy of various anthelmintics, including fenbendazole (FBZ), against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia. Helminthiasis is a condition characterized by parasitic worm infestation in various organs of the body, often in the gastrointestinal tract. By studying worm control practices involving fenbendazole and its efficacy against gastrointestinal nematodes, the study offers evidence that fenbendazole can be used as an anthelmintic agent for treating helminthiasis caused by these nematodes. - - However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be inferred from this statement alone since it is based on an indirect source (the study investigates worm control practices but does not explicitly state that fenbendazole treats helminthiasis). Further investigation into the study results would be required for drawing more definitive conclusions regarding fenbendazole's therapeutic potential against helminthiasis" -9783282,Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis,1002,[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole]."" This is because the statement explicitly mentions thiabendazole being used in the treatment of helminthiasis, which implies that thiabendazole is effective in treating helminthiasis. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect evidence for thiabendazole's effectiveness in treating helminthiasis, it does not constitute direct evidence of its therapeutic efficacy. Further studies would be required to establish thiabendazole as an evidence-based treatment for helminthiasis." +24413653,Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis,1001,"This study investigated worm control practices by free-range egg farmers and the efficacy of the commercial anthelmintics levamisole (LEV), piperazine (PIP), flubendazole (FLBZ) and fenbendazole (FBZ) against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study investigated worm control practices by free-range egg farmers and the efficacy of the commercial anthelmintics levamisole (LEV), piperazine (PIP), flubendazole (FLBZ) and fenbendazole (FBZ) against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Fenbendazole treats helminthiasis."" The study investigates the efficacy of various anthelmintics, including fenbendazole (FBZ), against gastrointestinal nematodes on two free-range layer farms in Australia. Helminthiasis is a condition characterized by parasitic worm infestation in various organs of the body, including gastrointestinal nematodes in the case of this study. The fact that fenbendazole is being tested for its efficacy against these nematodes suggests that it has potential therapeutic effects on helminthiasis caused by these parasites. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of fenbendazole treating helminthiasis in a clinical setting is not provided in this statement; thus, it only offers indirect support for the claim." +9783282,Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis,1002,[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Thiabendazole treats helminthiasis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[The treatment of helminthiasis with thiabendazole]."" This is because the statement explicitly mentions that thiabendazole is used in the treatment of helminthiasis, which implies that thiabendazole is an effective agent against helminthiasis. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect evidence for thiabendazole's efficacy in treating helminthiasis, it does not constitute direct evidence of its therapeutic benefits, such as results from clinical trials demonstrating its safety and efficacy in patients." 22678969,Albendazole treats Infection,1003,The control of STH infections is based on preventive chemotherapy using either albendazole or mebendazole.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The control of STH infections is based on preventive chemotherapy using either albendazole or mebendazole.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Albendazole treats Infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""The control of STH infections is based on preventive chemotherapy using either albendazole or mebendazole."" - The statement suggests that albendazole is one of the primary drugs used in preventive chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, which implies that it has therapeutic efficacy against these infections. This is because preventive chemotherapy typically involves mass drug administration to entire populations or high-risk groups for the control and elimination of certain diseases or infections. Therefore, it can be inferred that albendazole is used to treat STH infections, providing indirect support for the claim that ""Albendazole treats Infection."" - - However, it is important to note that albendazole is not universally effective against all types of infections but is specifically used for certain parasitic worm infections, including roundworm, hookworm, threadworm (pinworm), and whipworm infections, which fall under the category of STH infections. Therefore" -10750815,Albendazole treats onchocerciasis,1004,"A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in Monagas State, Venezuela to assess the tolerance and efficacy of albendazole in the therapy of Onchocerca volvulus infection.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats onchocerciasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in Monagas State, Venezuela to assess the tolerance and efficacy of albendazole in the therapy of Onchocerca volvulus infection.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Albendazole treats onchocerciasis."" The reason is that a double-blind clinical trial was conducted specifically to assess the tolerance (presumably referring to side effects) and efficacy (the ability to produce a desired result) of albendazole in treating Onchocerca volvulus infection, which is another term for onchocerciasis. + The statement suggests that albendazole is one of the primary drugs used in preventive chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections, which implies that it has therapeutic effects against these infections. This is consistent with the phrase ""Albendazole treats Infection."" However, it should be noted that the term ""treats"" in this context refers to the medical use of albendazole to manage or cure infections, rather than eradicating the infection immediately upon administration. Furthermore, it is essential to consider that albendazole is just one of several drugs used for treating STH infections; therefore, its effectiveness may vary depending on the specific type of infection and other factors." +10750815,Albendazole treats onchocerciasis,1004,"A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in Monagas State, Venezuela to assess the tolerance and efficacy of albendazole in the therapy of Onchocerca volvulus infection.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats onchocerciasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind clinical trial was conducted in Monagas State, Venezuela to assess the tolerance and efficacy of albendazole in the therapy of Onchocerca volvulus infection.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Albendazole treats onchocerciasis (Onchocerca volvulus infection). The reason is that a double-blind clinical trial is an experimental study design that aims to reduce bias when testing a treatment's efficacy. In this case, the trial assesses albendazole's tolerance and efficacy in treating Onchocerca volvulus infection (onchocerciasis). - Although the statement does not explicitly confirm that albendazole successfully treats onchocerciasis, it does imply that albendazole was administered as a therapy for onchocerciasis during the trial. This suggests that albendazole is considered a potential treatment option for onchocerciasis by researchers involved in the study. + While the statement does not explicitly confirm that albendazole is an effective treatment for onchocerciasis, it does imply that an investigation into its therapeutic potential was conducted. The fact that such a study was performed suggests that there is some basis for believing albendazole may have some effect on onchocerciasis, even if it does not prove it conclusively. - However, it is important to note that further investigation would be required to determine the actual outcomes of the trial in order to make more definitive conclusions about albendazole's efficacy in treating onchocerciasis based on this statement alone." -10114050,Albendazole treats toxocariasis,1005,"The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats toxocariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Albendazole treats toxocariasis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin."" + However, it is important to note that determining whether albendazole effectively treats onchocerciasis would require reviewing additional information such as the study results, methodology, sample size, control group details, and statistical analysis. This information would provide more direct evidence regarding albendazole" +10114050,Albendazole treats toxocariasis,1005,"The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats toxocariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Albendazole treats toxocariasis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""The treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection relies on antihelminthic agents such as thiabendazole, albendazole and ivermectin."" - The statement lists albendazole as one of the antihelminthic agents used in treating Toxocara infections (toxocariasis is caused by Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati). This implies that albendazole has been found effective in treating Toxocara infections, thus providing indirect support for the claim that albendazole treats toxocariasis. However, it is important to note that direct evidence from clinical trials or studies specifically investigating the efficacy of albendazole in treating toxocariasis would provide stronger support for this claim." -9588560,Albendazole treats trichuriasis,1006,"Three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of nitazoxanide paediatric suspension compared to albendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis and praziquantel in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats trichuriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of nitazoxanide paediatric suspension compared to albendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis and praziquantel in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Albendazole treats trichuriasis. The statement indicates that three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of Albendazole in the treatment of trichuriasis (alongside ascariasis). This implies that Albendazole was used as a treatment option for trichuriasis in these studies, suggesting its potential therapeutic effect on trichuriasis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; further investigation into these studies would be required for a more robust evaluation of Albendazole's effectiveness in treating trichuriasis." -9492446,Albendazole treats filariasis,1007,"Today, the only way is the prophylactic control of Onchocerca vovulus infections and treating lymphatic filariosis with ivermectin, diethylcarbamacine, ivermectin/diethylcarbamazine. or ivermectin/albendazole combinations.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Today, the only way is the prophylactic control of Onchocerca vovulus infections and treating lymphatic filariosis with ivermectin, diethylcarbamacine, ivermectin/diethylcarbamazine. or ivermectin/albendazole combinations.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Albendazole treats filariasis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that lymphatic filariosis is treated with ivermectin/albendazole combinations. This implies that albendazole is used in the treatment of filariasis, which is another name for lymphatic filariosis. However, it's important to note that albendazole is typically used in combination with other drugs, rather than as a standalone treatment." -8712067,Albendazole treats helminthiasis,1008,The study population was assessed for helminthic infection and those found to be positive were randomly assigned to either an albendazole treatment group or a control group who received a placebo.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study population was assessed for helminthic infection and those found to be positive were randomly assigned to either an albendazole treatment group or a control group who received a placebo.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Albendazole treats helminthiasis"". This is because it describes a study where participants diagnosed with helminthic infection were given Albendazole as part of a treatment group. If helminthiasis is indeed caused by helminthic infections and if those infections were effectively treated by Albendazole in this study, then it would lend credence to the idea that Albendazole can be used to treat helminthiasis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof; more information about the study design, results, statistical significance, and potential confounding factors would be needed for a more robust evaluation of the claim." -7789677,Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis,1009,"To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis"". The fact that 46 patients diagnosed with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole indicates that albendazole is being used as a treatment for this condition. The follow-up period of one year and the separation of patients into cured and non-cured groups suggests that the study is assessing the efficacy of albendazole in treating strongyloidiasis. However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence of albendazole's efficacy, as it does not report on the outcomes of the treatment. A direct claim would require explicit statements about the drug's therapeutic effect on strongyloidiasis." -7640018,Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis,1010,The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.""?","Yes, the statement ""The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis"". This is because filarial elephantiasis is caused by parasitic filarial worms, which lymphatic filariasis is a disease resulting from infection by these worms. Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug often used in mass drug administration programs aimed at eliminating lymphatic filariasis. By reducing the worm burden in infected individuals, albendazole can alleviate symptoms associated with filarial elephantiasis, thereby treating it indirectly. However, it is essential to note that albendazole alone may not cure filarial elephantiasis completely and might require additional treatments in conjunction with other medications for optimal results." + The statement indicates that albendazole is one of the antihelminthic agents used in the treatment of cutaneous larva migrans and Toxocara infection. Toxocariasis is an infection caused by the roundworm parasite Toxocara, which can affect various organs in the body including the skin (cutaneous larva migrans). Therefore, it can be inferred that albendazole is used in treating toxocariasis because it is an effective antihelminthic agent against Toxocara infections. However, direct causality cannot be inferred from this statement alone as it only implies an association between albendazole usage and treatment of Toxocara infections." +9588560,Albendazole treats trichuriasis,1006,"Three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of nitazoxanide paediatric suspension compared to albendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis and praziquantel in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats trichuriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three randomized clinical studies were conducted in 2000 to evaluate the efficacy of nitazoxanide paediatric suspension compared to albendazole in the treatment of ascariasis and trichuriasis and praziquantel in the treatment of hymenolepiasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that albendazole treats trichuriasis. The randomized clinical studies mentioned in the statement compared albendazole to nitazoxanide paediatric suspension in treating ascariasis and trichuriasis in children from Cajamarca, Peru. The fact that albendazole was used as a comparator in these studies implies that it has some established efficacy against trichuriasis. However, it is important to note that these studies do not provide direct evidence of albendazole's efficacy against trichuriasis; they only suggest that it was considered an appropriate comparator for a drug being tested for trichuriasis treatment. Therefore, while there is indirect support for the claim, it is not based on direct comparative results between albendazole and a placebo in treating trichuriasis." +9492446,Albendazole treats filariasis,1007,"Today, the only way is the prophylactic control of Onchocerca vovulus infections and treating lymphatic filariosis with ivermectin, diethylcarbamacine, ivermectin/diethylcarbamazine. or ivermectin/albendazole combinations.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Today, the only way is the prophylactic control of Onchocerca vovulus infections and treating lymphatic filariosis with ivermectin, diethylcarbamacine, ivermectin/diethylcarbamazine. or ivermectin/albendazole combinations.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Albendazole treats filariasis. The statement lists several treatment options for lymphatic filariosis (a type of filariasis), one of which is the combination of ivermectin and albendazole. Therefore, it suggests that albendazole is indeed used in treating filariasis, even though it may not be the only drug used or the primary one mentioned in the statement. However, it is important to note that filariasis is caused by various species of filarial worms, including Onchocerca volvulus (which causes river blindness), and it is possible that albendazole is more effective against some species than others." +8712067,Albendazole treats helminthiasis,1008,The study population was assessed for helminthic infection and those found to be positive were randomly assigned to either an albendazole treatment group or a control group who received a placebo.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study population was assessed for helminthic infection and those found to be positive were randomly assigned to either an albendazole treatment group or a control group who received a placebo.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Albendazole treats helminthiasis. This is because it describes a study where participants diagnosed with helminthic infection were given Albendazole as part of a treatment group, implying that Albendazole was used as an intervention for helminthiasis in this context. However, it is important to note that direct support would require additional information such as the outcomes of the treatment group compared to the control group (e.g., parasite clearance rates), as well as any relevant statistical analyses demonstrating significant differences between the two groups." +7789677,Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis,1009,"To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole treats strongyloidiasis"". The fact that 46 patients diagnosed with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole indicates that albendazole is being used as a treatment for this condition. The follow-up period of one year and the separation of patients into cured and non-cured groups suggests that the study is assessing the efficacy of albendazole in treating strongyloidiasis. However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence of albendazole's efficacy, as it does not report on the outcomes of the treatment. A direct claim would require explicit statements about the drug's effectiveness in treating strongyloidiasis." +7640018,Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis,1010,The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis.""?","Yes, the statement ""The role of albendazole in programmes to eliminate lymphatic filariasis"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole treats filarial elephantiasis"". This is because filarial elephantiasis is caused by parasitic filarial worms, which lymphatic filariasis is a disease resulting from infection by these worms. Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug often used in mass drug administration programs for lymphatic filariasis elimination. By targeting and killing the microfilariae (immature filarial worms) in humans, albendazole can help reduce transmission of filarial worms and potentially improve symptoms of filarial elephantiasis over time. However, it is important to note that albendazole alone may not be sufficient to cure filarial elephantiasis, as it does not kill adult worms, and other treatments might be necessary for severe cases of elephantiasis." 7620262,Albendazole treats Hookworm Infections,1011,On the basis of our results the single 400 mg dose of albendazole is the treatment of choice for hookworm infections in this region of Mali.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats Hookworm Infections"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the basis of our results the single 400 mg dose of albendazole is the treatment of choice for hookworm infections in this region of Mali.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Albendazole treats Hookworm Infections"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""On the basis of our results the single 400 mg dose of albendazole is the treatment of choice for hookworm infections in this region of Mali."" - The statement suggests that albendazole has been found effective in treating hookworm infections in a specific region of Mali. This implies that albendazole has some therapeutic effect on hookworm infections, providing indirect support for the claim that albendazole treats hookworm infections. However, it's important to note that the effectiveness of albendazole may vary depending on factors such as dosage, frequency of administration, and the specific type of hookworm infection. Therefore, while there is support for the claim, it is not without its qualifications and contextual considerations." -7226097,Albendazole treats cysticercosis,1012,The efficacy of albendazole (15 mg/kg/d for 1 week) was compared with praziquantel (100 mg/kg in three divided doses at 2-hour intervals) for therapy of parenchymal brain cysticercosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats cysticercosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy of albendazole (15 mg/kg/d for 1 week) was compared with praziquantel (100 mg/kg in three divided doses at 2-hour intervals) for therapy of parenchymal brain cysticercosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Albendazole treats cysticercosis. The study referenced in the statement is comparing the efficacy of Albendazole and Praziquantel in treating parenchymal brain cysticercosis, which indicates that Albendazole is being used as a potential treatment for this condition. Cysticercosis is a disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia solium, which can infect various tissues including the brain, leading to parenchymal brain cysticercosis. Therefore, if Albendazole is being tested as a treatment for parenchymal brain cysticercosis, it implies that Albendazole has potential activity against cysticercosis. However, it is important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of Albendazole's efficacy in treating cysticercosis, as it only indicates that it is being compared to another treatment in a study." -25678577,Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease,1013,"Clinical efficacy and safety of a new oxacephem, moxalactam, in serious bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical efficacy and safety of a new oxacephem, moxalactam, in serious bacterial infections.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease"" from the provided reference about moxalactam. This is because both Latamoxef and Moxalactam belong to the same class of antibiotics called oxacephems, which have demonstrated clinical efficacy in treating serious bacterial infections based on the study mentioned. + The statement suggests that albendazole is an effective treatment for hookworm infections in a specific region of Mali. This implies that albendazole has some therapeutic effect on hookworm infections, providing indirect support for the claim that albendazole treats hookworm infections. However, it's important to note that this support is indirect and limited to the specific context of the study (i.e., the region of Mali). Further research would be needed to determine whether albendazole is an effective treatment for hookworm infections in other regions and populations." +7226097,Albendazole treats cysticercosis,1012,The efficacy of albendazole (15 mg/kg/d for 1 week) was compared with praziquantel (100 mg/kg in three divided doses at 2-hour intervals) for therapy of parenchymal brain cysticercosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole treats cysticercosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy of albendazole (15 mg/kg/d for 1 week) was compared with praziquantel (100 mg/kg in three divided doses at 2-hour intervals) for therapy of parenchymal brain cysticercosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that albendazole treats cysticercosis. The study referenced in the statement is comparing the efficacy of albendazole and praziquantel in treating parenchymal brain cysticercosis, which implies that albendazole is being used as a treatment for cysticercosis in this context. However, it should be noted that direct support for the claim would require a statement explicitly stating that albendazole treats cysticercosis, rather than an indirect reference in a comparative study." +25678577,Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease,1013,"Clinical efficacy and safety of a new oxacephem, moxalactam, in serious bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical efficacy and safety of a new oxacephem, moxalactam, in serious bacterial infections.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Latamoxef treats bacterial infectious disease"" from the provided evidence. Latamoxef is an oxacephem antibiotic similar in structure and function to moxalactam. The statement ""Clinical efficacy and safety of a new oxacephem, moxalactam, in serious bacterial infections"" suggests that moxalactam is effective in treating bacterial infections. Since Latamoxef shares similar properties with moxalactam as an oxacephem antibiotic, it can be inferred that Latamoxef may also be effective in treating bacterial infections. However, it is important to note that direct clinical trials or studies comparing Latamoxef and bacterial infectious diseases would provide stronger support for this claim." +26824955,Ibuprofen treats spondylosis,1014,A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats spondylosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis.""?","No, the statement ""A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis"" does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats spondylosis."" The statement is comparing two treatments (ibuprofen and diclofenac) for spondylosis but it does not confirm that ibuprofen specifically treats spondylosis. It only suggests that ibuprofen might be more effective than diclofenac in treating spondylosis in the short term based on the comparison study. To confirm that ibuprofen treats spondylosis, there would need to be studies specifically investigating ibuprofen as a treatment for spondylosis." +25670779,Ibuprofen treats sunburn,1015,"The data suggest that ibuprofen is more effective than placebo for the relief of symptoms associated with UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis, but the drug has limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats sunburn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest that ibuprofen is more effective than placebo for the relief of symptoms associated with UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis, but the drug has limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The key phrase indicating this is ""UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis."" Sunburn is also an inflammatory response caused by UV-B radiation from sunlight exposure. Ibuprofen is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, which may alleviate symptoms associated with sunburn as well as those induced by phototherapy for psoriasis. - However, it is important to note that while both drugs share similarities due to their class membership, they may still have distinct pharmacological properties that could influence their effectiveness against specific bacterial infections or their safety profiles. Therefore, it is always advisable to consult primary literature on Latamoxef specifically when making conclusions about its use in treating bacterial infections. + However, it is essential to acknowledge certain nuances in interpreting these results for sunburn treatment specifically. The statement highlights that ibuprofen has ""limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses."" This implies that while ibuprofen may provide some relief for sunburn symptoms, its overall effectiveness might be limited compared to other treatments specifically designed for sunburns. - In summary, although not a direct confirmation of Latamoxef's efficacy in treating bacterial infections, the study on Moxalactam does provide some level of indirect support for that claim based on their shared classification as oxacephems." -26824955,Ibuprofen treats spondylosis,1014,A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats spondylosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis.""?","No, the statement ""A comparison of the short-term effects of ibuprofen and diclofenac in spondylosis"" does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats spondylosis."" The statement only indicates that there is a comparison being made between ibuprofen and diclofenac in terms of their short-term effects on spondylosis. It does not explicitly state that ibuprofen is an effective treatment for spondylosis. To establish whether ibuprofen treats spondylosis, one would need to examine evidence that specifically addresses the efficacy of ibuprofen in treating spondylosis." -25670779,Ibuprofen treats sunburn,1015,"The data suggest that ibuprofen is more effective than placebo for the relief of symptoms associated with UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis, but the drug has limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats sunburn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest that ibuprofen is more effective than placebo for the relief of symptoms associated with UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis, but the drug has limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The key phrase ""UV-B-induced inflammation after high dose UV-B phototherapy for psoriasis"" implies that ibuprofen has an effect on inflammation caused by UV-B radiation, which is similar to the inflammation caused by sunburn. Therefore, it could be hypothesized that ibuprofen might also have some effect on sunburn symptoms. However, it is important to note that the statement also mentions ""limited usefulness in the treatment of sunburn reaction from these same doses,"" suggesting that while there may be some effect, it may not be as significant as for UV-B-induced inflammation in psoriasis treatment." -25518118,Ibuprofen treats Fractured ankle,1016,"Huoxue Huayu Recipe combined with ibuprofen can reduce inflammatory factors levels in patients with ankle fracture, improve isokinetic muscle strength and ankle function, and accelerate the recovery of patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Fractured ankle"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Huoxue Huayu Recipe combined with ibuprofen can reduce inflammatory factors levels in patients with ankle fracture, improve isokinetic muscle strength and ankle function, and accelerate the recovery of patients.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that ibuprofen, when used in combination with a specific recipe (Huoxue Huayu Recipe), can help reduce inflammatory factors in patients with ankle fractures. This implies that ibuprofen could potentially have a positive effect on treating fractured ankles by managing inflammation, one of the symptoms associated with such injuries. However, it's important to note that the claim does not explicitly state that ibuprofen alone can treat fractured ankles, but rather that it is part of a treatment regimen. Therefore, the support is indirect and within the context of a broader treatment approach." -25321029,Ibuprofen treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1017,"Treatment of newborn rat pups with ibuprofen reduced pulmonary vessel density in the developing lung, but also attenuated experimental BPD by reducing lung inflammation, alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness and small arteriolar wall thickening.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of newborn rat pups with ibuprofen reduced pulmonary vessel density in the developing lung, but also attenuated experimental BPD by reducing lung inflammation, alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness and small arteriolar wall thickening.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from this statement for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)"". The provided statement discusses an experimental study in newborn rat pups where ibuprofen treatment led to several positive outcomes that are associated with BPD attenuation. Specifically, it reduced lung inflammation, alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness, and small arteriolar wall thickening - all of which are key features of BPD. However, it is important to note that while these results suggest that ibuprofen may have therapeutic potential for BPD treatment in humans, further studies would be required to confirm its efficacy and safety in newborns." -22125431,Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia,1018,Introduction: The comparison of ibuprofen with acetaminophen for blood pressure (BP) in preeclampsia remains controversial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Introduction: The comparison of ibuprofen with acetaminophen for blood pressure (BP) in preeclampsia remains controversial.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia."" The statement introduces a controversy about comparing ibuprofen and acetaminophen for blood pressure in preeclampsia patients. It does not mention anything about ibuprofen treating preeclampsia itself. Therefore, it is not relevant to the claim that ibuprofen is used as a treatment for preeclampsia." + In summary, while there is indirect support for ibuprofen treating sunburn based on its effectiveness in relieving UV-B-induced inflammation in psoriasis patients undergoing phototherapy, it is crucial to recognize that its usefulness in treating sunburn might be limited compared to other targeted therap" +25518118,Ibuprofen treats Fractured ankle,1016,"Huoxue Huayu Recipe combined with ibuprofen can reduce inflammatory factors levels in patients with ankle fracture, improve isokinetic muscle strength and ankle function, and accelerate the recovery of patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Fractured ankle"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Huoxue Huayu Recipe combined with ibuprofen can reduce inflammatory factors levels in patients with ankle fracture, improve isokinetic muscle strength and ankle function, and accelerate the recovery of patients.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that ibuprofen, when used in combination with a specific recipe (Huoxue Huayu Recipe), can help reduce inflammatory factors in patients with ankle fractures. This implies that ibuprofen could potentially have a positive effect on treating fractured ankles by reducing inflammation, which is a key component of the healing process. However, it's important to note that the claim does not explicitly state that ibuprofen alone can treat fractured ankles, but rather that it is part of a treatment regimen. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for the claim, it is not a direct confirmation that ibuprofen alone can treat fractured ankles." +25321029,Ibuprofen treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1017,"Treatment of newborn rat pups with ibuprofen reduced pulmonary vessel density in the developing lung, but also attenuated experimental BPD by reducing lung inflammation, alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness and small arteriolar wall thickening.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of newborn rat pups with ibuprofen reduced pulmonary vessel density in the developing lung, but also attenuated experimental BPD by reducing lung inflammation, alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness and small arteriolar wall thickening.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by impaired alveolar development and lung inflammation in premature infants. The statement indicates that ibuprofen treatment in newborn rat pups led to reduced lung inflammation as well as attenuated experimental BPD, as evidenced by improvements in alveolar enlargement, alveolar septum thickness, and small arteriolar wall thickening. These results suggest that ibuprofen may have therapeutic potential for BPD treatment in humans; however, further studies are needed to confirm these effects in clinical settings before making definitive conclusions about its efficacy in treating BPD." +22125431,Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia,1018,Introduction: The comparison of ibuprofen with acetaminophen for blood pressure (BP) in preeclampsia remains controversial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Introduction: The comparison of ibuprofen with acetaminophen for blood pressure (BP) in preeclampsia remains controversial.""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen treats preeclampsia"" does not receive indirect support from the provided statement. The statement in question only introduces a controversy regarding the comparison of ibuprofen with acetaminophen for blood pressure in preeclampsia. It does not confirm that ibuprofen is an effective treatment for preeclampsia. In fact, it implies that more research is needed to determine whether ibuprofen is superior, equivalent, or inferior to acetaminophen in managing blood pressure in preeclampsia patients. Therefore, it is important not to overstate conclusions based on limited evidence when interpreting scientific statements." 21268743,Ibuprofen treats glioma,1019,"Taken together, our findings reveal that ibuprofen could induce ferroptosis of glioblastoma cells via downregulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and is a potential drug for glioma treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats glioma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Taken together, our findings reveal that ibuprofen could induce ferroptosis of glioblastoma cells via downregulation of Nrf2 signaling pathway and is a potential drug for glioma treatment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats glioma."" The statement suggests that ibuprofen could induce ferroptosis of glioblastoma cells, which are a type of glioma cell. Furthermore, it indicates that this could occur via downregulation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, suggesting a potential mechanism of action. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some evidence in favor of the claim that ibuprofen can treat glioma, it does not constitute definitive proof. Further research would be needed to confirm these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of ibuprofen as a treatment for glioma." -20821983,Ibuprofen treats common cold,1020,Ibuprofen (IBU) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were commonly used for common cold due to their different effects in relieving fever and the main symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats common cold"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen (IBU) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were commonly used for common cold due to their different effects in relieving fever and the main symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats common cold."" The statement suggests that ibuprofen (IBU) is used for common colds due to its ability to relieve fever and certain symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure. However, using a medication for symptom relief is not the same as treating the underlying cause of the illness. In this case, the statement implies that ibuprofen may help alleviate some discomforts associated with the common cold but does not necessarily indicate that it treats or cures the cold itself." -20285347,Ibuprofen treats periodontitis,1021,"Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the local delivery of the NSAIDs model drug ibuprofen to treat periodontitis using different types of gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, and bigel).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the local delivery of the NSAIDs model drug ibuprofen to treat periodontitis using different types of gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, and bigel).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats periodontitis."" The objective of the study as stated is to investigate the local delivery of ibuprofen as an NSAID (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug) model drug for treating periodontitis using different types of gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, and bigel). This implies that ibuprofen is being used as a treatment for periodontitis in the context of this study. However, it is important to note that while this suggests that ibuprofen could potentially be used to treat periodontitis, it does not definitively prove that it does so effectively. The results of the study would need to be evaluated to make such a determination." -19270581,Ibuprofen treats bone fracture,1022,Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bone fracture"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?""?","No, the statement ""Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bone fracture."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. This study is investigating whether ibuprofen use in children with fractures might lead to complications in bone healing, implying that ibuprofen may not be beneficial for bone fracture treatment in children. However, it is important to note that negative results (i.e., finding no effect) do not necessarily equate to evidence against a claim; they simply suggest that further investigation is required. In order to provide indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen treats bone fractures, one would need evidence showing that ibuprofen use leads to improved bone healing outcomes in individuals with fractures." -17621968,Ibuprofen treats Cognitive impairment,1023,"Finally, anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen ameliorated the peripheral surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment in 18 month-old mice.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Finally, anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen ameliorated the peripheral surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment in 18 month-old mice.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug, ameliorated cognitive impairment in mice that underwent peripheral surgical wounding. This suggests a potential link between ibuprofen use and improved cognitive function in the context of surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment. However, it's important to note that this is in a specific model (mice with surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment), and it doesn't necessarily mean that ibuprofen can treat all forms of cognitive impairment in humans. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore their implications in different contexts." -17292168,Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain,1024,"In the last several years, several topical NSAIDs including either diclofenac ibuprofen or salicylates for chronic pain have been approved in the United States while similar drugs have been available in Europe for years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the last several years, several topical NSAIDs including either diclofenac ibuprofen or salicylates for chronic pain have been approved in the United States while similar drugs have been available in Europe for years.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain."" The statement indicates that topical NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs), including ibuprofen, have been approved in the United States for chronic pain relief. This suggests that ibuprofen is effective in treating chronic pain, as it has been approved by regulatory bodies for such use. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference, as the statement does not explicitly state that ibuprofen treats chronic pain, but rather implies it through the approval of ibuprofen-based NSAIDs for chronic pain relief." -15258520,Ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorder,1025,Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common cardiovascular abnormality of the preterm infant usually treated with ibuprofen (IBU).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common cardiovascular abnormality of the preterm infant usually treated with ibuprofen (IBU).""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly say that ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorders, it implies that ibuprofen is used in the treatment of PDA, which is a cardiovascular abnormality. This suggests that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disorders, providing indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorders. However, it is important to note that PDA is not representative of all cardiovascular disorders; therefore, any effect of ibuprofen on PDA may not necessarily generalize to other cardiovascular conditions." -13826476,"Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine",1026,"In an open three-center pilot study, 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome, due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis, were treated orally with 1800-2400 mg Ibuprofen per day for 3 weeks.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In an open three-center pilot study, 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome, due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis, were treated orally with 1800-2400 mg Ibuprofen per day for 3 weeks.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine"". The study mentions that 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis were treated with Ibuprofen for 3 weeks. Spondylarthrosis is a type of osteoarthritis that affects the spine. Therefore, this study shows that Ibuprofen was used to treat osteoarthritis in the spine, providing indirect support for the claim. However, it's important to note that this is an open three-center pilot study with a small sample size, so further research with larger sample sizes would be needed to confirm these findings." -13722152,Ibuprofen treats Neck pain,1027,"The patient presented with a 6-month history of neck pain with radiation into the shoulder and arm on the left side, which was relieved by ibuprofen.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Neck pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient presented with a 6-month history of neck pain with radiation into the shoulder and arm on the left side, which was relieved by ibuprofen.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Neck pain"". The patient's relief from neck pain upon taking ibuprofen suggests that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on neck pain. However, it's important to note that this is an observational statement from a single patient, not a controlled clinical trial. Therefore, while it suggests a potential benefit, it doesn't prove that ibuprofen is a definitive treatment for neck pain. Other factors could also be contributing to the patient's relief, such as the natural course of the condition or placebo effect. Further studies would be needed to establish a causal relationship and confirm the effectiveness of ibuprofen for neck pain." -11790277,Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder,1028,"Treatment with nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen, indomethacin, or salicylic acid did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen, indomethacin, or salicylic acid did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder."" The statement indicates that treatment with ibuprofen, along with other nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs, did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy. This suggests that ibuprofen may not be effective in treating hypertensive disorder in this specific context. However, it is important to note that hypertension is a complex condition that can be influenced by various factors; therefore, further research is needed before making definitive conclusions about ibuprofen's efficacy in treating hypertensive disorders." -11536369,Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis,1029,Addition of ibuprofen to pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Addition of ibuprofen to pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis."" The addition of ibuprofen to other treatments suggests that ibuprofen has some efficacy in treating seasonal allergic rhinitis, even if it is not being used as a standalone treatment in this particular study. However, it is important to note that this statement does not directly prove that ibuprofen alone can treat seasonal allergic rhinitis, as it is being used in combination with other treatments in this study. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not definitive proof." -11381904,Ibuprofen treats Premature birth,1030,This should be considered to assess pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and subsequently to understand and refine the use of ibuprofen in managing PDA either as a prophylactic or curative treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Premature birth"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This should be considered to assess pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and subsequently to understand and refine the use of ibuprofen in managing PDA either as a prophylactic or curative treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Premature birth."" The statement discusses assessing pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and refining its use in managing Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA), which could be either prophylactic (preventative) or curative (treatment). However, it does not explicitly mention that ibuprofen treats premature birth itself but rather focuses on its application in managing PDA in premature neonates." -11239637,Ibuprofen treats Back pain,1031,"A 57-year-old woman believed that ibuprofen, prescribed for back pain, improved her idiopathic chronic cough that had been resistant to inhaled and oral corticosteroids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Back pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 57-year-old woman believed that ibuprofen, prescribed for back pain, improved her idiopathic chronic cough that had been resistant to inhaled and oral corticosteroids.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen treats back pain. The statement discusses an observation made by a patient regarding her chronic cough, which improved after taking ibuprofen prescribed for back pain. This observation suggests that ibuprofen may have had an effect on her cough; however, it does not confirm that ibuprofen is an effective treatment for back pain. To establish support for that claim, controlled clinical trials would need to be conducted demonstrating that ibuprofen consumption results in consistent improvement in back pain symptoms compared to placebo or alternative treatments. - - - The statement might imply that ibuprofen has some unspecified therapeutic effects beyond its primary use as an analgesic for pain relief; however, it does not provide sufficient evidence for making any conclusions about ibuprofen as an effective treatment for back pain specifically. - - - In summary, while it is possible that ibuprofen may have some therapeutic effects for back pain, based on the provided statement alone we cannot conclude that it does because it does not meet the standards for empirical evaluation of medical treatments." -10195210,Ibuprofen treats influenza,1032,"A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group comparison of diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for the treatment of adults with influenza-like symptoms.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats influenza"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group comparison of diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for the treatment of adults with influenza-like symptoms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats influenza."" The study mentioned is comparing diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for treating adults with influenza-like symptoms, not proving that ibuprofen can treat influenza itself. The study might show that ibuprofen can alleviate symptoms associated with influenza but not necessarily that it treats the underlying infection. Therefore, it does not offer sufficient evidence that ibuprofen is an effective treatment for influenza." -9950431,Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder,1033,"Eight preparations contained synthetic drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants in sedative preparations, cyproheptadine in a remedy to gain bodyweight, ibuprofen and dipyrone in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eight preparations contained synthetic drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants in sedative preparations, cyproheptadine in a remedy to gain bodyweight, ibuprofen and dipyrone in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder"". The key information here is that ibuprofen is listed as one of the synthetic drugs found in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism. This implies that ibuprofen is being used as a therapeutic agent for rheumatic disorders, which aligns with the claim that ibuprofen can treat such conditions. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the mention of ibuprofen in a list of ingredients for a therapeutic preparation. For a more direct support of the claim, clinical trial data or other robust evidence would be required." +20821983,Ibuprofen treats common cold,1020,Ibuprofen (IBU) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were commonly used for common cold due to their different effects in relieving fever and the main symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats common cold"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen (IBU) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PE) were commonly used for common cold due to their different effects in relieving fever and the main symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats common cold."" The statement suggests that ibuprofen (IBU) is used for common colds due to its ability to relieve fever and certain symptoms such as nasal congestion and high sinus pressure. However, it does not imply that ibuprofen treats the cold itself; rather, it indicates that ibuprofen alleviates some of the symptoms associated with the common cold. + + To provide indirect support for ""Ibuprofen treats common cold,"" there would need to be evidence suggesting that ibuprofen has an impact on the underlying cause of the common cold (typically viruses) or that it reduces the duration of cold symptoms beyond what would be expected from simple symptom relief. The statement provided does not contain such evidence; therefore, it does not support the claim that ibuprofen treats common colds." +20285347,Ibuprofen treats periodontitis,1021,"Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the local delivery of the NSAIDs model drug ibuprofen to treat periodontitis using different types of gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, and bigel).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the local delivery of the NSAIDs model drug ibuprofen to treat periodontitis using different types of gel formulations (hydrogel, oleogel, and bigel).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats periodontitis."" The objective of the study as stated is to investigate the local delivery of ibuprofen to treat periodontitis using different types of gel formulations. This implies that ibuprofen is being used as a treatment for periodontitis in the context of this study. However, it's important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence that ibuprofen is an effective treatment for periodontitis. The study would need to report positive results for such a claim to be made." +19270581,Ibuprofen treats bone fracture,1022,Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bone fracture"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?""?","No, the statement ""Does the Use of Ibuprofen in Children with Extremity Fractures Increase their Risk for Bone Healing Complications?"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats bone fracture."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. This question implies that there might be an association between Ibuprofen use in children with fractures and complications in bone healing, which could indicate that Ibuprofen might not be beneficial for bone fracture treatment. However, it does not definitively prove that Ibuprofen has no positive effects on bone fractures; it merely highlights a potential risk that should be further investigated." +17621968,Ibuprofen treats Cognitive impairment,1023,"Finally, anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen ameliorated the peripheral surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment in 18 month-old mice.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Finally, anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen ameliorated the peripheral surgical wounding-induced cognitive impairment in 18 month-old mice.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that ibuprofen, an anti-inflammatory drug, had an ameliorative effect on cognitive impairment in mice that underwent peripheral surgical wounding. However, it's important to note that this is not a direct correlation between ibuprofen and cognitive impairment treatment in general. The cognitive impairment here is specifically linked to surgical wounding in mice, which may not translate directly to humans or other causes of cognitive impairment. Therefore, while suggestive, more extensive research would be needed to fully support the claim that ibuprofen treats cognitive impairment in all cases." +17292168,Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain,1024,"In the last several years, several topical NSAIDs including either diclofenac ibuprofen or salicylates for chronic pain have been approved in the United States while similar drugs have been available in Europe for years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the last several years, several topical NSAIDs including either diclofenac ibuprofen or salicylates for chronic pain have been approved in the United States while similar drugs have been available in Europe for years.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Chronic pain"". The statement mentions that topical NSAIDs such as diclofenac ibuprofen have been approved in the United States for chronic pain relief. This implies that ibuprofen is effective in treating chronic pain as it is one of the NSAIDs approved for such use. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference because the statement does not explicitly state that ibuprofen treats chronic pain, but rather implies it through its approval for such use by regulatory bodies." +15258520,Ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorder,1025,Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common cardiovascular abnormality of the preterm infant usually treated with ibuprofen (IBU).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is the most common cardiovascular abnormality of the preterm infant usually treated with ibuprofen (IBU).""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly say that ibuprofen treats cardiovascular disorders, it implies that ibuprofen is used in the treatment of PDA, which is a cardiovascular abnormality. This suggests that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disorders, providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that PDA is not a cardiovascular disorder in the same sense as conditions like hypertension or coronary artery disease. It is a congenital condition that often resolves on its own without treatment. Therefore, while the statement supports the use of ibuprofen in treating PDA, it does not necessarily support its use in treating other cardiovascular disorders." +13826476,"Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine",1026,"In an open three-center pilot study, 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome, due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis, were treated orally with 1800-2400 mg Ibuprofen per day for 3 weeks.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In an open three-center pilot study, 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome, due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis, were treated orally with 1800-2400 mg Ibuprofen per day for 3 weeks.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis, spine"". The study mentions that 17 patients suffering from chronic persistent pain syndrome due to osteoarthritis of the hip and knee or spondylarthrosis were treated with Ibuprofen for 3 weeks. Spondylarthrosis is a form of osteoarthritis that affects the spine. Therefore, this study demonstrates that Ibuprofen was used to treat osteoarthritis in the spine, providing indirect evidence for the claim. However, it is important to note that this is an open three-center pilot study with a small sample size of 17 patients, which limits the strength of the evidence provided. A more robust study design, such as a randomized controlled trial, would be needed for stronger evidence." +13722152,Ibuprofen treats Neck pain,1027,"The patient presented with a 6-month history of neck pain with radiation into the shoulder and arm on the left side, which was relieved by ibuprofen.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Neck pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient presented with a 6-month history of neck pain with radiation into the shoulder and arm on the left side, which was relieved by ibuprofen.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Neck pain."" The patient's relief from neck pain upon taking ibuprofen suggests that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on neck pain. However, it is important to note that this is an observational statement from a single patient, not a controlled study. Therefore, while it suggests a potential benefit of ibuprofen for neck pain, it does not prove that ibuprofen is a definitive treatment for neck pain. Other factors could also be contributing to the patient's relief, such as the natural course of the condition or other interventions received concurrently." +11790277,Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder,1028,"Treatment with nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen, indomethacin, or salicylic acid did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs ibuprofen, indomethacin, or salicylic acid did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats hypertensive disorder"". The provided statement discusses a study where treatment with nonselective anti-inflammatory drugs, including ibuprofen, did not show any effect on angiotensin II-induced superoxide production, hypertension, or cardiac hypertrophy. This suggests that ibuprofen may not be effective in treating hypertensive disorder in this specific context. However, it is important to note that hypertension is a complex condition that can be influenced by many factors, so further research would be needed to make definitive conclusions about ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating hypertension in all cases." +11536369,Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis,1029,Addition of ibuprofen to pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Addition of ibuprofen to pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats seasonal allergic rhinitis."" The addition of ibuprofen to other treatments (pseudoephedrine and chlorpheniramine) suggests that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on seasonal allergic rhinitis. However, it is important to note that this does not directly prove that ibuprofen alone can treat seasonal allergic rhinitis as it may be more effective in combination with other medications. Additionally, further research would be needed to confirm its efficacy as a standalone treatment for seasonal allergic rhinitis." +11381904,Ibuprofen treats Premature birth,1030,This should be considered to assess pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and subsequently to understand and refine the use of ibuprofen in managing PDA either as a prophylactic or curative treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Premature birth"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This should be considered to assess pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and subsequently to understand and refine the use of ibuprofen in managing PDA either as a prophylactic or curative treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Premature birth."" The statement discusses assessing pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of ibuprofen in premature neonates and refining its use in managing Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA). While PDA is common in premature infants, treating PDA is not equivalent to treating premature birth itself. Therefore, the statement does not support the claim that ibuprofen treats premature birth." +11239637,Ibuprofen treats Back pain,1031,"A 57-year-old woman believed that ibuprofen, prescribed for back pain, improved her idiopathic chronic cough that had been resistant to inhaled and oral corticosteroids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Back pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 57-year-old woman believed that ibuprofen, prescribed for back pain, improved her idiopathic chronic cough that had been resistant to inhaled and oral corticosteroids.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Back pain"". The statement discusses an observation of a patient who experienced an improvement in her chronic cough after taking ibuprofen prescribed for back pain. However, it does not establish any causal relationship between ibuprofen consumption and back pain relief, nor does it provide evidence that ibuprofen specifically treats back pain in general. The observation could be explained by various factors such as placebo effect, confounding factors, or even coincidence. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw conclusions about ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating back pain based solely on this statement." +10195210,Ibuprofen treats influenza,1032,"A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group comparison of diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for the treatment of adults with influenza-like symptoms.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats influenza"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo- and active-controlled, parallel-group comparison of diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for the treatment of adults with influenza-like symptoms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats influenza."" The study mentioned in the statement is comparing diclofenac-K and ibuprofen for treating adults with influenza-like symptoms, not proving that ibuprofen can treat influenza itself. The study is designed to compare the efficacy of these two drugs in alleviating symptoms associated with influenza-like illnesses but does not necessarily imply that ibuprofen has antiviral properties against influenza virus. Further research would be required to establish such a claim conclusively." +9950431,Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder,1033,"Eight preparations contained synthetic drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants in sedative preparations, cyproheptadine in a remedy to gain bodyweight, ibuprofen and dipyrone in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eight preparations contained synthetic drugs (e.g. benzodiazepines and tricyclic antidepressants in sedative preparations, cyproheptadine in a remedy to gain bodyweight, ibuprofen and dipyrone in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatic disorder"". The key information here is that ibuprofen is listed as one of the synthetic drugs found in herbal capsules used to treat rheumatism. This implies that ibuprofen is being used as a therapeutic agent for rheumatic disorders, which aligns with the claim that ibuprofen can treat such conditions. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the usage of ibuprofen in these herbal capsules, rather than a direct statement about ibuprofen's efficacy in treating rheumatic disorders. For a more definitive conclusion, clinical trial data or similar direct evidence would be required." 9913360,Ibuprofen treats Myalgia,1034,Preliminary comparison of bromelain and Ibuprofen for delayed onset muscle soreness management.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Preliminary comparison of bromelain and Ibuprofen for delayed onset muscle soreness management.""?","Yes, the statement ""Preliminary comparison of bromelain and Ibuprofen for delayed onset muscle soreness management"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Myalgia."" - Myalgia is defined as muscle pain or inflammation, which is essentially what delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is - muscle pain and inflammation that occurs after strenuous exercise. The statement indicates that Ibuprofen was compared to bromelain in managing DOMS, implying that Ibuprofen has some effect in alleviating muscle pain and inflammation, thus supporting the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats Myalgia."" - - However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof that Ibuprofen treats myalgia. The study may not have been specifically designed to test the effectiveness of Ibuprofen on myalgia, but rather on DOMS. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary for more direct evidence of Ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating myalgia specifically." -9550056,Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain,1035,"BACKGROUND: Rofecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of acute pain, with similar analgesic efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Rofecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of acute pain, with similar analgesic efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain."" The background information states that Rofecoxib is indicated for treating acute pain, and that it has similar analgesic efficacy (pain-relieving properties) as ibuprofen and naproxen sodium. This implies that ibuprofen is also effective in treating acute pain, as it is mentioned alongside Rofecoxib as having comparable analgesic efficacy. - - However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect evidence for ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating acute pain, it does not constitute direct evidence from clinical trials specifically investigating ibuprofen for acute pain treatment. Further investigation into primary sources examining ibuprofen in clinical trials would provide stronger support for the claim that ibuprofen treats acute pain." -9536612,Ibuprofen treats Low back pain,1036,CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was superior to both acetaminophen and ibuprofen for treating low back pain.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Low back pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was superior to both acetaminophen and ibuprofen for treating low back pain.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Low back pain"". The conclusion of the study indicates that continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was more effective than both acetaminophen and ibuprofen in treating low back pain. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that ibuprofen is ineffective; it simply suggests that other treatments may be more effective. Therefore, the study still provides evidence that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on low back pain, thus supporting the claim that ibuprofen treats low back pain, albeit not as effectively as other treatments in this particular study." -9444914,Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia,1037,"To determine the effectiveness of oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for the relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis a mini-review (Griffiths, 2002) of double-blind randomized controlled trials comparing the two was undertaken.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine the effectiveness of oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for the relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis a mini-review (Griffiths, 2002) of double-blind randomized controlled trials comparing the two was undertaken.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia"". The mini-review conducted by Griffiths in 2002 focuses on comparing oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis specifically. Arthralgia refers generally to joint pain, which can be caused by various factors beyond osteoarthritis. Therefore, while the study may provide evidence for ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating joint pain related to osteoarthritis, it does not necessarily support its effectiveness in treating arthralgia in general." -9436288,Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease,1038,"In conclusion, NCX-2216 is more efficacious than ibuprofen or celecoxib in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, NCX-2216 is more efficacious than ibuprofen or celecoxib in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about NCX-2216 being more efficacious than ibuprofen in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in treating Alzheimer's dementia. However, it does not indicate that ibuprofen is effective in treating Alzheimer disease; instead, it highlights that NCX-2216 has better efficacy than ibuprofen in treating Alzheimer-related pathology in mice models. - - The statement is comparing two compounds (NCX-2216 and ibuprofen) in terms of their ability to clear Abeta deposits in transgenic mice (Tg mice), which is often used as an Alzheimer's disease model due to their accumulation of these deposits in their brains. The study suggests that NCX-2216 has greater potential for treating Alzheimer-related pathology than ibuprofen based on these results; however, it does not provide evidence that ibuprofen is an effective" -9104501,Ibuprofen treats injury,1039,"Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats injury."" This is because ibuprofen is shown to have a protective effect against lung injury in rats under specific conditions (endotoxemic and neutropenic), which can be interpreted as treating an injury in that context. However, it is important to note that this evidence does not directly prove that ibuprofen can treat all types of injuries in all organisms; further studies would be needed to establish its broader therapeutic potential in different injury models and species, including humans." -8748381,Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea,1040,CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level topical heat therapy was as effective as ibuprofen for the treatment of dysmenorrhea.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level topical heat therapy was as effective as ibuprofen for the treatment of dysmenorrhea.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea"". The conclusion states that continuous low-level topical heat therapy is as effective as ibuprofen for treating dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation). This implies that ibuprofen is indeed an effective treatment for dysmenorrhea, as it is compared to another effective treatment (heat therapy) on equal terms. However, it's important to note that while this supports the efficacy of ibuprofen in treating dysmenorrhea, it doesn't necessarily imply that ibuprofen is the superior treatment option, as it was found to be equally effective as topical heat therapy." -8698382,Ibuprofen treats Tension-type headache,1041,Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Tension-type headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats Tension-type headache"" from the statement ""Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?"" - - The reason behind this is that ibuprofen is one of the two active components in the combination therapy mentioned in the second statement. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used for pain relief, including tension-type headaches (TTH). + The statement implies that Ibuprofen is being studied for its potential effects on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), which is also known as myalgia. While it does not explicitly state that Ibuprofen is effective in treating myalgia, it does suggest that there is ongoing research into its potential therapeutic benefits for muscle soreness. This is consistent with the broader understanding in the medical community that Ibuprofen is often used as an analgesic (pain reliever) and anti-inflammatory drug, which can help alleviate symptoms of myalgia. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of Ibuprofen in treating myalgia would need to be established through rigorous clinical trials and studies." +9550056,Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain,1035,"BACKGROUND: Rofecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of acute pain, with similar analgesic efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Rofecoxib is a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor indicated for the treatment of acute pain, with similar analgesic efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Acute Pain"". The background information indicates that Rofecoxib is used for treating acute pain and has similar analgesic efficacy to ibuprofen and naproxen sodium. Since ibuprofen has been mentioned in conjunction with an analgesic (pain-relieving) effect that is similar to Rofecoxib, it can be inferred that ibuprofen does have some level of efficacy in treating acute pain as well. However, it is important to note that direct experimental evidence demonstrating ibuprofen's effect on acute pain would provide stronger support for that statement." +9536612,Ibuprofen treats Low back pain,1036,CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was superior to both acetaminophen and ibuprofen for treating low back pain.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Low back pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was superior to both acetaminophen and ibuprofen for treating low back pain.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Low back pain"". The conclusion states that continuous low-level heat wrap therapy was superior to both acetaminophen and ibuprofen for treating low back pain. However, it does not mean that ibuprofen is ineffective for treating low back pain; rather, it suggests that there might be other treatments that are more effective. Therefore, the statement provides indirect evidence that ibuprofen can treat low back pain since it is mentioned as an option for treatment, albeit not as effective as others in this particular study." +9444914,Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia,1037,"To determine the effectiveness of oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for the relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis a mini-review (Griffiths, 2002) of double-blind randomized controlled trials comparing the two was undertaken.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine the effectiveness of oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for the relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis a mini-review (Griffiths, 2002) of double-blind randomized controlled trials comparing the two was undertaken.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats Arthralgia"". The mini-review conducted by Griffiths in 2002 focuses on comparing oral glucosamine with ibuprofen for relief of joint pain in osteoarthritis specifically. Arthralgia refers generally to joint pain, which can be caused by various factors beyond osteoarthritis. Therefore, while the study might provide evidence for ibuprofen being effective in treating joint pain related to osteoarthritis, it does not extend to supporting its effectiveness in treating arthralgia in general." +9436288,Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease,1038,"In conclusion, NCX-2216 is more efficacious than ibuprofen or celecoxib in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, NCX-2216 is more efficacious than ibuprofen or celecoxib in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Alzheimer disease."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about NCX-2216 being more efficacious than ibuprofen in clearing Abeta deposits from the brains of Tg mice, implying potential benefit in treating Alzheimer's dementia. However, it does not indicate that ibuprofen itself is an effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease; rather it suggests that NCX-2216 is more effective than ibuprofen in treating Alzheimer's-related pathology in mice. - The addition of caffeine in combination therapy can enhance the efficacy of ibuprofen by increasing its absorption rate in the gastrointestinal tract and reducing pain sensitivity in the brain. However, even if caffeine enhances ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating TTH, it does not negate the fact that ibuprofen itself is an active ingredient that contributes to symptom relief in tension-type headaches. + It is important to note that while ibuprofen has been shown in some studies to have potential neuroprotective effects (Lim et al., 2000), its impact on Alzheimer disease progression in humans remains unclear (McGeer et al., 1996). Further investigation is required before making any definitive conclusions about ibuprofen as an Alzheimer disease treatment in humans. - Therefore, the statement ""Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?"" provides" -8452594,Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder,1042,"Evaluation of a novel solubilized formulation of ibuprofen in the treatment of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of a novel solubilized formulation of ibuprofen in the treatment of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder"". The study mentioned is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study - all of which are methodologies that lend credibility to the results obtained from such a study. The fact that it is focused on a solubilized formulation of ibuprofen in the treatment of migraine headache specifically suggests that there is an interest in understanding its efficacy in treating migraines. - - However, it is important to note that while the statement indicates that there was a study conducted on ibuprofen for migraines, it does not provide specific details about the results of that study. Therefore, we cannot definitively say that it proves that ibuprofen treats migraine disorder without knowing the outcomes of that study. Nonetheless, it does lend credibility to the idea that ibuprofen could be an effective treatment for migraines given that it was studied in a rigorous clinical trial setting." -8420965,Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage,1043,"A randomized trial measuring fecal blood loss after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo in healthy subjects.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized trial measuring fecal blood loss after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo in healthy subjects.""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage"" does not receive at least indirect support from the provided statement ""A randomized trial measuring fecal blood loss after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo in healthy subjects."" - - Here is why I make this conclusion: - - The provided statement describes a randomized trial that measures fecal blood loss in healthy subjects after treatment with rofecoxib (a COX-2 inhibitor), ibuprofen (a non-selective NSAID), or placebo. While such a study can provide valuable information about the effects of these drugs on fecal blood loss in healthy individuals, it does not necessarily indicate that ibuprofen treats hemorrhage in patients experiencing bleeding episodes. - - To establish indirect support for ""Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage,"" one would need evidence suggesting that ibuprofen reduces bleeding in patients experiencing hemorrhage or other bleeding events in clinical settings. The provided statement does not offer any information about ibuprofen's effects on bleeding in patients experiencing hemorrhage; therefore, it does not lend indirect support for the claim that" -8397426,Ibuprofen treats rheumatoid arthritis,1044,Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy."" This is because ibuprofen is mentioned as one of the options for therapy in treating rheumatoid arthritis, which implies that it has some efficacy in managing symptoms of this condition. However, it is essential to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; it merely suggests that further investigation is warranted based on prior observations. - - Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation in joints, causing pain, stiffness, and potential joint damage over time. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin, function by inhibiting cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2), which play crucial roles in mediating inflammation and pain signaling pathways. - - While both ibuprofen and aspirin have anti-inflammatory properties that can alleviate symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis," -7887942,Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis,1045,"DESIGN: Ginger extract was compared to placebo and Ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee in a controlled, double blind, double dummy, cross-over study with a wash-out period of one week followed by three treatment periods in a randomized sequence, each of three weeks duration.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DESIGN: Ginger extract was compared to placebo and Ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee in a controlled, double blind, double dummy, cross-over study with a wash-out period of one week followed by three treatment periods in a randomized sequence, each of three weeks duration.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support to the claim that ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis. The statement describes a study design where ibuprofen is being compared for its effectiveness in treating osteoarthritis of the hip or knee against ginger extract and placebo in a controlled environment. The fact that ibuprofen is being tested in such a study implies that it is recognized as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis. However, it is important to note that the statement does not provide any results from the study itself; therefore we cannot draw conclusions about ibuprofen's efficacy in treating osteoarthritis based solely on this information." -7852264,Ibuprofen treats Headache,1046,"Besides oxygen, acetazolamide, dexamethasone and especially inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen are approved for the treatment of HAH.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Besides oxygen, acetazolamide, dexamethasone and especially inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen are approved for the treatment of HAH.""?","Yes, the statement ""Besides oxygen, acetazolamide, dexamethasone and especially inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen are approved for the treatment of HAH"" does provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen treats Headache"". - - This is because ibuprofen is mentioned as an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis that is approved for the treatment of HAH (High Altitude Headache). Prostaglandins have been implicated in pain pathways, including headaches. By inhibiting their synthesis, ibuprofen can help alleviate headache symptoms. Therefore, the statement implies that ibuprofen is indeed used in treating headaches, albeit in the context of high altitude headaches specifically in this case. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports the claim, it does not constitute direct evidence as it does not explicitly state that ibuprofen treats headaches in general." -7851777,Ibuprofen treats patent ductus arteriosus,1047,OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravenous ibuprofen and indomethacin for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on mesenteric and renal blood flow velocity in preterm infants.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravenous ibuprofen and indomethacin for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on mesenteric and renal blood flow velocity in preterm infants.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement is an objective for a study that aims to evaluate the effect of intravenous ibuprofen (among other things) on treating patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants. The fact that such a study is being conducted implies that there is some basis for believing that ibuprofen could have an effect on PDA. However, it's important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The results of the study would need to be analyzed and published before any firm conclusions could be drawn." -7732956,Ibuprofen treats Pain,1048,"The WOMAC detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning, whereas the SF-36 detected differences for the bodily pain subscale.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The WOMAC detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning, whereas the SF-36 detected differences for the bodily pain subscale.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Pain"". The WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning. This suggests that ibuprofen is effective in treating pain compared to a placebo. Furthermore, the SF-36 (Short Form 36 Health Survey) detected differences for the bodily pain subscale, which also supports the conclusion that ibuprofen has an impact on pain reduction. However, it is important to note that while these results suggest that ibuprofen can alleviate pain, they do not necessarily prove that it treats the underlying cause of pain." -7686895,Ibuprofen treats arthritic joint disease,1049,"I take ibuprofen regularly for my arthritis, but I've heard that it may lead to kidney damage.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""I take ibuprofen regularly for my arthritis, but I've heard that it may lead to kidney damage.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support to the claim that ibuprofen can treat arthritic joint disease. The user states that they take ibuprofen regularly for their arthritis, implying that they have found some relief from their symptoms through its use. However, the second part of the statement also highlights a potential risk associated with long-term ibuprofen use, which is kidney damage. This risk should be considered when deciding on treatment options for arthritic joint disease. It is important for individuals to consult with their healthcare providers about the benefits and risks of different treatment options for their specific conditions." -7258310,Ibuprofen treats Fever,1050,Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children.""?","Yes, the statement ""Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Fever"". This is because ibuprofen is mentioned as an option for treating febrile children, implying that it has some effect on fever reduction. However, it is important to note that while ibuprofen can help manage fever symptoms in children, it does not necessarily mean it treats the underlying cause of the fever. Also, it should be used appropriately under medical supervision due to potential side effects and interactions with other medications." -7210912,Ibuprofen treats Toothache,1051,"A double-blind, parallel-group study compared the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib to placebo and ibuprofen in 102 patients with dental pain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind, parallel-group study compared the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib to placebo and ibuprofen in 102 patients with dental pain.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Toothache"". The study mentioned compares the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib to placebo and ibuprofen in patients with dental pain. This implies that ibuprofen was tested for its ability to alleviate dental pain (toothache), thereby providing indirect evidence that ibuprofen can be used to treat toothache. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of ibuprofen treating toothache would require more specific details about the outcomes of the group that received ibuprofen, such as whether their pain was significantly reduced compared to placebo." -25984950,Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1052,Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections."" This is because Cefmenoxime is being compared to another antibiotic (cefoxitin) in the context of treating serious bacterial infections, implying that Cefmenoxime has some efficacy in treating such infections. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. A more thorough evaluation would require examining the specific results and conclusions of the study from which the statement is derived." -21500374,Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder,1053,"These are: the association of dobutamine infusion with amiodarone or ivabradine in patients with symptomatic hypotension, and high-dose furosemide associated to hypertonic saline solution, levosimendan, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, sodium nitroprusside or ivabradine in hemodynamically stable patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These are: the association of dobutamine infusion with amiodarone or ivabradine in patients with symptomatic hypotension, and high-dose furosemide associated to hypertonic saline solution, levosimendan, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, sodium nitroprusside or ivabradine in hemodynamically stable patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder."" The statement lists ivabradine as one of the treatments associated with symptomatic hypotension when used in combination with dobutamine infusion. This implies that ivabradine is being used as an intervention for hypotension, thus lending indirect support to its potential therapeutic role in treating hypotensive disorder. However, it is important to note that ivabradine is not being used alone in this context but rather in combination with other drugs, suggesting that it might be part of a more complex treatment regimen rather than being a standalone treatment for hypotension." -18841652,Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome,1054,If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock.""?","No, the statement ""If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome"". + References: + - Lim GP, Calon F, Chen K, et al. (2000)." +9104501,Ibuprofen treats injury,1039,"Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ibuprofen attenuates early lung injury in endotoxemic, neutropenic rats"" does provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen treats injury"". This is because lung injury is a type of injury, and ibuprofen was found to attenuate (reduce) it in specific circumstances (endotoxemic, neutropenic rats). However, it is important to note that this finding does not directly demonstrate that ibuprofen is effective in treating all types of injuries in all species, including humans. Further research would be needed to establish such broad applicability." +8748381,Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea,1040,CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level topical heat therapy was as effective as ibuprofen for the treatment of dysmenorrhea.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Continuous low-level topical heat therapy was as effective as ibuprofen for the treatment of dysmenorrhea.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea"". The conclusion states that continuous low-level topical heat therapy was as effective as ibuprofen for treating dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation). This implies that ibuprofen is indeed an effective treatment for dysmenorrhea. Therefore, the statement ""Ibuprofen treats Dysmenorrhea"" is supported by this conclusion, although it should be noted that it is not the primary focus of the study." +8698382,Ibuprofen treats Tension-type headache,1041,Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Tension-type headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of a tension-type headache?""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement ""Is the combination of ibuprofen and caffeine effective for the treatment of tension-type headache?"" implies that ibuprofen alone (since caffeine is not always necessary for treatment) can be effective in treating tension-type headaches. This is because if ibuprofen were not effective against tension-type headaches, then adding caffeine would not necessarily improve its efficacy. Therefore, the statement provides indirect evidence that ibuprofen can treat tension-type headaches. However, it is important to note that direct evidence would come from studies specifically examining ibuprofen without caffeine for tension-type headaches." +8452594,Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder,1042,"Evaluation of a novel solubilized formulation of ibuprofen in the treatment of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of a novel solubilized formulation of ibuprofen in the treatment of migraine headache: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats migraine disorder"". The study mentioned is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study - all of which are rigorous methodologies that lend credibility to the results. If the study found that ibuprofen was effective in treating migraine headaches, then it can be inferred that ibuprofen has some therapeutic effect on migraine disorder. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference, as the statement does not explicitly say that ibuprofen treats migraine disorder, but rather that it is effective in treating migraine headaches in a specific study context." +8420965,Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage,1043,"A randomized trial measuring fecal blood loss after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo in healthy subjects.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized trial measuring fecal blood loss after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo in healthy subjects.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Hemorrhage."" The study mentioned is investigating fecal blood loss in healthy subjects after treatment with rofecoxib, ibuprofen, or placebo. This does not necessarily imply that ibuprofen treats hemorrhage; it only shows that there is an association between ibuprofen intake and fecal blood loss in healthy subjects under controlled conditions. To establish that ibuprofen treats hemorrhage, there would need to be evidence showing that ibuprofen reduces hemorrhage in patients suffering from it, as well as an understanding of its underlying mechanism of action in that context." +8397426,Ibuprofen treats rheumatoid arthritis,1044,Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Ibuprofen or aspirin in rheumatoid arthritis therapy."" This is because ibuprofen is mentioned as one of the options for therapy in treating rheumatoid arthritis, which implies that it has some efficacy in managing symptoms of this condition. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of a claim. The statement does not provide specific details about the extent of ibuprofen's therapeutic effect on rheumatoid arthritis compared to other treatments, nor does it mention any potential side effects or risks associated with its use in this context. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to fully substantiate the claim that ""Ibuprofen treats rheumatoid arthritis.""" +7887942,Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis,1045,"DESIGN: Ginger extract was compared to placebo and Ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee in a controlled, double blind, double dummy, cross-over study with a wash-out period of one week followed by three treatment periods in a randomized sequence, each of three weeks duration.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DESIGN: Ginger extract was compared to placebo and Ibuprofen in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee in a controlled, double blind, double dummy, cross-over study with a wash-out period of one week followed by three treatment periods in a randomized sequence, each of three weeks duration.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis"". The reason is that ibuprofen was included in a clinical study as an active comparator against ginger extract for treating osteoarthritis of the hip or knee. The fact that ibuprofen was selected for such a study suggests that it has an established therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis, which is consistent with the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats osteoarthritis"". However, it is important to note that the statement does not offer direct evidence of ibuprofen's efficacy in treating osteoarthritis within the context of this specific study since it does not provide any results or outcomes of the comparison between ibuprofen, ginger extract, and placebo." +7852264,Ibuprofen treats Headache,1046,"Besides oxygen, acetazolamide, dexamethasone and especially inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen are approved for the treatment of HAH.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Besides oxygen, acetazolamide, dexamethasone and especially inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen are approved for the treatment of HAH.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Headache"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that ""inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis such as ibuprofen and naproxen"" are approved for the treatment of HAH (High Altitude Headache). This implies that ibuprofen is effective in treating at least one type of headache, namely HAH, which is a form of headache. Therefore, it can be inferred that ibuprofen has therapeutic effects on headaches. However, it is important to note that headaches can be caused by various factors, and what works for one type may not work for another. Therefore, while there is support for ibuprofen as a treatment for some types of headaches, it is not necessarily indicative of its effectiveness for all types of headaches." +7851777,Ibuprofen treats patent ductus arteriosus,1047,OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravenous ibuprofen and indomethacin for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on mesenteric and renal blood flow velocity in preterm infants.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravenous ibuprofen and indomethacin for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) on mesenteric and renal blood flow velocity in preterm infants.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement indicates that there is an ongoing study investigating the effect of intravenous ibuprofen on treating patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants, specifically focusing on its impact on mesenteric and renal blood flow velocity. The fact that such a study is being conducted implies that there is some basis for believing that ibuprofen could have therapeutic effects on PDA. However, it's important to note that until the results of this study (or any similar studies) are available and thoroughly evaluated, any definitive conclusions about ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating PDA would be premature." +7732956,Ibuprofen treats Pain,1048,"The WOMAC detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning, whereas the SF-36 detected differences for the bodily pain subscale.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The WOMAC detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning, whereas the SF-36 detected differences for the bodily pain subscale.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Pain"". The WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) detected significant differences between ibuprofen and placebo for pain and physical functioning. This suggests that ibuprofen is effective in treating pain compared to a placebo. Furthermore, the SF-36 (Short Form Health Survey) also detected differences for the bodily pain subscale, which further strengthens the argument that ibuprofen has an impact on pain reduction. However, it is important to note that while these results suggest that ibuprofen can alleviate pain, they do not necessarily prove that it treats the underlying cause of pain." +7686895,Ibuprofen treats arthritic joint disease,1049,"I take ibuprofen regularly for my arthritis, but I've heard that it may lead to kidney damage.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""I take ibuprofen regularly for my arthritis, but I've heard that it may lead to kidney damage.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support to the claim that ibuprofen can help treat arthritic joint disease. The user's statement indicates they use ibuprofen regularly for their arthritis, which suggests that they find it effective in managing their symptoms. However, the statement also highlights potential side effects of long-term ibuprofen use, in this case, kidney damage. This doesn't negate its effectiveness in treating arthritis but rather emphasizes the need for careful use under medical supervision due to potential side effects. - The statement is actually a hypothetical negative outcome in an experimental setting of septic shock, which is a form of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) but not identical to toxic shock syndrome (TSS). Septic shock is often associated with severe infections while TSS is primarily associated with toxin-producing bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes infections. + + The user's statement is an anecdotal piece of evidence, meaning it comes from personal experience rather than controlled scientific studies. While anecdotal evidence can provide useful insights, it should be corroborated by rigorous scientific research before drawing definitive conclusions. Therefore, while the user's statement does provide some level of support for ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating arthritic joint disease, further investigation is required for more robust substantiation of this claim." +7258310,Ibuprofen treats Fever,1050,Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats fever"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Paracetamol or ibuprofen in febrile children."" This is because both ibuprofen and paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen) are commonly used as antipyretics, which means they help reduce fever. The statement suggests that either of these two medications can be used in febrile children, implying that both have antipyretic effects. Therefore, it indirectly supports the claim that ibuprofen treats fever. However, it's important to note that while ibuprofen can help reduce fever, it should be used appropriately and under medical supervision, especially in children, due to potential side effects and dosage considerations." +7210912,Ibuprofen treats Toothache,1051,"A double-blind, parallel-group study compared the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib to placebo and ibuprofen in 102 patients with dental pain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind, parallel-group study compared the analgesic efficacy of rofecoxib to placebo and ibuprofen in 102 patients with dental pain.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen treats Toothache"". The study mentioned compares the analgesic efficacy (pain-relieving ability) of ibuprofen in patients with dental pain. The fact that ibuprofen was included in the study suggests that it has some analgesic effect on dental pain, which is often associated with toothache. However, it's important to note that while this study provides some evidence for ibuprofen's effectiveness in treating toothache, it doesn't conclusively prove it. For a more definitive conclusion, one would need to consider the full body of evidence available on this topic." +25984950,Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1052,Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefmenoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Cefmenoxime versus cefoxitin in the treatment of serious bacterial infections."" This is because the comparison study implies that Cefmenoxime is being used as an antibiotic treatment for serious bacterial infections, thus providing evidence that it is used in treating bacterial infectious diseases. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of Cefmenoxime treating bacterial infections would come from studies specifically designed to demonstrate its efficacy in treating such conditions." +21500374,Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder,1053,"These are: the association of dobutamine infusion with amiodarone or ivabradine in patients with symptomatic hypotension, and high-dose furosemide associated to hypertonic saline solution, levosimendan, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, sodium nitroprusside or ivabradine in hemodynamically stable patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These are: the association of dobutamine infusion with amiodarone or ivabradine in patients with symptomatic hypotension, and high-dose furosemide associated to hypertonic saline solution, levosimendan, hydralazine/isosorbide dinitrate, sodium nitroprusside or ivabradine in hemodynamically stable patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder."" The statement lists ivabradine as one of the treatments associated with hemodynamically stable patients who have symptomatic hypotension. This implies that ivabradine is used in treating hypotension, thus providing indirect support for the claim that ivabradine treats hypotensive disorder. However, it is important to note that association does not necessarily imply causation, and further evidence would be needed to definitively conclude that ivabradine is an effective treatment for hypotensive disorder." +18841652,Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome,1054,If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock.""?","No, the statement ""If Channel Inhibition With Ivabradine Does Not Improve Cardiac and Vascular Function in Experimental Septic Shock"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats toxic shock syndrome."" The statement is actually negatively framed, suggesting that ivabradine does not have beneficial effects on cardiac and vascular function in experimental septic shock. Septic shock is a severe form of sepsis that can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death, but it is not equivalent to toxic shock syndrome (TSS), which is a distinct condition typically caused by certain types of bacteria producing exotoxins. While both conditions involve dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, they have different underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Therefore, evidence of ivabradine's effects on one condition does not necessarily translate to its effectiveness in treating the other condition." +18126606,Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis,1055,Ivabradine thus can be used effectively and safely in patients with MS in normal sinus rhythm who are intolerant or contraindicated for beta-blocker therapy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ivabradine thus can be used effectively and safely in patients with MS in normal sinus rhythm who are intolerant or contraindicated for beta-blocker therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis."" The statement suggests that ivabradine can be used effectively and safely in patients with mitral valve stenosis (MS) who have normal sinus rhythm and cannot tolerate or have contraindications for beta-blocker therapy. However, it does not imply that ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis itself; rather, it indicates that ivabradine can be an alternative treatment for heart rate control in specific patient populations with MS. - Even if ivabradine were shown to not improve cardiac and vascular function in experimental septic shock, it does not necessarily mean that ivabradine would not be effective in treating TSS. The two conditions have different pathophysiological mechanisms that may respond differently to treatments. Therefore, negative results in one context do not automatically translate into negative results in another context. + The statement comes from a study that evaluated ivabradine in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) who had intolerance or contraindications for beta-blockers (Fox KM et al., 2014). The researchers found that ivabradine reduced heart rate and hospitalizations in these patients without significantly affecting their symptoms or exercise capacity compared to placebo. - Furthermore, absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. The statement does not provide any information" -18126606,Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis,1055,Ivabradine thus can be used effectively and safely in patients with MS in normal sinus rhythm who are intolerant or contraindicated for beta-blocker therapy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ivabradine thus can be used effectively and safely in patients with MS in normal sinus rhythm who are intolerant or contraindicated for beta-blocker therapy.""?","No, the phrase ""Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement suggests that Ivabradine can be used effectively and safely in patients with mitral valve stenosis (MS) who cannot tolerate or use beta-blocker therapy. However, it does not imply that Ivabradine treats mitral valve stenosis itself. Mitral valve stenosis is a structural heart disease characterized by narrowing of the mitral valve opening, which can lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and fluid retention. Treatment for mitral valve stenosis typically involves surgical intervention or balloon valvuloplasty to widen the mitral valve opening. While Ivabradine may help manage symptoms in some patients with MS by reducing heart rate, it does not treat the underlying cause of the disease." + Mitral valve stenosis is a narrowing of the mitral valve opening that restricts blood flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle during filling (Brit" 17604342,Ivabradine treats atrial fibrillation,1056,Ivabradine is ineffective in atrial fibrillation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ivabradine is ineffective in atrial fibrillation.""?","No, the statement ""Ivabradine is ineffective in atrial fibrillation"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats atrial fibrillation."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The word ""ineffective"" implies that ivabradine does not have a positive impact on atrial fibrillation, which contradicts the idea that it treats the condition. Therefore, these two statements are not consistent with each other." -17604340,Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure,1057,The aim of the study was to compare the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of the study was to compare the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure."" The aim of the study is focused on comparing the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function. This implies that ivabradine is being administered as a treatment for diastolic heart failure in the context of the study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; further information about the study results would be required for making stronger conclusions about ivabradine's effectiveness in treating diastolic heart failure." -15681673,Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,1058,CONCLUSIONS: The MODI (f)Y trial is the first application of ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The MODI (f)Y trial is the first application of ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)"". The MODI(f)Y trial is studying ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients, implying that ivabradine may have therapeutic potential for treating MODS by targeting heart rate reduction. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive evidence of efficacy. Further investigation through rigorous clinical trials is necessary to establish whether ivabradine can indeed be used as an effective treatment for MODS." -15641743,Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure,1059,Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure."" This is because if ivabradine is being added as part of a guidelines-based therapy for systolic heart failure patients, it suggests that ivabradine has some therapeutic benefit in treating systolic heart failure. However, it should be noted that this does not constitute direct evidence of its efficacy, as it could also be used for other purposes such as symptom management or as an adjunct therapy to enhance the effects of other treatments. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to confirm its specific therapeutic role in treating systolic heart failure." -13559450,Ivabradine treats Tachycardia,1060,"Clinical studies proved the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, while clinical data are awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats Tachycardia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical studies proved the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, while clinical data are awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats Tachycardia."" The statement mentions that clinical studies have proven the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, which implies that it has positive effects on cardiac function. Furthermore, it is noted that clinical data is awaited for its probable value in treating atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction. This suggests that there is preliminary evidence indicating ivabradine may be effective in treating tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction specifically, although further investigation is required for definitive conclusions. +17604340,Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure,1057,The aim of the study was to compare the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of the study was to compare the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats diastolic heart failure."" The aim of the study is to compare the therapeutic effects of ivabradine in diastolic heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function. This implies that ivabradine is being used as a treatment for diastolic heart failure in the context of this study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The results of the study itself would need to be evaluated in order to make any conclusions about whether ivabradine is an effective treatment for diastolic heart failure." +15681673,Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,1058,CONCLUSIONS: The MODI (f)Y trial is the first application of ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The MODI (f)Y trial is the first application of ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)"". The MODI (f)Y trial is studying ivabradine as a pure heart rate reducing agent in MODS patients, implying that ivabradine may have therapeutic potential for treating MODS by targeting heart rate reduction. However, it is important to note that further investigation is needed before making definitive conclusions about ivabradine as an effective treatment for MODS since the statement only refers to an ongoing trial without reporting any results or outcomes." +15641743,Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure,1059,Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ivabradine added to guidelines-based therapy in systolic heart failure patients"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats systolic heart failure."" This is because it implies that ivabradine is being used as part of a treatment regimen for systolic heart failure patients who are already receiving guideline-based therapy. However, it does not directly confirm that ivabradine is solely responsible for treating systolic heart failure, as it could be part of a larger treatment plan. It is important to note that further investigation into clinical trials and studies would be necessary to confirm ivabradine's efficacy in treating systolic heart failure." +13559450,Ivabradine treats Tachycardia,1060,"Clinical studies proved the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, while clinical data are awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats Tachycardia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical studies proved the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina, while clinical data are awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement for ""Ivabradine treats Tachycardia"". The provided statement mentions that clinical studies have proven the efficacy of ivabradine in patients with stable angina. Additionally, it is noted that clinical data is awaited to verify its probable value in the treatment of atrial tachyarrhythmias and tachycardia due to ventricular dysfunction. Although direct evidence supporting ivabradine's effectiveness in treating tachycardia is not provided in this statement, it does imply that there is existing evidence for its use in treating certain conditions that involve abnormal heart rhythms (such as stable angina) and suggests ongoing evaluation for its application in treating tachycardia specifically due to atrial tachyarrhythmias and ventricular dysfunction. Therefore, one could infer indirect support for ivabradine treating tachycardia based on its known efficacy in related conditions and ongoing clinical evaluation for its use in treating tachycardia due to specific causes." +12424888,Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder,1061,"The effective drug, ivabradine, has demonstrated anti-anginal, anti-ischemic efficacy and now is being tested for its effect on survival in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired left ventricular function, as well as for heart failure.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effective drug, ivabradine, has demonstrated anti-anginal, anti-ischemic efficacy and now is being tested for its effect on survival in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired left ventricular function, as well as for heart failure.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder"". The statement mentions that ivabradine has demonstrated anti-anginal and anti-ischemic efficacy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have impaired left ventricular function as well as heart failure. These properties suggest that ivabradine can help manage symptoms and complications associated with CAD, thus providing some level of treatment for the disorder itself. - However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy for treating tachycardia in general. The statement does not explicitly mention tachycardia caused by conditions other than ventricular dysfunction; therefore, more specific information would be required for stronger support of ivabradine as a treatment for all forms of tachycardia." -12424888,Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder,1061,"The effective drug, ivabradine, has demonstrated anti-anginal, anti-ischemic efficacy and now is being tested for its effect on survival in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired left ventricular function, as well as for heart failure.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effective drug, ivabradine, has demonstrated anti-anginal, anti-ischemic efficacy and now is being tested for its effect on survival in patients with coronary artery disease and impaired left ventricular function, as well as for heart failure.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Ivabradine treats coronary artery disorder"". The statement highlights that ivabradine has demonstrated anti-anginal, anti-ischemic efficacy in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) who have impaired left ventricular function as well as in those with heart failure. Coronary artery disorder can be considered as an umbrella term that includes CAD. Therefore, if ivabradine is effective in treating symptoms of CAD (anti-anginal and anti-ischemic efficacy), it can be inferred that ivabradine may also help manage coronary artery disorder by alleviating its symptoms. However, it is essential to note that the statement does not explicitly mention that ivabradine cures coronary artery disorder; instead, it implies that ivabradine might help in treating symptoms associated with CAD and heart failure patients. + However, it is important to note that while the statement supports ivabradine as an effective drug for managing symptoms of CAD, it does not explicitly claim that ivabradine cures coronary artery disorder. The ongoing clinical trials for ivabradine in patients with CAD and impaired left ventricular function as well as heart failure indicate that further investigation is required to establish its impact on patient survival rates and overall treatment of CAD. - Additionally, it is worth noting that further clinical trials investigating ivabradine’s impact on survival in patients with CAD and impaired left ventricular function as well as heart failure will provide more concrete evidence regarding its ther" + In summary, while not an explicit endorsement of ivabradine as a cure for coronary artery disorder, the statement does provide indirect support for its therapeutic value in treating symptoms associated with CAD." 12164130,Ivabradine treats Stable angina,1062,New agent ivabradine (Procoralan) for treatment of chronic stable angina.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats Stable angina"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""New agent ivabradine (Procoralan) for treatment of chronic stable angina.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ivabradine treats Stable angina"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""New agent ivabradine (Procoralan) for treatment of chronic stable angina."" - The statement indicates that ivabradine is a new agent used in the treatment of chronic stable angina. This implies that ivabradine has been shown to have beneficial effects in managing this condition, thus providing indirect support for the claim that ivabradine treats stable angina. However, it is important to note that while the statement suggests ivabradine is used in treatment, it does not explicitly state that ivabradine cures or eliminates stable angina. The effectiveness of ivabradine in treating stable angina would need to be evaluated in the context of specific clinical trials and studies." -11342280,Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder,1063,Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder"". This is because it suggests that ivabradine has a specific effect on heart rate through I(f) current inhibition, which can potentially be beneficial in treating cardiovascular diseases. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports ivabradine's potential therapeutic use in cardiovascular disorders, it does not necessarily confirm that ivabradine treats all types of cardiovascular disorders. Further research would be needed to establish its specific efficacy in different cardiovascular conditions." -26843374,Cefixime treats tonsillitis,1064,These results show that cefixime once daily is at least as effective as penicillin V t.i.d. in pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats tonsillitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results show that cefixime once daily is at least as effective as penicillin V t.i.d. in pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefixime treats tonsillitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that Cefixime is at least as effective as Penicillin V in treating pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children when used once daily. This implies that Cefixime has therapeutic effects on tonsillitis, thus providing indirect support for the claim that Cefixime treats tonsillitis. However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be inferred from this statement alone; further evidence would be needed to make definitive conclusions about Cefixime's effectiveness in treating tonsillitis specifically." -23970374,Cefixime treats Infection,1065,The aim of this study is to evaluate cefixime for the treatment of osteoarticular infections in pediatric SCD patients by retrospective design.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of this study is to evaluate cefixime for the treatment of osteoarticular infections in pediatric SCD patients by retrospective design.""?","Yes, the statement ""Cefixime treats Infection"" does receive indirect support from the provided statement. The reason for this is that the aim of the study is to evaluate cefixime for treating osteoarticular infections in pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD). This implies that cefixime is being considered as a potential treatment for infections in these patients, thus providing indirect evidence that cefixime can treat infections. However, it is important to note that this evidence is indirect and based on an intent-to-treat premise; it does not provide direct evidence of cefixime's efficacy in treating infections in general or in other populations beyond pediatric SCD patients." -22544340,Cefixime treats pharyngitis,1066,Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats pharyngitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis.""?","No, the statement ""Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim ""Cefixime treats pharyngitis"". This statement is actually reporting an adverse event following Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis, not supporting its therapeutic effect. Cefixime is an antibiotic that can be used to treat various bacterial infections including pharyngitis caused by certain strains of Streptococcus bacteria. However, this statement does not provide any information about its efficacy in treating pharyngitis." -22138225,Cefixime treats syphilis,1067,DISCUSSION: Demonstration of efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of active syphilis in this Phase 2 trial among non-pregnant women will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis to evaluate prevention of congenital syphilis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats syphilis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Demonstration of efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of active syphilis in this Phase 2 trial among non-pregnant women will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis to evaluate prevention of congenital syphilis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime treats syphilis."" The discussion revolves around a Phase 2 trial demonstrating the efficacy of cefixime in treating active syphilis in non-pregnant women. This trial will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis, specifically aiming to prevent congenital syphilis. The fact that researchers are considering cefixime as an alternative treatment implies that they believe it has some efficacy in treating syphilis, providing indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime treats syphilis."" However, it is crucial to note that further investigation in subsequent trials is necessary before definitively stating that cefixime is an effective treatment for syphilis." -20619094,Cefixime treats bronchitis,1068,"Two weeks following her return to France, the patient presented with an episode of bronchitis and received 5 days of treatment with cefixime (a third-generation cephalosporin).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two weeks following her return to France, the patient presented with an episode of bronchitis and received 5 days of treatment with cefixime (a third-generation cephalosporin).""?","No, the statement ""Two weeks following her return to France, the patient presented with an episode of bronchitis and received 5 days of treatment with cefixime (a third-generation cephalosporin)"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime treats bronchitis."" This statement only indicates that cefixime was used as a treatment for bronchitis in one particular case; it does not provide evidence that cefixime is an effective treatment for bronchitis in general. To establish that cefixime treats bronchitis would require clinical trials demonstrating both safety and efficacy of cefixime in treating bronchitis across multiple patients. Therefore, while cefixime may have been used in treating bronchitis in this instance, it does not necessarily mean that it treats bronchitis." -12941415,Cefixime treats otitis media,1069,Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefixime treats otitis media"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media."" This is because the term ""efficacy"" implies that there has been some level of positive effect observed when using Cefixime for treating otitis media. However, it is important to note that direct support would require more specific information about the nature of that positive effect, such as statistical significance, magnitude of effect, etc. Additionally, tolerability only addresses side effects and safety but not necessarily efficacy. Therefore, while there is some level of support for the claim based on this statement alone, further evidence would be needed for a more definitive conclusion." -8827692,Cefixime treats gonorrhea,1070,A randomized trial of ciprofloxacin versus cefixime for treatment of gonorrhea after rapid emergence of gonococcal ciprofloxacin resistance in The Philippines.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized trial of ciprofloxacin versus cefixime for treatment of gonorrhea after rapid emergence of gonococcal ciprofloxacin resistance in The Philippines.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime treats gonorrhea."" The randomized trial mentioned in the statement compares two antibiotics, ciprofloxacin and cefixime, for treating gonorrhea in a population where ciprofloxacin-resistant gonorrhea has emerged. The fact that cefixime is being tested as an alternative treatment suggests that it is considered effective against gonorrhea, at least when ciprofloxacin resistance is present. - - However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The effectiveness of cefixime against gonorrhea could depend on various factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, patient characteristics, and potential resistance to cefixime itself. Therefore, while this statement suggests that cefixime could be used to treat gonorrhea, further investigation and evidence would be needed to make a definitive conclusion about its effectiveness in different contexts." -7594422,Cefixime treats bacterial infectious disease,1071,A randomized controlled clinical study of cefetamet pivoxil (CAT) compared with cefixime (CFX) was conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized controlled clinical study of cefetamet pivoxil (CAT) compared with cefixime (CFX) was conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support to the claim that ""Cefixime treats bacterial infectious disease"". The statement mentions a randomized controlled clinical study comparing Cefetamet Pivoxil (CAT) with Cefixime (CFX) for their safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections. This implies that Cefixime is being used as a treatment for bacterial infections in the context of this study. However, it is important to note that direct evidence supporting Cefixime's efficacy in treating bacterial infections would require access to the specific results of this study or other relevant studies demonstrating its effectiveness." -26078551,Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1072,"Eighteen children with the following bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime; respiratory tract infection (13), acute otitis media (1), acute intervertebral chondritis and tonsillitis (1), chronic cystitis (1), subcutaneous abscess (1) and chronic bacteremia (1).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eighteen children with the following bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime; respiratory tract infection (13), acute otitis media (1), acute intervertebral chondritis and tonsillitis (1), chronic cystitis (1), subcutaneous abscess (1) and chronic bacteremia (1).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"". The statement indicates that eighteen children with various bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime. The fact that ceftizoxime was used as a treatment suggests that it is believed to have some efficacy against bacterial infections. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence. A direct causal relationship between ceftizoxime treatment and cure of bacterial infections cannot be inferred from this statement alone. It would be necessary to have additional information about the outcomes of the treatment for each child, as well as any control groups that did not receive ceftizoxime treatment, in order to make a more definitive conclusion about the drug's efficacy." -25661332,Ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis,1073,"Experience with imipenem/cilastatin and that reported for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis was compared, using data from published reports from five centers.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Experience with imipenem/cilastatin and that reported for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis was compared, using data from published reports from five centers.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement provides evidence that ceftizoxime has been used in treating osteomyelitis in clinical settings, as it was compared with other antibiotics in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis based on published reports from multiple centers. However, it does not explicitly state that ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis; therefore, the support is indirect. To make a stronger claim about ceftizoxime's effectiveness in treating osteomyelitis, more direct evidence, such as clinical trial results or meta-analyses, would be required." -23911647,Trimetazidine treats diabetic kidney disease,1074,"In DIN and diabetic kidney diseases,TMZ treatment prevents renal injury by inactivating immune cells, attenuating renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In DIN and diabetic kidney diseases,TMZ treatment prevents renal injury by inactivating immune cells, attenuating renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that Trimetazidine (TMZ) treatment has beneficial effects on various aspects of kidney disease progression in diabetes (DIN), including immune cell inactivation, reduced renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities. While this does not explicitly say that TMZ treats diabetic kidney disease (DKD), it does imply that TMZ can have positive impacts on DKD development and progression by addressing multiple pathological factors involved in its etiology. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence (e.g., clinical trials demonstrating improvements in kidney function) would be required for stronger support of TMZ as a treatment for DKD." -17755056,Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity,1075,Concomitant administration of trimetazidine attenuates significantly the cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxity induced by doxorubicin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Concomitant administration of trimetazidine attenuates significantly the cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxity induced by doxorubicin.""?","Yes, the statement ""Concomitant administration of trimetazidine attenuates significantly the cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxity induced by doxorubicin"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity"". This is because it suggests that trimetazidine has an effect on reducing cardiotoxicity (toxicity to the heart) in particular when administered alongside doxorubicin, which is known to cause such side effects. However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean that trimetazidine can treat all forms of cardiotoxicity, nor does it confirm that it can treat cardiotoxicity independently of doxorubicin administration. Further research would be needed to establish these points more definitively." + The statement explicitly mentions ivabradine as a new agent for treating chronic stable angina. This implies that ivabradine has been found effective in treating chronic stable angina in some capacity. Therefore, it lends indirect support to the claim that ivabradine treats stable angina. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference based on one statement alone. For a more robust conclusion, it would be necessary to consider additional evidence from clinical trials, meta-analyses, or systematic reviews that demonstrate the efficacy of ivabradine in treating stable angina." +11342280,Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder,1063,Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Heart rate lowering by specific and selective I(f) current inhibition with ivabradine: a new therapeutic perspective in cardiovascular disease"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine treats cardiovascular disorder"". This is because it suggests that ivabradine has a specific mechanism of action (inhibition of I(f) current) that can lower heart rate, which is often implicated in various cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, by reducing heart rate through this mechanism, ivabradine could potentially provide therapeutic benefits in the context of cardiovascular disease. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports the potential therapeutic use of ivabradine in cardiovascular disorders, it does not necessarily confirm that ivabradine treats all cardiovascular disorders; further research would be required to establish its efficacy in specific cardiovascular conditions." +26843374,Cefixime treats tonsillitis,1064,These results show that cefixime once daily is at least as effective as penicillin V t.i.d. in pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats tonsillitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results show that cefixime once daily is at least as effective as penicillin V t.i.d. in pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefixime treats tonsillitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that Cefixime is at least as effective as Penicillin V in treating pharyngitis and tonsillitis in children. This implies that Cefixime has therapeutic effects on tonsillitis, thus providing indirect support for the claim that Cefixime treats tonsillitis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a broader clinical trial result, and direct clinical trials specifically investigating Cefixime's effect on tonsillitis would provide stronger support for the claim." +23970374,Cefixime treats Infection,1065,The aim of this study is to evaluate cefixime for the treatment of osteoarticular infections in pediatric SCD patients by retrospective design.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of this study is to evaluate cefixime for the treatment of osteoarticular infections in pediatric SCD patients by retrospective design.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefixime treats infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The study aims to evaluate Cefixime for treating osteoarticular infections specifically in pediatric patients with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). This implies that Cefixime is being considered as a potential treatment for these infections, thus providing indirect evidence that Cefixime may have therapeutic effects against certain types of infections. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of Cefixime's efficacy in treating infections would require clinical trial results demonstrating its safety and efficacy in treating infections in human subjects." +22544340,Cefixime treats pharyngitis,1066,Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats pharyngitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis.""?","No, the statement ""Purpose: To report a case of Acute bilateral angle closure and Myopia following oral Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime treats pharyngitis."" + + This statement is actually reporting an adverse event following Cefixime therapy for pharyngitis. It does not provide any information about the efficacy of Cefixime in treating pharyngitis. Therefore, it does not support the claim that Cefixime is an effective treatment for pharyngitis. + + It is important to note that while a drug may have side effects that suggest it has a certain mechanism of action (in this case, potentially affecting eye pressure), this does not necessarily mean that it is effective in treating the condition it is being used for (pharyngitis). The drug could be having an off-target effect that is unrelated to its therapeutic effect. + + In conclusion, while reports of adverse events can provide valuable information about drug safety, they do not necessarily provide information about drug efficacy. Therefore, they cannot be used as evidence to support" +22138225,Cefixime treats syphilis,1067,DISCUSSION: Demonstration of efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of active syphilis in this Phase 2 trial among non-pregnant women will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis to evaluate prevention of congenital syphilis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats syphilis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Demonstration of efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of active syphilis in this Phase 2 trial among non-pregnant women will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis to evaluate prevention of congenital syphilis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime treats syphilis."" The discussion revolves around a Phase 2 trial demonstrating the efficacy of cefixime in treating active syphilis in non-pregnant women. This trial will inform a proposed randomized controlled trial to evaluate cefixime as an alternative treatment for pregnant women with active syphilis, aiming to prevent congenital syphilis. The fact that clinical trials are being conducted to evaluate cefixime as a treatment for syphilis indicates that there is some basis for believing that cefixime could be an effective treatment for syphilis. However, it is important to note that these trials are still in progress, so any conclusions drawn from them would be considered preliminary until they have been subjected to rigorous peer review and replication." +20619094,Cefixime treats bronchitis,1068,"Two weeks following her return to France, the patient presented with an episode of bronchitis and received 5 days of treatment with cefixime (a third-generation cephalosporin).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two weeks following her return to France, the patient presented with an episode of bronchitis and received 5 days of treatment with cefixime (a third-generation cephalosporin).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Cefixime treats bronchitis."" The statement only indicates that a patient with bronchitis was treated with cefixime. It does not imply that cefixime is an effective treatment for bronchitis, as the patient may have recovered regardless of the treatment received due to the natural course of the disease. To establish that cefixime treats bronchitis, controlled clinical trials demonstrating its efficacy would be required." +12941415,Cefixime treats otitis media,1069,Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefixime treats otitis media"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy and tolerability of cefixime in otitis media."" This is because the term ""efficacy"" implies that there has been some level of positive effect observed when using Cefixime for treating otitis media. However, it is important to note that direct support would require more specific information linking Cefixime treatment to improvements in otitis media cases. Therefore, while there is some level of support for the claim based on this statement alone, further evidence would be needed for a more definitive conclusion." +8827692,Cefixime treats gonorrhea,1070,A randomized trial of ciprofloxacin versus cefixime for treatment of gonorrhea after rapid emergence of gonococcal ciprofloxacin resistance in The Philippines.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized trial of ciprofloxacin versus cefixime for treatment of gonorrhea after rapid emergence of gonococcal ciprofloxacin resistance in The Philippines.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime treats gonorrhea."" The randomized trial mentioned in the statement is comparing two different treatments for gonorrhea - ciprofloxacin and cefixime - in a population where ciprofloxacin resistance has emerged. This implies that cefixime is being used as a treatment option for gonorrhea in this context, therefore supporting the claim that cefixime can treat gonorrhea. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not provide direct proof of cefixime's efficacy in treating gonorrhea. The trial would need to report positive outcomes for cefixime for it to be considered direct evidence." +7594422,Cefixime treats bacterial infectious disease,1071,A randomized controlled clinical study of cefetamet pivoxil (CAT) compared with cefixime (CFX) was conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A randomized controlled clinical study of cefetamet pivoxil (CAT) compared with cefixime (CFX) was conducted to evaluate its safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement mentions that a randomized controlled clinical study was conducted comparing cefetamet pivoxil (CAT) with cefixime (CFX) for treating bacterial infections. The fact that cefixime was used in such a study implies that it has been studied for its safety and efficacy in treating bacterial infections. However, this does not explicitly confirm that cefixime treats bacterial infections; it only suggests that it has been investigated for this purpose in clinical trials." +26078551,Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1072,"Eighteen children with the following bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime; respiratory tract infection (13), acute otitis media (1), acute intervertebral chondritis and tonsillitis (1), chronic cystitis (1), subcutaneous abscess (1) and chronic bacteremia (1).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eighteen children with the following bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime; respiratory tract infection (13), acute otitis media (1), acute intervertebral chondritis and tonsillitis (1), chronic cystitis (1), subcutaneous abscess (1) and chronic bacteremia (1).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats bacterial infectious disease"". The statement indicates that eighteen children diagnosed with various bacterial infections were treated with ceftizoxime, implying that ceftizoxime was used as a therapeutic agent for these bacterial infections. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. A rigorous clinical trial would be required to establish direct evidence of ceftizoxime's efficacy in treating bacterial infections." +25661332,Ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis,1073,"Experience with imipenem/cilastatin and that reported for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis was compared, using data from published reports from five centers.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Experience with imipenem/cilastatin and that reported for cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and ceftizoxime in the treatment of biopsy-proved osteomyelitis was compared, using data from published reports from five centers.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement suggests that there have been published reports comparing the use of Ceftizoxime with other antibiotics in the treatment of biopsy-proven osteomyelitis across five centers. This implies that Ceftizoxime has been used in the treatment of osteomyelitis and its effectiveness has been studied in comparison to other antibiotics. However, it does not provide direct evidence of Ceftizoxime's effectiveness in treating osteomyelitis as it does not report specific outcomes or results of these studies. Therefore, while the statement lends some support to the claim that Ceftizoxime treats osteomyelitis, it does not constitute definitive proof." +23911647,Trimetazidine treats diabetic kidney disease,1074,"In DIN and diabetic kidney diseases,TMZ treatment prevents renal injury by inactivating immune cells, attenuating renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In DIN and diabetic kidney diseases,TMZ treatment prevents renal injury by inactivating immune cells, attenuating renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that Trimetazidine (TMZ) treatment has beneficial effects on various aspects of kidney disease progression in diabetes (DIN), including immune cell inactivation, reduced renal fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis, and histological abnormalities. While this does not explicitly say that TMZ treats diabetic kidney disease (DKD), it does imply that TMZ can have positive impacts on DKD progression by addressing multiple pathological factors associated with it. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence would be needed for unequivocal support of TMZ as a treatment for DKD." +17755056,Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity,1075,Concomitant administration of trimetazidine attenuates significantly the cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxity induced by doxorubicin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Concomitant administration of trimetazidine attenuates significantly the cardiotoxicity and hepatotoxity induced by doxorubicin.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Trimetazidine treats Cardiotoxicity. The statement suggests that when Trimetazidine is administered concurrently with doxorubicin, it significantly reduces the cardiotoxicity induced by doxorubicin. This implies that Trimetazidine has a protective effect against cardiotoxicity, which aligns with the concept of treating cardiotoxicity. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one specific context (i.e., in combination with doxorubicin). Further research would be needed to confirm whether Trimetazidine has similar effects in other contexts and more broadly in treating cardiotoxicity." 17682787,Trimetazidine treats cardiovascular disorder,1076,Defining the role of trimetazidine in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders: some insights on its role in heart failure and peripheral artery disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Defining the role of trimetazidine in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders: some insights on its role in heart failure and peripheral artery disease.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Trimetazidine treats cardiovascular disorder"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Defining the role of trimetazidine in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders: some insights on its role in heart failure and peripheral artery disease."" The title of the statement explicitly mentions trimetazidine as a treatment for cardiovascular disorders, specifically heart failure and peripheral artery disease. This implies that there is some evidence supporting its use in treating these conditions, which fall under the broader category of cardiovascular disorders. Therefore, while the statement does not directly prove that trimetazidine treats all cardiovascular disorders, it does provide indirect evidence supporting its use in treating certain cardiovascular disorders." -19370408,Cefodizime treats bacterial infectious disease,1077,[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefodizime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children].""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children"" suggests that cefodizime has been used in treating bacterial infections in children, which implies that it may have some efficacy against such diseases. However, it doesn't provide direct evidence of its therapeutic effect because it lacks crucial details such as the outcome of the treatment and comparison with other antibiotics. Therefore, while it suggests potential positive effects of cefodizime on bacterial infections in children, further investigation would be required for more definitive conclusions about its efficacy in treating bacterial infectious diseases." -9968932,Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1078,These results suggest a new pathway involving AMPK in the control of apoptosis in B-CLL cells and raise the possibility of using acadesine in B-CLL treatment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results suggest a new pathway involving AMPK in the control of apoptosis in B-CLL cells and raise the possibility of using acadesine in B-CLL treatment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL)"". The statement suggests that acadesine is involved in a new pathway controlling apoptosis in B-CLL cells. Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which is a crucial mechanism in eliminating cancer cells. Therefore, if acadesine can indeed influence apoptosis in B-CLL cells, it raises the possibility of using acadesine as a treatment for B-CLL. However, it is important to note that this statement only provides indirect evidence, and further investigation would be required to confirm if acadesine is an effective treatment for B-CLL." -24441273,Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,1079,DISCUSSION: Ranolazine was well tolerated in ALS up to 2000 mg daily with gastrointestinal side effects being the most frequent.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Ranolazine was well tolerated in ALS up to 2000 mg daily with gastrointestinal side effects being the most frequent.""?","No, the phrase ""Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses the safety and tolerability of Ranolazine in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) when administered up to 2000 mg daily, but it does not provide evidence of its therapeutic efficacy in treating ALS. Gastrointestinal side effects being the most frequent only indicates that these were common adverse events experienced by patients taking Ranolazine in the study; it does not imply that the drug is effective in treating ALS." -16822044,Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1080,Evaluation of ranolazine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina: results from the TERISA randomized clinical trial (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of ranolazine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina: results from the TERISA randomized clinical trial (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina).""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" based on the statement provided. The TERISA (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina) randomized clinical trial involves patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina being treated with Ranolazine. +19370408,Cefodizime treats bacterial infectious disease,1077,[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefodizime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children].""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""Clinical experience with cefodizime in bacterial infection of children"" suggests that cefodizime has been used in treating bacterial infections in children, which implies that it may have some efficacy against such diseases. However, it doesn't provide direct evidence of its therapeutic effect, such as a controlled clinical trial would. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not definitive proof that cefodizime treats bacterial infectious disease. It would require further investigation and more robust studies to confirm its efficacy." +9968932,Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1078,These results suggest a new pathway involving AMPK in the control of apoptosis in B-CLL cells and raise the possibility of using acadesine in B-CLL treatment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results suggest a new pathway involving AMPK in the control of apoptosis in B-CLL cells and raise the possibility of using acadesine in B-CLL treatment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Acadesine treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL)"". The statement suggests that acadesine influences a new pathway involving AMPK in the control of apoptosis in B-CLL cells. Apoptosis is programmed cell death, which is a crucial mechanism in eliminating cancer cells. Therefore, if acadesine can indeed influence this pathway and promote apoptosis in B-CLL cells, it could potentially be used as a treatment for B-CLL. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on preliminary results, and further rigorous experimental studies are required to establish acadesine as an effective treatment for B-CLL." +24441273,Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,1079,DISCUSSION: Ranolazine was well tolerated in ALS up to 2000 mg daily with gastrointestinal side effects being the most frequent.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Ranolazine was well tolerated in ALS up to 2000 mg daily with gastrointestinal side effects being the most frequent.""?","No, the phrase ""Ranolazine treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses the tolerability of Ranolazine in ALS patients at high doses (up to 2000 mg daily) but it does not provide evidence of its therapeutic effect on ALS. The most frequent side effects observed were gastrointestinal, which does not necessarily imply treatment efficacy for ALS symptoms. Further studies would be required to establish whether Ranolazine has any clinical benefit in treating ALS." +16822044,Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1080,Evaluation of ranolazine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina: results from the TERISA randomized clinical trial (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of ranolazine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina: results from the TERISA randomized clinical trial (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina).""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The TERISA (Type 2 Diabetes Evaluation of Ranolazine in Subjects With Chronic Stable Angina) randomized clinical trial investigates the effects of ranolazine in patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic stable angina. The presence of such a study suggests that there is an interest in understanding ranolazine's potential therapeutic benefits for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. - The study does not explicitly state that Ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus as its primary objective appears to be assessing Ranolazine's efficacy in improving exercise capacity in patients with both chronic stable angina and type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to placebo. However, by including patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the study population and administering Ranolazine as an intervention, it suggests that there is some interest in its potential effects on diabetes management. + + However, it is essential to note that the statement does not explicitly confirm that ranolazine treats type 2 diabetes mellitus. The trial might focus on other outcomes like changes in HbA1c levels, insulin sensitivity, or other diabetes-related complications as secondary endpoints. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for the notion that ranolazine may have implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus management, further investigation is required to establish whether it indeed ""treats"" type 2 diabetes mellitus as claimed. - It is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive evidence of Ranolazine treating type 2 diabetes mellitus; further investigation would be required through additional studies specifically designed to evaluate Ranolazine's impact on diabetes management outcomes such as glycemic" + + In summary, although indirect support exists based on the provided statement, it is crucial not to overstate the" 15243162,Ranolazine treats diastolic heart failure,1081,"Moreover, ranolazine holds potential promise to be effective in treatment of atrial fibrillation and diastolic heart failure.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Moreover, ranolazine holds potential promise to be effective in treatment of atrial fibrillation and diastolic heart failure.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ranolazine treats diastolic heart failure"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Moreover, ranolazine holds potential promise to be effective in treatment of atrial fibrillation and diastolic heart failure."" - The statement suggests that ranolazine is being investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in diastolic heart failure (DHF). The fact that it is being studied for such application implies that there is some basis for believing that it might be effective in treating DHF - for instance, preliminary experimental results may have shown promise. Therefore, although the statement does not provide direct evidence of ranolazine treating DHF (such as results from clinical trials), it does offer support for such an assertion by indicating that further investigation is warranted due to its potential therapeutic benefits in DHF management. + The statement suggests that ranolazine has potential therapeutic benefits for diastolic heart failure. While it does not explicitly state that ranolazine treats diastolic heart failure, it implies that ranolazine could be an effective treatment option for this condition. Therefore, there is indirect support for the claim that ranolazine treats diastolic heart failure based on the provided statement. + + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive evidence of efficacy. Further investigation and rigorous clinical trials would be necessary to establish ranolazine as a definitive treatment for diastolic heart failure." +14672486,Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome,1082,"Small clinical trials suggest that ranolazine may have a role in the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, long QT syndromes, and sinus node dysfunction.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Small clinical trials suggest that ranolazine may have a role in the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, long QT syndromes, and sinus node dysfunction.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome"". The key phrase here is ""long QT syndromes"", which implies that ranolazine may have a potential therapeutic role in treating these syndromes. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a broad categorization of various cardiac conditions, including long QT syndromes. - However, it is important to note that while there is some support for ranolazine as a potential treatment for DHF based on this statement alone, more rigorous evaluation of published studies is necessary before drawing definitive conclusions about its clinical efficacy in treating DHF. This includes assessing the quality of evidence available (e.g., whether" -14672486,Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome,1082,"Small clinical trials suggest that ranolazine may have a role in the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, long QT syndromes, and sinus node dysfunction.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Small clinical trials suggest that ranolazine may have a role in the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, long QT syndromes, and sinus node dysfunction.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine treats long QT syndrome"". The key phrase here is ""may have a role in the treatment"", which implies that there is some evidence suggesting its potential therapeutic value for long QT syndromes. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference based on small clinical trials, and more rigorous studies would be needed to confirm this effect and elucidate the mechanisms involved. + The statement refers to ""small clinical trials"", which suggests that the evidence base is preliminary and more extensive studies may be needed to confirm these findings. Furthermore, it includes other conditions such as non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and atrial fibrillation, which could suggest that ranolazine has broader cardiovascular effects rather than being specifically targeted at long QT syndromes. - The long QT syndrome is a group of disorders characterized by prolongation of the QT interval on the electrocardiogram. This prolongation can potentially trigger ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which can be life-threatening in some cases. Ranolazine is a medication primarily used for treating chronic angina, but its potential utility in treating long QT syndromes is an area of ongoing research. + Therefore, while there is some support for the claim based on this statement, it is not definitive proof and should be interpreted in the context of the broader scientific literature on ranolazine and long QT syndromes." +13891593,Ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation,1083,"Recent studies have increased interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for AF therapy, but the mechanism of efficacy is poorly understood.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent studies have increased interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for AF therapy, but the mechanism of efficacy is poorly understood.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The text mentions that recent studies have increased interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy. This implies that these drugs have been studied in relation to AF treatment, which includes ranolazine. However, it is important to note that while there is some support for the claim that ranolazine is being considered for AF therapy, the statement does not provide direct evidence that ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation effectively. The mechanism of efficacy is also stated as poorly understood, which suggests that further research is needed to fully support the claim that ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation." +12975239,Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder,1084,Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder."" This is because treatment is often synonymous with management in medical contexts. However, it is important to note that ""management"" can also include non-pharmacological interventions and may not necessarily imply that Ranolazine is solely responsible for treating coronary artery disease. Additionally, further evidence such as clinical trials would be needed to confirm Ranolazine's direct therapeutic effect on coronary artery disorder." +10629663,Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris,1085,"Effects of a new metabolic modulator, ranolazine, on exercise tolerance in angina pectoris patients treated with beta-blocker or diltiazem.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of a new metabolic modulator, ranolazine, on exercise tolerance in angina pectoris patients treated with beta-blocker or diltiazem.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris."" The study mentioned investigates the effects of ranolazine on exercise tolerance in angina pectoris patients who were already being treated with either beta-blockers or diltiazem. The fact that such a study was conducted suggests that there is some existing evidence or hypothesis supporting ranolazine as a potential treatment for angina pectoris. - Therefore, while the statement does provide some level of support for the claim, it is important to emphasize that this is based on preliminary evidence from small clinical trials and that further investigation is required to establish the efficacy of ranolazine in treating long QT syndromes." -13891593,Ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation,1083,"Recent studies have increased interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for AF therapy, but the mechanism of efficacy is poorly understood.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent studies have increased interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for AF therapy, but the mechanism of efficacy is poorly understood.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that recent studies have shown interest in fast-unbinding Na(+) channel blockers like vernakalant (RSD1235) and ranolazine for atrial fibrillation (AF) therapy. This implies that these drugs have been found to be effective in treating AF, even though the mechanism of efficacy is not fully understood yet. Therefore, while the statement does not explicitly prove that ranolazine treats AF, it does suggest that there is some evidence supporting its use in AF therapy. However, it is important to note that more rigorous studies would be needed to fully establish the efficacy of ranolazine in treating AF." -12975239,Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder,1084,Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ranolazine for the management of coronary artery disease"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats coronary artery disorder."" This is because treatment is often synonymous with management in medical contexts. However, it is important to note that ""management"" can also imply symptomatic relief or long-term care rather than a direct curative effect. Therefore, while there is support for the idea that Ranolazine is used in treating coronary artery disease, it does not definitively prove that it cures the disorder." -10629663,Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris,1085,"Effects of a new metabolic modulator, ranolazine, on exercise tolerance in angina pectoris patients treated with beta-blocker or diltiazem.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of a new metabolic modulator, ranolazine, on exercise tolerance in angina pectoris patients treated with beta-blocker or diltiazem.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats Angina pectoris."" The study mentioned investigates the effects of ranolazine on exercise tolerance in patients with angina pectoris who were already being treated with either beta-blockers or diltiazem. The fact that such a study was conducted implies that there is some basis for believing that ranolazine may have beneficial effects in treating angina pectoris. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The results of the study would need to be evaluated in detail to determine whether ranolazine does indeed have a significant positive effect on angina pectoris symptoms." -9302562,Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia,1086,Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and to lessen the severity of angina in the setting of chronic ischaemic heart disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and to lessen the severity of angina in the setting of chronic ischaemic heart disease.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia"". The statement indicates that Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and lessen the severity of angina in chronic ischaemic heart disease settings. Ischemia refers to an inadequate blood supply to an organ or part of the body, often resulting from obstruction of blood flow. In this case, myocardial ischaemia refers specifically to insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle. Angina is chest pain caused by an inadequate supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle, often due to obstruction of blood flow (ischaemia). Therefore, by lessening angina severity in chronic ischaemic heart disease settings, Ranolazine is indirectly treating myocardial ischaemia by addressing one of its primary symptoms (angina) and potential causes (obstruction of blood flow)." + However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof that ranolazine treats angina pectoris. The study only investigates exercise tolerance in patients already receiving other treatments, not whether ranolazine can replace these treatments as a standalone therapy for angina pectoris. Further studies would be required to establish such a claim conclusively." +9302562,Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia,1086,Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and to lessen the severity of angina in the setting of chronic ischaemic heart disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia and to lessen the severity of angina in the setting of chronic ischaemic heart disease.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats myocardial ischemia."" The statement indicates that Ranolazine has been shown to improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia, which is a form of myocardial ischemia. Furthermore, it mentions that Ranolazine lessens the severity of angina in chronic ischaemic heart disease, suggesting that it has a therapeutic effect on ischaemic conditions. However, it's important to note that while this suggests Ranolazine has beneficial effects in treating symptoms of myocardial ischemia, it does not necessarily confirm that it treats the underlying cause of myocardial ischemia. Therefore, while there is support for the claim, it is indirect and qualified by these considerations." 9302560,Ranolazine treats cardiovascular disorder,1087,Ranolazine is a novel drug that has shown promise in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine treats cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine is a novel drug that has shown promise in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ranolazine is a novel drug that has shown promise in the treatment of cardiovascular disease"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine treats cardiovascular disorder"". - The key term here is ""treatment"", which implies that a drug is effective in managing or ameliorating a disease or disorder. The statement suggests that Ranolazine is indeed involved in treating cardiovascular disease, as it has ""shown promise"". However, it should be noted that ""showing promise"" is not definitive proof of efficacy; it typically refers to preliminary or ongoing research results that indicate potential therapeutic benefits. Therefore, while there is support for the claim, it is not based on definitive evidence of Ranolazine's efficacy in treating cardiovascular disorders. Further investigation, including controlled clinical trials, would be necessary to confirm Ranolazine's therapeutic utility in treating cardiovascular disorders." -27475554,Prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis,1088,Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed and therapy with prednisolone was begun.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed and therapy with prednisolone was begun.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis based on the statement provided. The statement indicates that prednisolone therapy was initiated after a diagnosis of microscopic polyarteritis nodosa (MPA), which is one of the conditions classified under microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). This implies that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for MPA. However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation; therefore, further evidence would be needed to definitively conclude that prednisolone is an effective treatment for MPA." -26307899,Prednisolone treats eye disorder,1089,A short trial with high doses of prednisolone to treat a 62 year-old woman with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease yielded an unsatisfactory improvement after 5-6 days.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A short trial with high doses of prednisolone to treat a 62 year-old woman with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease yielded an unsatisfactory improvement after 5-6 days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats eye disorder"". The statement indicates that a trial of prednisolone was conducted on a patient with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease, but the improvement was unsatisfactory after 5-6 days of high-dose treatment. This suggests that prednisolone may not be an effective treatment for this specific eye disorder under these conditions. However, it does not rule out the possibility that prednisolone could be effective under different dosage levels, duration of treatment, or for other types of eye disorders. Therefore, more extensive studies would be required to make a definitive conclusion about the efficacy of prednisolone in treating eye disorders in general." -25942811,Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia,1090,"[""Abolishment"" syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[""Abolishment"" syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Abolishment syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia."" + The key term here is ""has shown promise in the treatment"". This implies that there have been studies or trials that suggest ranolazine can be effective in treating cardiovascular disease. However, it does not confirm that ranolazine definitively treats cardiovascular disorders as it uses the term ""promise"", which indicates potential but not yet proven efficacy. - The term ""abolishment"" suggests that something is being eliminated or stopped, in this case, it refers to the syndrome associated with sympathetic ophthalmia. The fact that prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with this abolishment implies that prednisolone is likely involved in the treatment process. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one statement alone. For a more definitive conclusion, additional evidence and context would be beneficial." -24297743,Prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis,1091,"A 60-year-old Aboriginal man with underlying severe exfoliative dermatitis, treated with oral azathioprine and oral prednisolone, presented with left painful red eye for ten days.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 60-year-old Aboriginal man with underlying severe exfoliative dermatitis, treated with oral azathioprine and oral prednisolone, presented with left painful red eye for ten days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis. The patient in question has exfoliative dermatitis and is being treated with both azathioprine and prednisolone. The fact that they were prescribed prednisolone suggests that it is considered an effective treatment for their condition, even if it is not explicitly stated in the text provided. However, it should be noted that correlation does not imply causation, so while prednisolone is used in treating this patient's condition, it does not definitively prove that prednisolone is the sole or primary effective treatment for their exfoliative dermatitis." -24291326,Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis,1092,"These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, and treatment with prednisolone markedly improved her condition.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, and treatment with prednisolone markedly improved her condition.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (ANCA-associated vasculitis)"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a patient was diagnosed with ANCA-associated vasculitis and received treatment with prednisolone, which led to significant improvement in her condition. This suggests that prednisolone may be an effective treatment for ANCA-associated vasculitis, aligning with the claim that prednisolone treats ANCA-associated vasculitis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one case study. A more robust conclusion would require multiple studies demonstrating similar results." -24042094,Prednisolone treats biliary atresia,1093,"In 2010, a study on the advantages of budesonide compared to prednisolone in autoimmune hepatitis gave rise to experimental therapy using budesonide as an adjuvant BA treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats biliary atresia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In 2010, a study on the advantages of budesonide compared to prednisolone in autoimmune hepatitis gave rise to experimental therapy using budesonide as an adjuvant BA treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats biliary atresia."" The study mentioned is about autoimmune hepatitis, not biliary atresia. It compares budesonide to prednisolone in terms of advantages in treating autoimmune hepatitis, but it does not suggest that prednisolone is an effective treatment for biliary atresia. Budesonide is being explored as an adjuvant in biliary atresia treatment, but this does not imply that prednisolone is an effective treatment for biliary atresia either." -23981131,Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides,1094,Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides"" based on the given statement ""Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL."" + Therefore, while not a direct confirmation, this statement does lend credence to the idea that ranolazine could be used as a treatment for cardiovascular disorders. It is important to note that further investigation would be required to fully substantiate this claim, such as reviewing the specific studies or trials that led to this conclusion." +27475554,Prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis,1088,Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed and therapy with prednisolone was begun.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed and therapy with prednisolone was begun.""?","Yes, the statement ""Microscopic polyarteritis nodosa was diagnosed and therapy with prednisolone was begun"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). This is because prednisolone is being used as a treatment for microscopic polyarteritis nodosa (MPN), which is closely related to MPA; both conditions fall under the umbrella of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). - The rationale behind this is that mycosis fungoides (MF) is a type of Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (CTCL), which is a group of rare disorders characterized by the uncontrolled growth of T-cells in the skin. Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma encompasses several subtypes including Sézary syndrome (SS), mycosis fungoides (MF), and others [1]. + MPA is characterized by inflammation of small blood vessels (arterioles, capillaries, venules), while MPN affects small-to-medium-sized muscular arteries. Due to their similarities in clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and treatment response, they were previously considered one disease but have since been separated based on their distinct histopathological features. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has been used in various dermatological conditions due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects [2]. It has been used alone as an alternative treatment for Cutaneous Erythrodermic Lymphoma (CEL), which is another subtype of CTCL [3]. + Given that prednisolone is used as a treatment for MPN, it is reasonable to infer that prednisolone may also be an effective treatment for MPA based on their shared features as AAVs. However, it is essential to note that direct evidence from clinical trials specifically investigating prednisolone" +26307899,Prednisolone treats eye disorder,1089,A short trial with high doses of prednisolone to treat a 62 year-old woman with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease yielded an unsatisfactory improvement after 5-6 days.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A short trial with high doses of prednisolone to treat a 62 year-old woman with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease yielded an unsatisfactory improvement after 5-6 days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats eye disorder"". The statement indicates that a trial of prednisolone was conducted on a patient with malignant ophthalmopathy due to Graves disease, but the improvement was unsatisfactory after 5-6 days of high-dose treatment. This suggests that prednisolone may not be an effective treatment for this specific eye disorder under these conditions. However, it does not rule out the possibility that prednisolone could be effective under different dosage levels, duration of treatment, or for other types of eye disorders. Further studies would be required to make definitive conclusions about the efficacy of prednisolone for treating various eye disorders." +25942811,Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia,1090,"[""Abolishment"" syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[""Abolishment"" syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sympathetic ophthalmia"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Abolishment syndrome in prednisolone treatment of patients with sympathetic ophthalmia."" - Given that both mycosis fungoides (MF) and Cutaneous Erythrodermic Lymphoma (" -23374627,Prednisolone treats trichinellosis,1095,"This study assessed the antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus limon and Capsicum frutescens on murine trichinellosis and compared them with those of albendazole and prednisolone, which are conventionally used to treat trichinellosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats trichinellosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study assessed the antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus limon and Capsicum frutescens on murine trichinellosis and compared them with those of albendazole and prednisolone, which are conventionally used to treat trichinellosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats trichinellosis. The study mentioned assesses the effects of prednisolone in treating trichinellosis in mice, which implies that prednisolone has some level of efficacy against trichinellosis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of the claim. Further investigation would be required to fully substantiate the claim in humans, considering potential species differences in drug response and pharmacokinetics." -22580782,Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2,1096,Regression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma after the Withdrawal of Cyclosporin A Combined With Pirfenidone Treatment in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.A 72-year-old man was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Regression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma after the Withdrawal of Cyclosporin A Combined With Pirfenidone Treatment in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.A 72-year-old man was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2."" The statement mentions that a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A, but it does not indicate that prednisolone was specifically effective in treating interstitial lung disease 2. The improvement in the patient's condition could be attributed to either prednisolone, cyclosporine A, or the combination of both. Therefore, we cannot infer from this statement that prednisolone is an effective treatment for interstitial lung disease 2." -22500116,Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease,1097,"The most common coexisting conditions were HIV infection (30%), prednisolone therapy (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (15.7%).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The most common coexisting conditions were HIV infection (30%), prednisolone therapy (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (15.7%).""?","No, the statement ""The most common coexisting conditions were HIV infection (30%), prednisolone therapy (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (15.7%)"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease."" + The term ""abolishment"" suggests that something is being eliminated or stopped, in this case, it refers to the syndrome associated with sympathetic ophthalmia. The fact that prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with this abolishment implies that it plays a role in treating or managing the condition. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one statement alone. For a more definitive conclusion, additional evidence and context would be necessary." +24297743,Prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis,1091,"A 60-year-old Aboriginal man with underlying severe exfoliative dermatitis, treated with oral azathioprine and oral prednisolone, presented with left painful red eye for ten days.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 60-year-old Aboriginal man with underlying severe exfoliative dermatitis, treated with oral azathioprine and oral prednisolone, presented with left painful red eye for ten days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats exfoliative dermatitis. The patient in question has exfoliative dermatitis and is being treated with both azathioprine and prednisolone. The fact that they were prescribed prednisolone suggests that it is considered an effective treatment for their condition. However, it's important to note that correlation does not imply causation, and we cannot definitively say that prednisolone is responsible for improving the patient's condition without more information about their response to treatment. Additionally, the patient is receiving multiple treatments, which could confound any potential effects of prednisolone alone. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is indirect and not conclusive." +24291326,Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis,1092,"These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, and treatment with prednisolone markedly improved her condition.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings were consistent with a diagnosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis, and treatment with prednisolone markedly improved her condition.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (ANCA-associated vasculitis)"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a patient was diagnosed with ANCA-associated vasculitis and received treatment with prednisolone, which led to significant improvement in her condition. This suggests that prednisolone may be an effective treatment for ANCA-associated vasculitis, thus providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that this is based on a single case study, so further research involving larger sample sizes would be needed for more robust evidence of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating ANCA-associated vasculitis." +24042094,Prednisolone treats biliary atresia,1093,"In 2010, a study on the advantages of budesonide compared to prednisolone in autoimmune hepatitis gave rise to experimental therapy using budesonide as an adjuvant BA treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats biliary atresia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In 2010, a study on the advantages of budesonide compared to prednisolone in autoimmune hepatitis gave rise to experimental therapy using budesonide as an adjuvant BA treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats biliary atresia."" The study mentioned in the statement focuses on comparing the advantages of budesonide over prednisolone in treating autoimmune hepatitis. It does not provide evidence that prednisolone is an effective treatment for biliary atresia (BA). Furthermore, even though budesonide is being considered as an adjuvant BA treatment based on this study, it does not necessarily imply that prednisolone is ineffective for BA treatment; it only suggests that budesonide might be more advantageous in treating autoimmune hepatitis compared to prednisolone. - The statement provided is an epidemiological observation of coexisting conditions in a given population, not an intervention study demonstrating the efficacy of prednisolone in treating HIV infection. The high prevalence of prednisolone therapy among individuals with HIV could be due to various reasons such as other comorbidities for which prednisolone is prescribed, side effects of HIV medications, or immune system modulation in HIV patients. However, it does not imply that prednisolone is used as a treatment for HIV infection itself. Therefore, this statement does not provide any evidence supporting the claim that prednisolone is used as a treatment for HIV infection." -22130331,Prednisolone treats schizophrenia,1098,"Therefore, the effect of prednisolone can be studied as a proof of concept for immune modulation as a treatment for schizophrenia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats schizophrenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, the effect of prednisolone can be studied as a proof of concept for immune modulation as a treatment for schizophrenia.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats schizophrenia"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, the effect of prednisolone can be studied as a proof of concept for immune modulation as a treatment for schizophrenia."" + In order for there to be indirect support for prednisolone treating biliary atresia from this statement, there would need to be some comparison of prednisolone against other treatments for biliary atresia specifically, or at least some evidence that prednisolone has beneficial effects on biliary atresia patients. However, in this statement, there is no direct link between prednisolone and biliary atresia treatment; thus, it does not provide indirect support for that claim." +23981131,Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides,1094,Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone treats mycosis fungoides"" based on the provided information that ""Prednisolone was initially used alone as an alternative treatment for CEL."" - - The statement suggests that prednisolone can be used as a model for studying immune modulation as a potential treatment strategy for schizophrenia. It does not necessarily imply that prednisolone itself is an effective treatment for schizophrenia. Prednisolone is an anti-inflammatory drug primarily used for treating conditions associated with inflammation such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease. The hypothesis that immune modulation may have a role in schizophrenia treatment is separate from the direct therapeutic effect of prednisolone on schizophrenia symptoms. Therefore, more direct evidence would be needed to support the claim that prednisolone treats schizophrenia." -21634207,Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,1099,The patient started insulin therapy and treatment for AD with prednisolone and fludrocortisone with good clinical response.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient started insulin therapy and treatment for AD with prednisolone and fludrocortisone with good clinical response.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"". The patient's good clinical response after starting treatment with prednisolone suggests that prednisolone is effective in managing adrenal insufficiency (AD). However, it should be noted that the patient was also taking fludrocortisone, making it difficult to attribute the positive response solely to prednisolone. Additionally, while prednisolone is often used as a treatment for AD, it is not typically used as monotherapy due to its potential side effects. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not unequivocal due to confounding factors in the statement." -21254689,Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis,1100,We aimed to determine the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in cHP patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We aimed to determine the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in cHP patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) patients. Although prednisolone is mentioned in the statement as part of the treatment regimen being studied, it does not imply that prednisolone is responsible for treating hypersensitivity pneumonitis in these patients. The statement simply highlights that prednisolone dose is one of the factors being evaluated in relation to lung function in patients already receiving prednisolone as part of their treatment for cHP." -20836940,Prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis,1101,"Here, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 5-year history of multiple subcutaneous nodules on her extremities and a right wrist joint contracture who had been previously diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and treated with salazosulfapyridine, low-dose prednisolone (PSL) and methotrexate.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 5-year history of multiple subcutaneous nodules on her extremities and a right wrist joint contracture who had been previously diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and treated with salazosulfapyridine, low-dose prednisolone (PSL) and methotrexate.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The case report mentions that an 8-year-old girl diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis was treated with low-dose prednisolone (PSL) along with other medications (salazosulfapyridine and methotrexate). The fact that prednisolone was used as part of her treatment regimen suggests that it is considered an appropriate medication for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. However, it is important to note that the statement does not offer direct evidence of prednisolone's efficacy in treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis in this case, as it does not compare the patient's condition before and after treatment nor does it include any quantitative assessments of her response to prednisolone specifically. + The justification behind this decision lies in understanding that both mycosis fungoides (MF) and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CEL) are types of lymphoma that affect the skin. Mycosis fungoides is actually considered to be the most common type of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (1). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties (2). It is often used in treating various types of cancers including lymphomas due to its ability to suppress immune response (3). - In conclusion, while there is some level of support for prednisolone being used in treating juvenile idiopathic arthritis based on this statement, further investigation would be required to definitively establish its efficacy in treating ju" -20612701,Prednisolone treats myocarditis,1102,This is a case of EGPA relapse presenting as myocarditis despite treatment with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is a case of EGPA relapse presenting as myocarditis despite treatment with prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support to the statement that prednisolone may have some therapeutic effect on myocarditis in the context of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA). The statement ""This is a case of EGPA relapse presenting as myocarditis despite treatment with prednisolone"" implies that despite being on prednisolone therapy, the patient still experienced a relapse of myocarditis. However, it does not explicitly state that prednisolone was ineffective in treating myocarditis; it merely indicates that it did not prevent its recurrence during an EGPA relapse. + Although the original statement does not explicitly mention mycosis fungoides, it does state that prednisolone was used as an alternative treatment for CEL. Given that mycosis fungoides is a type of CEL, it is reasonable to infer that since prednisolone was used in treating one" +23374627,Prednisolone treats trichinellosis,1095,"This study assessed the antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus limon and Capsicum frutescens on murine trichinellosis and compared them with those of albendazole and prednisolone, which are conventionally used to treat trichinellosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats trichinellosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study assessed the antiparasitic and anti-inflammatory effects of Citrus limon and Capsicum frutescens on murine trichinellosis and compared them with those of albendazole and prednisolone, which are conventionally used to treat trichinellosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats trichinellosis. The study mentioned assesses the effects of prednisolone in treating trichinellosis in mice, implying that prednisolone has antiparasitic and/or anti-inflammatory effects that can be beneficial in treating trichinellosis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy in humans, as further studies would be required to establish its clinical relevance and safety in human patients." +22580782,Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2,1096,Regression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma after the Withdrawal of Cyclosporin A Combined With Pirfenidone Treatment in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.A 72-year-old man was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Regression of Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma after the Withdrawal of Cyclosporin A Combined With Pirfenidone Treatment in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.A 72-year-old man was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats interstitial lung disease 2."" The statement mentions that a patient with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was treated with prednisolone and cyclosporine A, but it does not provide information about the outcome of the treatment specifically for interstitial lung disease 2. Furthermore, it discusses cyclosporine A and pirfenidone treatments in addition to prednisolone, making it difficult to isolate the effect of prednisolone on interstitial lung disease 2. Therefore, no definitive conclusions can be drawn about prednisolone's effectiveness in treating interstitial lung disease 2 based on this statement alone." +22500116,Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease,1097,"The most common coexisting conditions were HIV infection (30%), prednisolone therapy (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (15.7%).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The most common coexisting conditions were HIV infection (30%), prednisolone therapy (16.9%), and diabetes mellitus (15.7%).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats HIV infectious disease."" The provided statement only indicates that HIV infection (30%) and prednisolone therapy (16.9%) were among the most common coexisting conditions in a given population but it does not imply that prednisolone has any therapeutic effect on HIV infection. In fact, it is crucial to consider that prednisolone is an immunosuppressive drug often used to manage inflammatory and autoimmune disorders; thus, its widespread use in coexistence with HIV infection might be due to various comorbidities associated with HIV rather than any direct antiviral activity against HIV itself." +22130331,Prednisolone treats schizophrenia,1098,"Therefore, the effect of prednisolone can be studied as a proof of concept for immune modulation as a treatment for schizophrenia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats schizophrenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, the effect of prednisolone can be studied as a proof of concept for immune modulation as a treatment for schizophrenia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats schizophrenia."" The statement suggests that prednisolone can be used as a model for studying immune modulation as a potential treatment for schizophrenia. This implies that prednisolone may help us understand the immune system's role in schizophrenia, but it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone itself is an effective treatment for schizophrenia. To establish such a claim, controlled clinical trials would be required to demonstrate both safety and efficacy in treating schizophrenia patients with prednisolone." +21634207,Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,1099,The patient started insulin therapy and treatment for AD with prednisolone and fludrocortisone with good clinical response.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient started insulin therapy and treatment for AD with prednisolone and fludrocortisone with good clinical response.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"". The patient's good clinical response after starting treatment with prednisolone suggests that it may have contributed positively to managing adrenal insufficiency (AI). However, it is important to note that prednisolone is not used alone in treating AI; as seen in the statement, it is often used in combination with other medications like insulin therapy and fludrocortisone. Therefore, while prednisolone does seem to play a role in treating chronic primary adrenal insufficiency, it is likely as part of a broader treatment regimen rather than as a standalone treatment." +21254689,Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis,1100,We aimed to determine the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in cHP patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We aimed to determine the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in cHP patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the effect of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and azathioprine (AZA) on lung function and prednisolone dose in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (cHP) patients. Although prednisolone is mentioned in the statement as part of the treatment regimen for these patients, it does not imply that prednisolone treats hypersensitivity pneumonitis since prednisolone is already being used in these patients as part of their existing treatment plan. The statement does not provide any information about prednisolone's effectiveness in treating hypersensitivity pneumonitis specifically." +20836940,Prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis,1101,"Here, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 5-year history of multiple subcutaneous nodules on her extremities and a right wrist joint contracture who had been previously diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and treated with salazosulfapyridine, low-dose prednisolone (PSL) and methotrexate.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report the case of an 8-year-old girl with a 5-year history of multiple subcutaneous nodules on her extremities and a right wrist joint contracture who had been previously diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and treated with salazosulfapyridine, low-dose prednisolone (PSL) and methotrexate.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The case report mentions that an 8-year-old girl diagnosed with juvenile idiopathic arthritis was treated with low-dose prednisolone (PSL) in addition to other medications (salazosulfapyridine and methotrexate). The fact that prednisolone was used as part of her treatment regimen suggests that it is considered an appropriate medication for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect form of evidence since it does not explicitly demonstrate that prednisolone is responsible for any improvements in her condition. To establish a more direct link between prednisolone treatment and improvement in juvenile idiopathic arthritis symptoms, additional information such as before-and-after treatment comparisons of symptom severity would be required." +20612701,Prednisolone treats myocarditis,1102,This is a case of EGPA relapse presenting as myocarditis despite treatment with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is a case of EGPA relapse presenting as myocarditis despite treatment with prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The case description mentions that despite treatment of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (EGPA) relapse using Prednisolone, myocarditis still occurred. This implies that although Prednisolone did not prevent myocarditis in this particular case, it does not negate its potential therapeutic effect in treating myocarditis in other contexts. - The nuance here is that myocarditis can be caused by various factors, including infections, autoimmune diseases like EGPA, and other systemic conditions. Prednisolone is often used as an immunosuppressive agent in treating autoimmune diseases; therefore, its effectiveness might vary depending on the underlying cause of myocarditis in each specific case. + However, it is important to note that EGPA itself is associated with myocarditis as part of its disease manifestation. Therefore, it is possible that Prednisolone may have been less effective in treating myocarditis in EGPA specifically compared to other forms of myocarditis unrelated to EGPA. - It is important to note that making definitive conclusions about therapeutic effects based on individual cases can be misleading" -17604301,Prednisolone treats cataract,1103,"Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy.""?","No, the statement ""Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats cataract."" In fact, it suggests the opposite - that prednisolone therapy may cause cataracts. The patient's stable visual acuity is likely due to other factors, not prednisolone treating the cataract. This misconception may arise from confusing causation (prednisolone causing cataracts) with treatment (prednisolone resolving cataracts), which is not supported by the evidence provided." -17312178,Prednisolone treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1104,"In this study, we hypothesized that concomitant administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin and prednisolone in men at high risk to develop type 2 diabetes could protect against the GC-induced diabetogenic effects.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study, we hypothesized that concomitant administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin and prednisolone in men at high risk to develop type 2 diabetes could protect against the GC-induced diabetogenic effects.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that prednisolone was used in combination with sitagliptin (a Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor) to protect against glucocorticoid (GC)-induced diabetogenic effects in men at high risk for type 2 diabetes. This implies that prednisolone did not exacerbate diabetes in these individuals, and may even have had a protective effect against diabetes development when used in combination with sitagliptin. However, it does not provide direct evidence that prednisolone alone treats type 2 diabetes mellitus. More research would be needed to make that claim." + To establish more direct support for Prednisolone as an effective treatment for myocarditis, further evidence from clinical trials or studies specifically investigating its efficacy in treating myocarditis would be required." +17604301,Prednisolone treats cataract,1103,"Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy.""?","No, the statement ""Her visual acuity remained stable, despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats cataract."" In fact, it suggests the opposite - that prednisolone therapy may lead to cataract development (as indicated by ""despite development of a cataract from prednisolone therapy""). The patient's stable visual acuity could be attributed to other factors such as proper cataract management (e.g., surgery) rather than prednisolone itself treating cataracts." +17312178,Prednisolone treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1104,"In this study, we hypothesized that concomitant administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin and prednisolone in men at high risk to develop type 2 diabetes could protect against the GC-induced diabetogenic effects.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study, we hypothesized that concomitant administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor sitagliptin and prednisolone in men at high risk to develop type 2 diabetes could protect against the GC-induced diabetogenic effects.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that prednisolone was used in combination with sitagliptin in men at high risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to protect against glucocorticoid (GC)-induced diabetogenic effects. This implies that prednisolone did not exacerbate diabetes in these individuals, and may even have had a protective effect in combination with sitagliptin. However, it does not provide direct evidence that prednisolone alone treats T2DM. Further studies would be needed to establish whether prednisolone has therapeutic benefits in T2DM when used without other medications." 17184322,Prednisolone treats croup,1105,"Although common practice, evidence to support treatment of croup with prednisolone is scant.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats croup"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although common practice, evidence to support treatment of croup with prednisolone is scant.""?","No, the statement ""Although common practice, evidence to support treatment of croup with prednisolone is scant"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats croup."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The phrase ""evidence to support treatment...is scant"" implies that there is limited scientific backing for using prednisolone as a treatment for croup. Therefore, it does not support the claim that prednisolone effectively treats croup." -16852549,Prednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1106,"Treatment of peripheral T cell lymphoma with an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and prednisolone) and ifosfamide showing an important response and overall survival rates.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of peripheral T cell lymphoma with an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and prednisolone) and ifosfamide showing an important response and overall survival rates.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim states that an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and prednisolone) and ifosfamide has shown important response and overall survival rates in treating peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). Since prednisolone is one of the components of the ACEP regimen mentioned in the statement, it suggests that prednisolone could potentially contribute to the positive outcomes observed in treating mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (which PTCL falls under). However, it is important to note that it does not explicitly confirm that prednisolone is solely responsible for these positive outcomes as other components in the ACEP regimen could also play crucial roles in treatment efficacy. - - Additionally, further investigation is required to establish direct support for the claim since factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, patient demographics, and other concomitant treatments may significantly impact treatment outcomes in lymphoma patients. Comprehensive clinical trials specifically targeting prednisolone as monotherapy for mature T-" -16360878,Prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster,1107,"Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected and treatment with i.v. acyclovir and prednisolone was commenced, which led to a gradual improvement of the clinical condition.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected and treatment with i.v. acyclovir and prednisolone was commenced, which led to a gradual improvement of the clinical condition.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster (herpes zoster ophthalmicus). The statement indicates that treatment involving prednisolone was initiated when herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected, and this treatment led to an improvement in the clinical condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, we cannot definitively conclude that prednisolone was solely responsible for the improvement. Other factors, such as the administration of intravenous acyclovir, could have contributed to the patient's recovery. Nonetheless, the statement offers some evidence that prednisolone may be beneficial in treating herpes zoster ophthalmicus as part of a broader treatment plan." -15441636,Prednisolone treats lipoma,1108,"Lipomas responded with less lipolysis to isoproterenol than subcutaneous fat during microdialysis, and prednisolone treatment increased lipolysis in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lipoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lipomas responded with less lipolysis to isoproterenol than subcutaneous fat during microdialysis, and prednisolone treatment increased lipolysis in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly claim that prednisolone treats lipoma, it does provide indirect support for such a claim. The statement suggests that prednisolone can increase lipolysis (the breakdown of lipids) in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat when treated with isoproterenol during microdialysis. This implies that prednisolone has an effect on lipomas, which could potentially be leveraged for treatment purposes. However, it is important to note that increased lipolysis does not necessarily equate to treating lipomas; further research would be needed to establish a direct causal link between prednisolone treatment and lipoma resolution." -15369817,Prednisolone treats pericarditis,1109,Treatment with prednisolone improved the pericarditis and motor nerve disturbance and the treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin improved the sensory nerve disturbance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pericarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with prednisolone improved the pericarditis and motor nerve disturbance and the treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin improved the sensory nerve disturbance.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pericarditis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. +16852549,Prednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1106,"Treatment of peripheral T cell lymphoma with an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and prednisolone) and ifosfamide showing an important response and overall survival rates.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of peripheral T cell lymphoma with an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide and prednisolone) and ifosfamide showing an important response and overall survival rates.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"". The statement mentions an intensive protocol ACEP (adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide, and prednisolone) used in treating peripheral T cell lymphoma (a subtype of mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma) along with ifosfamide. The fact that an important response and overall survival rates were observed implies that prednisolone might have contributed positively towards treating mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma as part of the ACEP protocol. However, it is essential to acknowledge that prednisolone is not acting alone in this context; it is one component of a multi-drug regimen. Therefore, any effect observed could be due to synergy between drugs in the protocol rather than prednisolone alone. - The statement indicates that treatment with prednisolone improved the condition of pericarditis in a patient. This implies that prednisolone had a positive effect on pericarditis, which is consistent with the claim that prednisolone can be used to treat pericarditis. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference based on one piece of evidence. A more definitive conclusion would require additional supporting evidence, such as clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of prednisolone in treating pericarditis. + To establish more direct support for prednisolone as an effective treatment for mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymph" +16360878,Prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster,1107,"Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected and treatment with i.v. acyclovir and prednisolone was commenced, which led to a gradual improvement of the clinical condition.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected and treatment with i.v. acyclovir and prednisolone was commenced, which led to a gradual improvement of the clinical condition.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats ophthalmic herpes zoster (herpes zoster ophthalmicus). The statement indicates that treatment involving prednisolone was initiated when herpes zoster ophthalmicus was suspected, and it further notes that there was a gradual improvement in the clinical condition following treatment. This suggests that prednisolone may have contributed to the improvement of the condition, providing some level of indirect support for its effectiveness in treating herpes zoster ophthalmicus. - Furthermore, it is important to note that while prednisolone improved the pericarditis, it also improved motor nerve disturbance in the patient. This suggests that prednisolone may have broader effects beyond just treating pericarditis, which could be a consideration in its use as a treatment. + However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. The improvement in clinical condition may be due solely to the administration of i.v. acyclovir, which is also used in treating herpes zoster ophthalmicus. The statement does not provide direct evidence of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating herpes zoster ophthalmicus as it does not explicitly state that prednisolone was responsible for the improvement in clinical condition. - In conclusion, while the statement does provide some support for the claim that prednisolone treats pericarditis, it is an indirect support based on one piece of evidence, and further investigation would be required for a more" -15104714,Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia,1110,"Airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed by means of image analysis from (1) subjects with mild-to-severe asthma, subjects with nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and healthy control subjects; (2) subjects with eosinophilic severe asthma after treatment with prednisolone; and (3) subject with noneosinophilic asthma before corticosteroid withdrawal.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed by means of image analysis from (1) subjects with mild-to-severe asthma, subjects with nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and healthy control subjects; (2) subjects with eosinophilic severe asthma after treatment with prednisolone; and (3) subject with noneosinophilic asthma before corticosteroid withdrawal.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia."" The statement describes an experiment where airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed in several groups of subjects, including those with eosinophilic severe asthma before treatment with prednisolone (group 2). + Additionally, prednisolone is often used as an anti-inflammatory agent in conjunction with antiviral therapy for herpes zoster ophthal" +15441636,Prednisolone treats lipoma,1108,"Lipomas responded with less lipolysis to isoproterenol than subcutaneous fat during microdialysis, and prednisolone treatment increased lipolysis in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lipoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lipomas responded with less lipolysis to isoproterenol than subcutaneous fat during microdialysis, and prednisolone treatment increased lipolysis in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that prednisolone can influence lipolysis in both lipomas and subcutaneous fat. While it doesn't explicitly say that prednisolone treats lipoma, increased lipolysis could potentially be beneficial in reducing the size of lipomas, which is a key aspect of treating them. However, this is an indirect inference and would need further investigation to confirm. It's also important to consider that treating a condition involves more than just manipulating one biological process; safety, efficacy, dosage, and potential side effects all need to be taken into account. Therefore, while this statement suggests a potential mechanism by which prednisolone might affect lipomas, it doesn't definitively prove that prednisolone is an effective treatment for lipoma." +15369817,Prednisolone treats pericarditis,1109,Treatment with prednisolone improved the pericarditis and motor nerve disturbance and the treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin improved the sensory nerve disturbance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pericarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with prednisolone improved the pericarditis and motor nerve disturbance and the treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin improved the sensory nerve disturbance.""?","Yes, the statement ""Treatment with prednisolone improved the pericarditis and motor nerve disturbance"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats pericarditis. The improvement of pericarditis symptoms in response to prednisolone treatment suggests that prednisolone has therapeutic efficacy for pericarditis. However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, so further evidence would be needed for definitive proof of prednisolone as an effective treatment for pericarditis. - The phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia"" implies that prednisolone has an effect on eosinophilia, which is an abnormal increase in eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the bloodstream or in certain tissues in the body. In this case, pulmonary eosinophilia refers specifically to an increase in eosinophils in lung tissue or airways. + The statement also mentions that ""treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin improved the sensory nerve disturbance,"" which suggests that intravenous immunoglobulin may be an effective treatment for sensory nerve disturbances but does not provide any direct evidence regarding prednisolone's effect on pericarditis specifically. - Although the statement does not explicitly show that prednisolone reduces eosinophilia in lung tissue or airways in these subjects, it does provide evidence that prednisolone is used in treating eosinophil" -14992803,Prednisolone treats aplastic anemia,1111,"We report a case of subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica in a 44-year-old man, who had been treated with systemic prednisolone and cyclosporin for aplastic anemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a case of subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica in a 44-year-old man, who had been treated with systemic prednisolone and cyclosporin for aplastic anemia.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats aplastic anemia based on the provided statement. The individual in question was being treated with prednisolone for aplastic anemia, which suggests that prednisolone is part of the standard treatment regimen for this condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so while prednisolone may be used in treating aplastic anemia, it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone is solely responsible for treating the condition. Other factors, such as cyclosporin in this case, could also be contributing to the treatment of aplastic anemia." -14742554,Prednisolone treats psoriasis,1112,Genetically determined coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis in an HIV-negative patient after prednisolone treatment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Genetically determined coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis in an HIV-negative patient after prednisolone treatment.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that Prednisolone may have some effect on psoriasis. The statement suggests that after prednisolone treatment in an HIV-negative patient, there was a coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis. The occurrence of psoriasis after prednisolone treatment implies that prednisolone might have influenced the condition of psoriasis in some way. However, this is an indirect inference as the statement does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats psoriasis. It is also important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so further evidence would be needed to definitively say that prednisolone treats psoriasis." -14676056,Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion,1113,Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement ""Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium"" does provide some level of indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion"". This is because it suggests that prednisolone is being studied as a potential treatment for recurrent miscarriage in women who have raised levels of uterine natural killer cells in the endometrium. While it doesn't explicitly state that prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion, it does imply that prednisolone could potentially have a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes in certain women, which could include those who have experienced habitual spontaneous abortion. However, it's important to note that this is based on a study protocol, and the results of the study itself would provide more definitive evidence." -14345678,Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,1114,"The second was a 6-year-old boy with acquired relapsing TTP previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, who presented with a third relapse that was treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab; he remains in remission 17 months after treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The second was a 6-year-old boy with acquired relapsing TTP previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, who presented with a third relapse that was treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab; he remains in remission 17 months after treatment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)"". The case describes a patient with acquired relapsing TTP who was previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, indicating that prednisolone was part of the treatment regimen for this patient's TTP episodes. However, it's important to note that the patient also received plasmapheresis, making it impossible to determine whether prednisolone alone was responsible for the improvement. Furthermore, the patient relapsed despite previous treatment with prednisolone, suggesting that prednisolone may not always be effective in treating TTP. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not unequivocal evidence that prednisolone is an effective treatment for TTP." -14012190,Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,1115,"Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment."" + Nonetheless, given that pericarditis is often associated with inflammation, prednisolone's status as an anti-inflammatory drug supports its potential therapeutic utility for pericarditis treatment. However, it is crucial to consider potential side effects" +15104714,Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia,1110,"Airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed by means of image analysis from (1) subjects with mild-to-severe asthma, subjects with nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and healthy control subjects; (2) subjects with eosinophilic severe asthma after treatment with prednisolone; and (3) subject with noneosinophilic asthma before corticosteroid withdrawal.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed by means of image analysis from (1) subjects with mild-to-severe asthma, subjects with nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and healthy control subjects; (2) subjects with eosinophilic severe asthma after treatment with prednisolone; and (3) subject with noneosinophilic asthma before corticosteroid withdrawal.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats pulmonary eosinophilia based on the provided statement. The statement describes an experiment where airway macrophage median percentage of red-hued area in stained sputum cytospin preparations was assessed in three groups of subjects: those with mild-to-severe asthma, nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis, and healthy control subjects; those with eosinophilic severe asthma after treatment with prednisolone; and those with noneosinophilic asthma before corticosteroid withdrawal. - The statement indicates that prednisolone was used in an attempt to treat AILD (a type of lymphoma), but it did not prevent relapse in this particular case. This does not necessarily imply that prednisolone is ineffective for treating angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in general. However, it does suggest that prednisolone alone may not be sufficient for treating AILD in some cases. + The key point here is that prednisolone was administered to subjects with eosinophilic severe asthma (a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the lung). The fact that these subjects were included in the study suggests that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for eosinophilic severe asthma, which is a form of pulmonary eosinophilia. Therefore, if prednisolone" +14992803,Prednisolone treats aplastic anemia,1111,"We report a case of subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica in a 44-year-old man, who had been treated with systemic prednisolone and cyclosporin for aplastic anemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a case of subcutaneous abscess caused by Nocardia farcinica in a 44-year-old man, who had been treated with systemic prednisolone and cyclosporin for aplastic anemia.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats aplastic anemia in the statement provided. The patient in question was being treated for aplastic anemia using prednisolone as part of their therapeutic regimen. The fact that they were receiving prednisolone suggests that it was considered an appropriate treatment for their condition by their medical team. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of prednisolone's efficacy in treating aplastic anemia, as other factors could influence patient outcomes. Additionally, the statement does not provide information about the patient's response to treatment or whether prednisolone was the sole or primary treatment for their aplastic anemia. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is indirect and should be interpreted within the context of the broader medical literature on aplastic anemia treatment." +14742554,Prednisolone treats psoriasis,1112,Genetically determined coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis in an HIV-negative patient after prednisolone treatment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Genetically determined coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis in an HIV-negative patient after prednisolone treatment.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that prednisolone may have some effect on psoriasis. The statement suggests that after prednisolone treatment in an HIV-negative patient, there was a coincidence of Kaposi sarcoma and psoriasis. This implies that prednisolone might have influenced the manifestation of psoriasis in this patient. However, it's important to note that correlation does not imply causation. This observation needs further investigation before any definitive conclusions can be drawn about prednisolone as a treatment for psoriasis. - - It is important to note that medical treatments often involve complex interactions between drugs, diseases, and individual patients. A single case of treatment failure does not necessarily invalidate a drug's therapeutic potential for a given condition. However, it does highlight the need for further investigation into the most effective treatment strategies for AILD, which may involve prednisolone in combination with other therapies. + The statement does not provide enough information about the patient's medical history, the dosage of prednisolone used, the duration of treatment, or how the psoriasis was assessed before and after treatment. Therefore, while there is some suggestive evidence, more rigorous studies would be needed to establish a causal relationship between prednisolone treatment and improvement in psoriasis symptoms. - - In conclusion, while prednisolone may have some therapeutic benefit for" -13758030,Prednisolone treats optic neuritis,1116,Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by high-dose prednisolone in a young woman with optic neuritis owing to disseminated encephalomyelitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by high-dose prednisolone in a young woman with optic neuritis owing to disseminated encephalomyelitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats optic neuritis."" The statement describes a case where high-dose prednisolone induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis in a young woman who had optic neuritis due to disseminated encephalomyelitis. This information suggests that prednisolone may have adverse effects in some individuals and that it might be used in treating certain symptoms related to optic neuritis in specific medical conditions like disseminated encephalomyelitis. However, it does not imply that prednisolone is used for treating optic neuritis in general. + Additionally, it's worth noting that prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation, and it has been used off-label for various dermatological" +14676056,Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion,1113,Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement ""Prednisolone Trial: Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of prednisolone for women with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage and raised levels of uterine natural killer (uNK) cells in the endometrium"" does provide some level of indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion"". This is because it suggests that prednisolone is being studied as a potential treatment for recurrent miscarriage in women who have raised levels of uterine natural killer cells in the endometrium. While it doesn't explicitly state that prednisolone treats habitual spontaneous abortion, it does imply that prednisolone could potentially have a positive effect on pregnancy outcomes in certain women, which could include those who have experienced habitual spontaneous abortion. However, it's important to note that this is based on a study protocol, not actual study results. Therefore, any conclusions about the effectiveness of prednisolone for treating habitual spontaneous abortion would be premature at this stage." +14345678,Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,1114,"The second was a 6-year-old boy with acquired relapsing TTP previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, who presented with a third relapse that was treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab; he remains in remission 17 months after treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The second was a 6-year-old boy with acquired relapsing TTP previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, who presented with a third relapse that was treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab; he remains in remission 17 months after treatment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)"". The case describes a patient with acquired relapsing TTP who was previously managed with plasmapheresis and prednisolone, indicating that prednisolone was part of the treatment regimen for this patient's TTP episodes. However, it's important to note that the patient also received plasmapheresis, making it impossible to determine whether prednisolone alone was responsible for the improvement. Additionally, the patient relapsed despite previous treatment with prednisolone, suggesting that it may not be consistently effective for all patients. Therefore, while there is some support for the statement, it is not direct or definitive evidence that prednisolone is an effective treatment for TTP on its own." +14012190,Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,1115,"Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment."" - To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone treats optic neuritis,"" one would need evidence showing that prednisolone is systematically administered in cases of optic neuritis without any concurrent conditions that might require its use (e.g., disseminated encephalomyelitis). Additionally, such evidence should demonstrate that prednisolone alleviates symptoms of optic neuritis more effectively than placebo or alternative treatments in well-controlled clinical trials. + The statement ""Three months later, AILD relapsed in spite of prednisolone treatment"" suggests that prednisolone was not effective in treating AILD (Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma) in this particular case. The word ""in spite"" indicates that despite the use of prednisolone, the disease still progressed. This is actually evidence against prednisolone being an effective treatment for AILD, not in support of it. - The statement" -13566191,Prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma,1117,"The addition of rituximab to cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (CVP) for advanced follicular lymphoma increases median time to progression by 17 months.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The addition of rituximab to cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (CVP) for advanced follicular lymphoma increases median time to progression by 17 months.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma. The statement indicates that adding rituximab to a treatment regimen that includes prednisolone (among other drugs) increases the median time to progression in advanced follicular lymphoma by 17 months. However, it does not provide any information about the specific effects of prednisolone on follicular lymphoma. Therefore, it does not support the claim that prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma." -13327146,Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,1118,"Here 2 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a family (brother and sister), treated with prednisolone with complete remission are reported.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here 2 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a family (brother and sister), treated with prednisolone with complete remission are reported.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" The reported cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in siblings who were treated with prednisolone and experienced complete remission suggest that prednisolone may be an effective treatment for this condition. However, it is important to note that this is based on only two cases, which limits the generalizability of these findings. Ideally, larger-scale clinical trials would be conducted to confirm these results. Additionally, while prednisolone may be an effective treatment for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, it is likely not the only treatment option available, and its use should be considered in the context of potential side effects and other individual patient factors." + It is important to note that drug effectiveness can vary from person to person due to individual genetic factors, comorbidities, dosage, and other factors. Therefore, one case of treatment failure does not necessarily mean that prednisolone is ineffective for all patients with AILD. However, it does not provide support for the claim that prednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma. + + Furthermore, for" +13758030,Prednisolone treats optic neuritis,1116,Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by high-dose prednisolone in a young woman with optic neuritis owing to disseminated encephalomyelitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by high-dose prednisolone in a young woman with optic neuritis owing to disseminated encephalomyelitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats optic neuritis."" In fact, it suggests that prednisolone may induce acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis in some individuals who have optic neuritis owing to disseminated encephalomyelitis. The statement highlights an adverse reaction to prednisolone rather than its therapeutic effect on optic neuritis." +13566191,Prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma,1117,"The addition of rituximab to cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (CVP) for advanced follicular lymphoma increases median time to progression by 17 months.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The addition of rituximab to cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (CVP) for advanced follicular lymphoma increases median time to progression by 17 months.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats follicular lymphoma."" + + The statement suggests that the addition of rituximab to a treatment regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone (CVP) can increase the median time to progression for advanced follicular lymphoma by 17 months. However, it does not specify that prednisolone has any therapeutic effect on follicular lymphoma when used outside of this combination therapy. Therefore, it is not possible to infer from this statement that prednisolone alone is an effective treatment for follicular lymphoma." +13327146,Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,1118,"Here 2 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a family (brother and sister), treated with prednisolone with complete remission are reported.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here 2 cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a family (brother and sister), treated with prednisolone with complete remission are reported.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" The report of two cases of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in a family (brother and sister) who were treated with prednisolone and experienced complete remission suggests that prednisolone may be an effective treatment for this condition. However, it is important to note that this is based on only two cases, so further research would be needed to confirm these findings and establish prednisolone as a standard treatment for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Additionally, the statement does not provide information on potential side effects or other factors that may need to be considered when using prednisolone as a treatment." 13311736,Prednisolone treats neoplasm,1119,FDG-PET was performed in rats bearing BCG granulomas or tumors before and after prednisolone treatment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""FDG-PET was performed in rats bearing BCG granulomas or tumors before and after prednisolone treatment.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that prednisolone may have an effect on neoplasm (tumors). The statement mentions that FDG-PET was performed in rats bearing BCG granulomas or tumors before and after prednisolone treatment. FDG-PET is a type of imaging that is used in cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring because it can show areas of increased metabolic activity, such as tumors. The fact that prednisolone treatment is being studied in relation to these FDG-PET scans suggests that there is an interest in understanding its effect on these tumors. However, it's important to note that this does not confirm that prednisolone treats neoplasm, but rather it indicates that there is ongoing research in this area." -12767794,Prednisolone treats pneumonia,1120,"After recovering from pneumonia, she was treated initially with prednisolone, 30 mg/day, and remained well until she developed hemoptysis at age 34 years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After recovering from pneumonia, she was treated initially with prednisolone, 30 mg/day, and remained well until she developed hemoptysis at age 34 years.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats pneumonia based on the provided statement. The patient was given prednisolone after recovering from pneumonia, which suggests that prednisolone may have contributed to her recovery or prevented further complications related to pneumonia. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. The patient may have recovered from pneumonia due to other factors such as antibiotics or her body's natural immune response. Additionally, prednisolone is often used to treat inflammatory conditions, which could have been a factor in her recovery from pneumonia. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not definitive proof that prednisolone treats pneumonia. Further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship." -12190701,Prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1121,Fifteen patients 60 to 80 years old (a mean of 72 years) with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated with low dose prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fifteen patients 60 to 80 years old (a mean of 72 years) with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated with low dose prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement does provide some support for the claim that prednisolone can be used in treating prostate cancer, specifically in patients who have become refractory to hormone therapy. However, it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Castration-resistant prostate cancer is a specific type of hormone-refractory prostate cancer where cancer growth continues despite medical or surgical castration (lowering of testosterone levels). Therefore, while the statement supports the use of prednisolone in treating prostate cancer, it does not provide direct support for its use in treating castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Further evidence would be needed to make that claim." -11988157,Prednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1122,"CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen used for diffuse large cell lymphomas for over 30 years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen used for diffuse large cell lymphomas for over 30 years.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim that CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen for diffuse large B-cell lymphomas for over 30 years suggests that prednisolone is an effective component of this treatment regimen for this type of lymphoma. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is not acting alone in the CHOP regimen; it is one of four drugs used in combination. Therefore, while there is indirect support for prednisolone's efficacy in treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as part of the CHOP regimen, it does not necessarily imply that prednisolone alone can treat this type of lymphoma effectively." -11889996,Prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,1123,"Six patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were treated with prednisolone (1 to 2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days (from days 10 to 12 after the onset of the illness) after apparently unsuccessful treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, 2 g/kg/dose and additional 1 g/kg/dose).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were treated with prednisolone (1 to 2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days (from days 10 to 12 after the onset of the illness) after apparently unsuccessful treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, 2 g/kg/dose and additional 1 g/kg/dose).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (a common name for Kawasaki disease). The statement describes six patients with Kawasaki disease who were treated with prednisolone after initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was unsuccessful. The fact that prednisolone was used as a secondary treatment suggests that it was considered likely to be effective in treating Kawasaki disease. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence, as it doesn't demonstrate a direct causal relationship between prednisolone and improvement in Kawasaki disease symptoms. It also doesn't rule out the possibility that the patients might have recovered without prednisolone treatment. For a stronger confirmation of the claim, a randomized controlled trial would be more convincing." -11813573,Prednisolone treats focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,1124,"RESULTS: Of 136 patients with primary FSGS and nephrotic range proteinuria, 76 (56%) were treated with prednisolone and of this group, 59% were treated with additional immunosuppression.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Of 136 patients with primary FSGS and nephrotic range proteinuria, 76 (56%) were treated with prednisolone and of this group, 59% were treated with additional immunosuppression.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The text indicates that of 136 patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and nephrotic range proteinuria, 76 (56%) were treated with prednisolone. This implies that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for FSGS in at least some cases. However, it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats FSGS; it only shows an association between prednisolone treatment and FSGS patients. - - Furthermore, the statement mentions that 59% of those treated with prednisolone also received additional immunosuppression therapy. This suggests that prednisolone may not be sufficient as a standalone treatment for FSGS in many cases, requiring combination therapy for optimal outcomes. - - Nonetheless, it is important to note that association does not imply causation; therefore, while prednisolone may be used in treating FSGS based on clinical judgment or empirical evidence, further studies would be required to establish its efficacy as a definitive treatment for FSGS." -11810617,Prednisolone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia,1125,"METHODS: Growth parameters of twelve children (8 m, 4 f) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were retrospectively studied while on treatment with prednisolone (PR) earlier and then hydrocortisone (HC) after it became freely available in India.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Growth parameters of twelve children (8 m, 4 f) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were retrospectively studied while on treatment with prednisolone (PR) earlier and then hydrocortisone (HC) after it became freely available in India.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The methodology describes a retrospective study of growth parameters in children diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) who were treated with prednisolone (PR) before hydrocortisone (HC) became available in India. The fact that these patients were undergoing treatment implies that there was an expectation of therapeutic benefit from prednisolone in managing their condition. - - However, it is important to note that an indirect supportive statement does not equate to definitive evidence of treatment efficacy for several reasons. Firstly, absence of a control group receiving no treatment or an alternative treatment makes it difficult to isolate prednisolone as the causative factor for any observed effects on growth parameters. Secondly, growth parameters can be influenced by various factors unrelated to treatment, such as diet, genetics, and overall health status of the patients. Lastly, retrospective studies have inherent limitations such as potential recall bias and missing data that can affect the validity of conclusions drawn from them. - - Therefore, while there is some level of indirect support for prednisolone treating congenital adrenal hyperpl" -11808057,Prednisolone treats keratitis,1126,Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats keratitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats keratitis. This is because prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with treating keratitis in an experimental setting in the statement provided. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is used in combination with ciprofloxacin in this study, so its specific effects cannot be isolated. Additionally, while this statement does provide some evidence for prednisolone as a treatment for keratitis in an experimental model, it does not necessarily translate to human clinical settings without further investigation. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim based on this statement, it is not definitive proof of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating keratitis in all contexts." -11527350,"Prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic",1127,"Prednicarbate is a non-halogenated, double-ester derivative of prednisolone that has become of interest for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, for example atopic dermatitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednicarbate is a non-halogenated, double-ester derivative of prednisolone that has become of interest for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, for example atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic from the provided statement. The statement indicates that prednicarbate, which is a derivative of prednisolone, has been studied for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is known to have anti-inflammatory effects when applied topically. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that prednisolone could potentially be used for treating atopic dermatitis based on its derivative prednicarbate being studied for that purpose. However, it is important to note that further direct evidence would be needed to definitively support this claim." -11526277,Prednisolone treats kidney disorder,1128,"AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy combined with mizoribine (PWDM) in the treatment of diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in comparison with prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy without mizoribine (PWD) and with methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PWD pulse).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy combined with mizoribine (PWDM) in the treatment of diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in comparison with prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy without mizoribine (PWD) and with methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PWD pulse).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats kidney disorder. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone in combination therapies for treating diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, which is a kidney disorder. The fact that prednisolone is included in these therapeutic regimens suggests that it has some efficacy in treating kidney disorders, even though the statement does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats kidney disorders on its own. However, it is important to note that further investigation would be necessary to confirm prednisolone's specific effects on kidney disorders when used without other medications mentioned in the study." -11497678,Prednisolone treats infertility disorder,1129,"In this double blind cross-over study, 20 infertile men, who had sperm antibodies detected by the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR test) in the ejaculate and by the tray agglutination test (TAT) in serum, were treated with 40 mg/day prednisolone or placebo from days 1 to 10 of the partners' menstrual cycle.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this double blind cross-over study, 20 infertile men, who had sperm antibodies detected by the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR test) in the ejaculate and by the tray agglutination test (TAT) in serum, were treated with 40 mg/day prednisolone or placebo from days 1 to 10 of the partners' menstrual cycle.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly claim that prednisolone treats infertility disorders, it does provide indirect support for such a claim. This is because it describes a double-blind cross-over study where 20 infertile men with sperm antibodies were treated with prednisolone. The fact that a study was conducted implies that there is some basis for believing that prednisolone might have an effect on infertility disorders, at least in men with sperm antibodies. However, it is important to note that the statement does not provide information about the results of the study, so we cannot determine whether prednisolone was effective in treating infertility disorders in this specific population. Furthermore, even if the study found prednisolone to be effective, it would not necessarily mean that prednisolone treats all types of infertility disorders, as the study focused on men with sperm antibodies specifically. Therefore, while the statement does provide some indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats infertility disorders, it does not provide definitive proof, and further research would be needed to confirm this claim." -11373326,Prednisolone treats prostate cancer,1130,BACKGROUND: We conducted this retrospective study to analyze a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone and prednisolone (MP) in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: We conducted this retrospective study to analyze a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone and prednisolone (MP) in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats prostate cancer."" The provided background statement is about a retrospective study analyzing a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone and prednisolone (MP) in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer. However, it does not mention any therapeutic effects of prednisolone on prostate cancer; instead, it focuses on the dose schedule of MP in specific patients. Therefore, it does not provide any evidence or support for the claim that prednisolone treats prostate cancer." -11166363,Prednisolone treats canker sore,1131,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats canker sore"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats canker sores (aphthous ulcers of the mouth). The text explicitly mentions prednisolone being used in combination with other drugs for treating erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth, which includes canker sores as they are also classified as a type of aphthous ulcer. However, it is important to note that the claim is not explicitly supported as it refers specifically to canker sores without mentioning any combination therapy. Additionally, further investigation would be required to determine if prednisolone is effective as a standalone treatment for canker sores based on this statement alone." -11166362,Prednisolone treats lichen planus,1132,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lichen planus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lichen planus"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that prednisolone has been used in combination with other drugs for treating various dermatologic disorders, including lichen planus. This implies that prednisolone has some efficacy in treating lichen planus, even if it is typically used in conjunction with other treatments. However, it is important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not provide direct clinical trial results or detailed information about dosages, treatment durations, or patient outcomes. Therefore, while it suggests that prednisolone may be useful in treating lichen planus, it does not definitively prove this claim." -11166361,Prednisolone treats erythema multiforme,1133,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats erythema multiforme"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats erythema multiforme"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that prednisolone has been used in combination with other drugs for treating certain dermatologic disorders, including erythema multiforme. This suggests that prednisolone has some efficacy in treating erythema multiforme, even if it is typically used in combination with other treatments. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not constitute direct proof of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating erythema multiforme. For a more definitive conclusion, a direct study of prednisolone's effects on erythema multiforme would be necessary." -10782301,Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency,1134,Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency.""?","Yes, the statement ""Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency."" - - The title of the study suggests that it is re-evaluating the relative potency of Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency, which implies that Prednisolone is indeed used in the treatment of this condition. However, it should be noted that while an indirect support is provided, it does not constitute direct evidence of Prednisolone's effectiveness in treating adrenocortical insufficiency. A more thorough examination of the study would be required to make such a determination. This includes reading the abstract, methods, results, and conclusions of the study to understand how it was conducted, what it found, and how those results support (or do not support) the claim in question." -10757066,Prednisolone treats atopic eczema,1135,[Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants].""?","Yes, the statement ""Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats atopic eczema. This is because it suggests that prednisolone has been used in therapeutic settings for treating eczema in both young and older infants, implying some degree of efficacy in these patient populations. However, it should be noted that this does not constitute direct evidence of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating atopic eczema specifically, as eczema is an umbrella term that encompasses various skin conditions characterized by inflammation. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to establish whether prednisolone is an effective treatment for atopic eczema in particular." -10671990,Prednisolone treats Headache,1136,"We report a patient with neuro-Behcet's syndrome presenting with headache and personality change in whom CT and MRI brain imaging was normal, but regional cerebral blood flow imaging using single photon emission tomography with the tracer HMPAO showed extensive perfusion deficits which partially reversed after 3 months of prednisolone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a patient with neuro-Behcet's syndrome presenting with headache and personality change in whom CT and MRI brain imaging was normal, but regional cerebral blood flow imaging using single photon emission tomography with the tracer HMPAO showed extensive perfusion deficits which partially reversed after 3 months of prednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats headache. The patient in question was diagnosed with neuro-Behcet's syndrome and was experiencing headaches along with personality changes. The statement reports that after three months of prednisolone therapy, there was a partial reversal of extensive perfusion deficits as shown by single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging. While the statement does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats headaches, it does suggest that the therapy had a positive effect on the patient's condition, which included headaches. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one case report, and further studies would be needed to confirm this effect." -10574410,Prednisolone treats synovitis,1137,Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats synovitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats synovitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis."" This is because synovitis is explicitly mentioned as one of the conditions treated by prednisolone in the statement. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is often used in combination with other treatments (such as meticortelone in this case), so further investigation would be needed to determine its specific efficacy in treating synovitis." -10574409,Prednisolone treats epicondylitis,1138,Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats epicondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats epicondylitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis."" +12767794,Prednisolone treats pneumonia,1120,"After recovering from pneumonia, she was treated initially with prednisolone, 30 mg/day, and remained well until she developed hemoptysis at age 34 years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After recovering from pneumonia, she was treated initially with prednisolone, 30 mg/day, and remained well until she developed hemoptysis at age 34 years.""?","Yes, while not a direct causal relationship between prednisolone and treating pneumonia in this specific case, there is indirect support for prednisolone being used as part of pneumonia treatment based on the provided statement. Prednisolone is an anti-inflammatory medication often used in treating inflammatory conditions associated with pneumonia. The statement shows that prednisolone was administered after pneumonia recovery but does not explicitly mention its purpose; however, given its common use for treating inflammation related to pneumonia, it can be inferred that it might have played a part in managing pneumonia-related complications in this case. It is important to note that further investigation would be required for more definitive conclusions about prednisolone's specific effects on pneumonia treatment in general or in similar cases." +12190701,Prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1121,Fifteen patients 60 to 80 years old (a mean of 72 years) with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated with low dose prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fifteen patients 60 to 80 years old (a mean of 72 years) with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were treated with low dose prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement provides evidence that prednisolone was used in treating patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer, which is a form of castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. However, it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. The strength of the support depends on other factors such as the clinical outcomes of the treatment and whether there were any controls in the study. It is also important to note that hormone-refractory prostate cancer is not always equivalent to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma, although they often overlap. Therefore, while the statement does provide some level of support for the claim, it is not definitive proof." +11988157,Prednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1122,"CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen used for diffuse large cell lymphomas for over 30 years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen used for diffuse large cell lymphomas for over 30 years.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim that CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone) has been the standard chemotherapy regimen for diffuse large B-cell lymphomas for over 30 years suggests that each component of the CHOP regimen, including prednisolone, contributes to its efficacy in treating this type of lymphoma. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is not acting alone in treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the context of CHOP therapy; it is part of a combination regimen that includes other drugs as well. Therefore, while there is indirect support for prednisolone's use in treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma as part of CHOP therapy, it would be inaccurate to claim that prednisolone alone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma based on this information alone." +11889996,Prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,1123,"Six patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were treated with prednisolone (1 to 2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days (from days 10 to 12 after the onset of the illness) after apparently unsuccessful treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, 2 g/kg/dose and additional 1 g/kg/dose).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) were treated with prednisolone (1 to 2 mg/kg/day) for 3 days (from days 10 to 12 after the onset of the illness) after apparently unsuccessful treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG, 2 g/kg/dose and additional 1 g/kg/dose).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,"" which is another name for Kawasaki disease (KD). The statement describes six patients with KD who were treated with prednisolone after initial treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) was unsuccessful. The use of prednisolone in an attempt to treat KD suggests that it was considered a viable treatment option for the disease, providing indirect support for the efficacy of prednisolone in treating KD. However, it is important to note that this is not direct evidence of prednisolone's effectiveness in treating KD, as it does not include information on the patients' outcomes after prednisolone treatment." +11813573,Prednisolone treats focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,1124,"RESULTS: Of 136 patients with primary FSGS and nephrotic range proteinuria, 76 (56%) were treated with prednisolone and of this group, 59% were treated with additional immunosuppression.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Of 136 patients with primary FSGS and nephrotic range proteinuria, 76 (56%) were treated with prednisolone and of this group, 59% were treated with additional immunosuppression.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The text indicates that 56% of patients with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and nephrotic range proteinuria were treated with prednisolone. However, it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats FSGS. - The justification for this decision is based on the fact that prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with epicondylitis in the provided statement. Although meticortelone is also mentioned alongside prednisolone, it does not negate the association of prednisolone with epicondylitis. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid steroid that has anti-inflammatory effects, making it plausible for use in treating epicondylitis, which is an inflammatory condition commonly known as tennis elbow. + The indirect support comes from the fact that prednisolone was used as a treatment in more than half of the patients with FSGS, suggesting that it is considered a viable treatment option for this condition. Furthermore, additional immunosuppression was used in 59% of those treated with prednisolone, which may suggest that prednisolone alone was not always sufficient in managing FSGS, but it was still part of the treatment regimen for these patients. - However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support for prednisolone treating epicondylitis based on the provided statement, it does not constitute definitive evidence of its efficacy in treating epicondylitis. Further investigation through well-designed clinical trials is necessary for establishing such evidence-based conclusions regarding prednisolone as an effective treatment for" -10565149,Prednisolone treats osteoarthritis,1139,"Intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone, and their tertiary-butylacetate derivatives in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone, and their tertiary-butylacetate derivatives in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats osteoarthritis based on the provided statement. The statement mentions that intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone have been used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid steroid that is commonly used in treating inflammatory conditions such as arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory effects. + However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. While prednisolone may be used in treating FSGS, it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone treats FSGS. Further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between prednisolone treatment and improvement in FSGS symptoms." +11810617,Prednisolone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia,1125,"METHODS: Growth parameters of twelve children (8 m, 4 f) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were retrospectively studied while on treatment with prednisolone (PR) earlier and then hydrocortisone (HC) after it became freely available in India.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Growth parameters of twelve children (8 m, 4 f) with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were retrospectively studied while on treatment with prednisolone (PR) earlier and then hydrocortisone (HC) after it became freely available in India.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study involves children diagnosed with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) who were treated with prednisolone (PR). The fact that growth parameters were studied during their treatment period suggests that there might have been some effect of prednisolone on their condition. However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence of prednisolone treating CAH; it only implies a possible association between PR use and growth parameters in CAH patients. Further investigation would be required to establish causality and determine the specific therapeutic effects of prednisolone on CAH symptoms." +11808057,Prednisolone treats keratitis,1126,Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats keratitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin and prednisolone therapy for experimental Pseudomonas keratitis"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats keratitis. This is because prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with ciprofloxacin as part of a therapy for treating experimental Pseudomonas keratitis. - While rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, osteoarthritis is primarily a degenerative joint disease resulting from wear-and-tear on articular cartilage. However, osteoarthritis can still involve local inflammation in affected joints that may respond to anti-inflammatory treatments like prednisolone injections. + Keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea that can be caused by bacterial infections like Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Experimental Pseudomonas keratitis in this case). The statement suggests that both ciprofloxacin (an antibiotic) and prednisolone (a corticosteroid) were used in treating this condition. Prednisolone is often prescribed in cases of keratitis due to its anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce inflammation in the cornea. - It is important to note that while prednisolone may provide some symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis patients due to its anti-inflammatory effects, it does not alter the underlying disease" -10557390,Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease,1140,On the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease."" The provided statement discusses the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone, which implies that these drugs may be associated with an increased risk of developing peptic ulcers rather than treating them. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions; it is not typically used as a primary treatment for peptic ulcer disease." -10513879,Prednisolone treats celiac disease,1141,The simultaneous correction of plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in non-tropical sprue treated with prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats celiac disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The simultaneous correction of plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in non-tropical sprue treated with prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats celiac disease. + However, it is important to note that prednisolone should be used cautiously in treating bacterial keratitis as it can suppress the immune response and potentially worsen the infection if used alone without an antibiotic" +11527350,"Prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic",1127,"Prednicarbate is a non-halogenated, double-ester derivative of prednisolone that has become of interest for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, for example atopic dermatitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednicarbate is a non-halogenated, double-ester derivative of prednisolone that has become of interest for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, for example atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"" from the provided statement about Prednicarbate being derived from Prednisolone and used for treating inflammatory skin diseases like atopic dermatitis. - The statement suggests that prednisolone may be used to correct plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in non-tropical sprue (a synonym for celiac disease). However, treating symptoms is not equivalent to treating the disease itself. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically susceptible individuals, leading to damage in the small intestine. While prednisolone might help manage some symptoms associated with celiac disease, it does not treat the underlying cause of gluten intolerance. Therefore, it cannot be concluded that prednisolone treats celiac disease based on this statement alone." -10509017,Prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1142,"One had received four weekly cycles of prednisolone, Adriamycin, vincristine and 5-fluorouracil for an inoperable HCC with a 10-cm diameter, and the other had received localised synchronised hepatic irradiation and Adriamycin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One had received four weekly cycles of prednisolone, Adriamycin, vincristine and 5-fluorouracil for an inoperable HCC with a 10-cm diameter, and the other had received localised synchronised hepatic irradiation and Adriamycin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The statement only mentions that one patient received prednisolone as part of a combination therapy for an inoperable HCC. It does not specify whether it was the prednisolone, another component of the therapy, or the combination that had any effect on the HCC. Therefore, no conclusions can be drawn about the efficacy of prednisolone in treating HCC based on this information alone." -10502737,Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia,1143,"[A case of hemolytic anemia with generalized agglutination, treated with ACTH, cortisone, and prednisolone].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of hemolytic anemia with generalized agglutination, treated with ACTH, cortisone, and prednisolone].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia"". The case describes a patient suffering from hemolytic anemia who was treated with prednisolone among other medications (ACTH and cortisone). The fact that prednisolone was used in the treatment regimen suggests that it was considered potentially beneficial for hemolytic anemia. However, it's important to note that correlation does not imply causation. This single case does not definitively prove that prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia, but it does provide some evidence to support that possibility. Further studies would be needed to confirm this hypothesis." -10335998,Prednisolone treats pemphigus,1144,"OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pemphigus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that prednisolone treats pemphigus. The statement ""OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus"" implies that prednisolone is being used as part of the treatment regimen for pemphigus. The fact that it is used in combination with mycophenolate mofetil suggests that prednisolone has some efficacy in treating pemphigus, otherwise it would not be included in the treatment of severe, refractory cases. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not provide direct clinical outcomes or efficacy rates for prednisolone alone in treating pemphigus." -10020250,Prednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1145,"Under the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, she was treated with combination chemotherapy containing pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Under the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, she was treated with combination chemotherapy containing pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats Hodgkin's lymphoma (also known as Hodgkin's disease). The patient was treated with combination chemotherapy that included prednisolone as one of its components. This suggests that prednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for Hodgkin's lymphoma in this case. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is often used as an adjunct treatment in combination therapies for various conditions due to its immunosuppressive properties; therefore, it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone alone is sufficient for treating Hodgkin's lymphoma. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid steroid hormone used in various treatments including atopic dermatitis due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Prednicarbate is created by modifying Prednisolone through esterification at both 16α and 21 positions, which enhances its lipophilicity and prolongs its duration of action when compared to Prednisolone. - In order to make more definitive conclusions about prednisolone's efficacy in treating Hodgkin's lymphoma, additional information from clinical trials or studies specifically investigating prednisolone as a treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma would be required. Additionally, understanding prednisolone's mechanism of action in combination therapies for Hodgkin's lymphoma would provide further insight into its specific" -9848677,Prednisolone treats Inflammation,1146,"Patients who remain high transporters with inflammatory reaction might require pharmacologic intervention, including prednisolone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Patients who remain high transporters with inflammatory reaction might require pharmacologic intervention, including prednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Inflammation"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement suggests that in certain circumstances, such as when patients remain high transporters with an inflammatory reaction, prednisolone therapy might be required. This implies that prednisolone has an anti-inflammatory effect, which aligns with the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Inflammation"". However, it is important to note that prednisolone is used to manage inflammation in specific contexts and conditions, rather than inflammation in general. Therefore, while there is indirect support, it is not an absolute or universal truth that prednisolone treats inflammation in all instances." -9729887,Prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis,1147,"[Comparative characteristics of the spectrum of free amino acids of blood serum and urine in children with glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone, leukeran and anabolic steroids].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Comparative characteristics of the spectrum of free amino acids of blood serum and urine in children with glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone, leukeran and anabolic steroids].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis. The title of the study suggests that it is investigating the effects of various treatments, including prednisolone, on children with glomerulonephritis. The fact that prednisolone is included in this study implies that it is being considered as a potential treatment for the condition. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. To fully evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone in treating glomerulonephritis, one would need to examine the methods, results, and conclusions of the study in detail." -9717382,Prednisolone treats hemangioma,1148,"Management of hemangioma included observation, prednisolone, flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser, topical therapy and excision in 68 per cent, 8.6 per cent, 10.7 per cent, 9.6 per cent, and 2.5 per cent, respectively.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemangioma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Management of hemangioma included observation, prednisolone, flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser, topical therapy and excision in 68 per cent, 8.6 per cent, 10.7 per cent, 9.6 per cent, and 2.5 per cent, respectively.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemangioma"". The text mentions that prednisolone was used in the management of hemangioma in 8.6% of cases, which implies that prednisolone was employed as a treatment for hemangioma. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation - just because prednisolone was used in these cases does not necessarily mean it was responsible for treating the hemangioma. Further evidence would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between prednisolone use and successful treatment of hemangioma." -9668241,Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia,1149,The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement ""The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia"" (PRCA). + The fact that Prednicarbate is used for treating atopic dermatitis implies that its parent molecule Prednisolone shares similar therapeutic properties for treating inflammatory skin conditions like atopic dermatitis. Therefore, there is an indirect relationship between Prednisolone treating atopic dermatitis based on Prednicarbate's use in such treatments. - AIHA stands for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, which is a different condition from PRCA. However, both conditions affect red blood cells, and prednisolone is an immunosuppressive drug that can help manage autoimmune disorders by suppressing the immune system's response. Therefore, it is plausible that prednisolone could also be effective in treating PRCA, as suggested in the initial phrase. + However, it is important to note that direct clinical trials may be required for definit" +11526277,Prednisolone treats kidney disorder,1128,"AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy combined with mizoribine (PWDM) in the treatment of diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in comparison with prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy without mizoribine (PWD) and with methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PWD pulse).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy combined with mizoribine (PWDM) in the treatment of diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy in comparison with prednisolone, warfarin, and dipyridamole therapy without mizoribine (PWD) and with methylprednisolone pulse therapy (PWD pulse).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats kidney disorder. The study aims to evaluate the efficacy of prednisolone in combination therapies for treating diffuse immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy, which is a kidney disorder. The fact that prednisolone is included in these treatment regimens suggests that it has some therapeutic effect on kidney disorders, even if it is not acting alone. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the use of prednisolone in treating IgA nephropathy within these specific therapeutic regimens; it does not provide direct evidence that prednisolone alone treats kidney disorders." +11497678,Prednisolone treats infertility disorder,1129,"In this double blind cross-over study, 20 infertile men, who had sperm antibodies detected by the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR test) in the ejaculate and by the tray agglutination test (TAT) in serum, were treated with 40 mg/day prednisolone or placebo from days 1 to 10 of the partners' menstrual cycle.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this double blind cross-over study, 20 infertile men, who had sperm antibodies detected by the mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR test) in the ejaculate and by the tray agglutination test (TAT) in serum, were treated with 40 mg/day prednisolone or placebo from days 1 to 10 of the partners' menstrual cycle.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study mentions that 20 infertile men with sperm antibodies detected by MAR test in the ejaculate and TAT in serum were treated with prednisolone. However, it does not provide information on the outcomes of this treatment, such as pregnancy rates or changes in sperm quality. Therefore, while there is some support for prednisolone being used in infertile men with sperm antibodies, further investigation is needed to determine if it indeed ""treats infertility disorder.""" +11373326,Prednisolone treats prostate cancer,1130,BACKGROUND: We conducted this retrospective study to analyze a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone and prednisolone (MP) in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: We conducted this retrospective study to analyze a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone and prednisolone (MP) in patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats prostate cancer."" The study mentioned is investigating a modified dose schedule of mitoxantrone in combination with prednisolone for treating patients with androgen-independent prostate cancer. The focus of the study is on mitoxantrone-prednisolone combination therapy rather than prednisolone alone as a treatment for prostate cancer. - That being said, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. A direct study focusing on PRCA would be required to confirm the efficacy of prednisolone in treating pure red-cell aplasia." -9538921,Prednisolone treats Graves disease,1150,"She was diagnosed as having Graves' disease and was treated with propylthiouracil, and prednisolone was given for neck pain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Graves disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""She was diagnosed as having Graves' disease and was treated with propylthiouracil, and prednisolone was given for neck pain.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats Graves disease based on the statement provided. The individual was diagnosed with Graves disease and treated with propylthiouracil, which is a common medication used to manage hyperthyroidism associated with Graves disease (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases). Additionally, prednisolone was given for neck pain. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid often prescribed for its anti-inflammatory effects (Mayo Clinic). The concurrent use of prednisolone in managing Graves disease may suggest that it also has some impact on alleviating symptoms related to Graves disease, such as reducing inflammation in the thyroid gland or addressing symptoms of hyperthyroidism (Bahn et al., 2011). However, it is essential to note that prednisolone is not typically considered a primary treatment for Graves disease; rather, it might be used as an adjunct therapy for specific symptoms in certain situations. + To provide indirect support for prednisolone as an effective treatment for prostate cancer, one would need evidence showing that prednisolone alone has beneficial effects on prostate cancer patients in either preclinical studies (e.g., in vitro experiments, animal models) or clinical trials specifically designed to test its efficacy as a single agent for treating prostate cancer. - Bahn, R. S., Burch, H. B., Cooper, D. S., Garber, J." -9135976,Prednisolone treats sarcoidosis,1151,"Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sarcoidosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats sarcoidosis. The study includes patients with sarcoidosis who were treated with prednisolone, which suggests that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for sarcoidosis in clinical practice. + It is important to note that combining prednisolone with other therapeutic agents can have synergistic effects that enhance overall treatment efficacy without necessarily implying that prednisolone alone is an effective treatment for prostate cancer." +11166363,Prednisolone treats canker sore,1131,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats canker sore"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats canker sores (aphthous ulcers of the mouth). The text explicitly mentions prednisolone being used in combination with other drugs for treating erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth, which includes canker sores as they are also classified as a type of aphthous ulcer. However, it is important to note that the claim specifically mentions prednisolone treating canker sores without any mention of other drugs being used in combination, while the supporting statement mentions its use in combination with other drugs for treatment. Therefore, while there is indirect support for prednisolone being used in treatment of canker sores, further evidence would be needed to confirm its effectiveness when used alone for treating canker sores specifically." +11166362,Prednisolone treats lichen planus,1132,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lichen planus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lichen planus"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that prednisolone has been used in combination with other drugs for treating various dermatologic disorders, including lichen planus. This implies that prednisolone has some efficacy in treating lichen planus, even if it is typically used in conjunction with other treatments. However, it is important to note that indirect support is not as strong as direct evidence, and further research would be needed to confirm prednisolone's effectiveness in treating lichen planus when used alone." +11166361,Prednisolone treats erythema multiforme,1133,"It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats erythema multiforme"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It has also been used in combination with other drugs for treating a number of dermatologic disorders, e.g. in combination with cimetidine for treating recalcitrant warts, with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats erythema multiforme. The phrase ""with prednisolone for treating lichen planus, erythema multiforme and aphthous ulcers of the mouth"" suggests that prednisolone is used in combination with other drugs for treating erythema multiforme. However, it doesn't explicitly state that prednisolone alone treats erythema multiforme. Therefore, the support is indirect and based on the context provided in the statement." +10782301,Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency,1134,Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats adrenocortical insufficiency"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Prednisolone in the treatment of adrenal insufficiency: a re-evaluation of relative potency."" This is because the title itself suggests that prednisolone has been studied in relation to adrenal insufficiency (also known as adrenocortical insufficiency), implying its use as a treatment for this condition. However, it is important to note that while the title provides some level of support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof. To fully substantiate the claim, one would need to review the contents of the study itself, including its methodology, results, and conclusions." +10757066,Prednisolone treats atopic eczema,1135,[Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats atopic eczema"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""[Results of prednisolone therapy of eczemas in very young and older infants]."" This is because the statement suggests that prednisolone has been used in therapy for eczemas in both young and older infants, which implies that it may have some effect on treating eczema. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect support. A more direct support would require specific details about the effectiveness of prednisolone in treating atopic eczema." +10671990,Prednisolone treats Headache,1136,"We report a patient with neuro-Behcet's syndrome presenting with headache and personality change in whom CT and MRI brain imaging was normal, but regional cerebral blood flow imaging using single photon emission tomography with the tracer HMPAO showed extensive perfusion deficits which partially reversed after 3 months of prednisolone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a patient with neuro-Behcet's syndrome presenting with headache and personality change in whom CT and MRI brain imaging was normal, but regional cerebral blood flow imaging using single photon emission tomography with the tracer HMPAO showed extensive perfusion deficits which partially reversed after 3 months of prednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Headache"". The statement describes a patient with neuro-Behcet's syndrome who presented with headache among other symptoms. The patient was treated with prednisolone for 3 months, during which time there was a partial reversal of perfusion deficits in certain regions of the brain as shown by single photon emission tomography (SPECT) imaging. - However, it is important to note that this study does not provide direct evidence that prednisolone treats sarcoidosis since it does not include a control group for comparison. Therefore, it does not establish causality between prednisolone treatment and improvement in sarcoidosis symptoms. To make stronger conclusions about prednisolone as an effective treatment for sarcoidosis, further studies comparing prednisolone-treated patients to those receiving placebo or alternative treatments would be necessary. + Although headache is not explicitly mentioned as having improved in this case report, it is one of the symptoms associated with neuro-Behcet's syndrome. Improvement in perfusion deficits in brain regions could potentially lead to alleviation of symptoms such as headache given their association in neuro-Behcet's syndrome. However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be definitively concluded based on this single case report alone due to inherent limitations in generalizing from individual cases and lack of control group for comparison." +10574410,Prednisolone treats synovitis,1137,Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats synovitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats synovitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis."" This is because synovitis is explicitly mentioned as one of the conditions treated by prednisolone in the provided statement. - Moreover, while prednisolone may be used as a treatment for sarcoidosis in some cases, it is not without potential side effects and risks. The decision to use prednisolone as a treatment for sarcoidosis should be based on an" -9109448,Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis,1152,Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis."" This is because prednisolone is mentioned in conjunction with psoriatic arthritis as part of a treatment regimen in this statement. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy for treating psoriatic arthritis with prednisolone alone. Further investigation would be necessary to establish such a claim." -9077262,Prednisolone treats lymphoma,1153,"This paper presents the results of a prospective study to investigate the prognostic value of clinical staging, histological grading, immunophenotype, mitotic count and average numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region counts in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol comprising vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This paper presents the results of a prospective study to investigate the prognostic value of clinical staging, histological grading, immunophenotype, mitotic count and average numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region counts in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol comprising vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly claim that prednisolone treats lymphoma, it implies that prednisolone is used in the treatment of multicentric lymphosarcoma in dogs as part of a standard chemotherapy protocol. Therefore, there is indirect support for the idea that prednisolone is involved in the treatment of lymphoma. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; just because prednisolone is used in treating lymphoma does not necessarily mean it is responsible for treating lymphoma specifically. It could be part of a larger treatment regimen that includes other drugs like vincristine and cyclophosphamide." -9061500,Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis,1154,"The administration of prednisolone (60 mg/day) was initiated, which resulted in improvement of DM.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The administration of prednisolone (60 mg/day) was initiated, which resulted in improvement of DM.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis (DM)"". The administration of prednisolone at 60 mg/day led to an improvement in DM symptoms as indicated by ""improvement of DM"". This implies that prednisolone has therapeutic effects on dermatomyositis, thus providing support for the claim that prednisolone treats dermatomyositis. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so further evidence would be needed for definitive proof of prednisolone as an effective treatment for dermatomyositis." -9046445,Prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis,1155,"METHODS: Resting radionuclide ventriculography with 99mTc was performed before and 20 days after the administration of prednisolone, 20 mg daily, in 32 patients with SSc without clinically evident myocardial dysfunction at rest; 13 and 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), respectively, were studied in parallel as controls.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Resting radionuclide ventriculography with 99mTc was performed before and 20 days after the administration of prednisolone, 20 mg daily, in 32 patients with SSc without clinically evident myocardial dysfunction at rest; 13 and 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), respectively, were studied in parallel as controls.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis (SSc). The study mentioned is conducted on patients with SSc who were administered prednisolone for a period of 20 days. Furthermore, they underwent resting radionuclide ventriculography before and after prednisolone treatment. This design allows for an investigation into whether prednisolone has an effect on SSc symptoms or progression. However, it is essential to note that the study does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats SSc; it only investigates its potential effects on SSc patients. To confirm whether prednisolone indeed treats SSc, additional information is required, such as results demonstrating improvements in patients' condition after prednisolone treatment compared to controls without treatment." -9013774,Prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid,1156,METHODS: Three patients with CP were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Three patients with CP were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid. The statement provided mentions that three patients with ocular pemphigoid (CP) were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone. This implies that prednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for these patients with ocular pemphigoid. However, it doesn't provide direct evidence of its efficacy in treating ocular pemphigoid as it doesn't mention any outcomes or comparisons with other treatments. It only suggests that prednisolone is used in treating ocular pemphigoid as part of a combination therapy." -8939337,Prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis,1157,He was diagnosed as having membranous nephropathy by renal biopsy and was treated with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""He was diagnosed as having membranous nephropathy by renal biopsy and was treated with prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis (also known as membranous nephropathy). The patient in question was diagnosed with membranous nephropathy and was subsequently treated with prednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating various forms of glomerulonephritis, including membranous glomerulonephritis. + To elaborate, synovitis is inflammation of the synovial membrane, which lines joint capsules. Epicondylitis is an inflammation of the tendons that attach muscle to bone at the elbow (epicondyle), radiohumeral bursitis is inflammation of the bursa at the elbow (between the radius bone and humerus bone), and radiohumeral synovitis is inflammation of the synovial membrane at the elbow (between the radius bone and humerus bone). - However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. While it appears that prednisolone was used as part of the treatment for membranous nephropathy in this case, it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone was solely responsible for treating the condition. Further studies and evidence would be required to establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship between prednisolone treatment and improvement in membranous glomerulonephritis patients. + Therefore, since prednisolone is listed as a treatment for radiohumeral synovitis in the statement, it indirectly supports the claim that prednisolone can be used to treat synovitis. However, it is important to note that this" +10574409,Prednisolone treats epicondylitis,1138,Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats epicondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats epicondylitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Prednisolone (meticortelone) in treatment of epicondylitis; radiohumeral bursitis and radiohumeral synovitis."" - Additionally, it is worth noting that treatment response may vary among patients due to factors such as disease severity, underlying health conditions, and potential side effects of prednisolone therapy. Therefore, individualized treatment plans should be considered by healthcare professionals when" -8906209,Prednisolone treats allergic disease,1158,"Clinically, both prednisolone and prednisolone sodium succinate are widely used as immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of various allergic disorders.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinically, both prednisolone and prednisolone sodium succinate are widely used as immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of various allergic disorders.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats allergic disease. The key term here is ""immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of various allergic disorders."" Prednisolone is listed as one of these agents, which suggests that it has been shown to be effective in treating allergic disorders. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports prednisolone's use in treating allergic disease, it does not provide direct evidence of its effectiveness, as it does not specify which allergic disorders it is used for, nor does it mention dosages or treatment durations. Therefore, while there is some level of support for the claim based on this statement, further evidence would be needed for a more definitive conclusion." -8865745,Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis,1159,CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%.""?","Yes, the statement ""Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis"" does receive indirect support from the conclusion ""The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%."" This is because Prednisolone (PSL) is a type of corticosteroid often used in the treatment of subacute thyroiditis (SAT). The conclusion suggests that treatment of SAT with PSL results in a recurrence rate of approximately 20%. This implies that PSL has some therapeutic effect in managing SAT symptoms, thus providing indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence, as the statement does not explicitly state that Prednisolone treats SAT. It only implies it through the context of the conclusion." -8819323,Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis,1160,"In this case, prednisolone was indispensable for treating tuberculous meningitis in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs, though the role of corticosteroids has remained controversial over the years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this case, prednisolone was indispensable for treating tuberculous meningitis in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs, though the role of corticosteroids has remained controversial over the years.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement suggests that prednisolone was used in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs to treat tuberculous meningitis (a form of meningeal tuberculosis). The term ""indispensable"" implies that prednisolone played a crucial role in the treatment process. However, it is important to note that the statement also mentions that the role of corticosteroids like prednisolone in treating tuberculous meningitis has been controversial over the years. This indicates that while there is some evidence supporting its use, it is not without debate in the medical community. Therefore, while the statement does provide indirect support for the claim, it is not an unequivocal endorsement of prednisolone as a definitive treatment for meningeal tuberculosis." -8755027,Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome,1161,"Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities.""?","Yes, the statement ""Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome"". This is because hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by high levels of eosinophils in the blood (eosinophilia) and various clinical manifestations including anemia and organ damage due to eosinophil infiltration. Improvement in anemia and eosinophilia after Prednisolone administration suggests that Prednisolone has an effect on eosinophil count and related symptoms, providing indirect evidence for its potential therapeutic use in HES. However, it is important to note that direct evidence from clinical trials specifically designed for HES patients would be more robust in establishing Prednisolone as an effective treatment for hypereosinophilic syndrome." -8752241,Prednisolone treats West syndrome,1162,"BACKGROUND: The use of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and prednisolone in the management of infantile spasms has been well established, but is associated with significant morbidity and cannot be used as long-term medication.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: The use of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and prednisolone in the management of infantile spasms has been well established, but is associated with significant morbidity and cannot be used as long-term medication.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. West syndrome is one of the primary types of infantile spasms, which is what prednisolone is used to manage according to the background information given. However, it should be noted that while prednisolone may treat symptoms of West syndrome, it does not necessarily mean it cures the condition entirely. Furthermore, there could be potential side effects associated with its use as mentioned in the statement, which would need careful consideration when prescribing this medication." -8647269,Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis,1163,"However, he died because of lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis during treatment with prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, he died because of lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis during treatment with prednisolone.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The statement indicates that despite being on prednisolone treatment, the individual still died from lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis. This implies that prednisolone was not effective in treating these conditions in this particular case. + The justification for this decision is as follows: - Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory conditions as it can suppress the immune system. It is not typically used as a first-line treatment for tuberculosis due to its potential to exacerbate infections by suppressing the immune system. Instead, it might be used in specific cases where inflammation caused by tuberculosis is a significant issue, but its use does not imply that it treats pulmonary tuberculosis itself. + 1) The statement explicitly mentions prednisolone in conjunction with epicondylitis, which is one of the conditions listed. This direct association suggests that prednisolone has been considered for treating epicondylitis in some capacity. - Therefore, based on the information provided, there is no indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis." -8583398,Prednisolone treats leprosy,1164,"In untreated reactional leprosy patients, the levels of urinary NO metabolites (1645 +/- 454 microM, n = 9, ENL = 4, RR = 5) decreased significantly 2 weeks after high dose prednisolone treatment (1075 +/- 414 microM, P < 0.05), and remained stable 4 (895 +/- 385 microM, P < 0.02) and 6 weeks following treatment initiation (1048 +/- 452 microM, P < 0.02).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In untreated reactional leprosy patients, the levels of urinary NO metabolites (1645 +/- 454 microM, n = 9, ENL = 4, RR = 5) decreased significantly 2 weeks after high dose prednisolone treatment (1075 +/- 414 microM, P < 0.05), and remained stable 4 (895 +/- 385 microM, P < 0.02) and 6 weeks following treatment initiation (1048 +/- 452 microM, P < 0.02).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats leprosy. The study measures urinary nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in reactional leprosy patients before and after high-dose prednisolone treatment. The significant decrease in NO metabolites after prednisolone treatment suggests that prednisolone has an effect on the immune response in leprosy patients. This is relevant because an exaggerated immune response is responsible for reactional leprosy symptoms; therefore, modulating this response with prednisolone could be considered a treatment for leprosy reactions. However, it is important to note that while prednisolone may help manage symptoms of leprosy reactions, it does not cure leprosy itself, which is caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection. Thus, further investigation is required to fully understand prednisolone's therapeutic potential in treating leprosy." -8573433,Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis,1165,"Prednisolone improves survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy or a high ""discriminant function.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone improves survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy or a high ""discriminant function.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis."" The key term here is ""indirect"" because it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis; rather, it suggests that prednisolone can improve survival in specific subsets of patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) or a high discriminant function (DF). + 2) Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Epicondylitis is an inflammatory condition affecting tendons around the elbow joint. Therefore, it is plausible that prednisolone could be used in its treatment due to its potential for reducing inflammation in that area. - The discriminant function is a scoring system used in patients with alcoholic hepatitis that takes into account factors such as bilirubin levels and prothrombin time (PT). A high DF indicates more severe disease and worse prognosis in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. Spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy is another indicator of severe alcoholic hepatitis that can lead to increased intracranial pressure, brain edema, coma, and even death if left untreated. + 3) Although meticortelone is also mentioned in the statement, it is not explicitly linked to epicondylitis like prednisolone is. Meticortelone is another type of corticosteroid but is not as commonly used" +10565149,Prednisolone treats osteoarthritis,1139,"Intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone, and their tertiary-butylacetate derivatives in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone, and their tertiary-butylacetate derivatives in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats osteoarthritis based on the provided statement. The statement mentions that intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone prednisolone have been used in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid medication that is used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effect in various conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. While it may not be a primary treatment for osteoarthritis due to its different pathophysiology compared to rheumatoid arthritis, prednisolone can still provide symptomatic relief in osteoarthritis by reducing inflammation in the affected joints. However, it is important to note that long-term use of prednisolone is associated with significant side effects, so its use should be carefully monitored and tailored to individual patient needs." +10557390,Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease,1140,On the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats peptic ulcer disease."" The statement ""On the development of peptic ulcers in patients treated with prednisone or prednisolone"" discusses the occurrence of peptic ulcers in patients undergoing treatment with these medications but does not imply that prednisolone is used as a treatment for peptic ulcer disease. In fact, both prednisone and prednisolone belong to a class of drugs called corticosteroids that can increase the risk of gastrointestinal side effects such as peptic ulcers due to their effect on reducing gastric mucosal protection and increasing gastric acid secretion (Gisbert et al., 2009). Therefore, it is important not to confuse an association between drug use and an adverse outcome as evidence for using that drug as a treatment for that condition. - Therefore, by improving survival in these specific subsets of patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either SHE or high DF scores (indicative of severe disease), one could infer" -8540122,Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia,1166,She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).""?","Yes, the statement ""She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia"". This is because it implies that the individual was treated with prednisolone specifically for autoimmune hemolytic anemia, suggesting that prednisolone is an effective treatment for this condition. However, it's important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of treatment efficacy, as it doesn't report on the outcome of the treatment or compare it to other treatments or placebos. Therefore, while it suggests that prednisolone is used in the treatment of AIHA, further research would be needed to confirm its efficacy." -8499057,Prednisolone treats lupus nephritis,1167,"CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone is as effective as a regimen of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone but is less toxic.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone is as effective as a regimen of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone but is less toxic.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats lupus nephritis. The conclusion of the study suggests that prednisolone, when used in combination with mycophenolate mofetil, is effective in treating diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis. This implies that prednisolone has therapeutic benefits for lupus nephritis, which is a type of kidney inflammation caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it's important to note that prednisolone is not acting alone in this treatment; it's part of a combination therapy. Therefore, while the statement supports the efficacy of prednisolone in treating lupus nephritis when used in combination therapy, it does not provide direct evidence of its efficacy as a standalone treatment." -8455402,Prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1168,Additive effects of prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additive effects of prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that prednisolone has an effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when used in combination with beclomethasone dipropionate. This implies that prednisolone has some therapeutic value in treating COPD, even though it may not be as effective when used alone. However, it's important to note that the claim does not specify whether prednisolone alone can treat COPD effectively, which is what would be needed for direct support of the statement ""Prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease."" + - The study design, dosage used, duration of treatment, and patient population in the original study could also influence how we interpret these results in relation to the broader clinical context of COPD treatment. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for prednisolone having a positive effect on COPD from this statement, more direct evidence would be needed to conclusively say that prednisolone treats COPD effectively on its own." -8268574,Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia,1169,Three out of 8 patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to the protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three out of 8 patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to the protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"". The fact that three out of eight patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to a protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura suggests that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for thrombocytopenia in this specific context. However, it does not directly prove that prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia because it does not provide information about the outcomes of the treatment or whether other treatments were also used concurrently. It simply indicates that there is a clinical practice of using prednisolone for thrombocytopenia in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura." -7990669,Prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1170,"A regimen which incorporates cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but it has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A regimen which incorporates cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but it has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim specifically mentions prednisolone as part of a standard treatment regimen (CHOP) for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). However, it also highlights that this regimen has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk. This does not necessarily contradict the claim that prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma; rather, it suggests that prednisolone may be less effective in specific patient populations (those with aggressive NHL who are at high risk) when used in combination with other drugs in the CHOP regimen. It is important to note that drug effectiveness can be influenced by various factors such as dosage, administration method, combination therapy, patient characteristics, and disease stage. Therefore, while the statement does not directly support the claim that prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma on its own, it does not refute it either. Further investigation would be required to determine prednisolone's specific efficacy in treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma when used as monotherapy or in different treatment regim" -7986379,Prednisolone treats Crohn disease,1171,"In a stepwise regression that included age, sex, disease duration and cumulative prednisolone dose as independent variables, the femur T score was significantly inversely related to disease duration (r2 = 0.125, F = 6.06) in CD patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a stepwise regression that included age, sex, disease duration and cumulative prednisolone dose as independent variables, the femur T score was significantly inversely related to disease duration (r2 = 0.125, F = 6.06) in CD patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats Crohn disease (CD). The study mentioned in the statement investigates the relationship between various factors including age, sex, disease duration, and cumulative prednisolone dose with bone mineral density (femur T score) in CD patients. Although it suggests an inverse relationship between disease duration and bone mineral density in CD patients treated with prednisolone, it does not provide evidence that prednisolone is an effective treatment for Crohn disease itself. + Gisbert, J. P., & Khorrami, S. (2009). Peptic ulcer disease in patients treated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids. Inflam" +10513879,Prednisolone treats celiac disease,1141,The simultaneous correction of plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in non-tropical sprue treated with prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats celiac disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The simultaneous correction of plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in non-tropical sprue treated with prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats celiac disease."" The statement mentions that prednisolone is used in treating non-tropical sprue (which is another term for celiac disease) but it does not indicate that prednisolone is responsible for treating celiac disease itself. Instead, it points out that prednisolone corrects plain-water deficit and extracellular fluid volume loss in patients with non-tropical sprue (celiac disease). Therefore, it does not establish prednisolone as a direct treatment for celiac disease but rather as a potential therapy for managing some of its symptoms." +10509017,Prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1142,"One had received four weekly cycles of prednisolone, Adriamycin, vincristine and 5-fluorouracil for an inoperable HCC with a 10-cm diameter, and the other had received localised synchronised hepatic irradiation and Adriamycin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One had received four weekly cycles of prednisolone, Adriamycin, vincristine and 5-fluorouracil for an inoperable HCC with a 10-cm diameter, and the other had received localised synchronised hepatic irradiation and Adriamycin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The statement only mentions that one patient received prednisolone as part of a four-drug regimen for treating an inoperable HCC, but it does not specify whether prednisolone was responsible for any therapeutic effect. Additionally, without proper controls and randomization in a clinical trial setting, it is impossible to attribute any observed effects solely to prednisolone. Therefore, based on the provided information, we cannot infer that prednisolone is an effective treatment for HCC." +10502737,Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia,1143,"[A case of hemolytic anemia with generalized agglutination, treated with ACTH, cortisone, and prednisolone].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of hemolytic anemia with generalized agglutination, treated with ACTH, cortisone, and prednisolone].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemolytic anemia"". The case report mentions that prednisolone was used in the treatment of a patient with hemolytic anemia. However, it should be noted that correlation does not imply causation, so while prednisolone was used in treatment, it does not definitively prove that prednisolone was solely responsible for treating the hemolytic anemia. Other treatments such as ACTH and cortisone were also used concurrently. Therefore, further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between prednisolone and the treatment of hemolytic anemia." +10335998,Prednisolone treats pemphigus,1144,"OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pemphigus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that prednisolone treats pemphigus. The statement ""OBJECTIVES: The present study describes our experience of the addition of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) to prednisolone in the management of severe, refractory pemphigus"" implies that prednisolone is being used as part of the treatment regimen for pemphigus. The fact that it is used in combination with mycophenolate mofetil suggests that prednisolone has some efficacy in treating pemphigus, otherwise it would not be included in the treatment of severe, refractory cases. However, it's important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not provide direct clinical outcomes or efficacy rates for prednisolone alone in treating pemphigus." +10020250,Prednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1145,"Under the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, she was treated with combination chemotherapy containing pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Under the diagnosis of Hodgkin's disease, she was treated with combination chemotherapy containing pirarubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats Hodgkin's lymphoma (also known as Hodgkin's disease). The patient was treated with a combination chemotherapy regimen that includes prednisolone. This suggests that prednisolone was used as part of the treatment plan for Hodgkin's lymphoma in this case. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is often used in combination therapies for various conditions due to its immunosuppressive properties, so this statement alone does not definitively prove that prednisolone is an effective standalone treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma. Further research would be needed to establish that relationship conclusively." +9848677,Prednisolone treats Inflammation,1146,"Patients who remain high transporters with inflammatory reaction might require pharmacologic intervention, including prednisolone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Patients who remain high transporters with inflammatory reaction might require pharmacologic intervention, including prednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Inflammation"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement suggests that in certain patients who exhibit high levels of transporters (which could indicate an active inflammatory response), prednisolone therapy might be necessary. This implies that prednisolone has an anti-inflammatory effect, which aligns with the phrase in question. However, it's important to note that this is indirect support based on an implied mechanism of action rather than a direct statement about prednisolone's effect on inflammation." +9729887,Prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis,1147,"[Comparative characteristics of the spectrum of free amino acids of blood serum and urine in children with glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone, leukeran and anabolic steroids].",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Comparative characteristics of the spectrum of free amino acids of blood serum and urine in children with glomerulonephritis treated with prednisolone, leukeran and anabolic steroids].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats glomerulonephritis."" The title of the study suggests that it is investigating the effects of various treatments, including prednisolone, on children with glomerulonephritis. This implies that prednisolone is being considered as a potential treatment for this condition. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the title alone; direct support would require analyzing the results and conclusions of the study itself." +9717382,Prednisolone treats hemangioma,1148,"Management of hemangioma included observation, prednisolone, flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser, topical therapy and excision in 68 per cent, 8.6 per cent, 10.7 per cent, 9.6 per cent, and 2.5 per cent, respectively.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hemangioma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Management of hemangioma included observation, prednisolone, flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser, topical therapy and excision in 68 per cent, 8.6 per cent, 10.7 per cent, 9.6 per cent, and 2.5 per cent, respectively.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats hemangioma. The text mentions prednisolone as one of the management options for hemangioma, which suggests its use in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, while prednisolone may be used in treating hemangioma, further evidence would be needed to definitively conclude that prednisolone treats hemangioma." +9668241,Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia,1149,The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement ""The PRCA and AIHA were successfully treated with prednisolone"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pure red-cell aplasia (PRCA)"". AIHA stands for Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, which is a different condition than PRCA but both fall under the broader category of hematologic disorders. The successful treatment of these conditions with prednisolone suggests that prednisolone has therapeutic efficacy in treating certain types of hematologic disorders. However, it is important to note that this does not directly confirm that prednisolone treats PRCA specifically as PRCA was not treated in isolation in this case. Further studies focusing on PRCA would be needed for more direct support." +9538921,Prednisolone treats Graves disease,1150,"She was diagnosed as having Graves' disease and was treated with propylthiouracil, and prednisolone was given for neck pain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Graves disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""She was diagnosed as having Graves' disease and was treated with propylthiouracil, and prednisolone was given for neck pain.""?","Yes, while not a direct support, the statement does provide indirect evidence that prednisolone can be used in treatment regimens for individuals diagnosed with Graves' disease. The patient was diagnosed with Graves' disease and initially treated with propylthiouracil, which is a common first-line therapy for controlling hyperthyroidism associated with Graves' disease. Additionally, prednisolone was administered for neck pain, indicating that prednisolone was used concurrently during the management of Graves' disease. Prednisolone is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid that can help alleviate symptoms such as neck pain and swelling caused by Graves' disease. Therefore, although it does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats Graves' disease, it does suggest that prednisolone can be used as an adjunct treatment for managing symptoms associated with Graves' disease." +9135976,Prednisolone treats sarcoidosis,1151,"Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats sarcoidosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Clinical characteristics, pulmonary function abnormalities and outcome of prednisolone treatment in 106 patients with sarcoidosis"" does lend indirect support to the claim that prednisolone treats sarcoidosis. This is because it describes a study where prednisolone was used as a treatment for sarcoidosis in 106 patients, implying that prednisolone has some therapeutic effect on sarcoidosis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The study design, sample size, dosage used, duration of treatment, and other factors would need to be evaluated in order to make a more informed judgement about prednisolone's effectiveness in treating sarcoidosis." +9109448,Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis,1152,Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement ""Methotrexate and prednisolone treatment of a child with psoriatic arthritis"" implies that both Methotrexate and Prednisolone were used in the treatment of psoriatic arthritis in a patient. Therefore, it suggests that Prednisolone is an agent that can be used in treating psoriatic arthritis, even though it does not explicitly state that Prednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis on its own. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence for the efficacy of Prednisolone in treating psoriatic arthritis as it could be that Prednisolone was used as an adjunct therapy in combination with Methotrexate, which is a more commonly used medication for psoriatic arthritis. Further evidence from clinical trials would be needed to definitively establish that Prednisolone is an effective treatment for psoriatic arthritis." +9077262,Prednisolone treats lymphoma,1153,"This paper presents the results of a prospective study to investigate the prognostic value of clinical staging, histological grading, immunophenotype, mitotic count and average numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region counts in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol comprising vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This paper presents the results of a prospective study to investigate the prognostic value of clinical staging, histological grading, immunophenotype, mitotic count and average numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organiser region counts in dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol comprising vincristine, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone.""?","Yes, while not explicitly stated in the provided text, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats lymphoma. The statement mentions that dogs with multicentric lymphosarcoma were treated with a standard chemotherapy protocol that includes prednisolone as one of its components. This implies that prednisolone is being used as part of a treatment regimen for lymphoma in dogs, thus providing indirect support for its use in treating lymphoma. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is not acting alone in treating lymphoma in this context; it is part of a larger chemotherapy protocol that includes other drugs as well (vincristine and cyclophosphamide). Therefore, one cannot conclude from this statement alone that prednisolone is solely responsible for treating lymphoma in dogs." +9061500,Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis,1154,"The administration of prednisolone (60 mg/day) was initiated, which resulted in improvement of DM.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The administration of prednisolone (60 mg/day) was initiated, which resulted in improvement of DM.""?","Yes, the statement ""The administration of prednisolone (60 mg/day) was initiated, which resulted in improvement of DM"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis"" (DM). + + The statement implies that prednisolone was administered as a treatment for dermatomyositis and that it led to an improvement in the condition. This suggests that prednisolone has therapeutic effects on dermatomyositis, which aligns with the general meaning of ""Prednisolone treats dermatomyositis"". However, it is important to note that while this evidence supports the claim, it does not prove it definitively. Further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between prednisolone use and improvement in dermatomyositis." +9046445,Prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis,1155,"METHODS: Resting radionuclide ventriculography with 99mTc was performed before and 20 days after the administration of prednisolone, 20 mg daily, in 32 patients with SSc without clinically evident myocardial dysfunction at rest; 13 and 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), respectively, were studied in parallel as controls.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Resting radionuclide ventriculography with 99mTc was performed before and 20 days after the administration of prednisolone, 20 mg daily, in 32 patients with SSc without clinically evident myocardial dysfunction at rest; 13 and 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), respectively, were studied in parallel as controls.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats systemic sclerosis (SSc). The study design involves administering prednisolone to patients with SSc and measuring changes in their resting radionuclide ventriculography with 99mTc before and after treatment. This suggests that prednisolone is being investigated as a potential treatment for SSc. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute definitive proof of its efficacy in treating SSc. Further analysis of results would be needed to make such conclusions." +9013774,Prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid,1156,METHODS: Three patients with CP were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: Three patients with CP were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that prednisolone treats ocular pemphigoid. The statement provided mentions that three patients with ocular pemphigoid (CP) were treated with mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone. This implies that prednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for ocular pemphigoid, thus providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so while prednisolone was used in treatment of ocular pemphigoid in these cases, it does not definitively prove that prednisolone is solely responsible for treating ocular pemphigoid." +8939337,Prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis,1157,He was diagnosed as having membranous nephropathy by renal biopsy and was treated with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""He was diagnosed as having membranous nephropathy by renal biopsy and was treated with prednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis (also known as membranous nephropathy). The patient was diagnosed with membranous nephropathy and was treated with prednisolone, suggesting that prednisolone was used as a therapeutic agent for this specific type of glomerulonephritis. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so while it appears that prednisolone was used to treat membranous nephropathy in this case, it does not definitively prove that prednisolone is an effective treatment for membranous glomerulonephritis in general. Further studies would be required to establish such causality and determine the efficacy of prednisolone as a standard treatment for membranous glomerulonephritis." +8906209,Prednisolone treats allergic disease,1158,"Clinically, both prednisolone and prednisolone sodium succinate are widely used as immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of various allergic disorders.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinically, both prednisolone and prednisolone sodium succinate are widely used as immunosuppressive agents for the treatment of various allergic disorders.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats allergic disease"". Prednisolone is mentioned as an immunosuppressive agent that is widely used for treating various allergic disorders in clinical settings. This implies that prednisolone has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating symptoms of allergic diseases in patients, thus lending credence to the idea that prednisolone can be used to treat allergic diseases. However, it is important to note that further investigation would be required to fully understand its mechanisms of action in treating allergic disorders, potential side effects, dosages, and other relevant factors that could influence its clinical utility in specific cases of allergic disease." +8865745,Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis,1159,CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: The recurrence rate of SAT with treated PSL is about 20%."" This is because Prednisolone (PSL) is a type of corticosteroid often used in the treatment of subacute thyroiditis (SAT). The conclusion suggests that treatment of SAT with PSL results in a recurrence rate of approximately 20%. This implies that PSL has some efficacy in treating SAT, thus providing indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone treats subacute thyroiditis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof and further evidence would be needed for a more robust conclusion." +8819323,Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis,1160,"In this case, prednisolone was indispensable for treating tuberculous meningitis in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs, though the role of corticosteroids has remained controversial over the years.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this case, prednisolone was indispensable for treating tuberculous meningitis in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs, though the role of corticosteroids has remained controversial over the years.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats meningeal tuberculosis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that prednisolone was used in combination with appropriate antituberculosis drugs to treat tuberculous meningitis (a form of meningeal tuberculosis). The word ""indispensable"" suggests that prednisolone played a crucial role in the treatment process. However, it is important to note that the statement also mentions that the role of corticosteroids (which include prednisolone) in treating tuberculous meningitis has been controversial over the years. This implies that while prednisolone may be beneficial in some cases, its use is not universally accepted as standard treatment for meningeal tuberculosis due to potential side effects or lack of sufficient evidence in certain contexts. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not unequivocal and should be considered in light of ongoing debates in the field." +8755027,Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome,1161,"Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities.""?","Yes, the statement ""Prednisolone (PSL) was administered, which improved the anemia, eosinophilia and the cavities"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats hypereosinophilic syndrome"". This is because hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES) is characterized by high levels of eosinophils in the blood (eosinophilia) that can lead to organ damage, including anemia and cavity formation in various tissues. By demonstrating that PSL treatment led to improvements in anemia, eosinophilia, and cavities in a patient, it suggests that PSL may have been effective in treating HES in this particular case. + + However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, so further investigation would be required to definitively conclude that PSL was solely responsible for these improvements. Additionally, HES is a complex condition that can have various underlying causes; therefore, it is possible that PSL may not be an effective treatment for all cases of HES. Nonetheless, based on the information provided, there is some indirect evidence supporting the claim that Prednisolone" +8752241,Prednisolone treats West syndrome,1162,"BACKGROUND: The use of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and prednisolone in the management of infantile spasms has been well established, but is associated with significant morbidity and cannot be used as long-term medication.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: The use of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and prednisolone in the management of infantile spasms has been well established, but is associated with significant morbidity and cannot be used as long-term medication.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that prednisolone treats West syndrome (infantile spasms). The background statement mentions that both ACTH and prednisolone have been established for managing infantile spasms, which is another term for West syndrome. However, the background statement also highlights significant morbidity associated with their use, suggesting that they may not be suitable for long-term treatment due to potential adverse effects. Therefore, while prednisolone is supported as a treatment for West syndrome, it is not without its drawbacks." +8647269,Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis,1163,"However, he died because of lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis during treatment with prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, he died because of lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis during treatment with prednisolone.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The statement indicates that despite being on prednisolone treatment, the individual still succumbed to lung tuberculosis and acute tuberculous pericarditis. This implies that prednisolone was not effective in treating these conditions in this particular case. + + Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory conditions as it can suppress the immune system. It is sometimes used in conjunction with other medications for tuberculosis to manage severe symptoms or complications such as inflammation of lung tissue (pleurisy) or allergic reactions to anti-TB drugs. However, it is not typically used as a primary treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis due to its potential to suppress the immune system, which could make it more difficult for the body to fight off the infection. + + Therefore, based on the information given, there is no indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats pulmonary tuberculosis; rather, it suggests that prednisolone did" +8583398,Prednisolone treats leprosy,1164,"In untreated reactional leprosy patients, the levels of urinary NO metabolites (1645 +/- 454 microM, n = 9, ENL = 4, RR = 5) decreased significantly 2 weeks after high dose prednisolone treatment (1075 +/- 414 microM, P < 0.05), and remained stable 4 (895 +/- 385 microM, P < 0.02) and 6 weeks following treatment initiation (1048 +/- 452 microM, P < 0.02).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In untreated reactional leprosy patients, the levels of urinary NO metabolites (1645 +/- 454 microM, n = 9, ENL = 4, RR = 5) decreased significantly 2 weeks after high dose prednisolone treatment (1075 +/- 414 microM, P < 0.05), and remained stable 4 (895 +/- 385 microM, P < 0.02) and 6 weeks following treatment initiation (1048 +/- 452 microM, P < 0.02).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats leprosy. The study measures urinary nitric oxide (NO) metabolite levels in reactional leprosy patients before and after high-dose prednisolone treatment. The significant decrease in NO metabolite levels after prednisolone treatment suggests that prednisolone has an impact on the immune response in leprosy patients, which could be interpreted as evidence of its efficacy in treating leprosy. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect measure of treatment efficacy; direct evidence would require clinical assessments of disease progression or resolution following prednisolone treatment. + + The study does not explicitly state that prednisolone treats leprosy; rather it shows an association between prednisolone treatment and decreased NO metabolite levels in reactional leprosy patients. This is still valuable evidence as it supports further investigation into prednisolone as a potential treatment for leprosy. However," +8573433,Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis,1165,"Prednisolone improves survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy or a high ""discriminant function.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone improves survival in patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have either spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy or a high ""discriminant function.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis."" The Discriminant Function (DF) is a scoring system used in alcoholic hepatitis that helps predict mortality based on factors such as bilirubin levels and prothrombin time. A high DF indicates severe disease. Spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) is another severe complication of alcoholic hepatitis. Therefore, patients who have either of these conditions likely have severe alcoholic hepatitis. The study suggests that Prednisolone improves survival in these severe cases, which implies that it has a therapeutic effect on alcoholic hepatitis. However, it's important to note that this does not necessarily mean Prednisolone is effective for all cases of alcoholic hepatitis, especially those that are less severe." +8540122,Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia,1166,She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA).""?","Yes, the statement ""She had received prednisolone (PSL) therapy for autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune hemolytic anemia."" This is because it implies that the individual was treated with prednisolone specifically for autoimmune hemolytic anemia, suggesting that prednisolone is an effective treatment for this condition. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not constitute definitive proof. A direct study demonstrating the efficacy of prednisolone in treating AIHA would be required for more robust support." +8499057,Prednisolone treats lupus nephritis,1167,"CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone is as effective as a regimen of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone but is less toxic.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: For the treatment of diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis, the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and prednisolone is as effective as a regimen of cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone but is less toxic.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats lupus nephritis. The conclusion of the study states that a regimen including prednisolone is effective for treating diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis. However, it's important to note that prednisolone is used in combination with other drugs in this study, so it doesn't directly prove that prednisolone alone treats lupus nephritis. The effectiveness could be due to the combination of drugs, not prednisolone specifically. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not definitive proof that prednisolone alone treats lupus nephritis." +8455402,Prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1168,Additive effects of prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additive effects of prednisolone and beclomethasone dipropionate in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that prednisolone has an effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) when used in combination with beclomethasone dipropionate. This implies that prednisolone has some therapeutic value in treating COPD, even though it may not be as effective on its own as when used in combination with other treatments. However, it's important to note that the claim does not specify whether prednisolone is effective in treating chronic COPD specifically, which is a more acute form of the disease. Therefore, while there is some indirect support, more specific research would be needed to fully substantiate the claim that prednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease." +8268574,Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia,1169,Three out of 8 patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to the protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Three out of 8 patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to the protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"". The fact that three out of eight patients with thrombocytopenia were treated with prednisolone according to a protocol for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura suggests that prednisolone is being used as a treatment for thrombocytopenia in this context. However, it does not directly prove that prednisolone treats thrombocytopenia because it does not provide information about the outcomes of the treatment or whether other treatments were also used. It simply indicates that prednisolone is one of the treatments being used for thrombocytopenia in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura." +7990669,Prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1170,"A regimen which incorporates cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but it has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A regimen which incorporates cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), but it has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim ""A regimen which incorporates cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP) is the standard treatment for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)"" implies that prednisolone is part of a treatment regimen that is effective for some patients with NHL. However, the statement also mentions that it has not been effective in patients with aggressive NHL who are at high risk. This does not negate the fact that prednisolone is still part of an effective treatment regimen for some patients with NHL. Therefore, while the statement does not directly support the claim that prednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it does provide indirect support by indicating that prednisolone is a component of an effective treatment regimen for some patients with NHL." +7986379,Prednisolone treats Crohn disease,1171,"In a stepwise regression that included age, sex, disease duration and cumulative prednisolone dose as independent variables, the femur T score was significantly inversely related to disease duration (r2 = 0.125, F = 6.06) in CD patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a stepwise regression that included age, sex, disease duration and cumulative prednisolone dose as independent variables, the femur T score was significantly inversely related to disease duration (r2 = 0.125, F = 6.06) in CD patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats Crohn disease (CD). The study mentioned in the statement investigates the relationship between various factors including age, sex, disease duration, and cumulative prednisolone dose on femur T score in CD patients. Although it shows an inverse relationship between disease duration and femur T score in CD patients, it does not provide evidence that prednisolone is responsible for treating Crohn disease. The study design does not allow for causal inferences about prednisolone's therapeutic effect on Crohn disease. + + To establish whether prednisolone treats Crohn disease, well-designed clinical trials would be required where patients receiving prednisolone show improvement in disease symptoms compared to those not receiving prednisolone treatment while controlling for other factors that may influence disease progression. The statement provided only investigates an association between cumulative prednisolone dose and bone density in CD patients but does not provide evidence for prednisolone as an effective treatment for Crohn disease itself." +7985554,Prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1172,"A regime of treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in adult, employing DMCP protocol, especially two step method consisting of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone is described.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A regime of treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in adult, employing DMCP protocol, especially two step method consisting of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone is described.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The statement describes a treatment regimen for acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) in adults using the DMCP protocol, which includes prednisolone among other drugs. However, it specifically mentions ANLL, not ALL. These two types of leukemia have different characteristics and require different treatment approaches. Therefore, the effectiveness of prednisolone in treating ANLL cannot be extrapolated to support its effectiveness in treating ALL." +7941298,Prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis,1173,"Two patients with Wegener's granulomatosis have been treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone continuosly for 3 and 5 years, respectively.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two patients with Wegener's granulomatosis have been treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone continuosly for 3 and 5 years, respectively.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), which is also known as Wegener's granulomatosis. The statement indicates that two patients diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis were treated with prednisolone continuously for 3 and 5 years, respectively. The fact that these patients were treated for an extended period suggests that prednisolone may have been effective in managing their condition, thus providing indirect evidence for its use in treating GPA. + + However, it is important to note that this evidence is indirect and does not definitively prove that prednisolone is an effective treatment for GPA on its own. The statement does not provide information on whether chlorambucil or prednisolone was responsible for the observed therapeutic effect, nor does it specify if other treatments were used concurrently. To establish more robust evidence for prednisolone as an effective treatment for GPA, additional studies controlling for potential confounding factors would be required. + + In summary, while the statement does provide some level of support for prednisolone as a treatment for GPA" +7927983,Prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome,1174,"The second patient, a 73-year-old man receiving prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome, developed right leg cellulitis that evolved to NF.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The second patient, a 73-year-old man receiving prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome, developed right leg cellulitis that evolved to NF.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome. In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The statement indicates that a patient who was already on prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome developed cellulitis and subsequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF). This implies that prednisolone may not be effectively treating the nephrotic syndrome in this particular patient, as they still experienced complications related to their condition. + + Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In nephrotic syndrome, prednisolone is used as an immunosuppressive agent to reduce proteinuria (the presence of excess protein in urine) by minimizing inflammation in the kidneys. However, long-term use of prednisolone can lead to various side effects such as infections (e.g., cellulitis) due to its immunosuppressive nature. + + Therefore, while prednisolone may help manage certain aspects of nephrotic syndrome, it does not necessarily imply that" +7900660,Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis,1175,"At the time of diagnosis, patients with GCA had an increased median serum level of YKL-40 (256 microg/liter; P<0.01) compared with healthy age-matched controls (median 118 microg/liter), and the serum level of YKL-40 decreased to normal levels during prednisolone treatment (-38% after 1 month; P<0.001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""At the time of diagnosis, patients with GCA had an increased median serum level of YKL-40 (256 microg/liter; P<0.01) compared with healthy age-matched controls (median 118 microg/liter), and the serum level of YKL-40 decreased to normal levels during prednisolone treatment (-38% after 1 month; P<0.001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis. The study found that patients diagnosed with Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, had significantly higher levels of YKL-40 in their serum compared to healthy age-matched controls (P<0.01). Importantly, treatment of these patients with Prednisolone led to a significant decrease in YKL-40 levels after one month (-38%; P<0.001). This decrease in YKL-40 levels suggests that Prednisolone is effective in treating temporal arteritis since YKL-40 levels have been associated with disease activity in GCA patients. However, it is important to note that while this evidence supports Prednisolone as an effective treatment for temporal arteritis, it does not definitively prove that Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis as further studies would be required to establish causality conclusively." +7900659,Prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica,1176,Most patients with PMR had normal serum YKL-40 levels (median 158 microg/liter) and had no changes in the serum YKL-40 levels during prednisolone treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Most patients with PMR had normal serum YKL-40 levels (median 158 microg/liter) and had no changes in the serum YKL-40 levels during prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR)"". The statement indicates that most patients with PMR have normal serum YKL-40 levels, both before and during prednisolone treatment. This suggests that changes in YKL-40 levels may not be a reliable indicator of PMR activity or treatment response. However, it does not provide evidence that prednisolone is not effective in treating PMR; it only indicates that YKL-40 may not be a useful biomarker for monitoring PMR treatment response. The effectiveness of prednisolone in treating PMR is typically evaluated through clinical symptoms and signs, not through YKL-40 levels." +7866839,Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia,1177,"Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood with cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, prednisolone, and mercaptopurine or thioguanine.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood with cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, prednisolone, and mercaptopurine or thioguanine.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that prednisolone is used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood in combination with other drugs such as cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, mercaptopurine or thioguanine. This suggests that prednisolone has some therapeutic effect on acute myeloid leukemia, thus providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is rarely used as a single agent in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia due to its lower efficacy compared to other drugs. It is usually used in combination therapies as part of a treatment regimen." +7819165,Prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus,1178,Subacute severe steatohepatitis during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Subacute severe steatohepatitis during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the statement provided. The statement mentions that subacute severe steatohepatitis occurred during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating autoimmune diseases like SLE due to its anti-inflammatory properties (1). - To establish whether prednisolone treats Crohn disease, clinical trials assessing disease activity, remission rates, and adverse effects would be required. The current statement only highlights an association between prednisolone usage and bone mineral density in CD patients but does not demonstrate causation or treatment efficacy for Crohn disease." -7985554,Prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1172,"A regime of treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in adult, employing DMCP protocol, especially two step method consisting of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone is described.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A regime of treatment of acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia in adult, employing DMCP protocol, especially two step method consisting of daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, 6-mercaptopurine and prednisolone is described.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The statement describes a treatment regimen for acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) in adults using the DMCP protocol, which includes Prednisolone among other drugs. However, it specifically mentions ANLL, not ALL. These two types of leukemia have different characteristics and may require different treatment approaches. Therefore, we cannot infer from this statement that Prednisolone is effective in treating ALL." -7941298,Prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis,1173,"Two patients with Wegener's granulomatosis have been treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone continuosly for 3 and 5 years, respectively.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two patients with Wegener's granulomatosis have been treated with chlorambucil and prednisolone continuosly for 3 and 5 years, respectively.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), also known as Wegener's granulomatosis. The statement indicates that two patients diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis were treated with prednisolone continuously for 3 and 5 years respectively, which implies that prednisolone was an effective treatment for these patients as they were able to maintain therapy for extended periods of time. + + The development of steatohepatitis during prednisolone therapy does not necessarily contradict its therapeutic effect on SLE; it could be an adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid use (2). Prolonged use of corticosteroids like prednisolone can lead to metabolic issues such as steatohepatitis (3). This potential side effect does not negate prednisolone's efficacy in managing SLE symptoms but highlights the importance of monitoring patients for side effects during treatment (4). - However, it is important to note that treatment response can vary among patients due to factors such as disease severity, individual genetic variation, and potential drug interactions. Therefore, while prednisolone may be an effective treatment option for some patients with GPA, it does not necessarily mean that it will be effective for all patients diagnosed with GPA. + + In summary, while prednisolone may have adverse effects like steatohepatitis," +7800931,Prednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,1179,"However, after administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) (0.4 g/kg/day x 5 days), low-dose PSL (20 mg/day) alleviated the LEMS and ITP, and the diseases have remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, after administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) (0.4 g/kg/day x 5 days), low-dose PSL (20 mg/day) alleviated the LEMS and ITP, and the diseases have remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone (PSL) treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The statement indicates that after administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) and low-dose PSL (20 mg/day), the ITP was alleviated and remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG treatment. This suggests that PSL had a therapeutic effect on ITP in this case. However, it is important to note that IVIG was also administered, so the effect cannot be solely attributed to PSL. Additionally, this is one case study, so while it provides some evidence, it does not conclusively prove that PSL treats ITP. Further studies would be needed to confirm this." +7704078,Prednisolone treats colitis,1180,"On the other hand, prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats colitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""On the other hand, prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis."" This is because prednisolone is mentioned as having an effect on colitis, even though it specifically mentions improving only the physiologic changes. - Furthermore, in GPA treatment, prednisolone is often used in combination with other immunosuppressive agents such as cyclophosphamide or rituximab for induction therapy followed by maintenance therapy with azathioprine or methotrexate. In this case, chlorambucil was used in combination with pred" -7927983,Prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome,1174,"The second patient, a 73-year-old man receiving prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome, developed right leg cellulitis that evolved to NF.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The second patient, a 73-year-old man receiving prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome, developed right leg cellulitis that evolved to NF.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats nephrotic syndrome. In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The statement indicates that a patient who was already on prednisolone therapy for nephrotic syndrome developed cellulitis and subsequently necrotizing fasciitis (NF). This implies that prednisolone may not be effectively treating or managing the nephrotic syndrome in this particular patient, as they still experienced severe complications. Therefore, this evidence does not support the therapeutic efficacy of prednisolone for nephrotic syndrome but rather highlights potential adverse effects or lack of efficacy in certain cases." -7900660,Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis,1175,"At the time of diagnosis, patients with GCA had an increased median serum level of YKL-40 (256 microg/liter; P<0.01) compared with healthy age-matched controls (median 118 microg/liter), and the serum level of YKL-40 decreased to normal levels during prednisolone treatment (-38% after 1 month; P<0.001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""At the time of diagnosis, patients with GCA had an increased median serum level of YKL-40 (256 microg/liter; P<0.01) compared with healthy age-matched controls (median 118 microg/liter), and the serum level of YKL-40 decreased to normal levels during prednisolone treatment (-38% after 1 month; P<0.001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone treats temporal arteritis. The study found that patients diagnosed with Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), also known as temporal arteritis, had significantly higher levels of YKL-40 at the time of diagnosis compared to healthy age-matched controls. Furthermore, after one month of Prednisolone treatment, these serum levels of YKL-40 decreased by 38% (P<0.001), indicating that Prednisolone might be effective in treating temporal arteritis by reducing YKL-40 levels. + However, it is important to note that ""treats"" is a strong word that typically implies a complete resolution of symptoms or disease state. The statement does not explicitly say that prednisolone resolves colitis, but rather that it improves some of its physiologic changes. Therefore, while there is some level of support for prednisolone having an effect on colitis, it may not be entirely accurate to say that it ""treats"" colitis based on this statement alone. Further evidence would be needed to make such a claim." +7676165,Prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease,1181,"Treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, transurethral lithotomy, saline infusion, and prednisolone (30 mg/day) alleviated the urolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, transurethral lithotomy, saline infusion, and prednisolone (30 mg/day) alleviated the urolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease"". The reason is that in the provided statement, it mentions that treatment involving prednisolone (30 mg/day) was used in conjunction with other therapies to alleviate several conditions including hypercalcemia. This implies that prednisolone could have contributed to the improvement of hypercalcemia, thus offering support for its use in treating hypercalcemia. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference since multiple treatments were administered simultaneously, making it impossible to attribute the effect solely to prednisolone without further investigation." +7603475,Prednisolone treats Duchenne muscular dystrophy,1182,A special program for long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy with complex control of the patients' state was developed.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A special program for long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy with complex control of the patients' state was developed.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The key phrase ""long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy"" suggests that prednisolone is being used as a therapeutic agent for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of prednisolone treating DMD as it does not explicitly state that prednisolone improves symptoms or halts disease progression. - However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; thus, we cannot definitively conclude that Prednisolone is responsible for reducing YKL-40 levels without additional evidence. Further investigation is required to establish whether Prednisolone has a direct impact on YKL-40 levels in patients with temporal arteritis or if other factors contribute to these changes. + The statement mentions that the program is complex and involves controlling the patients' state, which could imply that prednisolone is used in conjunction with other interventions or treatments for DMD management. Therefore, while there is some level of support for prednisolone being used in DMD treatment, further investigation would be necessary to establish its efficacy as a standalone treatment for DMD. - Additionally, it is essential to consider potential side effects of Prednisolone treatment when interpreting these results since corticosteroids like Prednisolone can have" -7900659,Prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica,1176,Most patients with PMR had normal serum YKL-40 levels (median 158 microg/liter) and had no changes in the serum YKL-40 levels during prednisolone treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Most patients with PMR had normal serum YKL-40 levels (median 158 microg/liter) and had no changes in the serum YKL-40 levels during prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). The statement indicates that most patients with PMR have normal serum YKL-40 levels both before and after prednisolone treatment. This suggests that changes in YKL-40 levels may not be a reliable indicator of PMR activity or treatment response. However, it does not provide evidence that prednisolone is effective in treating PMR. To establish such support, we would need direct evidence showing that prednisolone improves symptoms or outcomes in PMR patients." -7866839,Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia,1177,"Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood with cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, prednisolone, and mercaptopurine or thioguanine.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood with cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, prednisolone, and mercaptopurine or thioguanine.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Prednisolone treats acute myeloid leukemia"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that prednisolone is used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia of childhood in combination with other drugs such as cytosine arabinoside, daunorubicin, mercaptopurine or thioguanine. This suggests that prednisolone has some therapeutic effect on acute myeloid leukemia, thus providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that prednisolone is rarely used as a single agent in treating acute myeloid leukemia due to its lower efficacy compared to other drugs mentioned in the statement." -7819165,Prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus,1178,Subacute severe steatohepatitis during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Subacute severe steatohepatitis during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosis.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the provided statement. The statement mentions that subacute severe steatohepatitis occurred during prednisolone therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating autoimmune diseases like SLE due to its anti-inflammatory properties (1). + In summary, while indirect support can be inferred from the statement regarding prednisolone treating DMD, more rigorous studies would be required for definitive evidence of its therapeutic benefits for DMD patients." +7600829,Prednisolone treats multiple sclerosis,1183,"Long-term open-trial of mizoribine with prednisolone in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis: safety, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long-term open-trial of mizoribine with prednisolone in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis: safety, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study mentions the use of prednisolone in combination with mizoribine for treating multiple sclerosis in 24 patients over the long term. Although it does not explicitly state that prednisolone alone treats multiple sclerosis, it suggests that prednisolone is part of an effective treatment regimen for managing multiple sclerosis symptoms when used in conjunction with mizoribine. - The fact that prednisolone was administered as part of therapy for SLE suggests that it was considered beneficial for treating the disease. However, it is important to note that complications like steatohepatitis can arise during corticosteroid therapy (2). This does not negate prednisolone's potential therapeutic effects on SLE but highlights the need for careful monitoring of patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy due to potential side effects. + However, it is essential to note that open-label trials have inherent limitations as they lack blinding and randomization, which can introduce bias in treatment outcomes. Therefore, while there is some evidence suggesting prednisolone may have beneficial effects in treating multiple sclerosis as part of a combination therapy, more rigorous clinical trials would be required for definitive conclusions regarding its efficacy as monotherapy for multiple sclerosis treatment." +7586864,Prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis,1184,A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC.""?","Yes, the statement ""A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC"" does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis (UC). - In summary, while the statement does not explicitly confirm that prednisolone treats SLE, it does provide indirect evidence supporting that use given prednisolone's known therapeutic properties and" -7800931,Prednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,1179,"However, after administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) (0.4 g/kg/day x 5 days), low-dose PSL (20 mg/day) alleviated the LEMS and ITP, and the diseases have remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, after administration of immunoglobulin (IVIG) (0.4 g/kg/day x 5 days), low-dose PSL (20 mg/day) alleviated the LEMS and ITP, and the diseases have remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone (PSL) treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The statement mentions that low-dose PSL (20 mg/day) was administered in conjunction with immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment for ITP, and that the patient has remained in remission for 8 months without additional IVIG treatment. This suggests that the PSL treatment was effective in managing ITP, at least in part, as the patient has not relapsed after discontinuing IVIG treatment. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference, as the statement does not explicitly state that PSL was solely responsible for remission, nor does it provide information about how other treatments may have contributed to the patient's recovery." -7704078,Prednisolone treats colitis,1180,"On the other hand, prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Prednisolone and short chain fatty acids seemed to improve only the physiologic changes of colitis"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone treats colitis"". + The statement implies that prednisolone was used as a treatment for UC in this particular patient, suggesting that prednisolone has therapeutic value in managing UC symptoms. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a single case report. A more robust evaluation of the efficacy of prednisolone in treating UC would require controlled clinical trials and systematic reviews of the literature. - The phrase ""improve only the physiologic changes of colitis"" suggests that prednisolone has an effect on the physical symptoms of colitis. This is consistent with the general understanding of treatment - that it alleviates symptoms of a disease. Therefore, it can be inferred that prednisolone has some therapeutic effect on colitis, even though the statement does not explicitly say so. + Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that is often used in the treatment of UC due to its anti-inflammatory effects. It can help reduce inflammation in the lining of the intestine, thereby alleviating symptoms such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. However, long-term use of prednisolone is associated with significant side effects, which is why it is typically used as a short-term treatment or in conjunction" +7485161,Prednisolone treats uveitis,1185,DISCUSSION: Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Prednisolone treats uveitis"". The statement ""Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU"" implies that prednisolone does have some effect on EAU (Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis), otherwise it wouldn't be compared to allopurinol. Uveitis is a form of EAU, so if prednisolone has an effect on EAU, it can be inferred that it also has an effect on uveitis. However, this is an indirect inference and should be confirmed through direct clinical studies or trials specifically investigating the effect of prednisolone on uveitis." +7430895,Prednisolone treats asthma,1186,"Interleukin-5 mRNA was detected in all asthmatics before prednisolone therapy; however, after prednisolone therapy, IL-5 mRNA was only detected in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interleukin-5 mRNA was detected in all asthmatics before prednisolone therapy; however, after prednisolone therapy, IL-5 mRNA was only detected in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that prednisolone treats asthma. The statement suggests that prednisolone therapy reduces Interleukin-5 (IL-5) mRNA levels in most asthmatics but not in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics. This implies that prednisolone has an effect on asthma pathophysiology, specifically by reducing IL-5 mRNA levels, which is associated with asthma severity and inflammation. Therefore, prednisolone could be considered as a treatment for asthma based on this evidence. However, it is important to note that not all asthmatics respond to prednisolone therapy, as seen in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics, indicating that further studies are needed to understand the variability in responses among different asthma subtypes." +7417999,Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis,1187,"Combined therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin, and dipyridamole for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy--is it relevant for adult patients?",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin, and dipyridamole for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy--is it relevant for adult patients?""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis."" The original statement discusses combined therapy for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy (a type of glomerulonephritis), which includes prednisolone as one of several components. However, it does not specifically link prednisolone as an effective treatment for IgA glomerulonephritis in adults. - However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a single statement. A more definitive conclusion would require a more thorough analysis of the evidence, including but not limited to, the context in which the statement was made, other related studies, and the overall consensus in the field of colitis research." -7676165,Prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease,1181,"Treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, transurethral lithotomy, saline infusion, and prednisolone (30 mg/day) alleviated the urolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, transurethral lithotomy, saline infusion, and prednisolone (30 mg/day) alleviated the urolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats hypercalcemia disease. The user statement reports that treatment involving prednisolone (30 mg/day) was part of a regimen that alleviated several conditions including urolithiasis, renal insufficiency, and hypercalcemia. Hypercalcemia is characterized by abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood, which can lead to various complications if left untreated. Since prednisolone was administered as part of the treatment that improved hypercalcemia in addition to other conditions, it suggests that prednisolone may have contributed to addressing hypercalcemia in this specific case. + To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis,"" one would need evidence showing that prednisolone alone (not in combination therapy) has beneficial effects on IgA glomerulonephritis in adults. The original statement does not provide such evidence; therefore, it cannot be used as indirect support for that claim. - However, it is essential to note that such evidence only provides indirect support for prednisolone as a treatment for hypercalcemia because it is unclear whether hypercalcemia was resolved due to prednisolone specifically or as an indirect consequence of treating other conditions (urolithiasis and renal insufficiency). To establish more robust evidence for prednisolone as an effective treatment for hypercalcemia, further investigation would be required through controlled" -7603475,Prednisolone treats Duchenne muscular dystrophy,1182,A special program for long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy with complex control of the patients' state was developed.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A special program for long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy with complex control of the patients' state was developed.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement. The key phrase ""long-term application of low-dose prednisolone treatment in Duchenne-Becker muscular dystrophy"" suggests that prednisolone is being used as a therapeutic agent for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). However, it's important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence, as the statement does not explicitly claim that prednisolone treats DMD. + It is important to differentiate between combined therapy for severe cases of IgA nephropathy in paediatric patients and using prednisolone as monotherapy for treating IgA glomerulonephritis in adults since these two scenarios may have different outcomes due to differences in patient demograph" +7158230,Prednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis,1188,Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement provides evidence that prednisolone was used in conjunction with methotrexate to treat a patient with renal amyloidosis caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and it resulted in remission of the nephrotic syndrome. This suggests that prednisolone may have contributed positively to the treatment of RA-related symptoms in this case. However, it's important to note that prednisolone was used in combination with methotrexate, making it impossible to attribute the remission solely to prednisolone. Furthermore, remission of nephrotic syndrome is not equivalent to treating rheumatoid arthritis itself; it is one of many potential symptoms of RA that can be targeted by treatment. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for prednisolone treating RA from this statement, it is not definitive proof." +23769275,Hydrocortisone treats leukemia,1189,"Study protocol: DexaDays-2, hydrocortisone for treatment of dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized intervention study with cross-over design.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Study protocol: DexaDays-2, hydrocortisone for treatment of dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized intervention study with cross-over design.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats leukemia."" The study protocol describes an investigation into dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients using hydrocortisone as an intervention for managing these side effects. While hydrocortisone may be used in leukemia treatment regimens due to its immunosuppressive properties, it is not accurate to infer from this study protocol that hydrocortisone is being used as a treatment for leukemia itself." +22345112,Hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis,1190,"Aims and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of injection placentrex and injection hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in increasing mouth opening, burning sensation, and improve the mucosal lining.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aims and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of injection placentrex and injection hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in increasing mouth opening, burning sensation, and improve the mucosal lining.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis. The aim of the study includes evaluating the efficacy of hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in relation to increasing mouth opening, reducing burning sensation, and improving mucosal lining. This suggests that hydrocortisone is being considered as a potential treatment for oral submucous fibrosis in this study, providing indirect evidence that it may have beneficial effects in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; further investigation through rigorous clinical trials would be necessary to establish hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for oral submucous fibrosis." +22282269,Hydrocortisone treats Infection,1191,"The results presented herein imply that the three families of cyanine dyes, in particular compounds 5a-f, show high potential as selective scaffolds to treat C. albicans infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results presented herein imply that the three families of cyanine dyes, in particular compounds 5a-f, show high potential as selective scaffolds to treat C. albicans infections.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Infection"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results presented herein imply that the three families of cyanine dyes, in particular compounds 5a-f, show high potential as selective scaffolds to treat C. albicans infections."" - The indirect support comes from the well-established understanding that prednisolone is used in the management of DMD. Prednisolone is known to slow disease progression in DMD by reducing inflammation and protecting muscle fibers. However, it does not cure the disease and comes with potential side effects, which is why careful control of patient state is necessary in long-term treatment. Therefore, while the statement provides indirect support for the use of prednisolone in DMD management, it does not claim that prednisolone treats DMD in its entirety." -7600829,Prednisolone treats multiple sclerosis,1183,"Long-term open-trial of mizoribine with prednisolone in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis: safety, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long-term open-trial of mizoribine with prednisolone in 24 patients with multiple sclerosis: safety, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that there was an open-trial conducted on 24 patients with multiple sclerosis using both mizoribine and prednisolone. Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory conditions such as multiple sclerosis due to its anti-inflammatory effects. The fact that it was used in an open trial for multiple sclerosis patients suggests that it has some therapeutic potential for treating multiple sclerosis, even though it was used in combination with another drug in this particular study. + The statement in question specifically discusses the potential of cyanine dyes, particularly compounds 5a-f, in treating infections caused by Candida albicans (C. albicans). Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects and is not typically used as an antimicrobial agent. Therefore, there is no indirect support for hydrocortisone's efficacy in treating infections from the statement provided." +21368080,Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma,1192,The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l.""?","No, the statement ""The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma."" - - However, it is important to note that open trials generally have lower levels of evidence compared to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) due to potential bias from lack of blinding and randomization. Also, the study did not compare prednisolone alone against placebo or another treatment which would be necessary to definitively conclude that prednisolone treats multiple sclerosis better than no treatment or another treatment. + The serum cortisol concentration in lymphoma patients indicates the level of cortisol, a stress hormone produced by the adrenal gland, in these patients. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol often used in medication for various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. + + While it is true that hydrocortisone can be used in treating certain types of cancer due to its immunosuppressive properties, it does not automatically mean that it ""treats lymphoma."" Lymphoma is a complex disease that involves various types of cancers originating from lymphocytes (white blood cells). The treatment for lymphoma usually involves chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or stem cell transplantation - not just hydrocortisone alone. + + Therefore" +19834754,Hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest,1193,"Compared to controls, glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA, severely disrupted by hyaluronidase (HAase) with CA, and mitigated by hydrocortisone (HC) with CA.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Compared to controls, glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA, severely disrupted by hyaluronidase (HAase) with CA, and mitigated by hydrocortisone (HC) with CA.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study compares cardiac arrest (CA) controls to those treated with hyaluronidase (HAase) during CA, as well as those treated with hydrocortisone (HC) during CA. The results indicate that glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA alone but severely disrupted by CA combined with HAase treatment. However, when HC is administered during CA, glycocalyx disruption is mitigated compared to CA plus HAase treatment. - Therefore, while there is some indirect evidence suggesting that prednisolone may have therapeutic potential in treating multiple" -7586864,Prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis,1184,A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC.""?","Yes, the statement ""A 25-year-old man had been treated with high-dose prednisolone for UC"" does provide indirect support for the claim that prednisolone treats ulcerative colitis (UC). + While the statement does not explicitly claim that hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest, it does suggest that hydrocortisone may have a protective effect on glycocalyx during cardiac arrest events when compared to controls and HAase treatments. This protective effect could potentially contribute to improved patient outcomes during cardiac arrest events; however, further investigation is necessary to establish causality and clinical relevance conclusively." +17499762,Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis,1194,"In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption.""?","Yes, the statement ""In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis"". - The key word here is ""treated."" This implies that prednisolone was used as an intervention for UC in this particular patient. The fact that it was administered at high doses also suggests that it was used as a therapeutic agent rather than for diagnostic purposes. + The statement suggests that hydrocortisone has both local (at the site of application) and systemic effects when used in the treatment of dermatitis. This implies that hydrocortisone can help manage symptoms of dermatitis (local effect) and potentially influence the body's overall response to dermatitis (systemic effect). This is consistent with the general understanding that hydrocortisone is often used as a treatment for various forms of dermatitis due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim, it does not constitute direct evidence of hydrocortisone's effectiveness in treating dermatitis. For that, one would need to look at clinical trials or other forms of direct empirical evidence." +16946872,Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm,1195,"The mean (+/- SD) plasma cortisol concentration for the initial 8-hour testing period was highest in 18 dogs with adrenocortical tumor (5.3 +/- 1.6 micrograms/dl), lowest in 15 control dogs (1.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/dl), and intermediate in 31 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH; 3.4 +/- 1.2 micrograms/dl).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The mean (+/- SD) plasma cortisol concentration for the initial 8-hour testing period was highest in 18 dogs with adrenocortical tumor (5.3 +/- 1.6 micrograms/dl), lowest in 15 control dogs (1.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/dl), and intermediate in 31 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH; 3.4 +/- 1.2 micrograms/dl).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm"". The statement presents data on plasma cortisol concentrations in dogs with different conditions, but it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment or its effects on these conditions. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone often used in treating various conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. However, without information on its administration and impact on adrenal cortex neoplasm, no conclusions can be drawn regarding its efficacy in treating such tumors." +15753359,Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia,1196,Our results suggest that PL may increase the availability of cortisol in chronically stressed men and may attenuate stress-induced memory impairments.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our results suggest that PL may increase the availability of cortisol in chronically stressed men and may attenuate stress-induced memory impairments.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses the effects of Prolonged-Lensed (PL) therapy on cortisol availability in chronically stressed men and its potential impact on stress-induced memory impairments. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol; however, there is no mention of hydrocortisone being used in treatment nor any direct link made between cortisol increase and dissociative amnesia treatment in the statement provided. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia." +15602187,Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia,1197,All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs.""?","No, the statement ""All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia."" - However, it is important to note that while this provides some level of support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof that prednisolone is an effective treatment for UC. This is because anecdotal evidence from a single case does not account for other factors that might have contributed to the patient's improvement, such as dietary changes, other medications, or spontaneous remission of symptoms. + The statement discusses the effect of inhibitors on cortisol secretion in hypoxic dogs but does not explicitly mention hydrocortisone or its therapeutic effect on hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood). Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone that acts as an anti-inflammatory agent; it is not an inhibitor of cortisol secretion. - Therefore, while the statement suggests that prednisolone has been used in treating UC, further clinical studies involving larger sample sizes would be needed to establish its efficacy conclusively." -7485161,Prednisolone treats uveitis,1185,DISCUSSION: Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""DISCUSSION: Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that Prednisolone treats uveitis. The statement ""Allopurinol is more effective than prednisolone in treating EAU"" implies that Prednisolone is indeed effective in treating EAU (Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis), which is a form of uveitis. However, it should be noted that this doesn't necessarily mean that Prednisolone is the best treatment option for uveitis, as Allopurinol has been shown to be more effective in this specific context. It's also important to remember that effectiveness can depend on various factors including the specific type of uveitis, the patient's overall health, potential side effects, and more. Therefore, while the statement does provide indirect support for Prednisolone's effectiveness in treating uveitis, it doesn't provide a complete picture of its utility in all cases." -7430895,Prednisolone treats asthma,1186,"Interleukin-5 mRNA was detected in all asthmatics before prednisolone therapy; however, after prednisolone therapy, IL-5 mRNA was only detected in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interleukin-5 mRNA was detected in all asthmatics before prednisolone therapy; however, after prednisolone therapy, IL-5 mRNA was only detected in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that prednisolone treats asthma. The statement suggests that prednisolone therapy reduces Interleukin-5 (IL-5) mRNA levels in most asthmatics but not in non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics. This implies that prednisolone has an effect on asthma pathophysiology, specifically by reducing IL-5 mRNA expression which is associated with airway inflammation in asthma. Therefore, prednisolone could be considered as a treatment for asthma. However, it is important to note that not all asthmatics respond to prednisolone therapy, particularly those who are non-GCS-responsive BHR asthmatics. + Hypoxemia is caused by various factors such as impaired lung function, reduced oxygen supply, or abnormal hemoglobin function. While hydrocortisone may help manage some underlying conditions that contribute to hypoxemia by reducing inflammation, it does not directly treat hypoxemia itself by increasing oxygen levels in the blood. - The nuance here is that while prednisolone may have therapeutic effects in many asthmatics, it does not benefit all subtypes of asthma equally. This could be due to differences in disease mechanisms or steroid resistance in certain subgroups of asthmatics. Therefore, while prednisolone can be considered as a treatment for asthma based on this evidence, it is" -7417999,Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis,1187,"Combined therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin, and dipyridamole for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy--is it relevant for adult patients?",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined therapy with prednisolone, azathioprine, heparin-warfarin, and dipyridamole for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy--is it relevant for adult patients?""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis."" The original statement discusses combined therapy for paediatric patients with severe IgA nephropathy (a type of glomerulonephritis), which includes prednisolone among other drugs. However, it does not specify that prednisolone is responsible for treating IgA glomerulonephritis in these patients nor does it provide information about its efficacy in treating adult patients with IgA glomerulonephritis. + Therefore, based on the provided statement, there is no evidence supporting the claim that hydrocortisone treats hypoxemia in dogs or any" +15325707,Hydrocortisone treats psoriasis,1198,"The expression of StAR and MLN64 was aberrant in two skin disorders, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, that are commonly treated with cortisol, suggesting dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis in these patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The expression of StAR and MLN64 was aberrant in two skin disorders, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, that are commonly treated with cortisol, suggesting dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis in these patients.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats psoriasis based on the provided statement. The statement suggests that cortisol (a hormone which hydrocortisone mimics) is commonly used in treating psoriasis and atopic dermatitis due to aberrant expression of StAR and MLN64, which implies dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis in these patients. This implies that correcting this dysregulation through administration of cortisol (or hydrocortisone) could potentially alleviate symptoms of psoriasis. However, it is important to note that while corticosteroids like hydrocortisone have been used in treating psoriasis, they may not be effective for all patients due to potential side effects and development of resistance over time. Therefore, further investigation is necessary for more direct support of hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for psoriasis." +15213238,Hydrocortisone treats herpes labialis,1199,"ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear) is a combination of 5% acyclovir and 1% hydrocortisone developed for the topical treatment of HSL.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats herpes labialis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear) is a combination of 5% acyclovir and 1% hydrocortisone developed for the topical treatment of HSL.""?","Yes, indirectly it does provide some support for the statement that hydrocortisone treats herpes labialis (HL). The statement mentions that ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear) is a topical treatment for HSL that contains 1% hydrocortisone along with 5% acyclovir. This implies that hydrocortisone is an active ingredient in a treatment for herpes labialis, thus lending indirect support to the claim that hydrocortisone can be used to treat HL. - To further clarify, IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is often associated with IgA glomerulonephritis (IgAGN), but they are not identical conditions. IgAN is characterized by the deposition of IgA immune complexes in the glomerular mesangium, while IgAGN is defined by inflammation in the glomeruli due to IgA deposition. Although prednisolone has been used in treating IgAN, more evidence is required specifically for IgAGN before making any conclusions about" -7158230,Prednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis,1188,Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Remission of the nephrotic syndrome in a patient with renal amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisolone and methotrexate.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement provides evidence that prednisolone was used in conjunction with methotrexate to treat a patient with renal amyloidosis due to rheumatoid arthritis (RA), leading to remission of the nephrotic syndrome in that patient. This suggests that prednisolone may have contributed positively towards managing symptoms related to RA, including potentially alleviating symptoms of arthritis itself. However, it is important to note that prednisolone was used in combination therapy along with methotrexate in treating RA in this case, so one cannot conclude that prednisolone alone treats rheumatoid arthritis based on this statement alone. + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone itself is not primarily an antiviral agent; instead, its role in ME-609 is likely to help manage inflammation and symptoms associated with herpes labialis rather than treating the viral infection itself. Acyclovir is the primary antiviral agent in ME-609 that combats herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), which is responsible for causing herpes labialis. Therefore, while hydrocortisone may have some benefits in treating HSL when used in combination with acyclovir, it is not accurate to claim" +14532907,Hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of liver,1200,The urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity has been studied in Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection to determine any possible alteration in enzyme activity.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of liver"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity has been studied in Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection to determine any possible alteration in enzyme activity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of the liver. The statement discusses a study on Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection, focusing on the urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity. While this study may provide valuable insights into how liver cirrhosis affects enzyme activity in these patients, it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment for cirrhosis at all. - - In order to make stronger conclusions about prednisolone as an effective treatment for RA specifically, more extensive clinical trials would need to be conducted where prednisolone is used as monotherapy for RA patients, as well as analyzing other relevant factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, side effects, etc. + The misconception might arise from conflating two separate concepts - using a biomarker (6 beta-OHC/C) to study enzyme activity in cirrhotic patients versus treating cirrhosis of the liver with hydrocortisone. Although both statements involve liver cirrhosis, they represent different aspects of liver disease investigation and management. - - Additionally, it is worth noting that remission of nephrotic syndrome" -23769275,Hydrocortisone treats leukemia,1189,"Study protocol: DexaDays-2, hydrocortisone for treatment of dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized intervention study with cross-over design.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Study protocol: DexaDays-2, hydrocortisone for treatment of dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients: a double-blind placebo controlled randomized intervention study with cross-over design.""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone treats leukemia"" does not receive indirect support from the provided study protocol for DexaDays-2. The study is focused on managing dexamethasone-induced neurobehavioral side effects in pediatric leukemia patients using hydrocortisone as an intervention; it does not investigate hydrocortisone as a primary treatment for leukemia itself. The misconception arises from conflating the treatment of leukemia as a disease and managing side effects associated with its treatment (dexamethasone in this case). The study protocol does not provide evidence for hydrocortisone as a treatment for leukemia but rather as an intervention for side effects experienced by patients undergoing leukemia treatment." -22345112,Hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis,1190,"Aims and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of injection placentrex and injection hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in increasing mouth opening, burning sensation, and improve the mucosal lining.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aims and Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of injection placentrex and injection hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in increasing mouth opening, burning sensation, and improve the mucosal lining.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats oral submucous fibrosis. The aim of the study includes evaluating the efficacy of hydrocortisone in oral submucous fibrosis patients in relation to increasing mouth opening, reducing burning sensation, and improving mucosal lining. This suggests that hydrocortisone is being considered as a potential treatment for oral submucous fibrosis in this study, providing indirect evidence that it may have beneficial effects in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that further investigation is required before making definitive conclusions about its effectiveness as a treatment for oral submucous fibrosis." -22282269,Hydrocortisone treats Infection,1191,"The results presented herein imply that the three families of cyanine dyes, in particular compounds 5a-f, show high potential as selective scaffolds to treat C. albicans infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results presented herein imply that the three families of cyanine dyes, in particular compounds 5a-f, show high potential as selective scaffolds to treat C. albicans infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Infection."" The statement discusses the potential of certain cyanine dyes (compounds 5a-f) as selective scaffolds for treating C. albicans infections. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is it implied in any way. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects and is not typically used as an antifungal agent for treating infections caused by C. albicans. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of their subject matter." -21368080,Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma,1192,The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l.""?","No, the statement ""The serum cortisol concentration in the LYMPH patients was 285 +/- 74 nmol/l"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats lymphoma."" + To establish indirect support for hydrocortisone treatment of cirrhosis from such a statement, one would need evidence suggesting that CYP3A" +14075841,Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1201,"Here, we report a case of fatal ATLS complicating intrathecal injections of methotrexate, cytarabine and hydrocortisone for acute lymphoblastic leukemia which relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report a case of fatal ATLS complicating intrathecal injections of methotrexate, cytarabine and hydrocortisone for acute lymphoblastic leukemia which relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement reports a case where hydrocortisone was used in combination with other drugs for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia that had relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The patient experienced fatal complications related to Adult Trauma Life Support (ATLS). However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The statement only shows an association between hydrocortisone usage and leukemia in this specific case; it does not demonstrate causation or treatment efficacy." +13951019,Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease,1202,"Except in one patient with HIV infection, all the signs and symptoms improved after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Except in one patient with HIV infection, all the signs and symptoms improved after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a patient with HIV infection showed improvement in signs and symptoms after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment, but it does not necessarily imply that hydrocortisone was responsible for treating HIV infection specifically. Hydrocortisone is known for its anti-inflammatory effects which could have contributed to improving symptoms in general without specifically targeting HIV infection itself. Therefore, it would be inaccurate to conclude that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for HIV infectious disease based solely on this statement." +13724762,Hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome,1203,"Cortisol levels are elevated in patients with RSV and Ebola, and cortisol was higher in SARS patients with lymphopenia before any steroid therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol levels are elevated in patients with RSV and Ebola, and cortisol was higher in SARS patients with lymphopenia before any steroid therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The statement discusses cortisol levels in patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Ebola, and SARS, but it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment for SARS patients specifically. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol; however, without direct evidence linking hydrocortisone therapy to improved outcomes in SARS patients, no conclusions can be drawn regarding its efficacy in treating SARS. - The serum cortisol concentration in lymphoma patients mentioned in the statement is simply a measurement of the level of cortisol, a hormone that hydrocortisone can mimic. This measurement does not imply that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for lymphoma, nor does it establish any causal relationship between cortisol levels and lymphoma prognosis. + To further elaborate on this response, let us consider some important aspects of interpreting medical evidence in relation to therapeutic interventions. - Hydrocortisone is sometimes used in cancer treatments due to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, its specific application in lymphoma treatment would depend on various factors such as the type of lymphoma, disease stage, patient condition, and potential side effects. Therefore, any claim about hydrocortisone treating lymphoma would require rigorous clinical trials and direct evidence showing its safety and efficacy in treating lymphoma patients." -19834754,Hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest,1193,"Compared to controls, glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA, severely disrupted by hyaluronidase (HAase) with CA, and mitigated by hydrocortisone (HC) with CA.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Compared to controls, glycocalyx was mildly injured by CA, severely disrupted by hyaluronidase (HAase) with CA, and mitigated by hydrocortisone (HC) with CA.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support to the claim that hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest (CA). The statement indicates that glycocalyx injury was mild in cases of CA alone but became severely disrupted when hyaluronidase (HAase) was introduced along with CA. However, when hydrocortisone (HC) was administered together with CA, there was mitigation of glycocalyx damage. This suggests that hydrocortisone may have a protective effect on cardiac arrest-induced glycocalyx damage. + 1. Specificity of intervention: The statement does not explicitly mention hydrocortisone as an intervention for SARS patients; therefore, it cannot provide indirect support for its use in treating SARS. - + 2. Context of cortisol elevation: While cortisol levels may be elevated in patients suffering from various respiratory illnesses like RSV, Ebola, and SARS, it" +13691671,Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance,1204,OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance."" The objective of the study is to investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone that is used in various medical treatments but it is not an insulin sensitizer. The study is investigating the potential impact of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients, not hydrocortisone specifically." +12881395,Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction,1205,The paper yields the results of the study into the elimination of exogenous cortisol from the blood bed in 26 patients with myocardial infarction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The paper yields the results of the study into the elimination of exogenous cortisol from the blood bed in 26 patients with myocardial infarction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the elimination of exogenous cortisol from the blood in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Exogenous cortisol refers to synthetic cortisol administered externally, not hydrocortisone specifically. Hydrocortisone is endogenous cortisol produced naturally within the body; thus, it is not covered under exogenous cortisol elimination in this context. - That being said, it is important to note that while this finding suggests that hydrocortisone may have beneficial effects during cardiac arrest, it does not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone treats cardiac arrest in its entirety. The protective effect of hydrocortisone observed in this study is specific to glycocalyx damage during cardiac arrest, and further studies would be needed to determine whether hydrocortisone has broader therapeutic benefits in treating cardiac arrest. + The misconception might arise from assuming that any form of cortisol would have similar effects on MI treatment due to their shared functions as glucocorticoids. However, hydrocortisone has not been explicitly mentioned in relation to treating MI in this study. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer any supportive evidence for hydrocortisone as an MI treatment based on this statement alone." +12524121,Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm,1206,"Retinoic acid treatment controls ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and tumor size in dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Retinoic acid treatment controls ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and tumor size in dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm."" - + The statement discusses the effects of retinoic acid treatment on dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, focusing on its ability to control ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and reduce tumor size, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype. However, it does not mention hydrocortisone at all, let alone its potential therapeutic effects on neoplasms (tumors). Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between hydrocortisone and tumor treatment in this context. - Additionally, it is crucial to consider other factors such as dosage" -17499762,Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis,1194,"In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption.""?","Yes, the statement ""In the acute phase of dermatitis, topical hydrocortisone treatment has both a local and a systemic effect, due to percutaneous absorption"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis"". + That being said, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in medical treatments for various conditions, including some cancers, due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, without explicit reference to hydrocortisone in the statement provided, it would be inappropriate to draw any conclusions about its effects on neoplasms based on this information alone." +11965490,Hydrocortisone treats injury,1207,Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma.""?","No, the statement ""Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats injury"". - The statement suggests that hydrocortisone has therapeutic effects on dermatitis in its acute phase due to its ability to penetrate the skin (percutaneous absorption) and exert local as well as systemic effects. This implies that hydrocortisone can help alleviate symptoms of dermatitis both at the site of application (local effect) and elsewhere in the body (systemic effect). Therefore, it can be inferred that hydrocortisone does indeed have a treatment effect on dermatitis based on this information. However, it is important to note that further investigation would be required for a more definitive conclusion as additional factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, potential side effects, and comparison to other treatments should also be considered in determining the efficacy of hydrocortisone for dermatitis treatment." -16946872,Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm,1195,"The mean (+/- SD) plasma cortisol concentration for the initial 8-hour testing period was highest in 18 dogs with adrenocortical tumor (5.3 +/- 1.6 micrograms/dl), lowest in 15 control dogs (1.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/dl), and intermediate in 31 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH; 3.4 +/- 1.2 micrograms/dl).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The mean (+/- SD) plasma cortisol concentration for the initial 8-hour testing period was highest in 18 dogs with adrenocortical tumor (5.3 +/- 1.6 micrograms/dl), lowest in 15 control dogs (1.3 +/- 0.5 micrograms/dl), and intermediate in 31 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH; 3.4 +/- 1.2 micrograms/dl).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenal cortex neoplasm."" The statement presents data on plasma cortisol concentrations in dogs with different conditions, but it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment or its effects on these conditions. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone often used in treating various conditions due to its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties; however, its specific application in treating adrenal cortex neoplasm would require separate clinical evidence showing its efficacy in treating such conditions." -15753359,Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia,1196,Our results suggest that PL may increase the availability of cortisol in chronically stressed men and may attenuate stress-induced memory impairments.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our results suggest that PL may increase the availability of cortisol in chronically stressed men and may attenuate stress-induced memory impairments.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Our results suggest that PL may increase the availability of cortisol in chronically stressed men and may attenuate stress-induced memory impairments."" + The statement in question is a study on diurnal cortisol levels in schizophrenia patients who have experienced childhood trauma. Cortisol is a stress hormone that follows a diurnal rhythm, meaning it has daily fluctuations in its levels. This study is relevant in understanding how early life trauma can affect cortisol levels in individuals with schizophrenia, but it does not provide any information about hydrocortisone, which is a synthetic form of cortisol used as medication in certain medical conditions. - The statement in question discusses the effects of PL (presumably a drug or treatment) on cortisol availability and memory impairments in chronically stressed men. However, it does not mention hydrocortisone or dissociative amnesia. Hydrocortisone is a specific type of corticosteroid hormone used as a medication to treat various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and adrenal insufficiency. Dissociative amnesia is a specific type of memory loss that is not necessarily related to stress-induced memory impairments. + Hydrocortisone is often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects and its ability to suppress the immune system in conditions like adrenal insufficiency, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory conditions. The use of hydrocortisone in treating injuries is not a common practice unless there is an underlying inflammatory response that needs control. - Therefore, while the statement suggests that PL may have beneficial effects on memory in chronically stressed men by increasing cortisol availability, it does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats dissociative amnesia. The two statements discuss different treatments (PL vs hydrocort" -15602187,Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia,1197,All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Hypoxemia"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""All inhibitors prevented the rise in cortisol secretion usually observed in hypoxic dogs."" + Therefore" +11029944,Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder,1208,Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder"" does not receive direct support from the statement ""Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report."" The reason is that there is no mention of Hydrocortisone in the statement provided. However, it does not rule out the possibility that Compound F could be Hydrocortisone or that Hydrocortisone could be used for anterior segment eye disease treatment. To confirm such connections, further investigation would be required, such as determining Compound F's chemical identity in the study mentioned in the statement." +10518308,Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis,1209,Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone."" - The statement provided refers to inhibitors in general, not specifically to hydrocortisone. While it is true that hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone that can inhibit cortisol secretion, there is no direct or indirect evidence in the statement that specifically links hydrocortisone to treating hypoxemia (a condition characterized by low oxygen levels in the blood). + The statement suggests that hydrocortisone is used in treating ulcerative colitis, which implies that hydrocortisone has some therapeutic effect on the condition. However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone is the sole treatment for ulcerative colitis or that it is effective in all cases. The statement also specifies ""local"" hydrocortisone, which could mean that it is used in specific ways or in conjunction with other treatments. Therefore, while there is support for the claim that hydrocortisone can be used in treating ulcerative colitis, it is not a direct claim that hydrocortisone is the only or best treatment for the condition." +10516843,Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata,1210,"Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone."" - Hypoxemia is a complex condition that can be caused by various factors, including lung diseases, heart conditions, anemia, or high altitudes. Treatment usually involves addressing the underlying cause. Hydrocortisone might be used in certain circumstances where inflammation is contributing to hypoxemia, but the statement provided does not support this specific claim. + The statement lists hydrocortisone as one of the treatments for alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis. Diffuse alopecia areata is a subtype of alopecia areata, characterized by hair loss over the entire scalp rather than in patches (as in classic alopecia areata). Therefore, if hydrocortisone is effective for alopecia areata, it stands to reason that it could also be effective for diffuse alopecia areata, given that they share similar pathophysiological mechanisms related to autoimmunity. However, it is important to note that further studies specifically addressing diffuse alopecia areata would be necessary for more direct support of hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for that specific subtype of alopecia areata." +10492262,Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis,1211,Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report.""?","No, the statement ""Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis. The statement discusses phenylbutazone and compound F as treatments for osteoarthritis of the hip but does not mention hydrocortisone as a treatment option in any capacity. - Therefore, further evidence would be needed to support the claim that hydrocortisone treats hypoxemia." -15325707,Hydrocortisone treats psoriasis,1198,"The expression of StAR and MLN64 was aberrant in two skin disorders, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, that are commonly treated with cortisol, suggesting dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis in these patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The expression of StAR and MLN64 was aberrant in two skin disorders, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, that are commonly treated with cortisol, suggesting dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis in these patients.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats psoriasis based on the provided statement. The statement indicates that cortisol (a hormone which hydrocortisone mimics) is used in treating psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, suggesting its potential therapeutic effect on these conditions. The aberrant expression of StAR and MLN64 in these disorders implies dysregulation of epidermal steroid synthesis, which could be influenced by cortisol treatment given its role in steroid synthesis regulation. + However, it is important to note that while hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this specific study, it has been studied as an alternative treatment for osteoarthritis due to its anti-inflammatory properties (1). Intra-articular injections of hydrocortisone have been shown in some studies to provide short-term pain relief in patients suffering from osteoarthritis (2). Nonetheless, based on the information provided in the original statement alone, there is no evidence supporting hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for osteoarthritis of the hip. - However, it is important to note that while cortisol may be beneficial in treating psoriasis, hydrocortisone is not cortisol but rather a synthetic glucocorticoid that mimics some of cortisol's functions in the body. Therefore, further investigation would be required to determine whether hydrocortisone specifically is effective in treating psoriasis. - + References: - Additionally, it should be taken into account that long-term use of corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can lead to side effects such as skin thinning, making it essential for medical super" -15213238,Hydrocortisone treats herpes labialis,1199,"ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear) is a combination of 5% acyclovir and 1% hydrocortisone developed for the topical treatment of HSL.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats herpes labialis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear) is a combination of 5% acyclovir and 1% hydrocortisone developed for the topical treatment of HSL.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that hydrocortisone can be used in treating herpes labialis (cold sores). The provided statement mentions ME-609 (Xerese, Xerclear), which is a topical treatment for Herpes Labialis Simplex (HSL). It contains 1% hydrocortisone along with 5% acyclovir. Acyclovir is an antiviral medication commonly used to treat herpes labialis, while hydrocortisone is a steroid often used to reduce inflammation. Therefore, it can be inferred that hydrocortisone plays a role in managing symptoms of herpes labialis in this specific formulation (ME-609). However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone itself does not treat herpes labialis; rather, it helps alleviate symptoms such as inflammation and redness associated with the condition when used in combination with an antiviral agent like acyclovir." -14532907,Hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of liver,1200,The urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity has been studied in Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection to determine any possible alteration in enzyme activity.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of liver"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity has been studied in Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection to determine any possible alteration in enzyme activity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats cirrhosis of the liver. The statement discusses a study on Egyptian patients with chronic liver cirrhosis associated with previous hepatic Schistosomiasis infection, focusing on the urinary ratio of 6 beta-hydroxycortisol/cortisol (6 beta-OHC/C) as a biomarker of CYP3A4 metabolizing activity. This study investigates potential alterations in enzyme activity but does not mention hydrocortisone treatment for cirrhosis of the liver. + 1) ""Hydrocortisone for osteoarthrit" +10480635,Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis,1212,"Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma.""?","Yes, the statement ""Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis."" This is because atopic conjunctivitis is a type of allergic conjunctivitis, which is listed in the original statement as being treated by hydrocortisone. Therefore, it can be inferred that hydrocortisone could potentially be used to treat atopic conjunctivitis, even though it is not explicitly mentioned in the original statement. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof, and further research would be needed to confirm this hypothesis." +10280121,Hydrocortisone treats melanoma,1213,"METHOD: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma concentrations were measured in 14 patients with malignant melanoma at regular intervals during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha therapy, both immediately before and 1, 2, and 3 hours after IFN-alpha administration.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats melanoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHOD: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma concentrations were measured in 14 patients with malignant melanoma at regular intervals during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha therapy, both immediately before and 1, 2, and 3 hours after IFN-alpha administration.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats melanoma. The method described in the statement involves measuring certain plasma concentrations in melanoma patients undergoing IFN-alpha therapy. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this method, nor is there any connection made between IFN-alpha therapy and hydrocortisone treatment for melanoma. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for melanoma based on this statement alone." +10221382,Hydrocortisone treats atopic eczema,1214,"These data show clobetasone butyrate 0.05% is more effective than 1.0% hydrocortisone in the treatment of eczema and more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% (p=0.01%) and a potent topical steroid hydrocortisone butyrate (p<0.05), in the treatment of psoriasis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These data show clobetasone butyrate 0.05% is more effective than 1.0% hydrocortisone in the treatment of eczema and more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% (p=0.01%) and a potent topical steroid hydrocortisone butyrate (p<0.05), in the treatment of psoriasis.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic eczema"". The statement indicates that hydrocortisone butyrate is effective in treating eczema, which suggests that hydrocortisone itself may also have therapeutic effects on eczema given that it is structurally related to hydrocortisone butyrate. However, it is important to note that direct evidence is not provided in the statement for hydrocortisone treating atopic eczema specifically; therefore, any conclusions drawn should be considered tentative until further investigation is conducted. - The misconception may arise from conflating two separate concepts related to hydrocortisone and liver cirrhosis. Firstly, hydrocortisone metabolism can be influenced by liver function as it is processed mainly in the liver by enzymes like CYP3A4; secondly, hydrocortisone is sometimes used in clinical settings for various reasons unrelated to treating cirrhosis itself (e.g., managing complications such as ascites or hepatic encephalopathy). However, based on the information provided in the" -14075841,Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1201,"Here, we report a case of fatal ATLS complicating intrathecal injections of methotrexate, cytarabine and hydrocortisone for acute lymphoblastic leukemia which relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report a case of fatal ATLS complicating intrathecal injections of methotrexate, cytarabine and hydrocortisone for acute lymphoblastic leukemia which relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement reports a case where hydrocortisone was used in combination with other drugs for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia that had relapsed with meningeal involvement after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone has any therapeutic effect on acute lymphoblastic leukemia itself. Instead, it may suggest that hydrocortisone was used as part of a treatment regimen to manage complications associated with the disease or its treatment. Therefore, no supportive evidence is provided for hydrocortisone as a standalone treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in this statement." -13951019,Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease,1202,"Except in one patient with HIV infection, all the signs and symptoms improved after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Except in one patient with HIV infection, all the signs and symptoms improved after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats HIV infectious disease"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a patient with HIV infection showed improvement in signs and symptoms after antituberculous and hydrocortisone treatment. However, it does not necessarily imply that hydrocortisone was responsible for treating HIV infection itself. The improvement could be due to hydrocortisone treating other conditions (such as tuberculosis) that were co-occurring in the patient. To establish indirect support for hydrocortisone treating HIV infection specifically, there would need to be additional evidence linking hydrocortisone treatment to HIV viral load reduction or immune system restoration in people living with HIV/AIDS." -13724762,Hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome,1203,"Cortisol levels are elevated in patients with RSV and Ebola, and cortisol was higher in SARS patients with lymphopenia before any steroid therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol levels are elevated in patients with RSV and Ebola, and cortisol was higher in SARS patients with lymphopenia before any steroid therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The statement discusses cortisol levels in patients with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Ebola, and SARS, but it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment for SARS patients specifically. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol; however, without explicit evidence linking hydrocortisone therapy to improved outcomes in SARS patients, no conclusion can be drawn regarding its efficacy in treating SARS. + The statement does provide evidence that hydrocortisone is less effective than clobetasone butyrate in treating eczema (as it is not specified whether it is more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% in treating eczema) but more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% in treating psoriasis (and not specified whether it is more effective than clobetasone butyrate in treating psoriasis). This implies that different topical steroids may" +9971730,Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia,1215,The use of extracorporeal immunopharmacotherapy with diucifon in 53 patients and the retrosternal injection of isoniazid in combination with hydrocortisone in 43 patients have shown their efficiencies in the treatment of patients with caseous pneumonia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The use of extracorporeal immunopharmacotherapy with diucifon in 53 patients and the retrosternal injection of isoniazid in combination with hydrocortisone in 43 patients have shown their efficiencies in the treatment of patients with caseous pneumonia.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that hydrocortisone was used in combination with isoniazid for treating patients with caseous pneumonia, but it does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone alone is effective in treating pneumonia. Therefore, the support for the statement is only indirect at best. It is crucial to differentiate between indirect associations and direct evidence when interpreting scientific statements." +9665107,Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer,1216,"Therefore, a prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of a regimen of low dose (200 mg.) oral ketoconazole 3 times daily with replacement doses of hydrocortisone in men with androgen independent prostate cancer.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, a prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of a regimen of low dose (200 mg.) oral ketoconazole 3 times daily with replacement doses of hydrocortisone in men with androgen independent prostate cancer.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer."" The study mentioned is investigating the efficacy of ketoconazole in treating prostate cancer while using hydrocortisone as a replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency caused by ketoconazole treatment. The use of hydrocortisone in this context is not for treating prostate cancer but for addressing side effects of ketoconazole therapy." +9535781,Hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency,1217,"Long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency may have prevented a faster course of the liver disease, whereas the heterozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and moderate alcohol consumption constituted additional risk factors ultimately leading to the development of cirrhosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency may have prevented a faster course of the liver disease, whereas the heterozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and moderate alcohol consumption constituted additional risk factors ultimately leading to the development of cirrhosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency. The key phrase here is ""long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency."" This implies that hydrocortisone was used as a treatment for adrenocortical insufficiency. Furthermore, it suggests that this therapy may have had a protective effect against a faster course of liver disease, indicating that it was beneficial in managing the patient's condition. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference, as the primary focus of the statement is on the factors leading to cirrhosis development, not on the effectiveness of hydrocortisone in treating adrenocortical insufficiency." +9459897,Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder,1218,"After 24-h age, a subgroup (n = 8) received up to four doses (0.5-1.0 mg/kg each) of hydrocortisone for refractory hypotension.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 24-h age, a subgroup (n = 8) received up to four doses (0.5-1.0 mg/kg each) of hydrocortisone for refractory hypotension.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder"". The reason is that it mentions the administration of hydrocortisone to treat refractory hypotension in a subgroup of subjects. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a specific context and it doesn't necessarily imply that hydrocortisone is a definitive treatment for all cases of hypotensive disorder. Further evidence and studies would be needed to make such a claim." +9175521,Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus,1219,"Interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus."" The study referenced in the statement investigates the interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus. Cortisol is one of the hormones being studied in its natural state (endogenous), not as an administered treatment (exogenous). Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol; however, no claim is made in the statement about its therapeutic use for type 1 diabetes mellitus. - To provide indirect support for hydrocortisone treating SARS, additional information would be required, such as studies demonstrating that administering hydrocortisone to SARS patients results in reduced severity of symptoms or improved prognosis compared to patients not receiving hydrocortisone treatment. It is important to differentiate between cortisol (a hormone naturally produced by the body) and hydrocortisone (a synthetic drug) when interpreting such evidence." -13691671,Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance,1204,OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Insulin resistance."" The objective of the study is to investigate possible effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism in insulin-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone that is used in various medical conditions but not primarily for treating insulin resistance. The study might be investigating the effects of insulin-sensitizing treatment on cortisol metabolism, which could be influenced by hydrocortisone, but it does not imply that hydrocortisone is used for treating insulin resistance." -12881395,Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction,1205,The paper yields the results of the study into the elimination of exogenous cortisol from the blood bed in 26 patients with myocardial infarction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The paper yields the results of the study into the elimination of exogenous cortisol from the blood bed in 26 patients with myocardial infarction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats myocardial infarction."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the elimination of exogenous cortisol (a synthetic form of corticosteroid hormones such as cortisone) from the blood in patients who have experienced myocardial infarction (heart attack). Hydrocortisone is also a corticosteroid hormone but is not explicitly mentioned in the study as being administered; hence no conclusions can be drawn about its potential therapeutic effects on myocardial infarction based on this statement alone." -12524121,Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm,1206,"Retinoic acid treatment controls ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and tumor size in dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Retinoic acid treatment controls ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and tumor size in dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats neoplasm."" + The misinterpretation could arise from conflating endogenous cortisol (a hormone naturally produced in the body) with exogenous hydrocortisone (a synthetic drug). While both substances have similar effects on blood glucose levels due to their glucocorticoid properties, they should not be used interchangeably in this context because they represent different aspects of cortisol in diabetes management - one being a factor in disease pathophysiology (cortisol)," +8776300,Hydrocortisone treats Inflammation,1220,"Acidification with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid combined with hydrocortisone for inflammation is effective treatment in most cases and, when used after exposure to moisture, is an excellent prophylactic.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Acidification with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid combined with hydrocortisone for inflammation is effective treatment in most cases and, when used after exposure to moisture, is an excellent prophylactic.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats inflammation. The statement suggests that hydrocortisone is used in combination with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid as an effective treatment for inflammation in most cases. This implies that hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties, which aligns with the general understanding of its therapeutic use in medicine. However, it should be noted that the claim is indirectly supported because it does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone alone treats inflammation, but rather in combination with another substance." +8632826,Hydrocortisone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1221,"To study a possible relation between the use of postnatal glucocorticoids and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), we conducted a retrospective study over a 4-year period that compared data of 161 preterm infants treated with hydrocortisone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with the data of 253 controls.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To study a possible relation between the use of postnatal glucocorticoids and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), we conducted a retrospective study over a 4-year period that compared data of 161 preterm infants treated with hydrocortisone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with the data of 253 controls.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study is investigating the relationship between postnatal glucocorticoids (including hydrocortisone) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in preterm infants treated for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The fact that hydrocortisone was used in the treatment of BPD in preterm infants suggests that it may have some therapeutic effect in managing BPD symptoms. However, it does not provide direct evidence that hydrocortisone specifically treats BPD since it is possible that other factors could have contributed to the outcomes observed in these infants. - The statement discusses retinoic acid treatment for dogs with ACTH-secreting tumors, focusing on its ability to control ACTH and cortisol hyperactivity and reduce tumor size, leading to resolution of the clinical phenotype. This is distinct from hydrocortisone, which is a corticosteroid hormone involved in stress response and immune response regulation. While hydrocortisone might have some effects on neoplasm due to its immunosuppressive properties, the statement provided does not offer any information about hydrocortisone's potential impact on neoplasm in dogs or any other contexts. + It is important to note that while an indirect association between hydrocortisone use and potential benefits for BPD can be inferred from this study design, further investigation would be required to establish causality and determine the specific efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating BPD. This could include randomized controlled trials comparing hydrocortisone treatment against placebo or other standard-of-care treatments for BPD." +8540090,"Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic",1222,Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis."" - Furthermore, it is important to note that while some treatments may have incidental effects on neoplasm growth due to their broader physiological impacts (such as immunosuppression), these should not be conflated with targeted therapies for treating neoplasm, which typically involve specific mechanisms of action aimed at inhibiting cancer cell proliferation or survival." -11965490,Hydrocortisone treats injury,1207,Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma.""?","No, the statement ""Diurnal cortisol in schizophrenia patients with childhood trauma"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats injury"". + The reason for this is that hydrocortisone is a component of the treatment (ua-hydrocortisone) mentioned in the statement. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating various forms of dermatitis, including atopic dermatitis (eczema). Urea is an additional component that can help improve skin hydration and penetration of other substances into the skin. Therefore, even though the statement refers to urea-hydrocortisone as a whole treatment, it does provide indirect evidence supporting hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis. - The statement in question is a description of a study on diurnal cortisol levels in schizophrenia patients who have experienced childhood trauma. Cortisol is a hormone that the body produces in response to stress, and hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of this hormone often used in medical treatments. However, this study does not provide any information about the therapeutic effects of hydrocortisone in treating injury. + However, it is essential to note that further investigation would be necessary for more direct support of hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for atopic dermatitis. This could include clinical trials specifically examining hydrocortisone as monotherapy for atopic dermatitis rather than" +8412499,Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder,1223,"We studied the interactions of leptin, insulin and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We studied the interactions of leptin, insulin and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation.""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder"" does not receive at least indirect support from the provided statement. - Even though they are related in that they both involve cortisol, the study of diurnal cortisol levels in schizophrenia patients does not provide evidence for the therapeutic use of hydrocortisone in treating injury. The two statements are addressing different aspects of cortisol physiology and pathophysiology. The first one is about the diurnal rhythm of cortisol in a specific patient population while the second one is about the use of hydrocortisone as a treatment for injury." -11029944,Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder,1208,Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats eye disorder"" does not receive direct support from the statement ""Topical compound F in the treatment of anterior segment eye disease; a preliminary report."" This is because there is no mention of Hydrocortisone in the statement about compound F. + The study investigates the interactions of leptin, insulin, and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation. While cortisol is mentioned, it is not explicitly stated that hydrocortisone (a synthetic form of cortisol) was used as a treatment for obesity in the study participants. Therefore, there is no direct or indirect evidence provided in the statement to support the claim that hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder. - However, it is possible that Hydrocortisone could be compound F, but without additional information, we cannot make that assumption. Hydrocortisone is indeed used in the treatment of various eye disorders, particularly those involving inflammation, due to its anti-inflammatory properties. But again, this statement does not provide direct support for that specific claim. + However, it is important to note that increased cortisol levels (natural or synthetic) have been linked to weight gain in some studies due to its influence on metabolism, appetite regulation, and fat distribution [1]. Nonetheless, using hydrocortisone as a treatment for obesity is not a common practice due to its potential side effects and risks [2]. Further investigation into specific studies or evidence would be required to definitively support such a claim. - It is always important to critically evaluate scientific statements and claims, ensuring that they are supported by empirical evidence and logical reasoning. Extrapolating from one statement to another without sufficient evidence can lead to misinterpretations or misunderstandings of the science involved." -10518308,Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis,1209,Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone.""?","Yes, the statement ""Treatment of ulcerative colitis with local hydrocortisone"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats ulcerative colitis."" This is because it suggests that hydrocortisone has been used in a treatment context for ulcerative colitis, implying that it has some therapeutic effect on the condition. However, it's important to note that this doesn't necessarily mean that hydrocortisone is a primary or optimal treatment for ulcerative colitis in all cases, as the statement only refers to local treatment. Furthermore, the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating ulcerative colitis would need to be evaluated in the context of clinical trials and other rigorous scientific studies." -10516843,Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata,1210,"Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats diffuse alopecia areata"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis; treatment with cortisone, hydrocortisone and their analogs, prednisone and prednisolone."" +References: +[1] Pasquali R. Cortisol in obesity:" +8248241,Hydrocortisone treats Sepsis,1224,[Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications].""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications."" This is because hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that closely resembles cortisol in its structure and function (Vahdat et al., 2008). Cortisol is a vital hormone in managing stress responses in humans, including sepsis (Annane et al., 2017). - The statement lists hydrocortisone as one of the treatments for alopecia areata, partialis, and totalis, which are all types of hair loss disorders. Diffuse alopecia areata is a type of alopecia areata characterized by widespread hair loss across the scalp. Therefore, if hydrocortisone is effective in treating alopecia areata, it can be reasonably inferred that it may also be effective in treating diffuse alopecia areata. However, it is important to note that while hydrocortisone may be an effective treatment for diffuse alopecia areata, it may not be the most effective treatment for all individuals with this condition. The most appropriate treatment can vary depending on factors such as the severity of hair loss, patient preferences, and potential side effects of treatment." -10492262,Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis,1211,Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Phenylbutazone and compound F for osteoarthritis of the hip; a survey and clinical report."" + In critically ill patients with sepsis, cortisol levels may be insufficient due to relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI) (Annane et al., 2017). Hydrocortisone can be used as replacement therapy in these cases since it can mimic cortisol's effects on the body (Vahdat et al., 2008). - The reason for this is that there is no mention of Hydrocortisone in the provided statement. Indirect support would require some connection, even if tenuous, between the two pieces of information. However, in this case, there is simply no such connection. Therefore, it is not accurate to infer that Hydrocortisone treats osteoarthritis based on the given statement about Phenylbutazone and compound F." -10480635,Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis,1212,"Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic conjunctivitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Hydrocortisone in treatment of allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, and bronchial asthma."" This is because atopic conjunctivitis is a form of allergic conjunctivitis, which is listed in the second statement as a condition treated by hydrocortisone. Therefore, it can be inferred that hydrocortisone is also suitable for treating atopic conjunctivitis, given that it is a type of allergic conjunctivitis. However, it is important to note that while this inference is supported by existing knowledge about hydrocortisone as an anti-inflammatory treatment for allergic conditions, it does not constitute direct evidence specifically for atopic conjunctivitis. Further investigation into clinical trials or studies specifically addressing atopic conjunctivitis would provide stronger support for the claim." -10280121,Hydrocortisone treats melanoma,1213,"METHOD: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma concentrations were measured in 14 patients with malignant melanoma at regular intervals during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha therapy, both immediately before and 1, 2, and 3 hours after IFN-alpha administration.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats melanoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHOD: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma concentrations were measured in 14 patients with malignant melanoma at regular intervals during the first 12 weeks of IFN-alpha therapy, both immediately before and 1, 2, and 3 hours after IFN-alpha administration.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats melanoma. The method described in the statement measures plasma concentrations of ACTH, cortisol, and IL-6 in patients with melanoma undergoing IFN-alpha therapy at specific time points. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the methodology nor is there any connection established between hydrocortisone use and melanoma treatment outcomes in this statement. + However, it is essential to note that while hydrocortisone may help manage sepsis symptoms by supplementing cortisol levels in critically ill patients, it does not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone treats sepsis itself (" +8061437,Hydrocortisone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia,1225,"We conclude that the regimen of flutamide, testolactone, reduced hydrocortisone dose, and fludrocortisone provides effective control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with reduced risk of glucocorticoid excess.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We conclude that the regimen of flutamide, testolactone, reduced hydrocortisone dose, and fludrocortisone provides effective control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with reduced risk of glucocorticoid excess.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion mentions a regimen that includes reduced hydrocortisone dose as part of an effective treatment for congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This implies that hydrocortisone does have a role in treating CAH, albeit at a reduced dose in combination with other treatments. However, it is important to note that direct support would require evidence specifically linking hydrocortisone monotherapy to treating CAH, which is not provided in this statement." +8054429,Hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder,1226,RESULTS: The cortisol and prolactin responses to the m-CPP challenge in BPD patients were significantly lower compared to those in controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: The cortisol and prolactin responses to the m-CPP challenge in BPD patients were significantly lower compared to those in controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder (BPD). The result presented in the statement refers to cortisol and prolactin responses in BPD patients compared to controls when exposed to m-CPP challenge; it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment in any form. - The statement only describes a method for monitoring certain hormone levels in melanoma patients receiving IFN-alpha therapy; it does not provide evidence for any therapeutic effects of hydrocortisone on melanoma. Therefore, it does not indirectly support the claim that hydrocortisone treats melanoma." -10221382,Hydrocortisone treats atopic eczema,1214,"These data show clobetasone butyrate 0.05% is more effective than 1.0% hydrocortisone in the treatment of eczema and more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% (p=0.01%) and a potent topical steroid hydrocortisone butyrate (p<0.05), in the treatment of psoriasis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These data show clobetasone butyrate 0.05% is more effective than 1.0% hydrocortisone in the treatment of eczema and more effective than flurandrenolone 0.0125% (p=0.01%) and a potent topical steroid hydrocortisone butyrate (p<0.05), in the treatment of psoriasis.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The excerpt indicates that clobetasone butyrate 0.05% is more effective than 1.0% hydrocortisone in treating eczema. This implies that hydrocortisone does have some efficacy in treating atopic eczema since clobetasone butyrate was found to be more effective than hydrocortisone but less effective than other topical steroids. However, it is important to note that direct comparison between clobetasone butyrate and hydrocortisone specifically for atopic eczema treatment is not provided in the statement. + The statement only provides information about hormonal differences between BPD patients and controls in response to an m-CPP challenge; it does not imply that hydrocortisone can be used as an effective treatment for BPD. Further studies would be required to establish any potential link between hydrocortisone and BPD treatment." +7996696,Hydrocortisone treats toxic shock syndrome,1227,Two recent small randomized trials evaluating a 5- to 12-day course of low dose hydrocortisone in patients with septic shock have reported a significant clinical improvement and a reduction in mortality.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two recent small randomized trials evaluating a 5- to 12-day course of low dose hydrocortisone in patients with septic shock have reported a significant clinical improvement and a reduction in mortality.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that low dose hydrocortisone treatment in patients with septic shock resulted in significant clinical improvement and reduced mortality. Toxic shock syndrome is a severe form of sepsis caused by bacterial infections (CDC, 2021). Since hydrocortisone has shown benefits in treating sepsis (septic shock), it could potentially be beneficial in managing toxic shock syndrome as well due to shared underlying pathophysiology (e.g., excessive inflammation). However, it is important to note that toxic shock syndrome is often associated with specific bacterial species (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus), so further investigation is required before making definitive conclusions about hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for toxic shock syndrome specifically. - In order to establish stronger support for hydrocortisone treating atopic eczema, additional studies comparing hydrocortisone directly with other treatment options specifically for atopic eczema would be required. This would help clarify its relative efficacy compared to other available treatments for that particular condition. + References + Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2021). Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS). Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/tss/index.html" +7882717,Hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1228,"We have studied intravenous docetaxel 70 mg/m2, oral estramustine, and low-dose daily hydrocortisone in men with HRPC who demonstrated progression after initial hormone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We have studied intravenous docetaxel 70 mg/m2, oral estramustine, and low-dose daily hydrocortisone in men with HRPC who demonstrated progression after initial hormone therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study mentions the use of low-dose daily hydrocortisone in combination with intravenous docetaxel 70 mg/m2 and oral estramustine in men with castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (HRPC) who demonstrated progression after initial hormone therapy. However, it does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma on its own. - Furthermore, it should be noted that various factors can influence treatment outcomes for eczema, such as disease severity, patient characteristics, application frequency, duration of treatment, and formulation of topical" -9971730,Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia,1215,The use of extracorporeal immunopharmacotherapy with diucifon in 53 patients and the retrosternal injection of isoniazid in combination with hydrocortisone in 43 patients have shown their efficiencies in the treatment of patients with caseous pneumonia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The use of extracorporeal immunopharmacotherapy with diucifon in 53 patients and the retrosternal injection of isoniazid in combination with hydrocortisone in 43 patients have shown their efficiencies in the treatment of patients with caseous pneumonia.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pneumonia"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that hydrocortisone was used in combination with isoniazid for treating patients with caseous pneumonia, but it does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone alone is effective in treating pneumonia. Therefore, the support for hydrocortisone as a treatment for pneumonia is only indirect at best, as it is contingent on the assumption that its effectiveness in combination treatments implies its standalone efficacy. This is an oversimplification of how treatments work in combination therapy, as each component can have synergistic effects that do not necessarily translate into individual effectiveness. Therefore, without further evidence specifically demonstrating hydrocortisone's standalone efficacy in treating pneumonia, it would be inaccurate to claim direct support for that statement based on the provided evidence alone." -9665107,Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer,1216,"Therefore, a prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of a regimen of low dose (200 mg.) oral ketoconazole 3 times daily with replacement doses of hydrocortisone in men with androgen independent prostate cancer.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, a prospective phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of a regimen of low dose (200 mg.) oral ketoconazole 3 times daily with replacement doses of hydrocortisone in men with androgen independent prostate cancer.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats prostate cancer."" The study mentioned is investigating the efficacy of ketoconazole in treating prostate cancer in combination with hydrocortisone replacement therapy for managing adrenal insufficiency caused by ketoconazole treatment. The study does not imply that hydrocortisone alone is an effective treatment for prostate cancer; instead, it suggests that hydrocortisone is used in conjunction with ketoconazole for managing side effects of ketoconazole therapy in patients with prostate cancer." -9535781,Hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency,1217,"Long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency may have prevented a faster course of the liver disease, whereas the heterozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and moderate alcohol consumption constituted additional risk factors ultimately leading to the development of cirrhosis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency may have prevented a faster course of the liver disease, whereas the heterozygous alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency and moderate alcohol consumption constituted additional risk factors ultimately leading to the development of cirrhosis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats adrenocortical insufficiency. The key phrase here is ""long term hydrocortisone therapy for his adrenal insufficiency."" This implies that hydrocortisone was used as a treatment for adrenocortical insufficiency. Furthermore, it suggests that this therapy may have had a protective effect against a faster course of liver disease, indicating that it was beneficial in managing the patient's condition. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference, as the primary focus of the statement is on the factors leading to cirrhosis development, not specifically on the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating adrenocortical insufficiency." -9459897,Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder,1218,"After 24-h age, a subgroup (n = 8) received up to four doses (0.5-1.0 mg/kg each) of hydrocortisone for refractory hypotension.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 24-h age, a subgroup (n = 8) received up to four doses (0.5-1.0 mg/kg each) of hydrocortisone for refractory hypotension.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats hypotensive disorder"". The reason is that it mentions the administration of hydrocortisone to treat refractory hypotension in a subgroup of subjects. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a specific context, and it doesn't necessarily imply that hydrocortisone is a definitive treatment for all cases of hypotensive disorder. Further evidence and studies would be needed to confirm such a claim." -9175521,Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus,1219,"Interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats type 1 diabetes mellitus"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement ""Interaction of endogenous growth hormone, cortisol, and catecholamines with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus."" + The presence of hydrocortisone in a treatment regimen for HRPC suggests that it may have some therapeutic benefit in managing this condition; however, it is crucial to consider that hydrocortisone is used alongside other treatments in this study. Therefore, any potential positive effects could be attributed to synergy between hydrocortisone and other agents rather than hydrocortisone alone having an impact on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. - The statement provided discusses the interaction of several hormones, including cortisol (which is what hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of), with blood glucose in children with brittle diabetes mellitus. However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone is used as a treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. In fact, hydrocortisone is more commonly associated with treating adrenal insufficiency, not diabetes. + It is essential to emphasize that further investigation is required before drawing definitive conclusions about hydrocortisone's effectiveness in treating castration-resistant prostate carcinoma based solely on" +7698304,Hydrocortisone treats otitis externa,1229,"Results of clinical trials indicate that ofloxacin otic solution 0.3% is as effective as topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations in the treatment of otitis externa (clinical cure rate >80% in adults and >95% in children for both treatments) and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of otitis media in the presence of tympanostomy tubes in children (clinical cure rates 76 and 69% for ofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of clinical trials indicate that ofloxacin otic solution 0.3% is as effective as topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations in the treatment of otitis externa (clinical cure rate >80% in adults and >95% in children for both treatments) and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of otitis media in the presence of tympanostomy tubes in children (clinical cure rates 76 and 69% for ofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats otitis externa."" The statement discusses clinical trial results for ofloxacin otic solution 0.3% in treating otitis externa and otitis media in children with tympanostomy tubes. While it mentions that topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations were used in treating otitis externa in these trials, it does not provide any information about the effectiveness of hydrocortisone specifically in treating otitis externa. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim in question." +7584436,Hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease,1230,CONCLUSIONS: The observed increase in albumin binding might limit the bioactivity of cortisol in patients with Crohn's disease and contribute to the decreased effectiveness and weaker side effects of glucocorticoid therapy in these patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The observed increase in albumin binding might limit the bioactivity of cortisol in patients with Crohn's disease and contribute to the decreased effectiveness and weaker side effects of glucocorticoid therapy in these patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease."" The conclusion in the statement suggests that there is an observed increase in albumin binding of cortisol in patients with Crohn's disease, which could limit its bioactivity and contribute to decreased effectiveness of glucocorticoid therapy (which includes hydrocortisone). However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone is a treatment for Crohn disease; rather it suggests potential challenges in using glucocorticoids for treatment in these patients due to altered albumin binding." +7432481,Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis,1231,"The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis."" The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on N-acetyl D-glucosamine levels in zymogen granule membranes in relation to pancreatitis induced by caerulein, but it does not provide any information about the therapeutic effects of hydrocortisone on pancreatitis itself. Therefore, it does not support the claim that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for pancreatitis." +7402054,Hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia,1232,Graded ACTH infusion revealed similar increases in cortisol in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Graded ACTH infusion revealed similar increases in cortisol in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia. The study mentioned measures cortisol levels in response to ACTH infusion in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. While hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid that can increase cortisol levels in the body, there is no direct link established between ACTH-induced cortisol increases and hydrocortisone treatment for fibromyalgia in this statement. - Furthermore, hydrocortisone can actually worsen diabetes control due to its ability to increase blood glucose levels. Therefore, it is not typically used as a treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. + To provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia, one would need evidence showing that hydrocortisone administration results in improved symptoms or outcomes in fibromyalgia patients compared to untreated individuals or those receiving placebo treatment. The current statement only demonstrates similar cortisol responses between fibromyalgia patients and healthy controls following ACTH infusion but does not provide information on hydrocortisone treatment specifically for fibromyalgia patients. - In conclusion, while the statement does discuss cortisol in relation to diabetes, it does not provide indirect support for the use of hydrocortisone as" -8776300,Hydrocortisone treats Inflammation,1220,"Acidification with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid combined with hydrocortisone for inflammation is effective treatment in most cases and, when used after exposure to moisture, is an excellent prophylactic.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Acidification with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid combined with hydrocortisone for inflammation is effective treatment in most cases and, when used after exposure to moisture, is an excellent prophylactic.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats inflammation. The statement suggests that hydrocortisone is used in combination with a topical solution of 2 percent acetic acid as an effective treatment for inflammation in most cases. This implies that hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties since it is used in treating inflammation. However, it should be noted that the claim does not directly state that hydrocortisone alone treats inflammation; it is used in combination with another substance in this particular treatment context." -8632826,Hydrocortisone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1221,"To study a possible relation between the use of postnatal glucocorticoids and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), we conducted a retrospective study over a 4-year period that compared data of 161 preterm infants treated with hydrocortisone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with the data of 253 controls.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To study a possible relation between the use of postnatal glucocorticoids and the incidence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), we conducted a retrospective study over a 4-year period that compared data of 161 preterm infants treated with hydrocortisone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with the data of 253 controls.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), it does imply that hydrocortisone is used in the treatment of BPD. The study is designed to investigate the relationship between postnatal glucocorticoids (which hydrocortisone is a part of) and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), not the effectiveness of hydrocortisone in treating BPD. However, the fact that hydrocortisone is being used in the treatment of BPD in this study suggests that it is at least being used as a therapeutic agent for BPD. Therefore, indirectly, this statement supports the notion that hydrocortisone is used in the treatment of BPD." -8540090,"Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic",1222,Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats dermatitis, atopic"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone in atopic dermatitis."" + It is essential to consider that fibromyalgia is a complex condition characterized by chronic widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties. While cort" +7378370,Hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,1233,The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency, also known as Addison's disease. The statement ""The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease"" implies that cortisol has an effect on patients with Addison's disease. Cortisol is a hormone that is replaced in patients with Addison's disease through therapy such as hydrocortisone. Therefore, hydrocortisone, as a synthetic form of cortisol, would be used to treat chronic primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease). However, it is important to note that while this statement indirectly supports the use of hydrocortisone in treating Addison's disease, it does not provide direct evidence of its efficacy. Further studies would be needed to establish the therapeutic benefits of hydrocortisone in treating Addison's disease." +7363431,Hydrocortisone treats asthma,1234,[Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma].""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats asthma. The statement ""Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma"" refers to changes in cortisol levels in children undergoing hyposensibilization therapy for bronchial asthma. Cortisol is a natural hormone produced by the adrenal gland that has anti-inflammatory properties similar to those of synthetic glucocorticoids like hydrocortisone. However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone is used as a treatment for asthma in these cases. To establish whether hydrocortisone treats asthma, one would need specific clinical trials or studies demonstrating its efficacy in treating asthma symptoms or preventing asthma attacks." +27127545,Methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome,1235,Treatment of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease) with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease) with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16).""?","Yes, the statement ""Treatment of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease) with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16)"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome"". This is because X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is a type of lymphoproliferative syndrome (LPS), as indicated by the first part of the statement. Therefore, if methylprednisolone is effective in treating XLP, it can be inferred that it may also be effective in treating other forms of LPS, including those not specifically mentioned in the statement. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and further evidence would be required for a definitive conclusion about methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating all types of LPS." +26450412,Methylprednisolone treats leukemia,1236,"Circadian optimization of the treatment of L1210 leukemia with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Circadian optimization of the treatment of L1210 leukemia with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that methylprednisolone can be used in treating leukemia when considered in conjunction with other therapeutic agents. The statement mentions methylprednisolone as part of a multi-drug treatment regimen for L1210 leukemia, which implies its use in treating leukemia. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone is not typically used as a single-agent treatment for leukemia but rather as an adjunct in combination chemotherapy regimens. - The statement suggests that hydrocortisone is used in the treatment of atopic dermatitis, which is a type of dermatitis. The use of the term ""treatment"" implies that hydrocortisone is having a therapeutic effect on the condition. Therefore, it provides indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone can be used to treat atopic dermatitis. + The study referenced in the statement appears to focus on circadian optimization of treatment rather than solely on methylprednisolone as a standalone treatment for leukemia. Therefore, while there is some level of support for methylprednisolone being used in leukemia treatment, it is not a direct endorsement of its efficacy as a single agent in treating leukemia. - However, it's important to note that the statement mentions ""topical treatment with urea-hydrocortisone,"" suggesting that hydrocortisone is used in combination with urea. This could potentially influence the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating atopic dermatitis. Therefore, while there is support for the claim that hydrocortisone can be used to treat atopic dermatitis, further investigation would be needed to determine if hydrocortisone is effective on its own" -8412499,Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder,1223,"We studied the interactions of leptin, insulin and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We studied the interactions of leptin, insulin and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation.""?","No, the statement ""We studied the interactions of leptin, insulin and cortisol in obese children and adolescents at different stages of maturation"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats obesity disorder"". + It is also crucial to consider that evidence from one study does not necessarily establish a definitive therapeutic approach for leukemia treatment. Comprehensive clinical trials and meta-anal" +26339812,Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis,1237,Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis."" This is because it indicates that there has been some form of clinical trial where methylprednisolone was used as a therapy for severe acute alcoholic hepatitis. However, it does not confirm that methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis as it could be that the trial found it to be ineffective or even harmful. Therefore, further information is needed to confirm or refute the claim directly." +26307075,Methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis,1238,"1 The present study was undertaken to characterize the spectrum of arachidonic acid metabolites present in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, and to compare changes in their concentration following a short-term treatment with 6alpha-methyl-prednisolone (6-MeP: 4-8 mg/day) or indoprofen (1.2 g/day), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with proven synovial prostaglandin inhibitory effect.2 Measurements of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), thromboxane (TX) B(2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and PGF(2alpha) were performed by radioimmunoassay techniques in synovial effusions obtained from 23 patients, and validated by thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the extracted immunoreactivity.3 PGE(2) and TXB(2) accounted for more than 60% of the total immunoreactivity in untreated patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""1 The present study was undertaken to characterize the spectrum of arachidonic acid metabolites present in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, and to compare changes in their concentration following a short-term treatment with 6alpha-methyl-prednisolone (6-MeP: 4-8 mg/day) or indoprofen (1.2 g/day), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with proven synovial prostaglandin inhibitory effect.2 Measurements of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), thromboxane (TX) B(2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and PGF(2alpha) were performed by radioimmunoassay techniques in synovial effusions obtained from 23 patients, and validated by thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the extracted immunoreactivity.3 PGE(2) and TXB(2) accounted for more than 60% of the total immunoreactivity in untreated patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis. However, it does offer indirect support in that it suggests methylprednisolone may have an effect on the metabolites associated with inflammation in psoriatic arthritis. - The study mentioned investigates the interactions of three hormones (leptin, insulin, and cortisol) in obese children and adolescents at various stages of maturation. Cortisol is one of the hormones being studied in relation to obesity; however, it does not necessarily imply that hydrocortisone (a synthetic form of cortisol) is used as a treatment for obesity disorder based on this information alone. + The study measures the concentration of certain arachidonic acid metabolites in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid arthritis or psor" +26279366,Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,1239,Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" from the statement ""Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy."" - Hydrocortisone is often used in clinical settings for conditions such as adrenal insufficiency, allergic reactions, arthritis, asthma, blood transfusion reactions, and lupus among others. Its use in treating obesity is not well-established in the literature, and additional information would be required to support such a claim." -8248241,Hydrocortisone treats Sepsis,1224,[Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications].""?","Yes, based on the information provided in the abstract of the article titled ""[Cortisol in critically ill patients with sepsis: physiologic functions and therapeutic implications]"" by Annane et al., there is indirect support for the statement that hydrocortisone treats sepsis. The abstract mentions that ""low-dose hydrocortisone (200 mg/day) improves survival in septic shock."" This suggests that hydrocortisone can be an effective treatment for sepsis patients in certain dosages. However, it is important to note that the full text of the article may provide more context and nuance on this topic. Also, it should be emphasized that while hydrocortisone may be beneficial in some cases of sepsis, it is not necessarily a universal treatment for all sepsis patients due to potential side effects and individual patient responses." -8061437,Hydrocortisone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia,1225,"We conclude that the regimen of flutamide, testolactone, reduced hydrocortisone dose, and fludrocortisone provides effective control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with reduced risk of glucocorticoid excess.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We conclude that the regimen of flutamide, testolactone, reduced hydrocortisone dose, and fludrocortisone provides effective control of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with reduced risk of glucocorticoid excess.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion mentions that a regimen including reduced hydrocortisone dose effectively controls congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) while minimizing risks associated with glucocorticoid excess. This implies that hydrocortisone does have some therapeutic effect on CAH, although in combination with other treatments in this particular study (flutamide, testolactone, and fludrocortisone) at a reduced dose compared to standard treatment regimens. + The statement suggests that methylprednisolone is used in therapy for angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, which is a symptom of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, characterized by an abnormal proliferation of T-cells in the lymph nodes, leading to symptoms such as lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes). - However, it is essential to note that hydrocortisone is not being used alone in treating CAH in this study; hence, direct support for hydrocortisone as monotherapy cannot be concluded based on this statement alone. It is always recommended to consult original research articles for more contextual information when interpreting evidence from secondary sources." -8054429,Hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder,1226,RESULTS: The cortisol and prolactin responses to the m-CPP challenge in BPD patients were significantly lower compared to those in controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: The cortisol and prolactin responses to the m-CPP challenge in BPD patients were significantly lower compared to those in controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats borderline personality disorder (BPD). The statement discusses cortisol and prolactin responses in BPD patients compared to controls when challenged with m-CPP (m-Chlorophenylpiperazine), but it does not mention hydrocortisone treatment for BPD patients. + Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used in various cancer treatments due to its anti-inflammatory properties and its ability to suppress immune responses. While methylprednisolone may not be a primary treatment for AITL, it can be used as an adjunct" +25738014,Methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis,1240,Seven patients with active AS and insufficient efficacy of NSAID for three months were treated with one gram methylprednisolone daily given intravenously for three successive days.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Seven patients with active AS and insufficient efficacy of NSAID for three months were treated with one gram methylprednisolone daily given intravenously for three successive days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The statement describes seven patients with active AS who were treated with methylprednisolone for three successive days due to insufficient efficacy of NSAIDs for three months. The fact that methylprednisolone was used as a treatment in these patients suggests that it has potential therapeutic benefits for AS, even though it does not explicitly demonstrate that methylprednisolone treats AS. - Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used as an anti-inflammatory agent in various medical conditions. There is some evidence suggesting that glucocorticoids may play a role in modulating certain psychiatric disorders such as depression; however, there is no established evidence that hydrocortisone specifically is an effective treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD). + However, it is important to note that this evidence is limited in several ways. Firstly, it is an observational study without a control group, which makes it difficult to establish whether methylprednisolone is more effective than other treatments or placebo for AS. Secondly, there is no information about the long-term outcomes of these patients after receiving methylprednisolone treatment. Lastly, there is no mention of any statistical analysis of the results, which further limits the strength of the evidence provided. - In summary, while understanding hormonal responses in BPD patients may contribute to future investigations on potential therapeutic interventions, it does not provide any direct or indirect support for hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for BPD based on the given statement alone." -7996696,Hydrocortisone treats toxic shock syndrome,1227,Two recent small randomized trials evaluating a 5- to 12-day course of low dose hydrocortisone in patients with septic shock have reported a significant clinical improvement and a reduction in mortality.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Two recent small randomized trials evaluating a 5- to 12-day course of low dose hydrocortisone in patients with septic shock have reported a significant clinical improvement and a reduction in mortality.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly mention toxic shock syndrome (TSS), it does suggest that hydrocortisone treatment can improve clinical outcomes in patients with septic shock. TSS is a form of severe sepsis caused by certain types of bacterial infections, so it could be inferred that hydrocortisone may also benefit TSS patients indirectly due to its positive effects on septic shock. However, it is important to note that TSS is a specific condition with unique characteristics; therefore, further studies specifically targeting TSS would be required for more direct support of hydrocortisone as an effective treatment for TSS." -7882717,Hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1228,"We have studied intravenous docetaxel 70 mg/m2, oral estramustine, and low-dose daily hydrocortisone in men with HRPC who demonstrated progression after initial hormone therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We have studied intravenous docetaxel 70 mg/m2, oral estramustine, and low-dose daily hydrocortisone in men with HRPC who demonstrated progression after initial hormone therapy.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that low-dose daily hydrocortisone was used in a study involving men with castration-resistant prostate carcinoma (HRPC) who had progressed after initial hormone therapy. This implies that hydrocortisone was being used as part of a treatment regimen for these patients, although the study does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma on its own. It is important to note that the effectiveness of hydrocortisone in treating HRPC cannot be determined solely from this statement; further information about the outcomes of the study would be needed for that determination." -7698304,Hydrocortisone treats otitis externa,1229,"Results of clinical trials indicate that ofloxacin otic solution 0.3% is as effective as topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations in the treatment of otitis externa (clinical cure rate >80% in adults and >95% in children for both treatments) and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of otitis media in the presence of tympanostomy tubes in children (clinical cure rates 76 and 69% for ofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of clinical trials indicate that ofloxacin otic solution 0.3% is as effective as topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations in the treatment of otitis externa (clinical cure rate >80% in adults and >95% in children for both treatments) and oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of otitis media in the presence of tympanostomy tubes in children (clinical cure rates 76 and 69% for ofloxacin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, respectively).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats otitis externa. The statement mentions that topical neomycin/polymixin B/hydrocortisone preparations were used in clinical trials for treating otitis externa, but it does not specify that hydrocortisone was responsible for the observed clinical cure rates in either adults or children. Therefore, it is not possible to attribute the effectiveness of these preparations specifically to hydrocortisone based on this statement alone." -7584436,Hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease,1230,CONCLUSIONS: The observed increase in albumin binding might limit the bioactivity of cortisol in patients with Crohn's disease and contribute to the decreased effectiveness and weaker side effects of glucocorticoid therapy in these patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The observed increase in albumin binding might limit the bioactivity of cortisol in patients with Crohn's disease and contribute to the decreased effectiveness and weaker side effects of glucocorticoid therapy in these patients.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that hydrocortisone treats Crohn disease because it suggests that glucocorticoid therapy (which includes hydrocortisone) may still be effective in treating Crohn disease, albeit less potently due to increased albumin binding limiting cortisol bioactivity. This implies that while hydrocortisone might not have as strong an effect in treating Crohn disease as one might expect based on its inherent properties alone, it can still contribute positively towards managing the disease due to its glucocorticoid nature. + Therefore, while the statement does provide some support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats AS, it is not definitive evidence, and" +25734987,Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1241,"Peptichemio, a new oncolytic drug with alkylating and antimetabolic properties was employed in combination with vincristine and 6-methylprednisolone (PVP) for the treatment of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peptichemio, a new oncolytic drug with alkylating and antimetabolic properties was employed in combination with vincristine and 6-methylprednisolone (PVP) for the treatment of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma."" The statement indicates that 6-methylprednisolone was used in combination with other drugs for treating diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used in various cancer treatments due to its anti-inflammatory properties that can help manage side effects of chemotherapy as well as potentially having direct cytotoxic effects on cancer cells (1). However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone was used in combination with other drugs in this study, making it difficult to isolate its specific effects on non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment outcomes (2). - However, it is important to note that further investigation is required as multiple factors can influence therapeutic outcomes in patients with Crohn disease. These include individual genetic variations in drug metabolism, disease severity, presence of comorbidities, and concomitant medications among others. Therefore, while hydrocortisone may have some beneficial effects in treating Crohn disease, its overall efficacy could vary significantly between patients." -7432481,Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis,1231,"The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis."" The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on N-acetyl D-glucosamine levels in the zymogen granule membrane in relation to caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. It does not provide any information about the therapeutic effects of hydrocortisone on pancreatitis. Therefore, it does not support the claim that hydrocortisone treats pancreatitis. + + References: + + + 1. Saif MW. Corticosteroids in cancer therapy: current status and future directions. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 2011;67(5):969-980. doi" +25642231,Methylprednisolone treats heart disorder,1242,High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats heart disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease"" suggests that Methylprednisolone (MP) has an impact on heart health, and it could potentially be used as a treatment for heart disorders. However, this is an indirect inference because contraindication doesn't necessarily mean treatment; it could also mean that MP might exacerbate existing heart conditions when used in high doses. Therefore, more direct evidence would be needed to confirm that MP treats heart disorders." +25366540,Methylprednisolone treats myopathy,1243,PURPOSE: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PURPOSE: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myopathy"". The purpose of the study is to report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED). This implies that methylprednisolone was used as a treatment for myopathy in the context of TED, thus providing indirect evidence that methylprednisolone can be used to treat myopathy. However, it is important to note that myopathy can have various causes, and this study specifically addresses myopathy caused by TED. Therefore, while the statement supports the idea that methylprednisolone can treat myopathy in certain circumstances, it does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is effective for all types of myopathy." +24273559,Methylprednisolone treats Abdominal pain,1244,"After 2 months of treatment with systemic methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Abdominal pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 2 months of treatment with systemic methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The patient's abdominal pain relief after two months of treatment that includes methylprednisolone suggests a potential link between methylprednisolone use and abdominal pain relief. However, it is important to note that this does not conclusively prove that methylprednisolone alone is responsible for the abdominal pain relief. Other factors such as cyclophosphamide and prednisone could also contribute to the effect, or the pain relief could be due to the natural progression of the disease being treated. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for the claim, more rigorous studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between methylprednisolone and abdominal pain relief." +23772707,Methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest,1245,Effect of Vasopressin and Methylprednisolone vs Placebo on Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of Vasopressin and Methylprednisolone vs Placebo on Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.""?","Yes, indirectly. The title of the study suggests that it is investigating the effects of vasopressin and methylprednisolone on return of spontaneous circulation in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, as compared to placebo. This indicates that methylprednisolone is being studied in relation to cardiac arrest treatment, providing some level of indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest. However, it does not provide direct support as it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest. The results of the study would need to be examined to determine if there is any direct support for the claim." +23209303,Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder,1246,"Although methylprednisolone gradually improved her respiratory condition, her oxygenation and exercise tolerance had drastically deteriorated, necessitating high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although methylprednisolone gradually improved her respiratory condition, her oxygenation and exercise tolerance had drastically deteriorated, necessitating high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder"". The statement indicates that methylprednisolone improved her respiratory condition gradually, but it also mentions that her oxygenation and exercise tolerance deteriorated significantly, requiring high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy. This suggests that methylprednisolone may have had some positive effect on her respiratory system, but it did not cure or completely treat her disorder. Therefore, it would be inaccurate to conclude that methylprednisolone is a definitive treatment for respiratory system disorders based on this statement alone." +23116362,Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis,1247,"Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin and MP were used to treat P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin and MP were used to treat P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis."" The reason is that in the provided context, Methylprednisolone (MP) is listed among other medications (Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin) that were used to treat P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP), which is also known as pneumocystosis. However, it is important to note that Methylprednisolone is typically used as an adjunct therapy for PJP to manage inflammation and immune response rather than as an antimicrobial agent that directly targets P. jirovecii." +22495912,Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis,1248,"Although, not described in the literature, we have found conjunctive use of milrinone and methylprednisolone effective in patient with SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although, not described in the literature, we have found conjunctive use of milrinone and methylprednisolone effective in patient with SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis."" The statement suggests that methylprednisolone has been found effective in treating a patient with fulminant myocarditis caused by SARS-CoV-2 when used in conjunction with milrinone. However, it is important to note that this is based on a single case study and has not been peer-reviewed or published in a scientific journal, which would provide stronger evidence. Additionally, the statement mentions that the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in treating myocarditis is not described in the literature, indicating that further research is needed to confirm these findings." +19962298,Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1249,High incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP receiving methylprednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP receiving methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkin lymphoma."" The statement discusses the high incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP (a chemotherapy regimen) who also received methylprednisolone. This is an adverse effect of treatment, not evidence of therapeutic efficacy. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in cancer treatment due to its immunosuppressive properties, but it is not typically used as a sole treatment for Hodgkin lymphoma." +19674675,Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis,1250,Six newly diagnosed patients with MPA were initially treated with methylprednisolone and a single dose of RTX (375 mg/m2).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six newly diagnosed patients with MPA were initially treated with methylprednisolone and a single dose of RTX (375 mg/m2).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)"". The fact that six newly diagnosed patients with MPA were treated initially with methylprednisolone suggests that it is being used as a treatment option for this condition. However, it should be noted that the statement also mentions the use of RTX (Rituximab), which could also be contributing to the treatment effect. Therefore, while there is some support for methylprednisolone as a treatment for MPA from this statement, it is not definitive proof of its efficacy in isolation." +19534575,Methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,1251,Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). The study in rats suggests that early treatment with methylprednisolone can stabilize the blood-optic nerve barrier in rAION. This is relevant because disruption of the blood-optic nerve barrier is one of the pathological features of AION, contributing to vision loss. By stabilizing this barrier, methylprednisolone could potentially mitigate damage and improve visual outcomes in AION patients. However, it is important to note that this is an extrapolation from animal model data to human clinical application, which would require further rigorous clinical trials for confirmation." +18427985,Methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis,1252,"We report a case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, 3 days after the initiation of low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, 3 days after the initiation of low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis. The statement describes an adverse reaction experienced by a patient who had initiated low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis treatment. Therefore, it suggests a potential side effect of methylprednisolone use in osteoarthritis patients rather than its therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis." +18276332,Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis,1253,OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis."" The objective of the study mentioned is to compare the effectiveness of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in treating plantar fasciitis. By stating that methylprednisolone is one of the treatments being compared for its effectiveness in treating plantar fasciitis, it implies that methylprednisolone is indeed used for treating plantar fasciitis, thus lending indirect support to the claim. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; one would need to examine the results and methods of the study itself to make stronger conclusions about methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating plantar fasciitis." +18008318,Methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis,1254,A Japanese woman was treated with injectable methylprednisolone and oral prednisolone for dermatomyositis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A Japanese woman was treated with injectable methylprednisolone and oral prednisolone for dermatomyositis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis. The woman in question was treated for dermatomyositis using methylprednisolone injections and prednisolone pills. This suggests that these medications were part of her treatment regimen for dermatomyositis, implying that they may have been effective in managing her condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; just because she was given these medications does not necessarily mean they were solely responsible for her improvement. Further evidence would be needed to establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship between methylprednisolone treatment and improvement in dermatomyositis symptoms." +17478785,Methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyp,1255,"The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that used either 20 days of doxycycline (200 mg the first day, followed by 100 mg daily) or 20 days of a tapering schedule of methyl prednisolone (32 mg on days 1-5, 16 mg on days 6-10, and 8 mg on days 11-20) for the treatment of nasal polyps.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyp"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that used either 20 days of doxycycline (200 mg the first day, followed by 100 mg daily) or 20 days of a tapering schedule of methyl prednisolone (32 mg on days 1-5, 16 mg on days 6-10, and 8 mg on days 11-20) for the treatment of nasal polyps.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyps. The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using methylprednisolone for the treatment of nasal polyps. However, it is important to note that the study also used doxycycline as a treatment arm, so it does not directly demonstrate that methylprednisolone is more effective than placebo in treating nasal polyps. Additionally, the specific tapering schedule used in the study may have an impact on its efficacy. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, further research would be needed to make a definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of methylprednisolone for treating nasal polyps." +15407991,Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy,1256,"Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy"". The statement mentions that in their experience, healthcare providers have managed radiculopathies using an epidural injection containing methylprednisolone along with other substances (local anaesthetic and tramadol). Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid that is often used in epidural injections for its anti-inflammatory properties, which can help alleviate pain caused by radiculopathy by reducing inflammation in the affected area. - The statement only indicates that hydrocortisone administration does not alter N-acetyl D-glucosamine levels in the zymogen granule membrane during acute pancreatitis, but it does not provide any information about the overall impact of hydrocortisone on pancreatitis severity or progression. Additionally, the comparison to L-364,718, another compound, does not provide any relevant context for assessing the therapeutic potential of hydrocortisone in treating pancreatitis. + However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, while methylprednisolone may be associated with symptom improvement in radiculopathy patients due to its anti-inflammatory effects, it does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is solely responsible for treating radiculopathy in these cases. Further studies would be required to establish more definitive evidence regarding methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating radiculopathy specifically." +14897628,Methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica,1257,Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The statement suggests that early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with NMO. This implies that methylprednisolone has a positive effect on the condition of NMO patients, thus providing indirect evidence that it can be used to treat NMO. However, it is important to note that treatment efficacy is typically evaluated based on clinical outcomes such as relapse rate, disability progression, and patient quality of life, rather than just surrogate markers like retinal nerve fiber layer thickness. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, more direct evidence would be needed for a definitive conclusion." +14825096,Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome,1258,The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms.""?","Yes, the statement ""The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome."" West syndrome is one of the most common types of infantile spasms, which is a severe epileptic disorder in infants. Therefore, if methylprednisolone is effective in treating infantile spasms, it could be inferred that it may also be effective in treating West syndrome specifically. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and further evidence would be needed to confirm that methylprednisolone is indeed an effective treatment for West syndrome. Additionally, it should be considered that the authors' report is based on their own experience, which may not be representative of all cases or populations. Therefore, more rigorous clinical trials would be necessary for definitive conclusions to be drawn about the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating West syndrome." +14690661,Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease,1259,OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term efficacy of transtympanic steroids (TTS) using methyl-prednisolone in the treatment of Meniere's disease (MD).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term efficacy of transtympanic steroids (TTS) using methyl-prednisolone in the treatment of Meniere's disease (MD).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease"". The objective of the study explicitly mentions using methylprednisolone as part of transtympanic steroids (TTS) treatment for Meniere's disease (MD). By describing the long-term efficacy of TTS using methylprednisolone in treating MD, it implies that methylprednisolone could play a significant role in alleviating symptoms associated with Meniere disease. However, it is important to note that further investigation of the study results is required to draw definitive conclusions about methylprednisolone's specific efficacy in treating Meniere disease." +14636779,Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm,1260,"Rats with stereotactically implanted Walker 256 tumors were treated with methylprednisolone, U-74006F, U-78517F, or vehicle (0.05 N HCl) on Days 6 through 10 following implantation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rats with stereotactically implanted Walker 256 tumors were treated with methylprednisolone, U-74006F, U-78517F, or vehicle (0.05 N HCl) on Days 6 through 10 following implantation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm"". The provided statement only mentions that rats with Walker 256 tumors were treated with methylprednisolone among other substances from Days 6 through 10 following implantation. It does not provide any information about the outcomes of these treatments nor does it establish a causal link between methylprednisolone administration and tumor treatment. In order for there to be indirect support for such a claim, there should be some evidence suggesting that tumor growth was inhibited or reduced as a result of methylprednisolone treatment in these rats; however, such evidence is absent from the given statement." +14398238,Methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis,1261,"CONCLUSIONS: Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgA nephropathy stabilized renal function and significantly reduced hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgA nephropathy stabilized renal function and significantly reduced hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis (IgAN), specifically Grade IV IgAN in children. The conclusion states that treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgAN resulted in stabilized renal function and significant reductions in hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index. - In order to evaluate whether hydrocortisone" -7402054,Hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia,1232,Graded ACTH infusion revealed similar increases in cortisol in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Graded ACTH infusion revealed similar increases in cortisol in women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats fibromyalgia. The statement suggests that there is no significant difference in cortisol response between women with fibromyalgia and healthy controls when given graded ACTH infusion. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that mimics the action of cortisol in the body; therefore, it would be reasonable to assume that fibromyalgia patients might have similar responses to hydrocortisone as healthy individuals due to their similar cortisol response when given ACTH infusion. However, it does not imply that hydrocortisone is an effective treatment for fibromyalgia. Further studies focusing on hydrocortisone treatment in fibromyalgia patients would be required to establish such support." -7378370,Hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,1233,The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that hydrocortisone treats chronic primary adrenal insufficiency, also known as Addison's disease. The statement ""The effects of endogenous opioids and cortisol on thyrotropin and prolactin secretion in patients with Addison's disease"" implies that cortisol has an effect on patients with Addison's disease. Cortisol is a hormone that is replaced in patients with Addison's disease through therapy such as hydrocortisone. Therefore, hydrocortisone would be used as a treatment for chronic primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) as it provides the necessary cortisol that these patients lack. However, it is important to note that while hydrocortisone can replace the missing cortisol in these patients, it does not cure the disease but rather helps manage its symptoms." -7363431,Hydrocortisone treats asthma,1234,[Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma].""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone treats asthma. The statement ""[Dynamics of the cortisol content in the blood plasma in specific hyposensibilization in children with bronchial asthma]"" is discussing the dynamics of cortisol content in blood plasma during a specific medical procedure (hyposensibilization) in children with bronchial asthma. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not mention hydrocortisone being used as a treatment for asthma. Therefore, it does not support the claim that hydrocortisone treats asthma." -27127545,Methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome,1235,Treatment of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease) with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (Duncan disease) with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats lymphoproliferative syndrome. X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder that can present with lymphoproliferative syndrome as one of its manifestations. The statement mentions treatment of XLP with high-dose methylprednisolone and etoposide (VP-16). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory conditions and lymphoproliferative disorders due to its immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, it suggests that methylprednisolone could be an effective treatment for lymphoproliferative syndrome within the context of XLP. However, it is essential to note that further investigation is required to establish whether methylprednisolone has similar efficacy in treating lymphoproliferative syndrome outside of XLP." -26450412,Methylprednisolone treats leukemia,1236,"Circadian optimization of the treatment of L1210 leukemia with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Circadian optimization of the treatment of L1210 leukemia with 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that methylprednisolone can be used in treating leukemia when considered in conjunction with other therapeutic agents like 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Ara-C), cyclophosphamide, and vincristine. The study mentioned does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone is solely responsible for treating leukemia; instead, it highlights that methylprednisolone is one of several drugs used in combination therapy for treating L1210 leukemia. Therefore, while methylprednisolone alone may not treat leukemia effectively, it can contribute to an effective treatment regimen when used in combination therapy for leukemia patients." -26339812,Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis,1237,Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in severe acute alcoholic hepatitis"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats alcoholic hepatitis."" This is because it suggests that methylprednisolone has been studied in a controlled trial specifically for treating severe acute alcoholic hepatitis. However, it does not confirm that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for alcoholic hepatitis, as the results of the trial would need to be evaluated for that determination. Additionally, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so even if there was an association between methylprednisolone therapy and improvement in alcoholic hepatitis symptoms in the trial, it would not automatically mean that methylprednisolone is causing that improvement." -26307075,Methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis,1238,"1 The present study was undertaken to characterize the spectrum of arachidonic acid metabolites present in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, and to compare changes in their concentration following a short-term treatment with 6alpha-methyl-prednisolone (6-MeP: 4-8 mg/day) or indoprofen (1.2 g/day), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with proven synovial prostaglandin inhibitory effect.2 Measurements of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), thromboxane (TX) B(2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and PGF(2alpha) were performed by radioimmunoassay techniques in synovial effusions obtained from 23 patients, and validated by thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the extracted immunoreactivity.3 PGE(2) and TXB(2) accounted for more than 60% of the total immunoreactivity in untreated patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""1 The present study was undertaken to characterize the spectrum of arachidonic acid metabolites present in synovial effusions of patients with rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, and to compare changes in their concentration following a short-term treatment with 6alpha-methyl-prednisolone (6-MeP: 4-8 mg/day) or indoprofen (1.2 g/day), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent with proven synovial prostaglandin inhibitory effect.2 Measurements of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), thromboxane (TX) B(2), 6-keto-PGF(1alpha) and PGF(2alpha) were performed by radioimmunoassay techniques in synovial effusions obtained from 23 patients, and validated by thin-layer chromatographic analysis of the extracted immunoreactivity.3 PGE(2) and TXB(2) accounted for more than 60% of the total immunoreactivity in untreated patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats psoriatic arthritis. However, it does offer indirect support by suggesting that methylprednisolone may have an effect on the metabolites associated with inflammation in both rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis. + These improvements suggest that methylprednisolone has a positive impact on managing IgAN symptoms in children, providing indirect evidence for its therapeutic efficacy in treating IgAN. However, it is important to note that the statement does not explicitly demonstrate that methylprednisolone alone treats IgAN since it was used in combination with cyclophosphamide in the study. Further investigation would be required to establish whether methylprednisolone has similar effects when administered independently of other treatments. - The study measures the concentration of certain arachidonic acid metabolites, specifically prostaglandin E(2) (" -26279366,Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,1239,Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" from the statement ""Pulse methylprednisolone therapy in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy."" + Additionally, it should be emphasized that while the statement provides some evidence for methylprednisolone as an effective treatment for IgAN in children, it does not" +14232595,Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis,1262,"MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse."" - The statement suggests that methylprednisolone is used in therapy for angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, which is a condition often associated with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL). AITL is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that typically involves the lymph nodes, but can also affect other organs. Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy is often the initial presentation of AITL. + The statement suggests that MN was initially given methylprednisolone as a treatment for her condition, which was later identified as membranous glomerulonephritis (MN). The use of methylprednisolone as first-line therapy implies that it was effective in treating MN to some degree, as it is common practice to begin treatment with medications that have proven efficacy for the specific condition. Therefore, even though the statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats MN, the implied causality between the administration of methylprednisolone and the treatment of MN provides indirect support for the claim. - Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can be used to treat symptoms of lymphoma such as inflammation, swelling, and immune system dysfunction. While it does not directly treat the underlying disease, it can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life for patients. + However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, so further evidence would be required for definitive support of the claim that methylprednisolone treats MN. Additionally, factors such as individual patient response, con" +14027935,Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1263,"This study evaluated the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatinum and methylprednisolone (R-ESHAP).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study evaluated the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatinum and methylprednisolone (R-ESHAP).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the impact of prior rituximab exposure on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were treated with R-ESHAP (a combination regimen that includes methylprednisolone). The study does not evaluate methylprednisolone as an individual treatment for DLBCL; therefore, it does not provide evidence for its effectiveness in treating DLBCL on its own." +13679356,Methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome,1264,"A 46 year old woman who presented with severe multiorgans involvement including liver brain, cardio-pulmonary failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, progressive cytopenia, DIC and hemophagocytic syndrome during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II has been successfully treated primarily with pulse methyl prednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 46 year old woman who presented with severe multiorgans involvement including liver brain, cardio-pulmonary failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, progressive cytopenia, DIC and hemophagocytic syndrome during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II has been successfully treated primarily with pulse methyl prednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome. The case report describes a patient suffering from hemophagocytic syndrome during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II who was successfully treated primarily with pulse methylprednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G. This suggests that methylprednisolone may have contributed to the successful treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome in this particular case. However, it is important to note that this is only one case report, so further studies would be needed to establish a more definitive link between methylprednisolone treatment and outcomes in hemophagocytic syndrome patients." +13619118,Methylprednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1265,"In conclusion, methylprednisolone in combination with conventional medical therapy not only improved lung function values but also mean nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation and sleep duration in clinically stabilized COPD patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, methylprednisolone in combination with conventional medical therapy not only improved lung function values but also mean nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation and sleep duration in clinically stabilized COPD patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study suggests that methylprednisolone, when used in combination with conventional medical therapy, can improve lung function values and nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation in clinically stabilized COPD patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation. This implies that methylprednisolone has a positive impact on COPD symptoms and related conditions such as nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation. - Therefore, while the statement does not explicitly" -25738014,Methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis,1240,Seven patients with active AS and insufficient efficacy of NSAID for three months were treated with one gram methylprednisolone daily given intravenously for three successive days.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Seven patients with active AS and insufficient efficacy of NSAID for three months were treated with one gram methylprednisolone daily given intravenously for three successive days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ankylosing spondylitis"" (AS). The statement describes seven patients with active AS who were treated with methylprednisolone daily for three successive days due to insufficient efficacy of NSAID for three months. The use of methylprednisolone as a treatment for these AS patients suggests that it may have some therapeutic effect on AS, providing indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone can be used to treat AS. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; further studies would be needed to establish methylprednisolone as an evidence-based treatment for AS." -25734987,Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1241,"Peptichemio, a new oncolytic drug with alkylating and antimetabolic properties was employed in combination with vincristine and 6-methylprednisolone (PVP) for the treatment of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peptichemio, a new oncolytic drug with alkylating and antimetabolic properties was employed in combination with vincristine and 6-methylprednisolone (PVP) for the treatment of diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV.""?","No, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. The statement mentions that 6-methylprednisolone was used in combination with other drugs for treating diffuse non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), stages III and IV. However, it does not specify that 6-methylprednisolone was solely responsible for treating NHL nor does it indicate that it has any specific effect on NHL when used in combination with other drugs. Therefore, there is no direct support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on this statement alone. + However, it is important to note that ""treats"" is a strong word that implies a causal relationship and complete resolution of the disease. The provided statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone alone can treat COPD; rather it suggests that it may be beneficial as an adjunct therapy for certain COPD patients under specific conditions (i.e., clinically stabilized patients experiencing nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation). Therefore, while there is some support for methylprednisolone being used in COPD treatment, more extensive clinical" +13533673,Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome,1266,"Following treatment with etanercept, ibuprofen, methylprednisolone, and phenylbutazone for 3 weeks, MAS deteriorated and fatal cerebral edema occurred within only 24 h.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Following treatment with etanercept, ibuprofen, methylprednisolone, and phenylbutazone for 3 weeks, MAS deteriorated and fatal cerebral edema occurred within only 24 h.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome (MAS)"". In fact, it seems to suggest that methylprednisolone, along with other treatments, was ineffective in managing MAS in this particular case. The patient's condition worsened after three weeks of treatment, leading to a fatal cerebral edema within 24 hours of observation. This suggests that methylprednisolone may not be an effective treatment for MAS in all cases, and further research is needed to determine its efficacy in different patient populations and under different treatment conditions." +13161419,Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis,1267,"CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study suggest that the combination of MMF, IV MP and low-dose GC might achieve good clinical, functional and radiological results in patients suffering from severe early SSc.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study suggest that the combination of MMF, IV MP and low-dose GC might achieve good clinical, functional and radiological results in patients suffering from severe early SSc.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion of the pilot study suggests that a combination therapy including intravenous Methylprednisolone (IV MP), Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF), and low-dose Glucocorticoids (GC) might yield positive clinical, functional, and radiological results in patients suffering from severe early Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). - That being said, it is worth noting that corticosteroids like methylprednisolone have been used in combination therapies for treating certain types of NHL due to their immunosuppressive properties that can help manage symptoms and improve treatment outcomes when used in conjunction with other drugs. However, methylprednisolone is not typically used as a standalone treatment for NHL due to its limited effectiveness against cancer cells compared" -25642231,Methylprednisolone treats heart disorder,1242,High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats heart disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""High-dose MP may be contraindicated in patients with known heart disease"" suggests that Methylprednisolone (MP) has an impact on heart health, specifically that it could potentially exacerbate existing heart conditions when used in high doses. This implies that MP does have some effect on heart disorders, even if it's not necessarily a treatment. However, it's important to note that contraindication doesn't necessarily mean ineffective; it could also mean harmful in certain contexts. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for MP treating heart disorders from this statement, it would be premature to conclude that MP is a treatment for heart disorders without further evidence." -25366540,Methylprednisolone treats myopathy,1243,PURPOSE: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PURPOSE: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED).""?","Yes, the statement ""PURPOSE: To report the therapeutic efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) in patients with restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED)"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myopathy"". This is because it suggests that methylprednisolone has been used in a therapeutic context for patients suffering from restrictive myopathy caused by thyroid eye disease (TED), implying that it may have some beneficial effect on myopathy symptoms. However, it is important to note that myopathy is a broad term that can refer to various muscle diseases, so the efficacy of methylprednisolone may not generalize to all types of myopathy. Additionally, further studies would be needed to confirm these results and establish the specific mechanisms by which methylprednisolone may alleviate myopathy symptoms." -24273559,Methylprednisolone treats Abdominal pain,1244,"After 2 months of treatment with systemic methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Abdominal pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 2 months of treatment with systemic methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide, and prednisone, the patient's abdominal pain was relieved.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The patient's abdominal pain relief after two months of treatment that includes methylprednisolone suggests a potential correlation between methylprednisolone use and abdominal pain relief. However, it is important to note that this does not conclusively prove that methylprednisolone alone is responsible for the abdominal pain relief. Other factors such as cyclophosphamide and prednisone could also contribute to the effect, or the pain relief could be due to the natural progression of the disease being treated. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for the claim, it is not definitive proof." -23772707,Methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest,1245,Effect of Vasopressin and Methylprednisolone vs Placebo on Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of Vasopressin and Methylprednisolone vs Placebo on Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Patients With In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial.""?","Yes, indirectly. The title of the study suggests that methylprednisolone was used in combination with vasopressin in patients who experienced in-hospital cardiac arrest. However, it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest; rather it implies that it may be used as part of a treatment regimen during resuscitation efforts. To definitively support the claim that methylprednisolone treats cardiac arrest, more information would be needed from the study itself regarding its specific effects on cardiac arrest patients compared to placebo or standard care." -23209303,Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder,1246,"Although methylprednisolone gradually improved her respiratory condition, her oxygenation and exercise tolerance had drastically deteriorated, necessitating high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although methylprednisolone gradually improved her respiratory condition, her oxygenation and exercise tolerance had drastically deteriorated, necessitating high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats respiratory system disorder."" The statement suggests that methylprednisolone may have had some positive effect on the patient's respiratory condition, but it does not establish a causal relationship between the drug and the improvement in her respiratory system disorder. The patient's condition deteriorated despite the use of methylprednisolone, indicating that other factors may have been involved in her illness. Therefore, while methylprednisolone may be beneficial in treating certain respiratory system disorders under specific circumstances, it cannot be concluded that it is a definitive treatment based on this statement alone." -23116362,Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis,1247,"Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin and MP were used to treat P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin and MP were used to treat P. jirovecii pneumonia (PJP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumocystosis."" The reason is that in the provided context, Methylprednisolone (MP) is listed among other medications (Caspofungin, TMP-SMX, clindamycin) that were used to treat Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP). This implies that MP was also used as part of the treatment regimen for PJP, which is another term for pneumocystosis caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone is typically used as an adjunct therapy for PJP to manage inflammation and immune response rather than as an antimicrobial agent that directly targets Pneumocystis jirovecii." -22495912,Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis,1248,"Although, not described in the literature, we have found conjunctive use of milrinone and methylprednisolone effective in patient with SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although, not described in the literature, we have found conjunctive use of milrinone and methylprednisolone effective in patient with SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myocarditis."" The statement suggests that methylprednisolone has been found effective in treating a patient with SARS-CoV-2 fulminant myocarditis when used in conjunction with milrinone. This implies that methylprednisolone could potentially be beneficial in treating myocarditis, although it is important to note that this is based on a single observation rather than a systematic study. + + Although the statement does not explicitly claim that Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis on its own, it does imply that IV MP is an effective component of a treatment regimen for SSc patients when used in combination with other medications (MMF and GC). This finding supports the broader idea that Methylprednisolone can play a positive role in treating systemic sclerosis within specific therapeutic contexts and combinations. - However, it should be emphasized that the claim is not directly supported because the statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone alone is effective in treating myocarditis. The effectiveness could be due to the combination of methylprednisolone and milrinone, or other factors related to the specific patient or circumstances. Therefore, further investigation would be needed to establish a more definitive link between methylprednisolone and myocarditis treatment." -19962298,Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1249,High incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP receiving methylprednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP receiving methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats Hodgkin lymphoma."" + + However, it is important to note that further investigation is required before drawing definitive conclusions about Methylprednisolone's standalone efficacy in treating systemic sclerosis due to the lack of direct evidence in the statement provided. Additionally, considering potential side" +13096165,Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder,1268,"Dysthyroid optic neuropathy is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone; if visual functions do not recover, urgent surgical decompression is indicated.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Dysthyroid optic neuropathy is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone; if visual functions do not recover, urgent surgical decompression is indicated.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. - The statement ""High incidence of aseptic hip necrosis in Hodgkin lymphoma patients treated with escalated BEACOPP receiving methylprednisolone"" refers to a side effect (aseptic hip necrosis) associated with the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma patients using escalated BEACOPP (a specific chemotherapy regimen) in combination with methylprednisolone. + The statement suggests that dysthyroid optic neuropathy (an optic nerve disorder) is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone. This implies that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for this specific optic nerve disorder. Therefore, it can be inferred that methylprednisolone does indeed treat certain types of optic nerve disorders, providing indirect support for the initial phrase. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone may not be effective for all types of optic nerve disorders, as suggested by the mention of surgical decompression in cases where visual functions do not recover." +12975348,Methylprednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1269,"Gemcitabine, cisplatin and methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the Royal Marsden Hospital experience.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gemcitabine, cisplatin and methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the Royal Marsden Hospital experience.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The article cited by the statement may not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma as a single agent; however, it does mention its use in combination therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), which includes mature T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. - While it is true that methylprednisolone is used as part of the treatment regimen for Hodgkin lymphoma patients, it does not imply that methylprednisolone treats Hodgkin lymphoma by itself. Treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma typically involves a combination of chemotherapy drugs and/or radiation therapy, and methylprednisolone is used as an adjunctive agent within these regimens due to its immunosuppressive properties. Therefore, one cannot infer from the given statement that methylpred" -19674675,Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis,1250,Six newly diagnosed patients with MPA were initially treated with methylprednisolone and a single dose of RTX (375 mg/m2).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six newly diagnosed patients with MPA were initially treated with methylprednisolone and a single dose of RTX (375 mg/m2).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats microscopic polyangiitis (MPA)"". The reason is that it mentions six newly diagnosed patients with MPA being treated initially with methylprednisolone. This implies that methylprednisolone is part of the treatment regimen for MPA patients, thus lending support to the idea that methylprednisolone can be used to treat MPA. However, it should be noted that the statement also mentions RTX (Rituximab) as part of the treatment, suggesting that methylprednisolone might be used in conjunction with other medications for treating MPA. Additionally, since this is an observational study without a control group, it doesn't provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating MPA compared to other treatments or no treatment at all. Therefore, further studies would be needed to establish a more definitive causal relationship between methylprednisolone and improvements in MPA symptoms." -19534575,Methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,1251,Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION).""?","Yes, the statement ""Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION)"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy."" + The abstract of the article () describes a retrospective analysis of 50 patients with PTCL who received gemcitabine-containing chemotherapy at The Royal Marsden Hospital between 1996 and 2004. The treatment regimen included methylprednisolone in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin. The study reported an overall response rate of 56% (28 out of 50 patients). - The statement suggests that methylprednisolone can stabilize the blood-optic nerve barrier in a rat model of anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (rAION). This implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on rAION in rats. While it does not directly state that methylprednisolone treats anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in humans, it does provide evidence that methylprednisolone could have beneficial effects in treating this condition. + While methylprednisolone is used in combination therapy in this study, it still provides some level of indirect support for its use in treating" +12450216,Methylprednisolone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1270,Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in preterm infants treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in preterm infants treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in preterm infants treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" - However, it is important to note that extrapolating results from animal models to humans should be done cautiously, as there can be significant differences in physiology and disease presentation between species. Therefore, while this study provides some support for the claim, further research in human models would be necessary" -18427985,Methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis,1252,"We report a case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, 3 days after the initiation of low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report a case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, 3 days after the initiation of low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats osteoarthritis. The statement describes an adverse reaction experienced by a patient who had initiated low-dose methylprednisolone for osteoarthritis treatment. Therefore, it suggests a potential side effect of methylprednisolone use in osteoarthritis patients rather than its therapeutic effect on osteoarthritis." -18276332,Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis,1253,OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: To compare the effectiveness of oral nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis."" The objective of the study mentioned is to compare the effectiveness of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and locally injectable steroid (methylprednisolone) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. This implies that methylprednisolone is being used as a treatment option for plantar fasciitis, thereby supporting the claim that methylprednisolone treats plantar fasciitis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The results of the study would need to be evaluated to determine the actual effectiveness of methylprednisolone in treating plantar fasciitis." -18008318,Methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis,1254,A Japanese woman was treated with injectable methylprednisolone and oral prednisolone for dermatomyositis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A Japanese woman was treated with injectable methylprednisolone and oral prednisolone for dermatomyositis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats dermatomyositis. The woman in question was treated for dermatomyositis using methylprednisolone (an injectable form) and prednisolone (an oral form). This suggests that these medications were effective in managing her condition, thus providing evidence that methylprednisolone can be used to treat dermatomyositis. However, it is important to note that this is an observational case report, which does not provide the same level of evidence as a controlled clinical trial. Therefore, while it supports the claim, it does not definitively prove it." -17478785,Methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyp,1255,"The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that used either 20 days of doxycycline (200 mg the first day, followed by 100 mg daily) or 20 days of a tapering schedule of methyl prednisolone (32 mg on days 1-5, 16 mg on days 6-10, and 8 mg on days 11-20) for the treatment of nasal polyps.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyp"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results for a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that used either 20 days of doxycycline (200 mg the first day, followed by 100 mg daily) or 20 days of a tapering schedule of methyl prednisolone (32 mg on days 1-5, 16 mg on days 6-10, and 8 mg on days 11-20) for the treatment of nasal polyps.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats nasal cavity polyps. The study by Van Zele et al reports positive results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial using methylprednisolone for the treatment of nasal polyps. However, it's important to note that the study also used doxycycline as a treatment arm, so it doesn't directly demonstrate that methylprednisolone is more effective than placebo in treating nasal polyps. Further studies would be needed to make that direct comparison." -15407991,Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy,1256,"Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Herein, we present our experience of management of such cases with a single epidural injection of local anaesthetic, tramadol and methylprednisolone, and table tilt for management of both radiculopathies.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats radiculopathy"". The statement mentions that epidural injections including methylprednisolone have been used in managing cases of radiculopathy. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in such injections due to its anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce swelling and pain in nerve roots affected by radiculopathy. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; while methylprednisolone may be used in treating radiculopathy, more rigorous studies would be needed to definitively establish its efficacy for this purpose." -14897628,Methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica,1257,Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is effective in preserving retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with neuromyelitis optica.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The study suggests that early high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone helps preserve retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with NMO. This implies that methylprednisolone has a positive effect on NMO patients, supporting its use as a treatment for NMO. However, it is important to note that ""treating"" implies both managing symptoms and altering the course of the disease; thus, further research is needed to determine if methylprednisolone impacts long-term outcomes in NMO patients." -14825096,Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome,1258,The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms.""?","Yes, the statement ""The authors report their experience with intravenous methylprednisolone for the treatment of infantile spasms"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats West syndrome."" West syndrome is a specific type of infantile spasms, which is a severe epileptic encephalopathy in infants and young children. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used in various treatment contexts for its anti-inflammatory effects. The authors sharing their experience treating infantile spasms (a symptom of West syndrome) using intravenous methylprednisolone suggests that there is some basis for using methylprednisolone in treating West syndrome, even if it is not explicitly stated in the text provided. + + The statement suggests that methylprednisolone is used in treating bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm infants. While it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats BPD, it implies that it is used as a treatment strategy. The development of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy could be a complication of BPD itself or potentially an adverse effect of methylprednisolone treatment. However, without further information about the context of this statement and additional evidence, it is impossible to definitively conclude that methylprednisolone treats BPD. - However, it is crucial to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The statement only indicates that methylprednisolone has been used in treating infantile spasms in some capacity; it does not provide information about treatment outcomes, side effects, dosage, long-term effects, or whether it is more effective than other available treatments for West syndrome" -14690661,Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease,1259,OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term efficacy of transtympanic steroids (TTS) using methyl-prednisolone in the treatment of Meniere's disease (MD).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To describe the long-term efficacy of transtympanic steroids (TTS) using methyl-prednisolone in the treatment of Meniere's disease (MD).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Meniere disease"". The objective of the study explicitly mentions using methylprednisolone as part of transtympanic steroids (TTS) treatment for Meniere's disease (MD). By describing the long-term efficacy of TTS using methylprednisolone in treating MD, it implies that methylprednisolone could potentially be an effective treatment for Meniere disease. However, it is important to note that further analysis of the results and methods of the study would be required to make a definitive conclusion about methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating Meniere disease." -14636779,Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm,1260,"Rats with stereotactically implanted Walker 256 tumors were treated with methylprednisolone, U-74006F, U-78517F, or vehicle (0.05 N HCl) on Days 6 through 10 following implantation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rats with stereotactically implanted Walker 256 tumors were treated with methylprednisolone, U-74006F, U-78517F, or vehicle (0.05 N HCl) on Days 6 through 10 following implantation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats neoplasm"". The study mentions treating rats with methylprednisolone; however, it does not provide any information on whether methylprednisolone had any effect on tumor growth or reduction, which is necessary to make any conclusions about its potential therapeutic effect on neoplasms (tumors). + + Nonetheless, it is important to note that corticosteroids like methylprednisolone have been used in treating BPD due to their anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce lung injury and promote lung maturation in preterm infants (Jobe & Ikegami, 200" +11895116,Methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma,1271,Multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was diagnosed and she was given cytostatic therapy with 17.5 mg melphalan and 112 mg methylprednisolone daily by mouth (for 4 days at intervals of 6 weeks).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was diagnosed and she was given cytostatic therapy with 17.5 mg melphalan and 112 mg methylprednisolone daily by mouth (for 4 days at intervals of 6 weeks).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma. The statement indicates that a patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was given cytostatic therapy that included methylprednisolone as part of her treatment regimen. This suggests that methylprednisolone is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, which is a type of plasma cell myeloma. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone is often used in combination with other drugs for treating multiple myeloma, so it may not be solely responsible for treating the condition. Additionally, further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between methylprednisolone use and improved outcomes in patients with plasma cell myeloma." +11882768,Methylprednisolone treats Cognitive impairment,1272,One-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that methylprednisolone, when used in combination with cyclophosphamide, can improve cognitive dysfunction in certain forms of multiple sclerosis. This implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on cognitive impairment, even though it is not acting alone in this particular treatment regimen. However, it is important to note that cognitive impairment is just one aspect of multiple sclerosis, and more specific studies would be needed to definitively say that methylprednisolone treats cognitive impairment in all its forms." +11547088,Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,1273,"The hematologic evaluations and her clinical course revealed the diagnosis of TTP, so plasma exchange and methyl-prednisolone therapy were initiated.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hematologic evaluations and her clinical course revealed the diagnosis of TTP, so plasma exchange and methyl-prednisolone therapy were initiated.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)"". The statement indicates that a patient was diagnosed with TTP and was treated with plasma exchange and methylprednisolone therapy. The fact that methylprednisolone was administered as part of the treatment regimen suggests that it may have some therapeutic effect in managing TTP. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, and this statement alone does not definitively prove that methylprednisolone treats TTP. Further evidence from clinical trials and studies would be required to establish a direct causal relationship between methylprednisolone therapy and improved outcomes in TTP patients." +11313619,Methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis,1274,"METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, two-by-two factorial trial in which patients with acute vestibular neuritis were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo, methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or methylprednisolone plus valacyclovir.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, two-by-two factorial trial in which patients with acute vestibular neuritis were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo, methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or methylprednisolone plus valacyclovir.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis. The methods section of the study outlines a randomized controlled trial where patients diagnosed with acute vestibular neuritis were given either methylprednisolone, placebo, valacyclovir, or methylprednisolone plus valacyclovir. This design allows for comparison between treatment groups and control groups, which can help establish whether methylprednisolone has an effect on vestibular neuronitis symptoms. - The statement only describes that rats were given methylprednisolone as part of an experiment involving four different treatments (methylprednisolone, U-74006F, U-78517F, or vehicle) following tumor implantation from Day 6 through Day 10. Without any further context on how these treatments influenced tumor growth or reduction, it is impossible to infer that methylprednisolone has any specific impact on neoplasms. + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The results of the study must be analyzed before making any conclusions about methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating vestibular neuronitis. The study should also meet certain quality standards such as adequate sample size, appropriate statistical analysis, and transparent reporting of results in order for its conclusions to be considered reliable." +10801960,Methylprednisolone treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1275,High dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in CLL patients with p53 abnormalities.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in CLL patients with p53 abnormalities.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement. The original claim suggests that high-dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have p53 abnormalities. This implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on CLL, specifically in those individuals where p53 function is compromised. - To provide indirect support for treating neoplasms using methylprednisolone, additional information would be required, such as comparing tumor sizes between treatment groups (methylprednisolone vs control) at the end of the study" -14398238,Methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis,1261,"CONCLUSIONS: Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgA nephropathy stabilized renal function and significantly reduced hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgA nephropathy stabilized renal function and significantly reduced hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats IgA glomerulonephritis (IgAN), which is a form of IgA nephropathy. The conclusion of the study states that treatment with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide in children with Grade IV IgAN stabilized renal function and significantly reduced hematuria, proteinuria, mesangial IgA deposition, and the renal pathological activity index. + + While the original statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats all cases of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, it does provide evidence that methylprednisolone has some efficacy in treating CLL patients with p53 abnormalities. This suggests that there may be a subset of CLL patients who could potentially benefit from methylprednisolone treatment, although more extensive clinical trials would be required to confirm this hypothesis and determine its applicability in broader clinical settings. - IgA glomerulonephritis is characterized by the deposition of IgA immune complexes in the mesangium of the glomerulus leading to inflammation and damage of renal tissues. The study demonstrates that administering methylprednisolone in combination with cyclophosphamide can significantly reduce mesangial IgA deposition as well as improve renal function in children suffering from Grade IV IgAN. + + However, it is essential to acknowledge that CLL is a complex disease with multiple genetic abnormalities beyond p53 mutations alone. Therefore, while methylprednisolone may have some" +10634179,Methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease,1276,An example of acute pancreatitis developing five weeks after initial treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone for severe Crohn's disease is reported in a 37 year old female patient.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An example of acute pancreatitis developing five weeks after initial treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone for severe Crohn's disease is reported in a 37 year old female patient.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease. The statement describes an adverse event (acute pancreatitis) that occurred five weeks after initial treatment of Crohn's disease with both 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone in a single patient. It does not provide any information about the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating Crohn disease. Therefore, it does not support the claim that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for Crohn disease." +10341065,Methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome,1277,Twenty-nine of the 30 SARS patients were treated by methylprednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Twenty-nine of the 30 SARS patients were treated by methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement ""Twenty-nine of the 30 SARS patients were treated by methylprednisolone"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)"". The high proportion of SARS patients who received methylprednisolone treatment suggests that there may be some therapeutic benefit associated with its use in treating SARS. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. Therefore, while this statement supports an association between methylprednisolone use and SARS treatment, it does not definitively prove that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for SARS. Further investigation, such as controlled clinical trials, would be necessary to establish causation and determine whether methylprednisolone is indeed an effective treatment for SARS." +10289517,Methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease,1278,"CASE SUMMARY: A 2-year-old white boy with a history of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent a bone marrow transplant and developed graft-versus-host disease, which was treated with methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE SUMMARY: A 2-year-old white boy with a history of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent a bone marrow transplant and developed graft-versus-host disease, which was treated with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease. The case summary describes a patient who developed graft-versus-host disease after a bone marrow transplant and was treated with methylprednisolone. This suggests that methylprednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for graft-versus-host disease in this case, providing evidence that it is used in the treatment of this condition. However, it does not provide direct evidence that methylprednisolone is effective in treating graft-versus-host disease, as the outcome of the treatment is not described in the statement. Further research would be needed to establish the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating graft-versus-host disease." +10221573,Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm,1279,The effects of HDMP should be explored in patients with other subtypes of AML who present with MT.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of HDMP should be explored in patients with other subtypes of AML who present with MT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm."" The statement refers to ""HDMP,"" which is an abbreviation for high-dose methylprednisolone. While it suggests that HDMP should be explored in certain patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), it does not mention myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), which are a distinct category of hematological malignancies. MPNs include conditions such as polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis, which have different pathophysiological mechanisms compared to AML. Therefore, even though both conditions involve abnormal blood cell production, the statement does not offer any evidence or suggestion that methylprednisolone would be an effective treatment for MPNs." +10136260,Methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1280,"We examined the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate and compared it to conventional dose steroid treatment, administered during the first 7+ days of the induction remission period in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We examined the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate and compared it to conventional dose steroid treatment, administered during the first 7+ days of the induction remission period in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The study is investigating the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate in patients with ALL during the induction remission period. This suggests that methylprednisolone is being used as a treatment for ALL, as one of the main goals of treatment during induction remission is to reduce blast cells, which are immature blood cells that can accumulate and lead to complications in leukemia patients. - However, it is important to note that while methylprednisolone may be an effective treatment for IgAN when used in combination therapy as in this study, it does not necessarily mean that methylpred" -14232595,Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis,1262,"MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats membranous glomerulonephritis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""MN was treated with methylprednisolone as first-line therapy, then she was changed to rituximab for a relapse."" + However, it is important to note that while this study supports methylprednisolone as part of the treatment regimen for ALL patients during induction remission, it does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone alone can treat ALL. It is likely that methylprednisolone is used in combination with other treatments as part of a standard protocol for ALL management. Therefore, further investigation would be required to determine the specific efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating ALL." +10049014,"Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic",1281,"The objective of this multicentre, parallel, blinded, randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of cyclosporine (CsA group, 117 dogs) in comparison with methylprednisolone (MP group, 59 dogs) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis for 4 months.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this multicentre, parallel, blinded, randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of cyclosporine (CsA group, 117 dogs) in comparison with methylprednisolone (MP group, 59 dogs) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis for 4 months.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"". The study mentioned is designed to compare the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone in treating atopic dermatitis in dogs over a period of 4 months. The fact that methylprednisolone is used in a treatment group suggests that it has been considered as a potential treatment for atopic dermatitis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The study would need to present results showing that methylprednisolone is effective in treating atopic dermatitis to provide direct support for the claim." +9980473,Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin a vasculitis,1282,"CASE DESCRIPTION: A 33-year-old woman previously treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide for Henoch-Schonlein purpura was transferred from a referring hospital because of sore throat, fever, and chills.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin a vasculitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE DESCRIPTION: A 33-year-old woman previously treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide for Henoch-Schonlein purpura was transferred from a referring hospital because of sore throat, fever, and chills.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin A vasculitis."" The case description mentions that a patient was treated with methylprednisolone for Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), which is a form of immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis but does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone was used specifically for treating IgA vasculitis in this case. - The statement suggests that MN was initially given methylprednisolone as a treatment for her condition, which was later identified as membranous glomerulonephritis (MN). The use of methylprednisolone as a first-line therapy implies that it was effective in treating MN to some degree, providing indirect evidence for its efficacy in treating MN. However, it is important to note that this is an inference based on limited information and does not constitute definitive proof of methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating MN. Further studies with larger sample sizes and controlled conditions would be required to establish a more robust evidence base for this claim." -14027935,Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1263,"This study evaluated the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatinum and methylprednisolone (R-ESHAP).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study evaluated the influence of prior exposure to rituximab on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus etoposide, cytarabine, cisplatinum and methylprednisolone (R-ESHAP).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the impact of prior rituximab exposure on response rates and survival in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were treated with R-ESHAP (a combination regimen that includes methylprednisolone). The study does not assess methylprednisolone as an individual treatment for DLBCL; therefore, it does not contribute evidence towards methylprednisolone being an effective treatment for DLBCL on its own." -13679356,Methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome,1264,"A 46 year old woman who presented with severe multiorgans involvement including liver brain, cardio-pulmonary failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, progressive cytopenia, DIC and hemophagocytic syndrome during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II has been successfully treated primarily with pulse methyl prednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 46 year old woman who presented with severe multiorgans involvement including liver brain, cardio-pulmonary failure, gastrointestinal bleeding, progressive cytopenia, DIC and hemophagocytic syndrome during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II has been successfully treated primarily with pulse methyl prednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats hemophagocytic syndrome"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. + Henoch-Schonlein purpura is an IgA vasculitis that primarily affects children but can also occur in adults. It is characterized by inflammation of small blood vessels (vasculitis) due to an abnormal immune response involving IgA antibodies. Methylprednisolone is often used as an anti-inflammatory agent in treating various autoimmune conditions, including vasculitides like HSP. - The statement describes a case of a patient with hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) among other severe symptoms during the convalescent phase of Dengue type II. The patient was primarily treated with pulse methylprednisolone and high dose intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG), resulting in successful treatment. + However, without further information about the patient's medical history, treatment course, or response to methylprednisolone therapy in relation to her IgA vasculitis symptoms, it is" +9720542,Methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis,1283,The last significant breakthrough in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of lupus nephritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The last significant breakthrough in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of lupus nephritis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis. The key word here is ""indirect"" because it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone alone is effective in treating lupus nephritis, but it does associate methylprednisolone with successful treatment outcomes in conjunction with cyclophosphamide. - While the statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats HS, it does imply that methylprednisolone was part of the successful treatment regimen for a patient with HS. This suggests that methylprednisolone may have contributed to the successful treatment of HS in this case. However, it is important to note that the patient had multiple severe symptoms and was treated with both methylprednisolone and IVIG, so it is not possible to attribute the successful treatment solely to methylprednisolone based on this statement alone. + To break it down further, let's consider what we know about lupus nephritis and its treatment. Lupus nephritis is a severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that can lead to kidney failure if left untreated (1). Therefore, developing effective treatments for lupus nephritis is of paramount importance in managing SLE. - Furthermore, while this case report suggests a potential benefit of methylprednisolone in treating HS, it" -13619118,Methylprednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1265,"In conclusion, methylprednisolone in combination with conventional medical therapy not only improved lung function values but also mean nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation and sleep duration in clinically stabilized COPD patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, methylprednisolone in combination with conventional medical therapy not only improved lung function values but also mean nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation and sleep duration in clinically stabilized COPD patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion of the study indicates that methylprednisolone, when used in combination with conventional medical therapy, led to improvements in lung function values as well as nocturnal oxyhemoglobin saturation and sleep duration in clinically stabilized chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation. + The statement highlights cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone as having made a significant breakthrough in treating lupus nephritis. Cyclophosphamide is an immunosuppressive drug often used in combination therapy for severe lupus nephritis (2). Methylprednisolone is a type of" +8761529,Methylprednisolone treats asthma,1284,Methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol) is a prodrug of methylprednisolone being developed by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn) for the treatment of asthma.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol) is a prodrug of methylprednisolone being developed by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn) for the treatment of asthma.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement indicates that Methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol), which is a prodrug of methylprednisolone, is being developed for the treatment of asthma by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn). A prodrug is an inactive form of a drug that is metabolically converted into its active form in the body. In this case, Methylprednisolone suleptanate is metabolically converted into Methylprednisolone in the body. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid that is often used in treating asthma due to its anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, if Methylprednisolone suleptanate is approved for use in treating asthma, it would indirectly support the claim that Methylprednisolone treats asthma because it would be an indirect route for administering Methylprednisolone for asthma treatment. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence would be needed for a definitive conclusion as indirect evidence can" +8588816,Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy,1285,"On these basis, we have studied the efficacity of parenteral association of 30 mg/Kg/j of Aciclovir and 1 mg/Kg/j of Methylprednisolone in the treatment of Bell's palsy with less than 12 days of evolution.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On these basis, we have studied the efficacity of parenteral association of 30 mg/Kg/j of Aciclovir and 1 mg/Kg/j of Methylprednisolone in the treatment of Bell's palsy with less than 12 days of evolution.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy. The statement suggests that there has been a study on the efficacy of Methylprednisolone in treating Bell's palsy that has less than 12 days of evolution when used in conjunction with Aciclovir. However, it doesn't provide direct evidence of Methylprednisolone's efficacy as a standalone treatment for Bell's palsy. - - However, it is important to note that the statement does not explicitly claim that methylprednisolone alone treats COPD but rather in combination with conventional medical therapy. Therefore, while there is some level of support for methylprednisolone having beneficial effects for some aspects of COPD in specific patient populations (those who experience nocturnal oxyhemoglobin desaturation), it would be inaccurate to conclude that methylprednisolone is a standalone treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease based solely on this information. Additional studies focusing on methylprednisolone as monotherapy would be required for more direct support of such a claim." -13533673,Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome,1266,"Following treatment with etanercept, ibuprofen, methylprednisolone, and phenylbutazone for 3 weeks, MAS deteriorated and fatal cerebral edema occurred within only 24 h.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Following treatment with etanercept, ibuprofen, methylprednisolone, and phenylbutazone for 3 weeks, MAS deteriorated and fatal cerebral edema occurred within only 24 h.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats macrophage activation syndrome (MAS)"". In fact, it seems to suggest that methylprednisolone may not be effective in treating MAS in this particular case. The patient's condition worsened after being treated with methylprednisolone for three weeks, which indicates that it did not alleviate their MAS symptoms. Therefore, one cannot infer that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for MAS based on this statement alone. It is essential to consider additional evidence from clinical trials and systematic reviews when assessing treatment efficacy." -13161419,Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis,1267,"CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study suggest that the combination of MMF, IV MP and low-dose GC might achieve good clinical, functional and radiological results in patients suffering from severe early SSc.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study suggest that the combination of MMF, IV MP and low-dose GC might achieve good clinical, functional and radiological results in patients suffering from severe early SSc.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion of the pilot study indicates that a combination therapy including intravenous Methylprednisolone (IV MP) has shown promising results in treating severe early Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). However, it is important to note that Methylprednisolone is used in combination with other drugs in this study (MMF and low-dose GC), making it difficult to attribute the positive effects solely to Methylprednisolone. + It is important to note that while this statement suggests a potential benefit of Methylprednisolone in treating Bell's palsy, it does not constitute definitive proof of its efficacy. Further research is needed to establish the drug's effectiveness as a treatment for Bell's palsy, including randomized controlled trials that compare Methylprednisolone to placebo or other treatments. - The study does suggest that Methylprednisolone could be beneficial in treating systemic sclerosis as part of a larger treatment regimen; however, further studies would be required to establish whether Methylprednisolone alone is effective in treating systemic sclerosis. This is especially important given that corticosteroids like Methylprednisolone can have significant side effects when used long-term or at high doses. + Additionally, it is crucial to consider potential side effects and risks associated with Methylprednisolone use, as well as any contraindications that may exist for certain patient populations. A thorough evaluation of the benefits and risks of Meth" +8568939,Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis,1286,"Treatment with methylprednisolone for myasthenia gravis was associated with a marked decrease in both biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption without any changes in endogenous cAMP and serum levels of calcium, PTH, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with methylprednisolone for myasthenia gravis was associated with a marked decrease in both biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption without any changes in endogenous cAMP and serum levels of calcium, PTH, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone treatment on myasthenia gravis in terms of bone formation and resorption markers, endogenous cAMP, serum levels of calcium, PTH, and 1,25-(OH)2D3 but it does not provide any information about the treatment efficacy in terms of improvement of myasthenia gravis symptoms or clinical outcomes. - In summary, while there is some indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone treats systemic sclerosis based on this study, it is not definitive proof due to the combined treatment" -13096165,Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder,1268,"Dysthyroid optic neuropathy is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone; if visual functions do not recover, urgent surgical decompression is indicated.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Dysthyroid optic neuropathy is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone; if visual functions do not recover, urgent surgical decompression is indicated.""?","Yes, the statement ""Dysthyroid optic neuropathy is best treated with intravenous pulsed methylprednisolone; if visual functions do not recover, urgent surgical decompression is indicated"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats optic nerve disorder"". This is because dysthyroid optic neuropathy is a specific type of optic nerve disorder, and methylprednisolone is recommended as a treatment for it in this context. However, it should be noted that this does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is effective for all types of optic nerve disorders, as its efficacy may depend on the specific underlying condition and other factors." -12975348,Methylprednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1269,"Gemcitabine, cisplatin and methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the Royal Marsden Hospital experience.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gemcitabine, cisplatin and methylprednisolone for the treatment of patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma: the Royal Marsden Hospital experience.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The article cited refers to a study conducted at The Royal Marsden Hospital where they used a treatment regimen consisting of gemcitabine, cisplatin, and methylprednisolone for patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL), which is a subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). + To provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis, one would need evidence suggesting that treatment with methylprednisolone leads to an improvement in myasthenia gravis symptoms or clinical outcomes. The statement provided does not contain such evidence. - The statement does not explicitly claim that methylprednisolone alone treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma but rather as part of a combination therapy for PTCL patients in particular. However, since mature T-cell and NK-cell lymphomas fall under the broader category of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, one could infer that methylprednisolone may play some role (albeit unspecified) in treating these subtypes when used in combination therapy as suggested by this study. + It is important to note that while the statement provides valuable information about the effects of methylprednisolone treatment on various physiological parameters in myasthenia gravis patients, it does not directly support the claim that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for myasthenia gravis. Further studies that focus on clinical" +8562694,Methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos,1287,PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen euthyroid patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone during 6 months and followed-up for 24-48 months by clinical and ophthalmological assessment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen euthyroid patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone during 6 months and followed-up for 24-48 months by clinical and ophthalmological assessment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos (a symptom of Graves' ophthalmopathy). The study mentions that 14 euthyroid patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for 6 months and followed up for 24-48 months through clinical and ophthalmological assessment. However, it does not provide specific results regarding the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating endocrine exophthalmos. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim based on the methods used in the study, direct evidence of methylprednisolone's effectiveness for treating endocrine exophthalmos is not provided in this statement alone. Further investigation into the study results would be required for more definitive support of the claim." +8503951,Methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis,1288,The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of unfractionated heparin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in comparison with methylprednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of unfractionated heparin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in comparison with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis. The study in question is comparing unfractionated heparin with methylprednisolone as treatments for ulcerative colitis. By implication, if such a study were being conducted, it would suggest that there is already some level of acceptance or suspicion in the medical community that methylprednisolone could be an effective treatment for ulcerative colitis. Therefore, while not a direct confirmation of efficacy, it does provide some level of support for the claim in question. However, it is important to note that further investigation would be required to definitively establish methylprednisolone as an effective treatment for ulcerative colitis, such as reviewing the results of the study in question, examining other related studies, and consulting relevant medical literature." +8464737,Methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder,1289,"Post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy were treated with hemodialysis, methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and prednisone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy were treated with hemodialysis, methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and prednisone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder. The statement indicates that methylprednisolone was used in combination with other treatments for post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy, both of which are kidney disorders. This suggests that methylprednisolone is considered an appropriate treatment for these kidney disorders. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone was used in combination with other treatments, so it cannot be concluded that methylprednisolone alone treats kidney disorder based on this statement alone. Further evidence would be needed to make that determination." +8427466,Methylprednisolone treats sinusitis,1290,"To resolve the controversy over whether corticosteroids promote or inhibit the resolution of sinusitis, we present a prospective study of 80 rabbits with surgically introduced pseudomonal sinusitis that were then treated in one of four arms: control, ceftazidime, methylprednisolone, and ceftazidime with methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats sinusitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To resolve the controversy over whether corticosteroids promote or inhibit the resolution of sinusitis, we present a prospective study of 80 rabbits with surgically introduced pseudomonal sinusitis that were then treated in one of four arms: control, ceftazidime, methylprednisolone, and ceftazidime with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats sinusitis. The study design is robust as it includes a control group and three treatment groups, one of which includes methylprednisolone. However, it's important to note that the statement does not directly prove that methylprednisolone treats sinusitis, but rather it suggests a potential beneficial effect that warrants further investigation. - It is important to note that drawing definitive conclusions based on indirect evidence has limitations, as it does not account for potential variations in disease presentation, patient response, dosage effects, or other factors that" -12450216,Methylprednisolone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia,1270,Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in preterm infants treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in preterm infants treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The key term here is ""treated with methylprednisolone for bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" This implies that methylprednisolone was used as a treatment for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). + The study design is crucial here. By comparing outcomes in rabbits treated with methylprednisolone to those in a control group, the study can identify any differences in outcomes that may suggest a treatment effect. If rabbits in the methylprednisolone group show improved resolution of sinusitis compared to the control group, it would provide evidence for the potential therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone in treating sinusitis. - However, it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats BPD; rather, it suggests that it is used in its treatment regimen. The statement also mentions that the infants in question had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which could be a complication of BPD or potentially an adverse effect of methylprednisolone treatment. + However, there are several factors to consider before accepting this as definitive evidence. Firstly, the study is conducted in rabbits, not humans. The physiology of rabbits is not identical to humans, so it's possible that results may not translate directly. Secondly, the study only reports that rabbits were" +8330903,Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus,1291,MAIN RESULTS: We found no randomised controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for the treatment of neuropsychiatric involvement in the systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MAIN RESULTS: We found no randomised controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for the treatment of neuropsychiatric involvement in the systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus."" The statement is comparing two treatments, cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone, in the context of treating neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It does not provide evidence that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for SLE itself. Therefore, it does not indirectly support the claim that methylprednisolone treats SLE. - Nonetheless, the indirect support comes from the fact that methylprednisolone is being used in the treatment of BPD, aligning with the phrase in question. It is important to note that further investigation would be required to establish a direct causal relationship between methylprednisolone and improvement in BPD symptoms." -11895116,Methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma,1271,Multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was diagnosed and she was given cytostatic therapy with 17.5 mg melphalan and 112 mg methylprednisolone daily by mouth (for 4 days at intervals of 6 weeks).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was diagnosed and she was given cytostatic therapy with 17.5 mg melphalan and 112 mg methylprednisolone daily by mouth (for 4 days at intervals of 6 weeks).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats plasma cell myeloma. The statement indicates that a patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma of Stage IIa was given cytostatic therapy that included methylprednisolone as part of her treatment regimen. This suggests that methylprednisolone is used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, which is a type of plasma cell myeloma. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone was used in combination with melphalan in this case, so it does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone alone is effective in treating plasma cell myeloma. Additionally, correlation does not imply causation, so further evidence would be needed to definitively establish that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for plasma cell myeloma." -11882768,Methylprednisolone treats Cognitive impairment,1272,One-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does provide some support for the statement that methylprednisolone treats cognitive impairment. The given statement suggests that one-year cyclophosphamide treatment combined with methylprednisolone improves cognitive dysfunction in progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). This implies that methylprednisolone is contributing positively towards cognitive function improvement in MS patients. However, it should be noted that this is an indirect inference as the statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone alone treats cognitive impairment. The improvement could be due to the combined effect of methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide. Furthermore, the context is specific to MS patients, so further research would be needed to generalize these findings to other cognitive impairment scenarios." -11547088,Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura,1273,"The hematologic evaluations and her clinical course revealed the diagnosis of TTP, so plasma exchange and methyl-prednisolone therapy were initiated.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hematologic evaluations and her clinical course revealed the diagnosis of TTP, so plasma exchange and methyl-prednisolone therapy were initiated.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)"". The statement indicates that after diagnosing TTP in a patient through hematologic evaluations and clinical course assessment, plasma exchange and methylprednisolone therapy were initiated. This implies that methylprednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for TTP in this case. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, while methylprednisolone was used in treating TTP in this instance, it does not definitively prove that methylprednisolone treats TTP in all cases. Further studies would be required for establishing such causality conclusively." -11313619,Methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis,1274,"METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, two-by-two factorial trial in which patients with acute vestibular neuritis were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo, methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or methylprednisolone plus valacyclovir.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind, two-by-two factorial trial in which patients with acute vestibular neuritis were randomly assigned to treatment with placebo, methylprednisolone, valacyclovir, or methylprednisolone plus valacyclovir.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats vestibular neuronitis. This is because the methodology described in the statement includes a randomized controlled trial where patients diagnosed with acute vestibular neuritis were treated with either methylprednisolone (a corticosteroid) or placebo (a control). The purpose of such a trial is to determine whether there is a significant difference in outcomes between the two groups (those receiving methylprednisolone versus those receiving placebo). If such a difference is found, it would suggest that methylprednisolone has an effect on vestibular neuronitis. + However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in the treatment of SLE due to its anti-inflammatory effects. Its use is typically as an adjunct therapy in combination with other medications such as immunosuppressants (like cyclophosphamide) or antimalarials. The lack of randomized controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone does not negate the fact that methylprednisolone is used in treating SLE. It simply means that there is a lack of direct comparison between these two treatments in the" +8291810,Methylprednisolone treats pneumonia,1292,High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis"" suggests that methylprednisolone was used as a treatment for a lung inflammation condition (pneumonitis). Pneumonia is also a lung inflammation condition, often caused by infection. Therefore, it's reasonable to infer that if methylprednisolone is used for one type of lung inflammation (pneumonitis), it could potentially be used for another (pneumonia). However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not constitute definitive proof that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for pneumonia. The two conditions, while sharing similar symptoms, have different underlying causes and may require different treatments. Therefore, further research would be needed to confirm whether methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for pneumonia specifically." +8227578,Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,1293,"Additional antiinflammatory therapy, such as IV methylprednisolone and IV cyclophosphamide, may be helpful in treating persistent KD.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additional antiinflammatory therapy, such as IV methylprednisolone and IV cyclophosphamide, may be helpful in treating persistent KD.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome."" The statement suggests that IV methylprednisolone can be helpful in treating persistent Kawasaki Disease (KD), which is also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. Therefore, it implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on KD. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating KD. The statement comes from a broader context where multiple treatments are being discussed for persistent KD, so it doesn't explicitly state that methylprednisolone is a standalone treatment for KD. Furthermore, it's crucial to consider that medical treatments should be based on robust clinical evidence and guidelines, not just isolated statements." +8095661,Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome,1294,Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome.""?","Yes, the statement ""Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome."" This is because an injection of methylprednisolone into the carpal tunnel is a medical intervention typically used to alleviate symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid that reduces inflammation, which is often the primary cause of discomfort in CTS patients. - However, it is important to note that while this methodology does provide some level of support for the claim, it does not confirm it outright. The results of the trial itself would need to be analyzed to determine whether methylprednisolone has a significant effect on vestibular neuronitis compared to placebo. Additionally, even if such an effect is found, it would not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone ""treats"" vestibular neuronitis in a causative sense, as it could potentially be al" -10801960,Methylprednisolone treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1275,High dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in CLL patients with p53 abnormalities.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in CLL patients with p53 abnormalities.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) based on the statement provided. The statement suggests that high-dose methylprednisolone can induce remissions in CLL patients with p53 abnormalities. This implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on CLL, specifically in patients with p53 abnormalities. However, it does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is a primary treatment for CLL in all patients, as CLL is typically managed with other therapies such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is limited in scope and does not imply that methylprednisolone is a primary treatment for all CLL patients." -10634179,Methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease,1276,An example of acute pancreatitis developing five weeks after initial treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone for severe Crohn's disease is reported in a 37 year old female patient.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An example of acute pancreatitis developing five weeks after initial treatment with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone for severe Crohn's disease is reported in a 37 year old female patient.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats Crohn disease."" The statement describes an adverse event (acute pancreatitis) that occurred in a patient being treated for Crohn's disease with both 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and methylprednisolone. It does not provide any information about the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in treating Crohn's disease. Therefore, it does not contribute to the validation of that specific claim." -10341065,Methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome,1277,Twenty-nine of the 30 SARS patients were treated by methylprednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Twenty-nine of the 30 SARS patients were treated by methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). The fact that 29 out of 30 SARS patients were treated with methylprednisolone suggests that there is some association between its use and patient outcomes in SARS cases. However, it does not prove causation - that methylprednisolone actually treats SARS - as other factors could have influenced these outcomes. Therefore, while suggestive, additional evidence would be needed to definitively support the claim that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for SARS." -10289517,Methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease,1278,"CASE SUMMARY: A 2-year-old white boy with a history of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent a bone marrow transplant and developed graft-versus-host disease, which was treated with methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE SUMMARY: A 2-year-old white boy with a history of relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent a bone marrow transplant and developed graft-versus-host disease, which was treated with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats graft versus host disease. The case summary indicates that a patient who developed graft-versus-host disease after a bone marrow transplant was treated with methylprednisolone, implying that the drug was used as a therapeutic agent for this condition. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on observational evidence; it does not constitute definitive proof of efficacy, as other factors could have contributed to the patient's outcome. Furthermore, it doesn't provide information about potential side effects, contraindications, or optimal dosage regimens for methylprednisolone in this context. Therefore, while suggestive, this observation should be corroborated by controlled clinical trials before drawing firm conclusions about the drug's effectiveness in treating graft-versus-host disease." -10221573,Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm,1279,The effects of HDMP should be explored in patients with other subtypes of AML who present with MT.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of HDMP should be explored in patients with other subtypes of AML who present with MT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myeloproliferative neoplasm."" The statement refers to ""HDMP,"" which is an abbreviation for High-Dose Methylprednisolone. While it is true that methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in high doses in clinical settings (and thus could be what is meant by ""HDMP""), the statement does not make any direct or indirect connection between methylprednisolone and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Instead, it discusses its potential effects in patients with other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who present with myelodysplasia-related changes (MT). MPNs and AML are distinct hematological malignancies, requiring different treatment approaches. Therefore, even if HDMP were shown to be beneficial in AML patients with MT, it would not necessarily imply that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for MPNs." -10136260,Methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1280,"We examined the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate and compared it to conventional dose steroid treatment, administered during the first 7+ days of the induction remission period in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We examined the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate and compared it to conventional dose steroid treatment, administered during the first 7+ days of the induction remission period in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The researchers studied the effect of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) on blast reduction rate in ALL patients during the induction remission period. This implies that methylprednisolone is being used as a treatment for ALL, as one of the main goals of treatment during the induction remission period is to reduce the number of leukemia cells (blasts) in the body. However, it is important to note that direct support would require explicit statements about methylprednisolone improving patient outcomes or reducing leukemia severity, which is not provided in the statement." -10049014,"Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic",1281,"The objective of this multicentre, parallel, blinded, randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of cyclosporine (CsA group, 117 dogs) in comparison with methylprednisolone (MP group, 59 dogs) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis for 4 months.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this multicentre, parallel, blinded, randomized controlled study was to evaluate the efficacy and the safety of cyclosporine (CsA group, 117 dogs) in comparison with methylprednisolone (MP group, 59 dogs) in the treatment of atopic dermatitis for 4 months.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats dermatitis, atopic"". The study mentioned is designed to compare the efficacy and safety of cyclosporine and methylprednisolone in treating atopic dermatitis in dogs over a period of 4 months. The inclusion of methylprednisolone as a treatment option suggests that it is considered effective in treating atopic dermatitis to some extent. However, it is important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating atopic dermatitis; rather, it implies that methylprednisolone is a recognized treatment option in the context of this study." -9980473,Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin a vasculitis,1282,"CASE DESCRIPTION: A 33-year-old woman previously treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide for Henoch-Schonlein purpura was transferred from a referring hospital because of sore throat, fever, and chills.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin a vasculitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE DESCRIPTION: A 33-year-old woman previously treated with methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide for Henoch-Schonlein purpura was transferred from a referring hospital because of sore throat, fever, and chills.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats immunoglobulin A vasculitis."" The case description mentions that the patient was previously treated with methylprednisolone for Henoch-Schonlein purpura, which is a disease that can present similar symptoms to immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV). However, it does not indicate that methylprednisolone was effective in treating IgAV in this particular case, nor does it establish a causal relationship between methylprednisolone treatment and resolution of IgAV symptoms. Therefore, we cannot infer from this statement that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for IgAV." -9720542,Methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis,1283,The last significant breakthrough in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of lupus nephritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The last significant breakthrough in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of lupus nephritis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats lupus nephritis. The key phrase here is ""the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in the treatment of lupus nephritis."" This implies that methylprednisolone is part of a treatment regimen for lupus nephritis, thus lending credence to the idea that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on the condition. + However, it is essential to acknowledge that while an injection of methylprednisolone can help manage CTS symptoms, it does not necessarily imply that methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome in its entirety. Treatment generally refers to a definitive solution that addresses the underlying cause(s) of a condition and prevents its recurrence. In contrast, symptomatic relief focuses on alleviating distressing symptoms without necessarily addressing the root cause(s). - However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating lupus nephritis. Direct evidence would require clinical trials specifically testing methylprednisolone as a treatment for lupus nephritis. The indirect evidence provided here should be interpreted in the context of other evidence when making conclusions about methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating lupus nephritis." -8761529,Methylprednisolone treats asthma,1284,Methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol) is a prodrug of methylprednisolone being developed by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn) for the treatment of asthma.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol) is a prodrug of methylprednisolone being developed by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn) for the treatment of asthma.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that methylprednisolone treats asthma. The statement provided indicates that methylprednisolone suleptanate (Promedrol), which is a prodrug of methylprednisolone, is being developed for the treatment of asthma by Pharmacia Corp (formerly Pharmacia & Upjohn). A prodrug is an inactive form of a drug that is metabolically converted into its active form in the body. Therefore, if Promedrol is being developed for asthma treatment, it suggests that its active form, methylprednisolone, has therapeutic effects in asthma management. However, it is important to note that further investigation is necessary to establish the direct relationship between methylprednisolone and asthma treatment since this statement only implies an indirect association through its prodrug form." -8588816,Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy,1285,"On these basis, we have studied the efficacity of parenteral association of 30 mg/Kg/j of Aciclovir and 1 mg/Kg/j of Methylprednisolone in the treatment of Bell's palsy with less than 12 days of evolution.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On these basis, we have studied the efficacity of parenteral association of 30 mg/Kg/j of Aciclovir and 1 mg/Kg/j of Methylprednisolone in the treatment of Bell's palsy with less than 12 days of evolution.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone treats Bell's palsy. The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the efficacy of both Aciclovir and Methylprednisolone in treating Bell's palsy that has been present for less than 12 days. The inclusion of Methylprednisolone in this study suggests that it has some therapeutic potential for Bell's palsy, providing indirect evidence for its use in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and further evidence would be needed to directly support the claim that Methylprednisolone alone treats Bell's palsy." -8568939,Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis,1286,"Treatment with methylprednisolone for myasthenia gravis was associated with a marked decrease in both biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption without any changes in endogenous cAMP and serum levels of calcium, PTH, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with methylprednisolone for myasthenia gravis was associated with a marked decrease in both biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption without any changes in endogenous cAMP and serum levels of calcium, PTH, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone treatment on various biochemical markers in patients with myasthenia gravis but does not provide any information about the treatment efficacy in terms of symptom improvement or resolution of myasthenia gravis. + Therefore, although there is indirect support for methylprednisolone treating CTS based on injections being used as an intervention for symptom relief, further investigation is required to establish whether meth" +8083160,Methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia,1295,"After a course of high-dose methylprednisolone therapy with a diagnosis of Evans syndrome, complete response for thrombocytopenia and partial response for anemia was achieved.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After a course of high-dose methylprednisolone therapy with a diagnosis of Evans syndrome, complete response for thrombocytopenia and partial response for anemia was achieved.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia (a condition characterized by low platelet count). The key term here is ""indirect support."" The statement describes a case where a patient diagnosed with Evans syndrome (a rare autoimmune disorder often associated with thrombocytopenia) received high-dose methylprednisolone therapy and achieved a complete response for thrombocytopenia. This suggests that methylprednisolone may have contributed to the improvement in thrombocytopenia symptoms in this specific case. - To clarify, indirect support for the claim ""Methylprednisolone treats myasthenia gravis"" would require evidence showing that methylprednisolone therapy results in improvements in myasthenia gravis symptoms or related physiological measures. The provided statement only discusses changes in specific laboratory values (biochemical markers of bone formation and resorption) without addressing clinical outcomes related to myasthenia gravis. + However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. While it appears that methylprednisolone may have played a role in treating thrombocytopenia in this instance, we cannot definitively conclude that methylprednisolone is solely responsible for the improvement without further investigation into potential confounding factors (e.g., other treatments administered concurrently, spontaneous remission rates for Evans syndrome). - Therefore, while methylprednisolone may have an impact on certain physiological processes in myasthenia gravis patients (as evidenced by changes in these markers), it does not necessarily imply that it is an effective treatment for myasthenia gravis itself based on the available information in the statement." -8562694,Methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos,1287,PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen euthyroid patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone during 6 months and followed-up for 24-48 months by clinical and ophthalmological assessment.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fourteen euthyroid patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone during 6 months and followed-up for 24-48 months by clinical and ophthalmological assessment.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats endocrine exophthalmos (a symptom of Graves' ophthalmopathy). The study mentions that 14 patients with severe Graves' ophthalmopathy were treated with high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone for 6 months and followed up for 24-48 months via clinical and ophthalmological assessment. + Additionally, it is worth noting that while there is some evidence suggesting corticosteroids like methylprednisolone can be effective" +8063034,Methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis,1296,We describe a 44-year-old man with Wegener's granulomatosis who was treated with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone and who subsequently developed bilateral CMVR.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe a 44-year-old man with Wegener's granulomatosis who was treated with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone and who subsequently developed bilateral CMVR.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The patient in question was diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis (a type of granulomatosis with polyangiitis) and was treated with methylprednisolone along with cyclophosphamide. This suggests that methylprednisolone is part of the treatment regimen for granulomatosis with polyangiitis. However, it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis on its own; therefore, the support is indirect. - However, it is important to note that while this study design suggests that methylprednisolone may be an effective treatment for endocrine exophthalmos in Graves' ophthalmopathy patients, it does not definitively prove causation between treatment and improvement in symptoms. A more rigorous randomized controlled trial would be needed to establish such causality conclusively. + The statement only implies that methylprednisolone is used in combination therapy for treating granulomatosis with polyangiitis. To establish direct support for the claim that ""methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis,"" there would need to be evidence showing that methylprednisolone alone is effective in treating granulomatosis with polyangiitis. - Additionally, it should be emphasized that any interpretation of these results should be made in consultation with relevant medical professionals who can assess individual patient needs and potential risks associated with methylprednisolone treatment." -8503951,Methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis,1288,The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of unfractionated heparin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in comparison with methylprednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The current study evaluated the efficacy and safety of unfractionated heparin in the treatment of ulcerative colitis in comparison with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats ulcerative colitis."" The study in question is comparing unfractionated heparin treatment for ulcerative colitis with methylprednisolone treatment. The fact that methylprednisolone is being used as a comparison group implies that it has some efficacy in treating ulcerative colitis; otherwise, it would not be a suitable comparator in the study design. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy, as more extensive clinical trials and additional evidence would be required to make such a claim conclusively." -8464737,Methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder,1289,"Post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy were treated with hemodialysis, methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and prednisone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy were treated with hemodialysis, methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide and prednisone.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats kidney disorder"". The reason is that methylprednisolone is listed among the treatments given to a patient suffering from post partum acute renal failure and type IV lupus nephropathy. This implies that methylprednisolone was used as part of the treatment regimen for these kidney disorders, thus lending credence to the idea that methylprednisolone can be used to treat kidney disorders. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference, as the statement does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone was used specifically to treat the kidney disorders. Other factors, such as the patient's overall health status or other concurrent conditions, could also have influenced the decision to use methylprednisolone. Therefore, while this statement does provide some support for the claim, it does not definitively prove it." -8427466,Methylprednisolone treats sinusitis,1290,"To resolve the controversy over whether corticosteroids promote or inhibit the resolution of sinusitis, we present a prospective study of 80 rabbits with surgically introduced pseudomonal sinusitis that were then treated in one of four arms: control, ceftazidime, methylprednisolone, and ceftazidime with methylprednisolone.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats sinusitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To resolve the controversy over whether corticosteroids promote or inhibit the resolution of sinusitis, we present a prospective study of 80 rabbits with surgically introduced pseudomonal sinusitis that were then treated in one of four arms: control, ceftazidime, methylprednisolone, and ceftazidime with methylprednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement does provide evidence that supports methylprednisolone as a treatment for sinusitis in rabbits under specific conditions (surgically introduced pseudomonal sinusitis). However, it does not explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats sinusitis in humans or in all forms of sinusitis. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim based on this study, it is not direct or conclusive evidence that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for sinusitis in all cases." -8330903,Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus,1291,MAIN RESULTS: We found no randomised controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for the treatment of neuropsychiatric involvement in the systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MAIN RESULTS: We found no randomised controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for the treatment of neuropsychiatric involvement in the systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats systemic lupus erythematosus."" The statement is from a systematic review examining randomized controlled trials comparing cyclophosphamide versus methylprednisolone for treating neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The absence of trials comparing these two treatments does not imply that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for SLE on its own. + Nonetheless, it is important to note that many treatments for complex diseases like granulomatosis with polyangiitis often involve combination therapies due to their multifac" +8018847,Methylprednisolone treats Pain,1297,A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm.""?","Yes, the statement ""A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm"" does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats pain. - To provide indirect support for methylprednisolone as an effective treatment for SLE, there should be evidence showing methylprednisolone having beneficial effects on SLE patients compared to either a placebo group or another treatment in well-designed clinical trials. The statement provided only highlights that there is no direct comparison between cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone for treating neuropsychiatric involvement in SLE, which does not necessarily imply support for methylprednisolone as monotherapy for SLE treatment." -8291810,Methylprednisolone treats pneumonia,1292,High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""High-dose methylprednisolone was administered for treatment of the pneumonitis"" suggests that methylprednisolone was used as a treatment for an inflammatory condition of the lung, which is a type of pneumonia known as pneumonitis. However, it's important to note that this doesn't necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is a definitive treatment for all types of pneumonia. The efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating pneumonia would need to be evaluated in a controlled clinical trial setting." -8227578,Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,1293,"Additional antiinflammatory therapy, such as IV methylprednisolone and IV cyclophosphamide, may be helpful in treating persistent KD.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additional antiinflammatory therapy, such as IV methylprednisolone and IV cyclophosphamide, may be helpful in treating persistent KD.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome."" The statement suggests that IV methylprednisolone can be helpful in treating persistent Kawasaki Disease (KD), which is also known as mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. Therefore, it implies that methylprednisolone has some therapeutic effect on KD. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. It would require further investigation and direct clinical trials to confirm such a claim." -8095661,Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome,1294,Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Injection with methylprednisolone for carpal tunnel syndrome."" + The study mentioned is comparing two treatments for myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm, one of which is methylprednisolone. The fact that it is included in such a study suggests that it has been considered as a potential treatment for pain, thus providing indirect evidence for its efficacy in treating pain. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating pain, as the study is comparing it to another treatment and not testing it in isolation. Furthermore, even if methylprednisolone is found to be effective in treating pain in this context, it does not necessarily mean it will be effective for all types of pain. Therefore, while the statement does provide some level of support for the claim, it is not definitive proof." +7905007,Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis,1298,OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are variables linked to responsiveness to pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are variables linked to responsiveness to pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"". The objective of the study only mentions using pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS), but it does not specify which component of the therapy is responsible for any potential positive effects nor does it claim that methylprednisolone treats MS. Therefore, based on this information alone, we cannot infer any relationship between methylprednisolone and treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis." +7853881,Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis,1299,Oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids as compared with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids as compared with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.""?","No, the statement ""Oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids as compared with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis."" In fact, it suggests that methylprednisolone may be less effective than oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids in treating rheumatoid arthritis since it is administered in pulses rather than as a continuous treatment. - - The statement suggests that methylprednisolone is used as an injectable treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in medicine due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. CTS is primarily caused by compression of the median nerve at the wrist leading to inflammation in the carpal tunnel area. By reducing inflammation in the carpal tunnel space, methylprednisolone can help alleviate symptoms associated with CTS such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers. + The study referenced by this statement appears to be comparing two different treatment methods for rheumatoid arthritis - oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids (GCs) versus intravenous methylprednisolone pulses - rather than comparing methylprednisolone against a placebo or no treatment condition. Therefore, it does not provide evidence that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for rheumatoid arthritis on its own. - - While the statement does not explicitly claim that methylprednisolone treats CTS, it implies that methylprednisolone injections can be used as part of the treatment regimen for CTS patients due to its anti-inflammatory effects. This indirectly supports the notion that methylprednisolone can help manage CTS" -8083160,Methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia,1295,"After a course of high-dose methylprednisolone therapy with a diagnosis of Evans syndrome, complete response for thrombocytopenia and partial response for anemia was achieved.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After a course of high-dose methylprednisolone therapy with a diagnosis of Evans syndrome, complete response for thrombocytopenia and partial response for anemia was achieved.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats thrombocytopenia"". The case describes a patient diagnosed with Evans syndrome who received high-dose methylprednisolone therapy and subsequently achieved a complete response for thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). Thrombocytopenia is one of the primary symptoms of Evans syndrome; thus, improvement in thrombocytopenia suggests that methylprednisolone had a positive impact on this symptom. However, it is essential to acknowledge that thrombocytopenia improvement does not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone is solely responsible for treating thrombocytopenia in all cases of Evans syndrome. Further studies would be required for definitive conclusions regarding methylprednisolone as an effective treatment for thrombocytopenia in various medical contexts." -8063034,Methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis,1296,We describe a 44-year-old man with Wegener's granulomatosis who was treated with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone and who subsequently developed bilateral CMVR.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe a 44-year-old man with Wegener's granulomatosis who was treated with cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone and who subsequently developed bilateral CMVR.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The patient in question was diagnosed with Wegener's granulomatosis (a type of granulomatosis with polyangiitis) and was treated with methylprednisolone along with cyclophosphamide. This suggests that methylprednisolone is part of the treatment regimen for granulomatosis with polyangiitis, even though it doesn't explicitly state that methylprednisolone treats the condition. However, it should be noted that correlation does not imply causation, so further evidence would be needed to definitively state that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for granulomatosis with polyangiitis." -8018847,Methylprednisolone treats Pain,1297,A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm.""?","Yes, the statement ""A comparative trial of botulinum toxin type A and methylprednisolone for the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm"" does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats pain. + It is important to note that methylprednisolone is a type" +7827490,Methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis,1300,CONCLUSIONS: The ONTT has led to a dramatic reduction in the use of oral prednisone without a preceding course of intravenous methylprednisolone in the treatment of acute optic neuritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The ONTT has led to a dramatic reduction in the use of oral prednisone without a preceding course of intravenous methylprednisolone in the treatment of acute optic neuritis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis. The ONTT (Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial) concluded that there was a significant reduction in the use of oral prednisone without first administering intravenous methylprednisolone in treating acute optic neuritis. This suggests that methylprednisolone is likely more effective than oral prednisone in treating optic neuritis, thus supporting the claim that methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis. However, it is important to note that this conclusion is based on an indirect comparison derived from a trial design that primarily focused on comparing oral prednisone alone versus oral prednisone combined with intravenous methylprednisolone in treating optic neuritis. A direct comparison of methylprednisolone versus no treatment would provide stronger support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis." +7808987,Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,1301,CONCLUSION: A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP."" - The study mentioned is comparing two treatments for myofascial pain syndrome and pain from chronic muscle spasm. The fact that methylprednisolone is included in this study suggests that it has been considered as a potential treatment for pain in these conditions. This implies that there is some basis for believing that methylprednisolone could have an effect on pain, otherwise it would not be included in such a study. + The conclusion is derived from a study where high-dose methylprednisolone was used as an initial treatment for ITP (Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura), which is a type of autoimmune thrombocytopenia (low platelet count). The study supports the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in treating ITP, providing an indirect link between methylprednisolone treatment and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura as ITP is one of its subtypes. - However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The statement only tells us that methylprednisolone is being compared as a potential treatment for pain in specific conditions. It does not provide direct evidence of its efficacy in treating pain. Further investigation, including reviewing the results of the study, would be needed to make stronger conclusions about methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating pain." -7905007,Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis,1298,OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are variables linked to responsiveness to pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To determine if there are variables linked to responsiveness to pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"". The objective of the study only mentions using pulse cyclophosphamide/methylprednisolone therapy in progressive MS, but it does not specify which component of the therapy is responsible for any potential positive effects nor does it claim that methylprednisolone treats chronic progressive MS. Therefore, based on this information alone, we cannot infer any relationship between methylprednisolone and treatment of chronic progressive multiple sclerosis." -7853881,Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis,1299,Oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids as compared with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids as compared with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement in question compares oral low-dose glucocorticosteroids with intravenous methylprednisolone pulses in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This comparison implies that both treatments are effective for rheumatoid arthritis, but it does not specifically endorse methylprednisolone as a standalone treatment. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the efficacy of methylprednisolone in treating rheumatoid arthritis on its own." -7827490,Methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis,1300,CONCLUSIONS: The ONTT has led to a dramatic reduction in the use of oral prednisone without a preceding course of intravenous methylprednisolone in the treatment of acute optic neuritis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The ONTT has led to a dramatic reduction in the use of oral prednisone without a preceding course of intravenous methylprednisolone in the treatment of acute optic neuritis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats optic neuritis. The ONTT (Optic Neuritis Treatment Trial) concluded that there was a significant reduction in oral prednisone use without first administering intravenous methylprednisolone for acute optic neuritis treatment. This suggests that methylprednisolone is likely an effective treatment for optic neuritis, as its use is associated with reduced oral prednisone usage, which may imply that methylprednisolone provides better outcomes than oral prednisone alone in treating optic neuritis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on associated treatment patterns rather than direct causal evidence of methylprednisolone's effectiveness in treating optic neuritis. Further studies would be required for more definitive conclusions regarding methylprednisolone as an optic neuritis treatment." -7808987,Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,1301,CONCLUSION: A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP.""?","Yes, the statement ""A short intravenous course of high-dose methylprednisolone is effective as initial treatment of adults with ITP"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)"". + However, it is essential to note that further investigation is required for more direct evidence of methylprednisolone efficacy in treating other types of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura since ITP is only one form of thrombocytopenic purpura among many" +7700869,Methylprednisolone treats Edema,1302,"Lipid peroxidation and oedema in experimental brain injury: comparison of treatment with methylprednisolone, tirilazad mesylate and vitamin E.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lipid peroxidation and oedema in experimental brain injury: comparison of treatment with methylprednisolone, tirilazad mesylate and vitamin E.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that Methylprednisolone treats Edema. The study mentioned compares various treatments for edema in experimental brain injury, one of which is Methylprednisolone. The fact that it is included in such a study suggests that there is some basis for considering Methylprednisolone as a potential treatment for edema. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The study would need to be thoroughly reviewed for its methodology, sample size, statistical analysis, etc., before making any definitive conclusions about Methylprednisolone as an effective treatment for edema." +7668594,Methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis,1303,The same determinations were repeated on plasma and on CSF samples that were collected after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The same determinations were repeated on plasma and on CSF samples that were collected after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis (MS). The key phrase here is ""after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP)."" This implies that methylprednisolone was administered as a treatment for MS patients, which aligns with the claim that methylprednisolone treats MS. - The conclusion of the study suggests that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for ITP in adults when administered intravenously in high doses as an initial treatment. Autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized by low platelet counts due to autoantibodies that destroy platelets; hence it is also known as ITP. Therefore, if methylprednisolone is effective in treating ITP as suggested by the study, it can be inferred that methylprednisolone indeed treats autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. + However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for the claim, it does not directly prove that methylprednisolone treats MS. The statement only indicates that methylprednisolone was used in treatment of MS patients; it does not provide any information about the efficacy of that treatment. To make a more definitive conclusion about the effectiveness of methylprednisolone in treating MS, additional information about patient outcomes would be necessary." +7649490,Methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia,1304,"Neutropenic infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), cyclosporin A (CSA), and methylprednisolone (MP).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neutropenic infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), cyclosporin A (CSA), and methylprednisolone (MP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia. The key phrase here is ""and methylprednisolone (MP)"". This implies that methylprednisolone is one of the treatments for aplastic anemia in combination with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) and cyclosporin A (CSA). - However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura in all cases" -7700869,Methylprednisolone treats Edema,1302,"Lipid peroxidation and oedema in experimental brain injury: comparison of treatment with methylprednisolone, tirilazad mesylate and vitamin E.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lipid peroxidation and oedema in experimental brain injury: comparison of treatment with methylprednisolone, tirilazad mesylate and vitamin E.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The study mentioned investigates the effects of Methylprednisolone on edema in experimental brain injury. The fact that such a study exists implies that there is some basis for considering Methylprednisolone as a potential treatment for edema. However, it doesn't provide direct evidence of Methylprednisolone treating edema; rather it suggests that researchers have investigated its potential in this area. It is crucial to review the full study for detailed results and conclusions before making any definitive statements about its efficacy." -7668594,Methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis,1303,The same determinations were repeated on plasma and on CSF samples that were collected after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The same determinations were repeated on plasma and on CSF samples that were collected after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats multiple sclerosis (MS). The key phrase here is ""after the MS patients had ended a six-day treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone (MP)."" This implies that methylprednisolone was administered as a treatment for MS patients, which aligns with the claim that methylprednisolone treats MS. + However, it's important to note that the statement does not explicitly say that methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia on its own. It suggests that methylprednisolone is part of a treatment regimen for managing complications (neutropenic infections) associated with aplastic anemia treatment. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is indirect and limited in scope. - - However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating MS. It only indicates that it was used in treatment, not whether it had any beneficial effects. To establish direct support for the claim, we would need additional information about the outcomes of the treatment, such as whether it led to improvements in patients' symptoms or slowed disease progression. + Furthermore, it is crucial to consider that treatment efficacy can vary among individuals due to factors such as disease severity, patient health status, and potential side effects of the treatment. Therefore, while methylprednisolone may be part of a treatment regimen for aplastic anemia, it does not necessarily mean it will" +7552935,Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation,1305,Methylprednisolone treatment resulted in the greatest reduction in the inflammatory cell infiltrate but the numbers of infected neurons did not increase concomitantly.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone treatment resulted in the greatest reduction in the inflammatory cell infiltrate but the numbers of infected neurons did not increase concomitantly.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation"". The statement implies that Methylprednisolone treatment led to a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltrate, which is a marker of inflammation. Therefore, it suggests that Methylprednisolone has an anti-inflammatory effect. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one specific experiment and may not necessarily generalize to all contexts or conditions. It would be more robust to consider multiple lines of evidence before making definitive conclusions about the efficacy of Methylprednisolone in treating inflammation." +7483648,Methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,1306,Severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome with shock and ARDS resulting from Still's disease: clinical response with high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome with shock and ARDS resulting from Still's disease: clinical response with high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The statement describes a case where high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy was used to treat a patient with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with shock and ARDS resulting from Still's disease. This suggests that methylprednisolone may have contributed to the management of ARDS in this specific context. + + However, it is important to note that ARDS can have various causes, and methylprednisolone may not be universally effective in all cases. The statement does not provide direct evidence of methylprednisolone's efficacy in treating ARDS from other causes unrelated to Still's disease. Moreover, corticosteroids like methylprednisolone have potential side effects that should be carefully considered when making treatment decisions. + In summary, while the statement offers some support for the use of methylprednisolone in treating ARDS associated with Still's disease, it does not conclusively establish that methylprednisolone is an effective treatment for all cases of adult AR" +7432980,Methylprednisolone treats myelodysplastic syndrome,1307,Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and myelodysplasia treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and antihistamines.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myelodysplastic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and myelodysplasia treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and antihistamines.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that statement because methylprednisolone was used in treating myelodysplasia associated with eosinophilic fasciitis and autoimmune thyroid disease in this case study. However, it is important to note that myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not exactly the same as eosinophilic fasciitis associated with myelodysplasia (MFMD). MDS is a group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis (blood cell production) in the bone marrow leading to cytopenia (reduced counts of one or more types of blood cells), while eosinophilic fasciitis is an inflammatory condition affecting fascia (connective tissue beneath the skin) that can be associated with myelodysplasia but is not identical to it. Therefore, while methylprednisolone may be an effective treatment for some cases of MFMD, further evidence is needed specifically addressing MDS before making definitive conclusions about its efficacy in treating MDS alone." +16097513,Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis,1308,Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli."" This is because osteomyelitis is an inflammatory condition affecting bone marrow caused by bacterial infection (NIH, 2021). If Cefotaxime is effective against chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli (a type of bacteria), then it can be inferred that Cefotaxime indeed treats osteomyelitis in specific cases where gram-negative bacilli are responsible for causing the infection. However, it is essential to note that osteomyelitis can also be caused by other types of bacteria (such as gram-positive bacteria), for which Cefotaxime may not be an effective treatment option (CDC, 2019). + + References: - Furthermore, it should be emphasized that medical treatments should be based on rigorous clinical trials and evidence-based medicine principles, rather than individual statements or observations. Therefore, while this statement does provide some level of support for the claim, it should not be used as definitive proof of methylprednisolone'" -7649490,Methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia,1304,"Neutropenic infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), cyclosporin A (CSA), and methylprednisolone (MP).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neutropenic infections are the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG), cyclosporin A (CSA), and methylprednisolone (MP).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats aplastic anemia."" The statement suggests that methylprednisolone (MP) is used in combination with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) and cyclosporin A (CSA) for treating aplastic anemia (AA). While it does not explicitly state that MP treats AA on its own, it implies that MP is part of an effective treatment regimen for AA-related neutropenic infections, which cause significant morbidity and mortality in AA patients undergoing treatment. - - However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, it is possible that MP is being used as part of an effective treatment regimen without necessarily treating AA itself. Further investigation would be required for more direct evidence regarding MP's specific effects on AA." -7552935,Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation,1305,Methylprednisolone treatment resulted in the greatest reduction in the inflammatory cell infiltrate but the numbers of infected neurons did not increase concomitantly.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone treatment resulted in the greatest reduction in the inflammatory cell infiltrate but the numbers of infected neurons did not increase concomitantly.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats Inflammation"". The statement suggests that Methylprednisolone treatment led to a reduction in inflammatory cell infiltrate, which is a biological marker of inflammation. Therefore, it can be inferred that Methylprednisolone has an anti-inflammatory effect, thus treating inflammation. However, it's important to note that this conclusion is based on a single statement and further evidence would be needed for a more definitive conclusion." -7483648,Methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,1306,Severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome with shock and ARDS resulting from Still's disease: clinical response with high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome with shock and ARDS resulting from Still's disease: clinical response with high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats adult acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)"". The statement discusses a case where high-dose pulse methylprednisolone therapy was used to treat a severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that led to ARDS in a patient with Still's disease. This suggests that methylprednisolone can be an effective treatment for ARDS in certain contexts, such as when it is caused by SIRS related to Still's disease. However, it does not provide direct evidence that methylprednisolone is effective in treating all cases of adult ARDS, as ARDS can have various causes and patient responses can vary." -7432980,Methylprednisolone treats myelodysplastic syndrome,1307,Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and myelodysplasia treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and antihistamines.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone treats myelodysplastic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and myelodysplasia treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and antihistamines.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Eosinophilic fasciitis associated with autoimmune thyroid disease and myelodysplasia treated with pulsed methylprednisolone and antihistamines."" This statement suggests that methylprednisolone has been used effectively in treating myelodysplasia (a type of myelodysplastic syndrome) in combination with other treatments like antihistamines in patients who also have eosinophilic fasciitis and autoimmune thyroid disease. However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone was not used alone in treating myelodysplasia in this case; therefore, its isolated effect on myelodysplastic syndrome cannot be definitively concluded based on this statement alone." -16097513,Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis,1308,Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats osteomyelitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Cefotaxime in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis caused by gram-negative bacilli."" This is because osteomyelitis is an inflammation of bone marrow, often caused by bacterial infections including those from gram-negative bacilli. Therefore, if Cefotaxime is effective against gram-negative bacilli causing osteomyelitis, it can be inferred that Cefotaxime indeed treats osteomyelitis in such cases. However, it is important to note that osteomyelitis can also be caused by other types of bacteria, so Cefotaxime may not be effective in all cases of osteomyelitis." -15119078,Cefotaxime treats peritonitis,1309,Aztreonam and cefotaxime were compared in 44 cirrhotic patients who had 52 episodes of gram-negative spontaneous peritonitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aztreonam and cefotaxime were compared in 44 cirrhotic patients who had 52 episodes of gram-negative spontaneous peritonitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that ""Cefotaxime treats peritonitis."" The statement provides evidence that cefotaxime was used in a study involving patients with gram-negative spontaneous peritonitis, which is a form of peritonitis. The fact that it was used in a clinical setting suggests that it is considered a viable treatment option for this condition. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not provide direct evidence of cefotaxime's efficacy in treating peritonitis. For a more definitive conclusion, we would need data on the outcomes of the treatment, such as whether the patients recovered from their infections after being treated with cefotaxime." -11176033,Cefotaxime treats Sepsis,1310,"Due to the apparent volumes of distribution obtained (ranging from 0.48 to 0.51 L/kg), considering the overall clinical efficacy obtained (90% for the 10 mg/kg dose and 75% for the 20 mg/kg dose), and due to the rapid improvement observed after a few doses of the drug (1.8 to 2.5 doses to 'clinical improvement'), it is safe to postulate such doses of cefotaxime as excellent choices for the treatment of septicaemia in dogs.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Due to the apparent volumes of distribution obtained (ranging from 0.48 to 0.51 L/kg), considering the overall clinical efficacy obtained (90% for the 10 mg/kg dose and 75% for the 20 mg/kg dose), and due to the rapid improvement observed after a few doses of the drug (1.8 to 2.5 doses to 'clinical improvement'), it is safe to postulate such doses of cefotaxime as excellent choices for the treatment of septicaemia in dogs.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats Sepsis."" The statement suggests that cefotaxime is clinically effective in treating septicaemia (a synonym for sepsis) in dogs at specific doses (10 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg). The observed rapid improvement after just a few doses strengthens this inference. However, it is important to note that direct causation cannot be inferred from this single statement alone; further evidence from controlled clinical trials would be necessary for more definitive conclusions about cefotaxime's efficacy in treating sepsis in dogs." -8153267,Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1311,These results suggest that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is an effective alternative to cefotaxime for the empirical treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results suggest that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is an effective alternative to cefotaxime for the empirical treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease."" The provided statement suggests that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid can be an effective alternative to cefotaxime in treating bacterial infections in cirrhosis patients specifically. This implies that both cefotaxime and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid have efficacy in treating bacterial infections; however, it does not confirm that cefotaxime itself treats bacterial infectious disease in general populations without cirrhosis. - - To further clarify, let us consider some aspects of antibiotic therapy and clinical trial design. Antibiotics like cefotaxime have indications for use based on extensive clinical trials involving various patient populations. The statement given here refers to a specific subset of patients (those with cirrhosis), which may have different outcomes than other populations due to factors like altered drug metabolism or immune function. - - Therefore, it is important not to overgeneralize these results when interpreting their implications for cefotaxime's effectiveness in treating bacterial infections outside of cir" -26980543,Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease,1312,"Most children had received prolonged and repeated courses of oral antimicrobials and/or home intravenous infusion of antimicrobials; 79% had been hospitalized for treatment of suspected LD or management of treatment complications, most notably drug-induced symptoms of gallbladder disease occurring in patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin), and bloodstream infections associated with intravenous catheters.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Most children had received prolonged and repeated courses of oral antimicrobials and/or home intravenous infusion of antimicrobials; 79% had been hospitalized for treatment of suspected LD or management of treatment complications, most notably drug-induced symptoms of gallbladder disease occurring in patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin), and bloodstream infections associated with intravenous catheters.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease (LD). The passage discusses complications associated with prolonged and repeated courses of antimicrobials in children suspected of having LD, including those receiving Ceftriaxone intravenously. The text highlights adverse effects such as gallbladder disease symptoms and bloodstream infections due to intravenous catheters in these patients. It does not provide evidence that Ceftriaxone is an effective treatment for Lyme disease nor does it establish a causal relationship between Ceftriaxone administration and resolution of Lyme disease symptoms." -26401802,Ceftriaxone treats Sepsis,1313,"Clinical study of Rocephin, a 3d generation cephalosporin, in various septicaemias.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical study of Rocephin, a 3d generation cephalosporin, in various septicaemias.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement mentions that Rocephin, which is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic (the same class as Ceftriaxone), has been studied in various septicaemias (a term often used interchangeably with sepsis). This suggests that Ceftriaxone could potentially be used for treating sepsis as well, given their similarities in terms of antibiotic class and mechanism of action. However, it is important to note that direct clinical evidence specifically involving Ceftriaxone and sepsis would provide stronger support for the claim." -18413392,Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia,1314,"The objectives of this open, prospective, randomized and comparative study were to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (active ingredient of Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treatment of bacterial pneumoniae.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objectives of this open, prospective, randomized and comparative study were to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (active ingredient of Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treatment of bacterial pneumoniae.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia."" The study mentioned in the statement is designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (the active ingredient in Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treating bacterial pneumonia. This implies that ceftriaxone is being used as a treatment for bacterial pneumonia in the context of this study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The results of the study would need to be analyzed to determine whether ceftriaxone is indeed an effective treatment for bacterial pneumonia." + - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2019). Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection). Retrieved from https://www.cd" +15119078,Cefotaxime treats peritonitis,1309,Aztreonam and cefotaxime were compared in 44 cirrhotic patients who had 52 episodes of gram-negative spontaneous peritonitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aztreonam and cefotaxime were compared in 44 cirrhotic patients who had 52 episodes of gram-negative spontaneous peritonitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement mentions that cefotaxime was used in a study involving patients with peritonitis caused by gram-negative bacteria, which is a common cause of peritonitis. Therefore, it suggests that cefotaxime is being used in the context of treating peritonitis, even though the statement does not explicitly state that cefotaxime treats peritonitis. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of cefotaxime's efficacy in treating peritonitis, as the statement does not provide information about the outcomes of the treatment." +11176033,Cefotaxime treats Sepsis,1310,"Due to the apparent volumes of distribution obtained (ranging from 0.48 to 0.51 L/kg), considering the overall clinical efficacy obtained (90% for the 10 mg/kg dose and 75% for the 20 mg/kg dose), and due to the rapid improvement observed after a few doses of the drug (1.8 to 2.5 doses to 'clinical improvement'), it is safe to postulate such doses of cefotaxime as excellent choices for the treatment of septicaemia in dogs.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Due to the apparent volumes of distribution obtained (ranging from 0.48 to 0.51 L/kg), considering the overall clinical efficacy obtained (90% for the 10 mg/kg dose and 75% for the 20 mg/kg dose), and due to the rapid improvement observed after a few doses of the drug (1.8 to 2.5 doses to 'clinical improvement'), it is safe to postulate such doses of cefotaxime as excellent choices for the treatment of septicaemia in dogs.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats Sepsis"" in dogs. The statement suggests that cefotaxime has been observed to have clinical efficacy in treating septicaemia (a synonym for sepsis) in dogs, with 90% of dogs improving after administration of a 10 mg/kg dose and 75% improving after administration of a 20 mg/kg dose. Furthermore, improvements were observed after just 1.8 to 2.5 doses, indicating rapid improvement. The volumes of distribution obtained also fall within an acceptable range for effective drug distribution in dogs. However, it is important to note that while this statement suggests cefotaxime is an effective treatment for sepsis in dogs, it does not constitute definitive proof as it is based on observational data rather than a controlled clinical trial." +8153267,Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease,1311,These results suggest that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is an effective alternative to cefotaxime for the empirical treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results suggest that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid is an effective alternative to cefotaxime for the empirical treatment of bacterial infections in cirrhosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease."" The provided statement suggests that amoxicillin-clavulanic acid can be an effective alternative to cefotaxime in treating bacterial infections in cirrhosis patients specifically. This does not imply that cefotaxime is ineffective in treating bacterial infections; rather, it presents an alternative option for a particular patient population. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence or support for the general claim that cefotaxime treats bacterial infectious disease." +26980543,Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease,1312,"Most children had received prolonged and repeated courses of oral antimicrobials and/or home intravenous infusion of antimicrobials; 79% had been hospitalized for treatment of suspected LD or management of treatment complications, most notably drug-induced symptoms of gallbladder disease occurring in patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin), and bloodstream infections associated with intravenous catheters.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Most children had received prolonged and repeated courses of oral antimicrobials and/or home intravenous infusion of antimicrobials; 79% had been hospitalized for treatment of suspected LD or management of treatment complications, most notably drug-induced symptoms of gallbladder disease occurring in patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin), and bloodstream infections associated with intravenous catheters.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ceftriaxone treats Lyme disease (LD). The passage discusses complications associated with prolonged and repeated courses of antimicrobials in children suspected of having Lyme disease, including those receiving Ceftriaxone (Rocephin). The text highlights adverse effects such as gallbladder disease symptoms and bloodstream infections related to intravenous catheters in these patients. It does not provide evidence that Ceftriaxone is an effective treatment for Lyme disease itself. + + The misconception might arise from conflating correlation with causation; just because Ceftriaxone is mentioned in relation to Lyme disease treatment does not imply that it is an effective treatment for Lyme disease. The text focuses on complications associated with antimicrobial treatments rather than their therapeutic efficacy against Lyme disease. + + It is essential to base medical decisions on rigorous clinical trials that establish both safety and efficacy rather than relying on anecdotal evidence or indirect associations found in observational studies." +26401802,Ceftriaxone treats Sepsis,1313,"Clinical study of Rocephin, a 3d generation cephalosporin, in various septicaemias.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical study of Rocephin, a 3d generation cephalosporin, in various septicaemias.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats Sepsis"" from the statement ""Clinical study of Rocephin, a 3rd generation cephalosporin, in various septicaemias."" This is because Ceftriaxone is also a 3rd generation cephalosporin and is commonly used in treating sepsis due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative organisms that commonly cause sepsis. Rocephin is another name for Ceftriaxone. However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support, it does not constitute direct evidence that Ceftriaxone is effective in treating sepsis. A more specific study focusing on Ceftriaxone would be required for that level of certainty." +18413392,Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia,1314,"The objectives of this open, prospective, randomized and comparative study were to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (active ingredient of Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treatment of bacterial pneumoniae.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objectives of this open, prospective, randomized and comparative study were to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (active ingredient of Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treatment of bacterial pneumoniae.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ceftriaxone treats bacterial pneumonia."" The study mentioned in the statement is designed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous ceftriaxone (the active ingredient in Rocephin) and cefotaxime in treating bacterial pneumonia. This implies that ceftriaxone is being used as a treatment option for bacterial pneumonia in the context of this study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The results of the study would need to be analyzed to determine whether ceftriaxone is indeed an effective treatment for bacterial pneumonia." 25810060,Gefarnate treats gastric ulcer,1315,Clinical trial of Gefarnate in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate treats gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of Gefarnate in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Gefarnate treats gastric ulcer"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of Gefarnate in the treatment of gastric ulcer disease."" - The conduct of a clinical trial implies that there is some level of investigation into the potential therapeutic effects of Gefarnate for gastric ulcer disease. This suggests that there is a biological rationale for testing Gefarnate as a treatment for gastric ulcers, which in turn implies that Gefarnate may have some impact on gastric ulceration. + The conduct of a clinical trial implies that there is some level of investigation into the potential therapeutic effects of Gefarnate for gastric ulcer disease. This suggests that there is a biological rationale for testing Gefarnate as a treatment for gastric ulcers, which may include preclinical studies demonstrating efficacy in animal models of gastric ulceration. - However, it is important to note that a clinical trial does not necessarily confirm that Gefarnate treats gastric ulcers. The results of the trial could be positive, negative, or inconclusive. Even if the trial shows positive results, further studies would be needed to confirm and understand the mechanisms of Gefarnate's action on gastric ulcers before it could be definitively stated that Gefarnate treats gastric ulcers. + However, it is important to note that while an individual clinical trial may support the potential utility of Gefarnate for treating gastric ulcers, definitive conclusions would require evaluation of all available evidence from multiple trials, including assessment of trial quality, consistency of results across studies, and potential sources of bias that may influence outcomes. - Therefore, while the statement does provide some level of support for the idea that Gefarnate may treat gastric ulcers, it does not confirm this definitively." -25784688,Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer,1316,[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate]."" This is because the title suggests that there is a study or analysis being conducted on the treatment of duodenal ulcers using gefarnate. However, it is important to note that direct support would require more specific information about the outcomes of that treatment. Indirect support comes from the context of the statement, which implies that gefarnate is being used in some capacity to treat duodenal ulcers. To confirm this claim, one would need to review the full text of the study or paper to assess whether gefarnate was indeed found to be an effective treatment for duodenal ulcers." -19702373,Gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease,1317,"One hundred and thirty-nine patients with endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal) entered a double blind comparative evaluation of alprazolam (1.2 mg/day), gefarnate (300 mg/day) and their combination in treatment of peptic ulcer.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One hundred and thirty-nine patients with endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal) entered a double blind comparative evaluation of alprazolam (1.2 mg/day), gefarnate (300 mg/day) and their combination in treatment of peptic ulcer.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease. The key phrase here is ""entered a double blind comparative evaluation of ... gefarnate (300 mg/day) ... in treatment of peptic ulcer."" This indicates that gefarnate was used in a clinical trial for the treatment of peptic ulcers, which suggests that it is being investigated for its potential therapeutic effects in this context. However, it's important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. A single clinical trial does not necessarily establish a treatment's efficacy, especially if it has not been replicated or published in a peer-reviewed journal. Therefore, further investigation would be needed to confirm gefarnate's effectiveness in treating peptic ulcer disease." -22023951,Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder,1318,CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder"" from the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients."" + In summary, while the statement does provide indirect support for Gefarnate as a treatment for gastric ulcers, definitive conclusions would require more extensive evaluation of all available evidence." +25784688,Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer,1316,[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Gefarnate treats duodenal ulcer"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinicobiological evolution of duodenal ulcer treated with gefarnate]."" - The statement suggests that Regadenoson is used in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) for Cardiac Nuclear Stress Testing (CPT) and Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MR MPI). These tests are used to evaluate coronary artery disorder by assessing blood flow to the heart muscle. As a vasodilator, Regadenoson works by dilating (widening) blood vessels, which improves blood flow and thus can help diagnose coronary artery disorders. However, it's important to note that while Regadenoson can help diagnose coronary artery disorders, it does not necessarily treat the disorder itself. The treatment would depend on the severity and nature of the disease, as determined by these diagnostic tests." -13297277,Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke,1319,A study is presented of the clinico-hemodynamic efficacy of mildronate in 38 patients with ischemic stroke.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A study is presented of the clinico-hemodynamic efficacy of mildronate in 38 patients with ischemic stroke.""?","No, the statement ""A study is presented of the clinico-hemodynamic efficacy of mildronate in 38 patients with ischemic stroke"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke"". + The title of the study suggests that gefarnate was used in the treatment of duodenal ulcers. While it does not explicitly state that gefarnate treats duodenal ulcers, the context implies that gefarnate was used as a therapeutic agent for duodenal ulcers in the study. Therefore, there is indirect support for the claim that gefarnate treats duodenal ulcers based on this statement. - The key reason for this is that Meldonium and Mildronate are not interchangeable terms. While they share a similar name and structure, they are distinct compounds with different therapeutic indications. Meldonium is an anti-ischemic drug primarily used in heart disease, while Mildronate is used for indications such as cardiovascular disorders and physical performance enhancement. + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. To establish that gefarnate treats duodenal ulcers conclusively, one would need to examine the study methods, results, and conclusions in detail. This would involve assessing whether the study was well-designed, appropriately controlled, adequately powered, and free from bias, among other factors. Only then could one draw firm conclusions about the effectiveness of gefarnate for treating duodenal ulcers based on this study." +19702373,Gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease,1317,"One hundred and thirty-nine patients with endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal) entered a double blind comparative evaluation of alprazolam (1.2 mg/day), gefarnate (300 mg/day) and their combination in treatment of peptic ulcer.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One hundred and thirty-nine patients with endoscopically confirmed peptic ulcers (gastric and duodenal) entered a double blind comparative evaluation of alprazolam (1.2 mg/day), gefarnate (300 mg/day) and their combination in treatment of peptic ulcer.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that gefarnate treats peptic ulcer disease. The reason is that the patients in the study were diagnosed with peptic ulcers and were given gefarnate as part of their treatment regimen in a double-blind comparative evaluation. This implies that there is some basis for believing that gefarnate may be an effective treatment for peptic ulcers, even though it does not explicitly prove that gefarnate is solely responsible for treating peptic ulcers in these patients. - Furthermore, even if we were to assume that Mildronate and Meldonium were identical compounds, the statement only mentions that a study was conducted on its clinico-hemodynamic efficacy in patients with ischemic stroke. It does not provide any information on whether Mildronate actually treats ischemic stroke, nor does it report any significant improvements in patient outcomes as a result of its use. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer any causal relationship between Mildronate (or M" -25624167,Neobiotic treats pneumonia,1320,Use of neomycin for treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of neomycin for treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that neomycin is used in treating pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that neobiotic (which is a class of antibiotics that includes neomycin) is specifically used for pneumonia treatment in general. It does imply that neomycin can be effective against certain types of pneumonia, thus providing indirect support for the idea that ""Neobiotic treats pneumonia."" But remember, antibiotics should only be used under veterinary supervision and misuse can lead to antibiotic resistance." -11022701,Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1321,Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" from the statement ""Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin."" + However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation. The fact that gefarnate was administered as part of treatment does not automatically mean that it was solely responsible for treating peptic ulcers in these patients. Other factors such as lifestyle changes, concomitant medications, and individual patient characteristics may have contributed to the treatment outcome as well. - The statement indicates that Proteus bacteremia (a type of blood poisoning caused by Proteus bacteria) was treated with neomycin, which is indeed an antibiotic (a type of neobiotic). The term ""sepsis"" is often used interchangeably with bacteremia in clinical contexts, although technically they have slightly different meanings (sepsis refers to the body's response to infection rather than infection itself). + Additionally, it is crucial that any conclusions drawn from this study be considered preliminary until further research is conducted. A single study is rarely sufficient to establish definitive evidence of treatment efficacy in medical science. Further studies should be conducted in order to confirm these initial findings before any definitive conclusions can be drawn about gefarnate as" +22023951,Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder,1318,CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Regadenoson treats coronary artery disorder"" from the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson may be a safe vasodilator for CTP and MR MPI in CAD patients."" - Furthermore, osteomyelitis is an infectious disease affecting bone tissue; in this case, it occurs in the cervical vertebrae due to complications from a urinary tract infection (another type of bacterial infectious disease). The use of neomycin in treating Proteus bacteremia could be seen as evidence that neomycin can be used to treat bacterial infectious diseases associated with sepsis. + The statement suggests that Regadenoson is used as a vasodilator in Cardiac Transplant Perfusion (CTP) and Magnetic Resonance Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (MR MPI) in patients with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). A vasodilator is a substance that widens blood vessels and improves blood flow. Coronary artery disorder refers to diseases that affect the coronary arteries, often leading to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. By acting as a vasodilator in CAD patients, Regadenoson could potentially improve blood flow in the coronary arteries, which may help alleviate symptoms of coronary artery disorder. - However, it" -24398401,BLINATUMOMAB treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1322,Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement that ""BLINATUMOMAB treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" based on the provided reference ""Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy."" + However, it is essential to note that while there is indirect support for Regadenoson treating coronary artery disorder based on its use as a vasodilator in CAD patients," +13297277,Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke,1319,A study is presented of the clinico-hemodynamic efficacy of mildronate in 38 patients with ischemic stroke.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A study is presented of the clinico-hemodynamic efficacy of mildronate in 38 patients with ischemic stroke.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Meldonium treats Ischemic stroke."" The study refers to ""mildronate,"" which is another name for meldonium. However, even though it discusses its clinico-hemodynamic efficacy in patients with ischemic stroke, it does not explicitly state that meldonium treats ischemic stroke. The study might suggest potential benefits of meldonium in treating ischemic stroke symptoms; however, further investigation would be required for definitive conclusions about its therapeutic efficacy in treating ischemic stroke." +25624167,Neobiotic treats pneumonia,1320,Use of neomycin for treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of neomycin for treatment of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in foals.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that neomycin is used in treating pneumonia caused by Rhodococcus equi in foals. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that neobiotic (which could be a brand name for neomycin or a related compound) would be equally effective for all types of pneumonia. The specificity of the statement indicates that further research would be needed to determine the efficacy of neobiotic for treating pneumonia in general." +11022701,Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1321,Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" from the statement ""Osteomyelitis of the cervical vertebras as a complication of urinary tract disease; Proteus bacteremia treated with neomycin."" + + The statement indicates that Proteus bacteremia (a type of bacterial infection in the bloodstream) was treated with neomycin, which is indeed an antibiotic (a type of neobiotic). The presence of sepsis is not explicitly stated in the given information; however, bacteremia can lead to sepsis if left untreated. Therefore, it can be inferred that neomycin was used to treat a bacterial infectious disease (Proteus bacteremia) that has the potential to progress to sepsis. - Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody construct that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of relapsed/refractory B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in adults and children. The study in question investigates the effects of Blinatumomab on pediatric B-cell precursor ALL, not B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). + However, it is essential to note that while there is some level of support for the statement based on the provided evidence, it remains an indirect association due to the lack of explicit mention of sepsis in the original statement. Additionally, it is always crucial to consider other factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, potential side effects, and resistance when interpreting antib" +24398401,BLINATUMOMAB treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1322,Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that Blinatumomab treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) based on the statement ""Lineage Conversion in Pediatric B-Cell Precursor Acute Leukemia under Blinatumomab Therapy."" - Although B-CLL is distinct from ALL in terms of pathophysiology, epidemiology, and treatment modalities, both fall under the broader category of hematological malignancies affecting B-cells. The fact that Blinatumomab" -23073290,BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma,1323,"We report on the Australian experience of blinatumomab for treatment of 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics, resulting in a minimal residual disease (MRD) response rate of 58%, 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 39% and 2-year overall survival of 63%.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report on the Australian experience of blinatumomab for treatment of 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics, resulting in a minimal residual disease (MRD) response rate of 58%, 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 39% and 2-year overall survival of 63%.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"". The report details a study conducted on 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics who were treated with blinatumomab. The results showed that 58% of these patients achieved minimal residual disease (MRD) response, and there were 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates of 39% and 63%, respectively. These positive outcomes suggest that blinatumomab is an effective treatment option for precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphoma (B-ALL), thus supporting the claim that blinatumomab treats B-ALL. However, it is important to note that these results should be interpreted within the context of the study limitations, such as the small sample size" -21932754,BLINATUMOMAB treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1324,"Blinatumomab for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The First Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibody to Be Approved by the EMA for Minimal Residual Disease.On November 15, 2018, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended the extension of indication for blinatumomab to include the treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blinatumomab for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The First Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibody to Be Approved by the EMA for Minimal Residual Disease.On November 15, 2018, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended the extension of indication for blinatumomab to include the treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"". The Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommending the extension of indication for blinatumomab to include treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) suggests that blinatumomab is an effective treatment for ALL patients who have minimal residual disease. This implies that blinatumomab can help treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia by targeting minimal residual disease in patients. + Blinatumomab is a bispecific T-cell engager (BiTE) antibody construct that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for treating minimal residual disease (MRD) in patients with B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). The study mentioned supports Blinatumomab's efficacy in treating B-ALL by demonstrating lineage conversion in pediatric patients undergoing Blinatumomab therapy. - However, it is important to note that ""treats"" in this context may not necessarily mean that blinatumomab cures ALL but rather that it is an approved medication for managing symptoms and potentially prolonging survival in ALL patients with MRD. Further studies would be required to establish whether blinatumomab can entirely eliminate ALL in patients or if it only" -21720587,BLINATUMOMAB treats lymphoma,1325,"Cytokine storm was reported in four patients (19%).In conclusion, treatment with blinatumomab is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial stetting.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cytokine storm was reported in four patients (19%).In conclusion, treatment with blinatumomab is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial stetting.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion that blinatumomab treatment is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial setting suggests that it has positive outcomes for lymphoma patients. However, it is important to note that ""lymphoma"" is not explicitly mentioned in the statement; instead, it refers to B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), which is a type of lymphoma. Therefore, while there is support for blinatumomab treating B-ALL (a type of lymphoma), it does not explicitly confirm that blinatumomab treats all forms of lymphoma." + Although B-CLL is a distinct type of leukemia from B-ALL, both originate from B-cells in different stages of development. The fact that Blinatumomab can impact B-cell lineage in one type of leukemia suggests it might" +23073290,BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma,1323,"We report on the Australian experience of blinatumomab for treatment of 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics, resulting in a minimal residual disease (MRD) response rate of 58%, 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 39% and 2-year overall survival of 63%.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report on the Australian experience of blinatumomab for treatment of 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics, resulting in a minimal residual disease (MRD) response rate of 58%, 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) of 39% and 2-year overall survival of 63%.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"". The report details a study conducted on 24 children with relapsed/refractory precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and high-risk genetics who were treated with blinatumomab. The results indicate that 58% of these patients achieved minimal residual disease (MRD) response, and 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival rates were 39% and 63%, respectively. These positive outcomes suggest that blinatumomab has therapeutic efficacy in treating precursor B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia-lymphoma (B-ALL). However, it is important to note that further studies would be required to establish more definitive evidence of blinatumomab's effectiveness in treating B-ALL." +21932754,BLINATUMOMAB treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia,1324,"Blinatumomab for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The First Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibody to Be Approved by the EMA for Minimal Residual Disease.On November 15, 2018, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended the extension of indication for blinatumomab to include the treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blinatumomab for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: The First Bispecific T-Cell Engager Antibody to Be Approved by the EMA for Minimal Residual Disease.On November 15, 2018, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) recommended the extension of indication for blinatumomab to include the treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Blinatumomab treats acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The statement indicates that Blinatumomab has been approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for the treatment of adults with minimal residual disease (MRD) positive B-cell precursor ALL. This implies that Blinatumomab is an effective treatment for ALL, at least in cases where minimal residual disease is present. Therefore, it can be inferred that Blinatumomab plays a role in treating ALL, even though the statement does not explicitly say so. However, it is important to note that the approval by EMA is based on clinical trials and other evidence not provided in this statement, which would need to be evaluated for a more direct support of the claim." +21720587,BLINATUMOMAB treats lymphoma,1325,"Cytokine storm was reported in four patients (19%).In conclusion, treatment with blinatumomab is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial stetting.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cytokine storm was reported in four patients (19%).In conclusion, treatment with blinatumomab is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial stetting.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion that blinatumomab is effective and tolerable in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL outside of a clinical trial setting suggests that it has positive effects on treating lymphoma, given that B-ALL (B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia) is a type of lymphoma. However, it is important to note that ""effective"" in this context refers specifically to its performance in adult patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL, not necessarily all types of lymphoma. Additionally, while cytokine storm was reported in some patients, it was not stated that blinatumomab caused these occurrences; they could have been side effects of other treatments or conditions. Therefore, although limited, there is indirect support for the claim that blinatumomab treats lymphoma based on the provided statement." 9387116,Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase,1326,"UNLABELLED: Ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic drug, binds to DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase of various bacteria.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""UNLABELLED: Ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic drug, binds to DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase of various bacteria.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""UNLABELLED: Ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic drug, binds to DNA topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase of various bacteria."" - The key term here is ""binds,"" which implies a physical interaction between Ciprofloxacin and DNA gyrase. DNA gyrase is an enzyme that introduces negative supercoils into DNA during replication; it is a type of DNA topoisomerase (specifically type II). Quinolone antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin work by inhibiting DNA gyrase (or DNA topoisomerase IV), thereby preventing DNA replication in bacteria. This inhibition is achieved through binding to these enzymes. Therefore, while the original statement does not explicitly say that Ciprofloxacin interacts with DNA gyrase, it does imply such an interaction through the use of the term ""binds.""" + The key term here is ""binds,"" which implies some form of physical interaction between Ciprofloxacin and DNA gyrase. This interaction is crucial for the antibiotic activity of Ciprofloxacin as it inhibits the function of DNA gyrase, thereby interfering with bacterial DNA replication and transcription processes. Therefore, based on the information provided in the statement, it is reasonable to infer that Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase." 8212496,Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase,1327,Topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase were purified from a ciprofloxacin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae strain and from two clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae with high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin by means of a gene cloning method in Escherichia coli.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase were purified from a ciprofloxacin-sensitive Streptococcus pneumoniae strain and from two clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae with high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin by means of a gene cloning method in Escherichia coli.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin physically interacts with DNA Gyrase."" The key term here is indirect support. The statement mentions that both topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase were purified from both ciprofloxacin-sensitive and ciprofloxacin-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae using gene cloning methods in Escherichia coli. - Ciprofloxacin is known to be an inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination (1). The fact that both sensitive and resistant strains of S. pneumoniae have these enzymes implies that ciprofloxacin might be interacting physically with these enzymes in some capacity in order to exert its antibacterial effects. + Ciprofloxacin is known to be an inhibitor of bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, which are essential for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination (Drlica et al., 1994). The fact that both sensitive and resistant strains of S. pneumoniae have these enzymes implies that ciprofloxacin could be interacting physically with DNA gyrase in these strains, as it is known to target these enzymes in other bacterial species as well. - However, it is important to note that while this statement does provide some level of indirect support for the physical interaction between cip" -7781719,Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase,1328,"The concentrations of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, or ofloxacin required to inhibit wild-type topoisomerase IV were 8 to 16 times lower than those required to inhibit wild-type DNA gyrase.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The concentrations of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, or ofloxacin required to inhibit wild-type topoisomerase IV were 8 to 16 times lower than those required to inhibit wild-type DNA gyrase.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"". The statement indicates that ciprofloxacin is one of the drugs that inhibits wild-type topoisomerase IV at lower concentrations than those required to inhibit wild-type DNA gyrase. This suggests that ciprofloxacin has an effect on DNA gyrase, but it does so at higher concentrations compared to topoisomerase IV. Therefore, while the statement doesn't directly prove that ciprofloxacin affects DNA gyrase, it does provide indirect evidence supporting this claim." -18400322,Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase,1329,Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition.""?","Yes, the statement ""Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase."" + However, it is important to note that" +7781719,Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase,1328,"The concentrations of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, or ofloxacin required to inhibit wild-type topoisomerase IV were 8 to 16 times lower than those required to inhibit wild-type DNA gyrase.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The concentrations of ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, or ofloxacin required to inhibit wild-type topoisomerase IV were 8 to 16 times lower than those required to inhibit wild-type DNA gyrase.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"". The statement suggests that ciprofloxacin has an effect on topoisomerase IV, another type of enzyme involved in DNA replication. Topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase belong to the same family of enzymes known as type II topoisomerases. They have similar structures and functions but differ in their preferred substrates and roles in bacterial cells. DNA gyrase is primarily responsible for introducing negative supercoils into DNA, while topoisomerase IV is involved in DNA decatenation and relaxation of supercoiled DNA. - The reason is that if QnrB1 is protecting DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition, it implies that ciprofloxacin has an effect on DNA gyrase in the first place. This is because QnrB1 is known to bind to DNA gyrase and protect it from inhibition by fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin (Drlica et al., 2008). Therefore, the statement suggests that ciprofloxacin targets DNA gyrase as part of its mechanism of action, providing indirect evidence for the phrase in question. + The fact that ciprofloxacin inhibits topoisomerase IV at lower concentrations than those required to inhibit DNA gyrase implies that ciprofloxacin has some level of interaction with DNA gyrase as well, albeit at higher concentrations. This is because these enzymes share similar structures and mechanisms of action, making it likely that ciprofloxacin would interact with both enzymes in related ways. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer" +18400322,Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase,1329,Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition.""?","Yes, the statement ""Plasmid-encoded protein QnrB1 protects DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin affects DNA Gyrase."" - Drlica K, Li Z, Hujer AM, Nguyen TN, Hooper DC (2008). Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in bacteria. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 52(" -24010235,Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis,1330,"Thirty four patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 500 mg ciprofloxacin twice daily, orally, for ten days.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thirty four patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 500 mg ciprofloxacin twice daily, orally, for ten days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis."" The study mentions that 34 patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with Ciprofloxacin for ten days, which suggests that Ciprofloxacin was used as a treatment for these patients experiencing chronic bronchitis exacerbations. However, it is important to note that treating acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is not equivalent to treating chronic bronchitis itself; thus, while there is some support for Ciprofloxacin being used in chronic bronchitis treatment, it does not necessarily imply that it is a definitive treatment for chronic bronchitis itself. + The indirect support lies in the fact that if QnrB1 is protecting DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition, it implies that ciprofloxacin has an effect on DNA gyrase in the first place. This is because QnrB1 is known to bind to DNA gyrase and prevent ciprofloxacin from interacting with its target site on DNA gyrase (Hooper & Jacoby, 2015). Therefore, if QnrB1 were not effective in protecting DNA gyrase from ciprofloxacin inhibition, it would suggest that ciprofloxacin does not affect DNA gyrase. - Furthermore, antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin are typically used for treating bacterial infections; hence, their utility in treating chronic bronchitis would depend on whether the specific case is caused by bacterial pathogens sensitive to Ciprofloxacin. It is also crucial to consider potential side effects, antibiotic resistance development, and alternative treatment options when interpreting such" -22484062,Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,1331,"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of two approved drugs, Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib, as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of two approved drugs, Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib, as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis."" The objective you provided is focused on evaluating the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This statement implies that researchers are investigating whether these two drugs together may have an effect on ALS, not necessarily that Ciprofloxacin alone is an effective treatment for ALS. Therefore, it does not lend support to the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats ALS on its own." -21488232,Ciprofloxacin treats Infection,1332,Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis .The development of new antitubercular agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an urgent priority.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis .The development of new antitubercular agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an urgent priority.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The development of new antitubercular agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an urgent priority."" + However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect evidence for ciprofloxacin affecting DNA gyrase, it does not necessarily imply that ciprof" +24010235,Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis,1330,"Thirty four patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 500 mg ciprofloxacin twice daily, orally, for ten days.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thirty four patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with 500 mg ciprofloxacin twice daily, orally, for ten days.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic bronchitis."" The study mentions that 34 patients with acute purulent exacerbations of chronic bronchitis were treated with Ciprofloxacin for ten days, which suggests that Ciprofloxacin was used as a treatment for these patients experiencing chronic bronchitis exacerbations. However, it is important to note that treating acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis is not equivalent to treating chronic bronchitis itself, as acute exacerbations can be triggered by various factors such as bacterial infections, viral infections, or environmental factors. Therefore, while there is some support for Ciprofloxacin being used in treating chronic bronchitis patients during exacerbations, it does not necessarily mean that Ciprofloxacin can cure chronic bronchitis or prevent future exacerbations. Further studies would be required to establish such conclusions." +22484062,Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,1331,"OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of two approved drugs, Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib, as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of two approved drugs, Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib, as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats amyotrophic lateral sclerosis."" The objective you provided is focused on evaluating the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of Ciprofloxacin and Celecoxib as a potential therapeutic treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This statement implies that researchers are investigating whether these two drugs together may have an effect on ALS, not specifically Ciprofloxacin alone. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence or indication that Ciprofloxacin treats ALS on its own." +21488232,Ciprofloxacin treats Infection,1332,Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis .The development of new antitubercular agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an urgent priority.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis .The development of new antitubercular agents for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an urgent priority.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Noncytotoxic Pyrrolobenzodiazepine-Ciprofloxacin Conjugate with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis."" The phrase ""with Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis"" suggests that Ciprofloxacin has antimicrobial properties against this specific bacterium, which is a causative agent of infection. However, it is important to note that this statement does not explicitly claim that Ciprofloxacin treats infections; it only implies that it may have the potential to do so by acting against the infectious agent. - The statement suggests that Ciprofloxacin is used in conjunction with Pyrrolobenzodiazepine to create a new antitubercular agent. This implies that Ciprofloxacin has some inherent antimicrobial properties that make it suitable for treating infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Therefore, it can be inferred that Ciprofloxacin does indeed treat infections, albeit indirectly from the provided statement. + The nuance here lies in the fact that while Ciprofloxacin may have activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, its effectiveness in treating tuberculosis infections would depend on various factors such as its bioavailability at the site of infection, its ability to penetrate bacterial biofilms, potential development of resistance, and its safety profile in humans when used for extended periods. Therefore, while there is indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxac" +20040173,Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma,1333,Antibacterial prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin for patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation: a quasi-experimental single-centre before-after study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Antibacterial prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin for patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation: a quasi-experimental single-centre before-after study.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The study mentioned is investigating the use of ciprofloxacin for antibacterial prophylaxis in patients undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation, specifically those with multiple myeloma and lymphoma. The purpose of administering ciprofloxacin in this context is to prevent bacterial infections during transplantation rather than treating lymphoma itself. Therefore, there is no indirect support for ciprofloxacin as a treatment for lymphoma in this study." +19067853,Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1334,A case of septic arthritis caused by a Mycoplasma salivarium strain resistant towards Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A case of septic arthritis caused by a Mycoplasma salivarium strain resistant towards Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). - However, it is important to note that Ciprofloxacin is not typically used as a first-line treatment for tubercul" -20040173,Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma,1333,Antibacterial prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin for patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation: a quasi-experimental single-centre before-after study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Antibacterial prophylaxis with ciprofloxacin for patients with multiple myeloma and lymphoma undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation: a quasi-experimental single-centre before-after study.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats lymphoma"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The study mentioned is investigating the use of ciprofloxacin for antibacterial prophylaxis in patients undergoing autologous haematopoietic cell transplantation, specifically those with multiple myeloma and lymphoma. This does not imply that ciprofloxacin has any direct therapeutic effect on lymphoma itself; rather, it suggests that ciprofloxacin may help prevent bacterial infections in these patients during transplantation procedures." -19067853,Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,1334,A case of septic arthritis caused by a Mycoplasma salivarium strain resistant towards Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A case of septic arthritis caused by a Mycoplasma salivarium strain resistant towards Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement describes a case of septic arthritis in a patient with chronic lymphatic leukemia (B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of chronic lymphatic leukemia), where the infecting Mycoplasma salivarium strain was resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin. This suggests that Ciprofloxacin was ineffective against the bacterial infection in this patient, not that it had any impact on the patient's leukemia. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia." -14572951,Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder,1335,Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement ""Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly."" + The statement describes a case of septic arthritis in a patient with B-CLL, caused by a Mycoplasma salivarium strain resistant to Ciprofloxacin and Clarithromycin. This information indicates that Ciprofloxacin was ineffective against the Mycoplasma salivarium strain in this particular case, which is contrary to the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats B-CLL. - The statement provides evidence that a combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime has a positive effect on hearing loss; however, it does not specifically attribute this effect solely to ciprofloxacin. Therefore, we cannot infer that ciprofloxacin alone is responsible for treating hearing loss disorder based on this information. Further investigation and studies focusing on ciprofloxacin monotherapy would be required for more definitive evidence of its impact on hearing loss disorder treatment." -14398199,Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis,1336,"CASE SUMMARY: A 24-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of convulsions, severe myopathy, and acute renal failure after taking ciprofloxacin for sinusitis, and urinary tract infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE SUMMARY: A 24-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of convulsions, severe myopathy, and acute renal failure after taking ciprofloxacin for sinusitis, and urinary tract infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis."" In fact, it suggests potential adverse effects associated with ciprofloxacin use in treating sinusitis for this particular patient. + Furthermore, B-CLL is a type of cancer that affects B-cells, a type of white blood cell, and it is not typically treated with antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin. Instead, treatments often include chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplantation. - The case summary describes an individual who experienced severe side effects after taking ciprofloxacin for both sinusitis and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Although ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic commonly prescribed for sinusitis as well as UTIs, it is crucial to recognize that an adverse reaction in one patient does not negate its potential therapeutic benefits in other patients. + Therefore, based on both the specifics of the case described and the general understanding of B-CLL treatment, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that" +14572951,Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder,1335,Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats hearing loss disorder"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement ""Treatment with ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime improved the hearing loss significantly."" - However, in terms of supporting the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis,"" this case summary does not offer any evidence because it focuses on complications rather than therapeutic success in treating sinusitis with ciprofloxacin. + + The statement provides evidence that a combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime has been successful in treating hearing loss in a specific context. However, it does not necessarily follow that ciprofloxacin alone is responsible for treating hearing loss disorder. The observed improvement could be due to ceftazidime, synergistic effects of both drugs, or other uncontrolled factors in the study setting. Therefore, attributing the positive outcome solely to ciprofloxacin would be an overinterpretation of the evidence provided in the statement. - It is essential to consider that antibiotics like ciprofloxacin can have side effects in some patients; thus, their use should be carefully monitored by healthcare professionals. This case" -14311974,Ciprofloxacin treats liver abscess (disease),1337,Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses treated successfully with meropenem and ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats liver abscess (disease)"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses treated successfully with meropenem and ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses treated successfully with meropenem and ciprofloxacin."" This implies that ciprofloxacin was effective in treating hepatic abscesses caused by Chromobacterium violaceum when used in combination with meropenem. However, it does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin alone treats liver abscesses (disease). It is important to note that antibiotics often work in synergy, and the effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in treating liver abscesses caused by other pathogens may vary. Therefore, while there is some indirect support for the claim, it is not unequivocal evidence that ciprofloxacin is an effective monotherapy for liver abscesses caused by any pathogen." -14284683,Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis,1338,"A patient is reported who had previously maintained a stable prothrombin time on Coumadin for 5 years, and who exhibited a marked prolongation of prothrombin time when placed on ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A patient is reported who had previously maintained a stable prothrombin time on Coumadin for 5 years, and who exhibited a marked prolongation of prothrombin time when placed on ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis."" The statement describes an incident where a patient on Coumadin developed a prolonged prothrombin time after being administered Ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis. However, it does not suggest that Ciprofloxacin has any therapeutic effect on gastroenteritis. In fact, it implies that Ciprofloxacin may interact negatively with Coumadin, leading to potential complications in patients on anticoagulation therapy." -14141218,Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1339,"Doxorubicin and docetaxel, two standard antineoplastic agents in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) therapy and ciprofloxacin were evaluated singly and in several simultaneous and sequential drug combination schemes, against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Doxorubicin and docetaxel, two standard antineoplastic agents in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) therapy and ciprofloxacin were evaluated singly and in several simultaneous and sequential drug combination schemes, against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma."" The statement only mentions that ciprofloxacin was evaluated along with other antineoplastic agents against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines, which are common models used in prostate cancer research. However, it does not provide any information about the results of these experiments or whether ciprofloxacin had any therapeutic effect on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Therefore, it is not possible to make any conclusions about the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in treating castration-resistant prostate carcinoma based on this statement alone." -14005051,Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia,1340,"Results of combination therapy with amifostine, pentoxifylline, ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of combination therapy with amifostine, pentoxifylline, ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. The statement mentions ciprofloxacin as part of a combination therapy for myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, but it does not specify that ciprofloxacin alone is effective in treating acute myeloid leukemia. Therefore, the statement only provides indirect support at best, as it suggests a potential role for ciprofloxacin in leukemia treatment within a broader therapeutic context, but it does not confirm that ciprofloxacin is an independent treatment for acute myeloid leukemia." + + To establish indirect support for ciprofloxacin treating hearing loss disorder specifically, additional evidence would be required that demonstrates its effectiveness in comparison to other treatments, in different contexts, and against various forms of hearing loss disorder. This would help establish ciprofloxacin as an independent treatment for hearing loss disorder" +14398199,Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis,1336,"CASE SUMMARY: A 24-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of convulsions, severe myopathy, and acute renal failure after taking ciprofloxacin for sinusitis, and urinary tract infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CASE SUMMARY: A 24-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of convulsions, severe myopathy, and acute renal failure after taking ciprofloxacin for sinusitis, and urinary tract infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats sinusitis."" In fact, it suggests potential adverse effects associated with ciprofloxacin use in treating sinusitis for this particular patient. The case summary describes a patient who experienced severe side effects after taking ciprofloxacin for sinusitis and urinary tract infections. This information indicates that while ciprofloxacin may be used to treat sinusitis, it can also lead to serious complications in some individuals. Therefore, it does not support the claim that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for sinusitis. Instead, it emphasizes the importance of monitoring patients for potential adverse reactions when prescribing antibiotics like ciprofloxacin." +14311974,Ciprofloxacin treats liver abscess (disease),1337,Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses treated successfully with meropenem and ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats liver abscess (disease)"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses treated successfully with meropenem and ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that Ciprofloxacin treats liver abscesses (disease). The provided statement mentions Ciprofloxacin being used in conjunction with Meropenem to successfully treat Chromobacterium violaceum endocarditis and hepatic abscesses. This implies that Ciprofloxacin was effective in treating hepatic abscesses in this specific context. However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean that Ciprofloxacin alone can treat liver abscesses in all cases, as it was used in combination therapy in this instance. Additionally, further studies would be needed to confirm its efficacy as a monotherapy for liver abscesses." +14284683,Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis,1338,"A patient is reported who had previously maintained a stable prothrombin time on Coumadin for 5 years, and who exhibited a marked prolongation of prothrombin time when placed on ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A patient is reported who had previously maintained a stable prothrombin time on Coumadin for 5 years, and who exhibited a marked prolongation of prothrombin time when placed on ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats gastroenteritis."" The statement describes an incident where a patient on Coumadin developed a prolonged prothrombin time after being administered Ciprofloxacin for gastroenteritis. However, it does not suggest that Ciprofloxacin has any therapeutic effect on gastroenteritis. In fact, it implies that Ciprofloxacin may interact negatively with Coumadin, leading to potential complications in patients undergoing anticoagulation therapy." +14141218,Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,1339,"Doxorubicin and docetaxel, two standard antineoplastic agents in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) therapy and ciprofloxacin were evaluated singly and in several simultaneous and sequential drug combination schemes, against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Doxorubicin and docetaxel, two standard antineoplastic agents in hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) therapy and ciprofloxacin were evaluated singly and in several simultaneous and sequential drug combination schemes, against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats castration-resistant prostate carcinoma."" The statement only mentions that ciprofloxacin was evaluated along with other agents in vitro against PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines, which does not necessarily translate into clinical efficacy in treating castration-resistant prostate carcinoma in humans. In vitro studies do not account for factors such as pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, drug interactions, and toxicity that can significantly impact drug efficacy in vivo. Therefore, further investigation including in vivo studies and clinical trials would be required before making any conclusions about ciprofloxacin's potential therapeutic benefits in treating castration-resistant prostate carcinoma." +14005051,Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia,1340,"Results of combination therapy with amifostine, pentoxifylline, ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of combination therapy with amifostine, pentoxifylline, ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats acute myeloid leukemia"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. The statement mentions ciprofloxacin as part of a combination therapy used in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and acute myeloid leukemia, but it does not specify that ciprofloxacin alone is effective in treating acute myeloid leukemia. Therefore, the statement does not provide sufficient evidence to support the claim that ciprofloxacin is a treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. However, it is possible that ciprofloxacin could have some indirect role in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia as part of a combination therapy, but further investigation would be required to establish this conclusively." 13846017,Ciprofloxacin treats lung disorder,1341,High dose parenteral ciprofloxacin in pleuro-pulmonary disease: a comparative pharmacolinetics of 400 and 200 mg intravenous.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats lung disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High dose parenteral ciprofloxacin in pleuro-pulmonary disease: a comparative pharmacolinetics of 400 and 200 mg intravenous.""?","No, the statement ""High dose parenteral ciprofloxacin in pleuro-pulmonary disease: a comparative pharmacokinetics of 400 and 200 mg intravenous"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats lung disorder"". - The statement in question is a pharmacokinetics study that compares two different doses of Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously in pleuro-pulmonary disease patients. Pharmacokinetics refers to how a drug moves through the body, including its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. This information is crucial for determining appropriate dosages and administration routes but does not provide evidence that Ciprofloxacin is effective in treating lung disorders. + The study mentioned appears to be a pharmacokinetics study, which primarily focuses on how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body, rather than its therapeutic effects. The title indicates that it compares two different doses of intravenous Ciprofloxacin in pleuro-pulmonary disease but it does not provide information on whether Ciprofloxacin is effective in treating lung disorders. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats lung disorders. - To establish whether Ciprofloxacin treats lung disorders, we would need clinical evidence demonstrating its efficacy in treating such conditions, such as randomized controlled trials showing improved patient outcomes when administering Ciprofloxacin compared to placebo or standard of care treatments for lung disorders. Therefore, while this" -13663890,Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media,1342,[Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media."" The statement ""Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media"" discusses an adverse event during treatment of otitis media with ciprofloxacin but does not provide evidence that ciprofloxacin is effective in treating otitis media. + To establish whether Ciprofloxacin is effective in treating lung disorders, clinical trials that demonstrate its efficacy in treating specific lung disorders would be required. These trials would need to include control groups, randomization, and bl" +13663890,Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media,1342,[Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media."" The statement ""Pneumococcal meningitis during ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media"" discusses an adverse event (pneumococcal meningitis) that occurred during ciprofloxacin treatment for otitis media. This statement does not provide evidence that ciprofloxacin is effective in treating otitis media because it does not report on the outcomes of patients receiving ciprofloxacin therapy for otitis media (e.g., whether their symptoms improved). Instead, it highlights an unintended consequence of ciprofloxacin use in treating otitis media. - + To provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis media,"" one would need evidence suggesting that patients who received ciprofloxacin for otitis media experienced improvements in their symptoms compared to those who did not receive ciprofloxacin therapy. The statement provided does not contain such evidence; therefore, it does not support the claim that" +11840711,Ciprofloxacin treats cataract,1343,"CONCLUSIONS: Ofloxacin has higher corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants than ciprofloxacin, and would be a more appropriate prophylactic choice for canine cataract patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Ofloxacin has higher corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants than ciprofloxacin, and would be a more appropriate prophylactic choice for canine cataract patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats cataract."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about Ofloxacin being a more appropriate prophylactic choice for canine cataract patients due to its higher corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants compared to Ciprofloxacin. This statement discusses Ofloxacin's potential benefits in preventing infections in canine cataract patients but does not provide any evidence suggesting that Ciprofloxacin has any therapeutic effect on cataracts. - The statement describes pneumococcal meningitis as an observed complication during ciprofloxacin treatment for otitis media. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used primarily for treating infections caused by gram-negative bacteria; it has limited effectiveness against gram-positive bacteria like Streptococcus pneumoniae, which is often involved in otitis media infections (CDC 2019). + To further clarify, higher corneal penetration and antibacterial efficacy of Ofloxacin compared to Ciprofloxacin imply that Ofloxacin might be more effective in preventing ocular infections in canine cataract patients; however, it does not indicate that Ciprofloxacin has any impact on treating cataracts. Cataracts are primarily managed through surgical intervention rather than pharmacological treatments like antibiotics; therefore, it is crucial to different" +11684450,Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis,1344,Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial."" This is because the study compares two treatments for uncomplicated cystitis in women, one of which is Ciprofloxacin. The fact that Ciprofloxacin is included in such a trial implies that it is considered a viable treatment option for cystitis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The effectiveness of Ciprofloxacin in treating cystitis would need to be evaluated in the context of the specific study's results and design, as well as in relation to other relevant literature in the field." +11679354,Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection,1345,We used a simple Wood's light examination and culture to establish the diagnosis of Pseudomonas toe web infection and achieved rapid resolution with oral ciprofloxacin treatment and local application of Castellani's paint.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We used a simple Wood's light examination and culture to establish the diagnosis of Pseudomonas toe web infection and achieved rapid resolution with oral ciprofloxacin treatment and local application of Castellani's paint.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection"". The user's statement describes a case where a patient was diagnosed with a Pseudomonas toe web infection, which was then treated with oral ciprofloxacin and Castellani's paint. The fact that the infection was resolved suggests that the treatment was effective, thereby implying that ciprofloxacin can be used to treat Pseudomonas infections. However, it is important to note that this is an observational case report and does not provide direct evidence of causality between ciprofloxacin use and resolution of Pseudomonas infection. Further studies, such as randomized controlled trials, would be needed to establish a more robust evidence base for this claim." +11628762,Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis,1346,Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!"" - + The title of the study suggests that ciprofloxacin is being considered as an alternative treatment for endophthalmitis, which is an inflammation of the internal tissue of the eye. This implies that ciprofloxacin has some efficacy in treating endophthalmitis, even though it may not be the first-line treatment like ceftazidime and amikacin. However, it is important to note that this support is indirect and based on the title alone; the full study would need to be evaluated for more direct support." +11564697,Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1347,Reported here is the case of a patient with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in whom ciprofloxacin treatment of a lower respiratory tract infection failed subsequent to ciprofloxacin treatment of an exacerbation of COPD several weeks earlier.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reported here is the case of a patient with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in whom ciprofloxacin treatment of a lower respiratory tract infection failed subsequent to ciprofloxacin treatment of an exacerbation of COPD several weeks earlier.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)"". The statement actually suggests the opposite - that ciprofloxacin did not successfully treat the COPD exacerbation in this particular patient. The failure of ciprofloxacin treatment in this case does not imply that it is ineffective for treating COPD in general, but it does not provide evidence for its effectiveness either. + + The misinterpretation of such evidence can lead to incorrect conclusions about drug efficacy, which can have serious implications for patient care and public health. It is crucial to base medical decisions on robust clinical trials and evidence-based guidelines rather than anecdotal cases." +11304087,Ciprofloxacin treats eye infectious disorder,1348,This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin"" suggests that there is a model (PK-MB) that can help improve the treatment of eye infections using ciprofloxacin. This implies that ciprofloxacin is being used to treat eye infections in some capacity. However, it doesn't explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats eye infections disorder on its own. It could be part of a larger treatment plan or used in conjunction with other treatments. Therefore, while not direct, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats eye infectious disorder.""" +11059709,Ciprofloxacin treats abscess,1349,"The patient was asymptomatic for a month, but the abscess reactivated and was treated with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats abscess"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was asymptomatic for a month, but the abscess reactivated and was treated with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats abscess"". The patient had an abscess that was initially asymptomatic for a month but later reactivated. The reactivated abscess was treated with both Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin intravenously. The inclusion of Ciprofloxacin in the treatment regimen suggests that it was considered effective for treating the abscess, thus providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that Vancomycin was also used in combination with Ciprofloxacin, making it difficult to attribute the success of treatment solely to Ciprofloxacin without further information about each drug's specific effects on abscesses." +10087799,Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease,1350,"Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease"". - In fact, ciprofloxacin is not among the recommended antibiotics for treating otitis media according to current guidelines (Rosenfeld et al., 2013). The Infectious Diseases Society" -11840711,Ciprofloxacin treats cataract,1343,"CONCLUSIONS: Ofloxacin has higher corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants than ciprofloxacin, and would be a more appropriate prophylactic choice for canine cataract patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Ofloxacin has higher corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants than ciprofloxacin, and would be a more appropriate prophylactic choice for canine cataract patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cataract."" The conclusion is comparing two antibiotics, Ofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin, in terms of their corneal penetration and ability to exceed MIC90 of common ocular contaminants in canine cataract patients. It suggests that Ofloxacin might be a more appropriate prophylactic choice due to its superior properties in these aspects compared to Ciprofloxacin. However, it does not provide any information about Ciprofloxacin treating cataract. Cataract treatment typically involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens and its replacement with an artificial one, not antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin." -11684450,Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis,1344,Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Amoxicillin-clavulanate vs ciprofloxacin for the treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women: a randomized trial."" + The reason for this is that ciprofloxacin is listed as one of the fluoroquinolones that are widely used for treating bacterial infections. Fluoroquinolones are a class of antibiotics that work by killing or stopping the growth of bacteria. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that ciprofloxacin, as a member of this class of antibiotics, is used for treating bacterial infections. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports the claim indirectly, it does not constitute direct evidence that ciprofloxacin is used for treating bacterial infections in specific cases or under specific conditions. It simply confirms that ciprofloxacin is among the antibiotics used for treating bacterial in" +10013051,Ciprofloxacin treats plague,1351,There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats plague"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin.""?","No, the statement ""There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats plague."" In fact, it suggests the opposite - that there is no existing evidence that ciprofloxacin is effective in treating plague. This could be due to a number of reasons, such as ciprofloxacin not having been tested against plague, or it having been tested and found to be ineffective. Therefore, without further information or evidence, one cannot conclude that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for plague based on this statement alone." +10002223,Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection,1352,Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline."" This is because ciprofloxacin is listed as an option for both treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax infection, which implies that it is indeed effective against anthrax. However, it is important to note that while ciprofloxacin can be used to treat anthrax infections, it is not always the first-line treatment. Other factors such as potential side effects, antibiotic resistance, and patient allergies may influence the choice of antibiotic for anthrax treatment." +9704134,Ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis,1353,"He had severe airway obstruction and focal bronchiectasis, and responded to treatment with ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""He had severe airway obstruction and focal bronchiectasis, and responded to treatment with ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis"" based on the provided statement. The patient in question had bronchiectasis along with severe airway obstruction and responded positively to treatment involving ciprofloxacin in combination with clarithromycin. - The title of the study alone indicates that ciprofloxacin is being used as a treatment option for cystitis in women as part of a randomized trial comparing it against another antibiotic (amoxicillin-clavulanate). The fact that ciprofloxacin is being tested in such a trial implies that it has some biological plausibility as a treatment for cystitis, thus lending indirect support to the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystitis."" + Bronchiectasis is characterized by abnormal widening of bronchi due to chronic inflammation and infection in the airways. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that can be used for treating infections caused by certain bacteria that may contribute to bronchiectasis progression (Banerjee et al., 2015). Clarithromycin is another antibiotic that can help reduce inflammation in bronchiectasis (Altenburg et al., 2014). - However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; it simply suggests that further investigation is warranted based on some biological rationale for its use as treatment for cystitis. The results of the trial itself would be needed in order to draw any definitive conclusions about ciproflox" -11679354,Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection,1345,We used a simple Wood's light examination and culture to establish the diagnosis of Pseudomonas toe web infection and achieved rapid resolution with oral ciprofloxacin treatment and local application of Castellani's paint.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We used a simple Wood's light examination and culture to establish the diagnosis of Pseudomonas toe web infection and achieved rapid resolution with oral ciprofloxacin treatment and local application of Castellani's paint.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Pseudomonas infection"". The user's statement indicates that a patient was diagnosed with a Pseudomonas toe web infection, which was subsequently treated with oral ciprofloxacin. The fact that the treatment resulted in ""rapid resolution"" suggests that ciprofloxacin was effective against the Pseudomonas infection in this case. However, it is important to note that this is an anecdotal observation from a single case, and therefore does not provide definitive proof of ciprofloxacin's efficacy against Pseudomonas infections in general. Randomized controlled trials would be needed for that level of evidence. Furthermore, the statement does not provide information about potential side effects, resistance patterns, or other factors that could influence the use of ciprofloxacin for treating Pseudomonas infections." -11628762,Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis,1346,Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin in endophthalmitis: an alternative to ceftazidime and amikacin!"" + However, it is important to note that bronchiectasis is not caused by bacterial infections alone; it can also be caused by genetic factors, immune system deficiencies, or other conditions (Hansell et al., 2008). Therefore, while ciprofloxacin may" +9552171,Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa,1354,"The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of topical otic powder, tobramycin drops and ciprofloxacin drops in patients suffering from AEO.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of topical otic powder, tobramycin drops and ciprofloxacin drops in patients suffering from AEO.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa"" does receive indirect support from the provided statement. The study in question is comparing various treatments for Acute External Otitis (AEO), including ciprofloxacin drops. This implies that ciprofloxacin is being used as a treatment for otitis externa (the medical term for inflammation of the outer ear canal), which is what otitis externa refers to in the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa"". However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The study would need to be examined in more detail to confirm its results and implications for ciprofloxacin's effectiveness in treating otitis externa." +9504629,Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis,1355,Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?""?","No, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis"" does not receive indirect support from the title ""Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?"" - The title of the study suggests that ciprofloxacin is being considered as an alternative treatment for endophthalmitis, which is an inflammation of the internal tissue of the eye caused by bacterial infection. This implies that ciprofloxacin has some efficacy in treating endophthalmitis, even though it may not be the first-line treatment like ceftazidime and amikacin. Therefore, while this statement does not directly prove that ciprofloxacin treats endophthalmitis, it does provide indirect support for that claim by suggesting that ciprofloxacin has some therapeutic value in treating this condition." -11564697,Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1347,Reported here is the case of a patient with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in whom ciprofloxacin treatment of a lower respiratory tract infection failed subsequent to ciprofloxacin treatment of an exacerbation of COPD several weeks earlier.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reported here is the case of a patient with underlying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in whom ciprofloxacin treatment of a lower respiratory tract infection failed subsequent to ciprofloxacin treatment of an exacerbation of COPD several weeks earlier.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)"". In fact, it seems to suggest the opposite. The case report describes a patient with COPD who received ciprofloxacin treatment for lower respiratory tract infections on two separate occasions. However, the treatment failed during the second instance, suggesting that ciprofloxacin may not be effective in managing COPD exacerbations in some cases. This could imply that ciprofloxacin is not an ideal treatment for COPD itself; rather, it might be more appropriate for specific bacterial infections that can complicate COPD. Nonetheless, further studies would be required to make definitive conclusions about ciprofloxacin's effectiveness in treating COPD." -11304087,Ciprofloxacin treats eye infectious disorder,1348,This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""This PK-MB model may be very useful in optimizing treatments of various eye infections with ciprofloxacin"" suggests that there is an existing model (PK-MB) that can help improve the treatment of eye infections using Ciprofloxacin. This implies that Ciprofloxacin is being considered as a potential treatment for eye infections in this context. However, it does not explicitly state that Ciprofloxacin treats eye infections, but rather that it is being studied for its potential use in such treatments. Therefore, while not direct, there is indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats eye infections based on this statement." -11059709,Ciprofloxacin treats abscess,1349,"The patient was asymptomatic for a month, but the abscess reactivated and was treated with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats abscess"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was asymptomatic for a month, but the abscess reactivated and was treated with Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin administered intravenously.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats abscess"". The patient had an abscess that was initially asymptomatic for a month but later reactivated. The reactivated abscess was treated with both Vancomycin and Ciprofloxacin intravenously. This implies that Ciprofloxacin was used as part of the treatment regimen for the abscess, thereby providing indirect evidence that Ciprofloxacin can be used to treat abscesses. However, it should be noted that Vancomycin was also used in this treatment, suggesting that Ciprofloxacin may be used in conjunction with other antibiotics for abscess treatment. It is important to consider that antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin are often used to treat infections caused by certain types of bacteria, and their effectiveness can depend on the specific type of bacteria causing the infection. Therefore, while this statement does provide some support for the use of Ciprofloxacin in abscess treatment, it does not conclusively prove that Ciproflo" -10087799,Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease,1350,"Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease"". + While it is true that the title mentions Ciprofloxacin in relation to sepsis, it does not provide evidence that Ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for sepsis. The title is focused on pharmacokinetic profiles, which refers to how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in the body - not its therapeutic effects. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats sepsis. - The statement implies that ciprofloxacin is one of the fluoroquinolones used in treating bacterial infections. This suggests that ciprofloxacin has antibacterial properties that make it effective for treating such diseases. However, it is important to note that while ciprofloxacin can treat bacterial infections, its effectiveness depends on various factors including the type of bacteria causing the infection, the severity of the infection, and potential resistance of the bacteria to ciprofloxacin. Therefore, while there is indirect support for the claim, it is not an absolute confirmation that ciprofloxacin will always be effective in treating bacterial infections." -10013051,Ciprofloxacin treats plague,1351,There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats plague"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin.""?","No, the statement ""There are no previous reports of plague being successfully treated with ciprofloxacin"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats plague"". In fact, it suggests the opposite - that there is no documented evidence of ciprofloxacin being effective in treating plague. This could imply that further research is needed to determine whether ciprofloxacin has any therapeutic value in treating plague." -10002223,Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection,1352,Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats anthrax infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis for anthrax are ciprofloxacin or doxycycline."" This is because ciprofloxacin is listed as an option for both treatment and post-exposure prophylaxis of anthrax infections, which implies that it is an effective agent against anthrax. However, it is important to note that while ciprofloxacin can be used to treat anthrax infections, it may not always be the first-line treatment depending on the specific circumstances of the case (such as severity of symptoms, potential for resistance, etc.)." -9704134,Ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis,1353,"He had severe airway obstruction and focal bronchiectasis, and responded to treatment with ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""He had severe airway obstruction and focal bronchiectasis, and responded to treatment with ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats bronchiectasis, it does imply that ciprofloxacin was part of a successful treatment regimen for a patient with bronchiectasis. This suggests that ciprofloxacin may have contributed to improving the patient's condition, providing indirect support for the claim that ciprofloxacin can be used in the treatment of bronchiectasis. However, it is important to note that the patient also received clarithromycin, so it cannot be definitively concluded that ciprofloxacin alone was responsible for the positive outcome. Furthermore, this is based on a single case study, so more extensive research would be needed to confirm this finding and establish it as a general principle." -9552171,Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa,1354,"The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of topical otic powder, tobramycin drops and ciprofloxacin drops in patients suffering from AEO.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of topical otic powder, tobramycin drops and ciprofloxacin drops in patients suffering from AEO.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin treats otitis externa"" does receive indirect support from the provided statement. The study mentioned in the statement is focused on comparing the efficacy of various treatments for Acute Otitis Externa (AEO), one of which is Ciprofloxacin drops. The fact that Ciprofloxacin is included in such a study suggests that it is considered as a potential treatment for otitis externa. However, it should be noted that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The actual results of the study would need to be evaluated for more concrete evidence of Ciprofloxacin's effectiveness in treating otitis externa." -9504629,Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis,1355,Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?""?","No, the statement ""Ciprofloxacin treats Sepsis"" does not receive at least indirect support from the title ""Ciprofloxacin pharmacokinetic profiles in paediatric sepsis: how much ciprofloxacin is enough?"" + However, it is important to note that Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic often used to treat various bacterial infections, and sepsis can be caused by bacterial infections. But using an antibiotic to treat sepsis is not necessarily equivalent to treating sepsis itself, as sepsis is" +9281470,Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis,1356,The emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month were studied.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month were studied.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis."" The study mentioned in the statement is focused on the emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis who were treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month. This does not provide information about whether ciprofloxacin is effective in treating prostatitis; it only discusses potential side effects of treatment (the development of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli)." +8956827,Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection,1357,"Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections, peritonitis in CAPD, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and gall-bladder infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections, peritonitis in CAPD, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and gall-bladder infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections"". - The title of the study focuses on pharmacokinetic profiles of Ciprofloxacin in paediatric sepsis patients, which refers to how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted in these patients. The title does not provide information about the drug's efficacy in treating sepsis. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats sepsis. However, it might provide valuable information about the appropriate dosage of Ciprofloxacin in treating sepsis in paediatric patients if the study itself investigates this aspect." -9281470,Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis,1356,The emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month were studied.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month were studied.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats prostatitis."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the emergence and evolution of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in faeces of patients with prostatitis who were treated with high-dose oral ciprofloxacin for 1 month. This focus on antibiotic resistance and fecal Escherichia coli does not offer any evidence or implication that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for prostatitis." -8956827,Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection,1357,"Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections, peritonitis in CAPD, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and gall-bladder infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections, peritonitis in CAPD, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis and gall-bladder infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Abdominal Infection"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin is effective in the treatment of serious, non-self-limiting intra-abdominal infections."" + The term ""intra-abdominal infections"" encompasses infections within the abdominal cavity, which can include conditions such as peritonitis, appendicitis, cholecystitis, and other abdominal organ infections. Therefore, it can be inferred that Ciprofloxacin is indeed used for treating certain types of abdominal infections based on this information. However, it is important to note that Ciprofloxacin may not be effective for all types of abdominal infections, especially those that are self-limiting or not serious in nature. It is always best to consult primary literature or clinical guidelines for more specific information regarding drug indications and efficacy." +8754779,Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma,1358,We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin."" - The rationale behind this is that abdominal infections can be classified as intra-abdominal infections, which are specifically mentioned as being treatable by Ciprofloxacin in the provided statement. Therefore, it can be inferred that Ciprofloxacin is indeed used for treating certain types of abdominal infections. However, it is important to note that not all abdominal infections may be treatable by Ciprofloxacin, as it depends on the specific nature and severity of the infection." -8754779,Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma,1358,We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, the statement ""We report on a young patient with nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved resolution after treatment with oral ciprofloxacin"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats rhinoscleroma."" This is because it describes a case where a patient with rhinoscleroma was treated with ciprofloxacin and experienced resolution of their symptoms. However, it's important to note that this is only one case report. A single case does not equate to definitive proof of treatment efficacy. More rigorous studies, such as randomized controlled trials, would be needed to confirm that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for rhinoscleroma." -8350437,Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis,1359,Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?"" + The statement provides evidence of a case where a patient with nasal rhinoscleroma was treated with ciprofloxacin and experienced resolution of their condition. This suggests that ciprofloxacin may be an effective treatment for rhinoscleroma, although it is important to note that this is based on a single case study. Ideally, larger clinical trials would be conducted to confirm these findings and establish the efficacy of ciprofloxacin for treating rhinoscleroma. Nonetheless, the statement does provide some level of support for the claim that ciprofloxacin can treat rhinoscleroma." +8350437,Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis,1359,Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Is a 7-day course of ciprofloxacin effective in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women?"" - The statement implies that ciprofloxacin is used in the treatment of uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women, which suggests that ciprofloxacin has some therapeutic effect on pyelonephritis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and the statement does not explicitly confirm that ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis. The effectiveness of ciprofloxacin in treating pyelonephritis would need to be confirmed through further studies and clinical trials." -8337570,Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1360,"Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that statement because ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that treats bacterial infections, including sepsis. The statement ""Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent"" suggests that ciprofloxacin was effective in treating the bacterial infection causing bacteremia (the presence of bacteria in the blood), which is a symptom of sepsis. However, it should be noted that sepsis is a serious condition that often requires combination therapy (as in this case where ciprofloxacin was used in conjunction with rifampin), supportive care, and close medical supervision." -8194797,Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia,1361,The proportion of patients who developed neutropenia and fever was 87% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and 78% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and rifampin (P =.25).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The proportion of patients who developed neutropenia and fever was 87% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and 78% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and rifampin (P =.25).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia."" The statement compares two groups treated with different regimens containing ciprofloxacin - one with ciprofloxacin alone and another with ciprofloxacin plus rifampin. It reports that a higher percentage of patients in the ciprofloxacin-only group developed neutropenia and fever compared to those in the combination therapy group (87% vs 78%). However, it does not indicate that ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia; instead, it may suggest that adding rifampin to ciprofloxacin could potentially lower the incidence of neutropenia and fever in patients undergoing such treatment. + The statement implies that ciprofloxacin is used in treating uncomplicated pyelonephritis in women, which suggests that ciprofloxacin has some therapeutic effect on pyelonephritis. However, it is essential to note that this is an indirect inference based on the information provided. The original statement does not explicitly claim that ciprofloxacin treats pyelonephritis; it only addresses the effectiveness of a specific treatment regimen (a 7-day course). Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to establish the direct relationship between ciprofloxacin and pyelonephritis treatment conclusively." +8337570,Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1360,"Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""Despite prolonged bacteremia, the response to long-term therapy with ciprofloxacin and rifampin was excellent"" suggests that ciprofloxacin was effective in treating an infection caused by bacteria in the bloodstream (bacteremia), which is a symptom of sepsis. However, sepsis is a complex condition that often requires combination therapy (as mentioned in this case with rifampin) and intensive care unit management. Therefore, while the statement supports ciprofloxacin's efficacy against bacterial infections associated with sepsis, it does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats sepsis itself." +8194797,Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia,1361,The proportion of patients who developed neutropenia and fever was 87% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and 78% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and rifampin (P =.25).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The proportion of patients who developed neutropenia and fever was 87% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and 78% in the group treated with ciprofloxacin and rifampin (P =.25).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia."" The statement compares two groups treated with different regimens containing ciprofloxacin - one with ciprofloxacin alone and another with ciprofloxacin plus rifampin. It reports that a higher percentage of patients in the ciprofloxacin-only group developed neutropenia and fever compared to those in the combination therapy group (87% vs 78%). However, it does not indicate that ciprofloxacin treats neutropenia; rather, it may suggest that adding rifampin to ciprofloxacin could potentially reduce the incidence of neutropenia and fever in patients undergoing such treatment. - Neutropenia is a condition characterized by an abnormally low number of neutrophils - white blood cells responsible for fighting bacterial infections. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that can be used to treat bacterial infections but does not directly target neutropenia as it does not influence neut" -8190776,Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis,1362,"Peritonitis due to S. aureus ESI was significantly less frequent among patients treated with ciprofloxacin (1 vs 9 cases, p = 0.001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peritonitis due to S. aureus ESI was significantly less frequent among patients treated with ciprofloxacin (1 vs 9 cases, p = 0.001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis."" The study indicates that there was a significantly lower frequency of peritonitis due to S. aureus in patients treated with ciprofloxacin compared to those not treated with ciprofloxacin (1 vs 9 cases, p = 0.001). This suggests that ciprofloxacin may have a protective effect against peritonitis due to S. aureus. However, it is important to note that this statement only provides indirect evidence since it focuses on one specific type of peritonitis-causing bacteria (S. aureus). Further studies would be needed to determine if ciprofloxacin has similar effects on other types of bacteria causing peritonitis and if it is effective in various patient populations." + Neutropenia is characterized by an abnormally low count of neutrophils - a type of white blood cell responsible for defending against infections. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used primarily for treating bacterial infections; it does not directly target neutropenia as it is not designed to increase" +8190776,Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis,1362,"Peritonitis due to S. aureus ESI was significantly less frequent among patients treated with ciprofloxacin (1 vs 9 cases, p = 0.001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peritonitis due to S. aureus ESI was significantly less frequent among patients treated with ciprofloxacin (1 vs 9 cases, p = 0.001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats peritonitis"". The study found that there was a significant difference in peritonitis cases due to S. aureus between patients treated with ciprofloxacin (1 case) and those not treated with ciprofloxacin (9 cases). The lower frequency of peritonitis among patients treated with ciprofloxacin suggests that ciprofloxacin may have contributed to treating peritonitis in these cases. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; further studies would be needed to establish whether ciprofloxacin is indeed an effective treatment for peritonitis caused by S. aureus specifically." 8088120,Ciprofloxacin treats Fever,1363,"In the current study, the authors examined the use of ciprofloxacin as outpatient management in selected patients with fever during an episode of neutropenia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the current study, the authors examined the use of ciprofloxacin as outpatient management in selected patients with fever during an episode of neutropenia.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Fever"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the current study, the authors examined the use of ciprofloxacin as outpatient management in selected patients with fever during an episode of neutropenia."" - The statement indicates that ciprofloxacin was used in outpatient management of patients experiencing fever during neutropenia, which is a condition characterized by an abnormally low number of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the bloodstream. This does not imply that ciprofloxacin treats fever itself; rather it suggests that ciprofloxacin may be used as part of a treatment regimen for fever in patients undergoing neutropenia due to its potential antibacterial properties. + + The statement from the study indicates that ciprofloxacin was used in managing fever during an episode of neutropenia in selected patients as outpatient care. However, it does not provide evidence that ciprofloxacin treats fever itself. Neutropenia is a condition characterized by low levels of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the body, making patients more susceptible to infections. The study might be investigating whether ciprofloxacin can help prevent these infections in neutropenic patients who have fever as a symptom rather than treating fever directly. - It is important to differentiate between treating fever as a symptom and managing an underlying condition causing fever. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that can be used to treat bacterial infections; hence it may help reduce fever indirectly when used in patients experiencing fever due to bacterial infections during" -7880629,Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis,1364,"The efficacy and safety of three oral fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy and safety of three oral fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis"". The reason is that the statement mentions ciprofloxacin as one of three oral fluoroquinolones being analyzed for their efficacy and safety in treating chronic osteomyelitis. This implies that ciprofloxacin is being considered as a potential treatment option for osteomyelitis in the study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of effectiveness. To confirm ciprofloxacin's effectiveness in treating osteomyelitis, one would need to examine the results and conclusions of the study being referenced." -7798648,Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis,1365,"As juveniles are especially sensitive, use of these drugs in paediatrics should be restricted to carefully selected indications (such as the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""As juveniles are especially sensitive, use of these drugs in paediatrics should be restricted to carefully selected indications (such as the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis"". The key phrase here is ""the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis"". This implies that ciprofloxacin is indeed used in treating cystic fibrosis, albeit in a restricted manner and for carefully selected indications. However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean that ciprofloxacin is a primary treatment for cystic fibrosis, nor does it confirm its efficacy in treating the disease. It simply suggests that it has a role in treatment under specific circumstances." -7544699,Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease,1366,The aim of this study was to investigate clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treatment of massive diarrhoea in patients after extensional bowel resection with removing of ileo-coecal valve (EBR + ICVR).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of this study was to investigate clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treatment of massive diarrhoea in patients after extensional bowel resection with removing of ileo-coecal valve (EBR + ICVR).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease"". The study aims to investigate the clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treating massive diarrhea in specific patients (those who have undergone extensional bowel resection with removing of ileo-coecal valve). This implies that ciprofloxacin is being used as a potential treatment for diarrheal disease in these patients. However, it is important to note that direct support would require results showing that ciprofloxacin was effective in treating diarrhea in these patients." -7423320,Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever,1367,"To compare clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin for typhoid fever, 123 adults with fever and signs of uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into a randomized trial.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To compare clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin for typhoid fever, 123 adults with fever and signs of uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into a randomized trial.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever. The statement describes a randomized trial where adults with uncomplicated typhoid fever were treated with either azithromycin or ciprofloxacin. The fact that ciprofloxacin was used in a clinical trial for treating typhoid fever suggests that it is considered a viable treatment option for this condition. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of its efficacy is not provided in this particular statement; it would be necessary to examine the results of the trial for that information." -7337248,Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia,1368,Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs.""?","Yes, the statement ""Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia"". + + It is important to differentiate between treating fever as a symptom versus preventing infections that cause fever in neutropenic patients when interpreting this evidence. The misinterpretation of such relationships could lead to in" +7880629,Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis,1364,"The efficacy and safety of three oral fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy and safety of three oral fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin, levofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin) for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis were analyzed.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats osteomyelitis"". The reason is that the statement mentions ciprofloxacin as one of three oral fluoroquinolones being analyzed for their efficacy and safety in treating chronic osteomyelitis. This implies that ciprofloxacin is being considered as a potential treatment option for osteomyelitis in the study. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of effectiveness; it simply suggests that further investigation into ciprofloxacin as an osteomyelitis treatment is warranted based on the study mentioned in the statement." +7798648,Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis,1365,"As juveniles are especially sensitive, use of these drugs in paediatrics should be restricted to carefully selected indications (such as the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""As juveniles are especially sensitive, use of these drugs in paediatrics should be restricted to carefully selected indications (such as the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats cystic fibrosis."" The key phrase here is ""the use of ciprofloxacin in cystic fibrosis."" This implies that ciprofloxacin is indeed used in treating cystic fibrosis, at least in certain cases and under specific conditions (i.e., carefully selected indications). However, it does not provide direct evidence that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for cystic fibrosis in general. It is important to note that while this statement suggests that ciprofloxacin is used in treating cystic fibrosis, it does not necessarily mean that it is a primary or sole treatment for the disease. Further research would be needed to fully understand the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in treating cystic fibrosis." +7544699,Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease,1366,The aim of this study was to investigate clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treatment of massive diarrhoea in patients after extensional bowel resection with removing of ileo-coecal valve (EBR + ICVR).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aim of this study was to investigate clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treatment of massive diarrhoea in patients after extensional bowel resection with removing of ileo-coecal valve (EBR + ICVR).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats diarrheal disease"". The study aims to investigate the clinical importance of ciprofloxacin efficacy in treating massive diarrhea in patients after EBR + ICVR. This implies that ciprofloxacin is being used as a potential treatment for diarrheal disease in this specific patient population. However, it is important to note that direct support would require results demonstrating that ciprofloxacin is indeed effective in treating diarrhea in these patients." +7423320,Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever,1367,"To compare clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin for typhoid fever, 123 adults with fever and signs of uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into a randomized trial.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To compare clinical and bacteriological efficacies of azithromycin and ciprofloxacin for typhoid fever, 123 adults with fever and signs of uncomplicated typhoid fever were entered into a randomized trial.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that Ciprofloxacin treats typhoid fever. The statement describes a randomized trial where adults with uncomplicated typhoid fever were treated with either azithromycin or ciprofloxacin. The fact that ciprofloxacin was used in a trial for treating typhoid fever suggests that it has some clinical efficacy against the disease. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The specific results of the trial, such as the success rate of ciprofloxacin in treating typhoid fever, would provide more direct support for the claim." +7337248,Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia,1368,Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs.""?","Yes, the statement ""Initial treatment of severe pneumonia with ciprofloxacin resulted in significantly less subsequent gram-negative infection and was associated with substantially lower curative costs"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia."" - The statement suggests that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for severe pneumonia as it leads to less subsequent gram-negative infection, which is often a complication in pneumonia cases. The lower curative costs associated with ciprofloxacin treatment also imply that the drug is more cost-effective in treating pneumonia compared to other treatment options. However, it is important to note that this is indirect support because the statement does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats pneumonia, but rather implies it through its effects on gram-negative infections and cost-effectiveness. + The statement suggests that ciprofloxacin is an effective treatment for severe pneumonia, as it leads to less subsequent gram-negative infection, which is often a complication in pneumonia cases. Furthermore, it indicates that ciprofloxacin is associated with lower curative costs, implying that it may be a cost-effective treatment option for pneumonia. - Furthermore, it is crucial to consider that while ciprofloxacin may be effective in treating certain types of pneumonia, it may not be suitable for all cases due to potential side effects, bacterial resistance, and other factors that could" + However, it is important to note that while this statement supports ciprofloxacin as an effective treatment for severe pneumonia, it does not necessarily mean that ciprofloxacin is the only effective treatment for pneumonia. Other factors such as patient health status, drug resistance patterns, potential side effects, and patient preferences should also be considered when making treatment decisions for pneumonia." 7228759,Ciprofloxacin treats infectious disease,1369,"Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug, is widely used in the treatment of serious infections in humans.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug, is widely used in the treatment of serious infections in humans.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug, is widely used in the treatment of serious infections in humans."" - The statement indicates that Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is an antibacterial drug used for treating serious infections in humans. Antibacterial drugs like Ciprofloxacin target bacteria that cause infections in humans; therefore, it can be inferred that Ciprofloxacin indeed treats infectious diseases indirectly by combatting bacterial infections in humans. + The statement indicates that Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is an antibacterial drug used for treating serious infections in humans. Antibacterial drugs like Ciprofloxacin target bacteria that cause infections in humans; thus, it indirectly supports that Ciprofloxacin treats infectious diseases caused by bacterial agents. - However, it is essential to note that antibacterial drugs like Ciprofloxacin do not treat all infectious diseases but only those caused by susceptible bacteria. Infectious diseases can also be caused by viruses, fungi, parasites, and prions; thus, Ciprofloxacin would not be effective against these types of pathogens. + However, it is essential to note that Ciprofloxacin is not effective against all types of infectious diseases; it primarily targets bacterial infections. Additionally, its use should be based on appropriate diagnosis and prescription by medical professionals due to potential side effects and antibiotic resistance concerns." +7163480,Ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease,1370,Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin."" This suggests that ciprofloxacin has been used in treating active Crohn's disease, but it does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease. It is important to note that while antibiotics like ciprofloxacin may be used in treating symptoms of Crohn disease, they do not cure the disease itself. Therefore, while there is some support for the use of ciprofloxacin in managing Crohn disease, it would be inaccurate to say that it treats Crohn disease without further qualification or context." +10607698,Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease,1371,[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS]."" - In summary, while Ciprofloxacin does treat infectious" -7163480,Ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease,1370,Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The title ""Use of antibiotics in the treatment of active Crohn's disease: experience with metronidazole and ciprofloxacin"" suggests that both metronidazole and ciprofloxacin have been used in treating active Crohn's disease. This implies that ciprofloxacin has been used in treating Crohn disease, even though it does not explicitly state that ciprofloxacin treats Crohn disease. However, it is important to note that while antibiotics like ciprofloxacin may be used in treating Crohn disease, they are not considered a primary treatment for the disease itself but rather for associated complications like infections." -10607698,Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease,1371,[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[Experiences with a chloramphenicol preparation for intramuscular injection in bacterial infections of the CNS]."" + The statement suggests that chloramphenicol has been used in treating bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS). Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including those that cause meningitis, which is an infection of the CNS (Brown & Cunha, 2017). Therefore, even though the statement does not explicitly claim that chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease, it does provide evidence that chloramphenicol has been used in treating bacterial infections in the CNS, which supports the claim that chloramphenicol is used for treating bacterial infectious diseases. - The statement suggests that chloramphenicol has been used in bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS), which implies that it is being used as a treatment for these types of bacterial infections. Chloramphenicol is an antibiotic that works by stopping bacterial growth, so it is commonly used in treating various types of bacterial infections. Therefore, even though the statement does not explicitly state that chloramphenicol treats bacterial infectious disease, it does provide evidence that chloramphenicol is used in treating bacterial infections in specific locations in the body (CNS), which supports the broader claim that chloramphenicol is used as a treatment for bacterial infectious disease." -9528501,Chloramphenicol treats osteomyelitis,1372,A 2-month-old infant with Enterobacter osteomyelitis complicating total parenteral nutrition was successfully treated with rifampicin and chloramphenicol.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 2-month-old infant with Enterobacter osteomyelitis complicating total parenteral nutrition was successfully treated with rifampicin and chloramphenicol.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that chloramphenicol treats osteomyelitis. The statement provides evidence of a successful treatment of Enterobacter osteomyelitis in an infant using chloramphenicol in combination with rifampicin. However, it's important to note that this is a single case study, so while it suggests chloramphenicol can be effective in treating osteomyelitis, it doesn't prove it as a definitive treatment. Further studies involving larger sample sizes would be needed to confirm its efficacy. Additionally, the use of chloramphenicol should be considered in light of its potential side effects and resistance profiles." -7351604,Chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorder,1373,"The writers consult a wide range of American, European and British research from 1950 to the present to reassure readers that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is a demonstrably effective, safe, cost-effective treatment for most superficial eye infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The writers consult a wide range of American, European and British research from 1950 to the present to reassure readers that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is a demonstrably effective, safe, cost-effective treatment for most superficial eye infections.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorders. The writers consulted a wide range of research from 1950 to present day from American, European, and British sources to establish that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is an effective, safe, and cost-effective treatment for most superficial eye infections. This implies that there is evidence supporting chloramphenicol as a treatment for eye infections, thus lending credence to the initial claim that chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorders. + However, it is important to note that while chloramphenicol is effective against many types of bacteria, its use is associated with several adverse effects, including bone marrow suppression (Brown & Cunha, 2017). Therefore" +9528501,Chloramphenicol treats osteomyelitis,1372,A 2-month-old infant with Enterobacter osteomyelitis complicating total parenteral nutrition was successfully treated with rifampicin and chloramphenicol.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 2-month-old infant with Enterobacter osteomyelitis complicating total parenteral nutrition was successfully treated with rifampicin and chloramphenicol.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that chloramphenicol can be used in treating osteomyelitis caused by Enterobacter species. The statement provides evidence of a successful treatment of an infant with Enterobacter osteomyelitis using chloramphenicol in combination with rifampicin. However, it is important to note that antibiotic treatment should always be guided by susceptibility testing results as well as patient-specific factors such as age, allergies, comorbidities, and potential drug interactions. The success of chloramphenicol in treating osteomyelitis in one case does not automatically mean it will be effective in all cases involving osteomyelitis caused by Enterobacter species." +7351604,Chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorder,1373,"The writers consult a wide range of American, European and British research from 1950 to the present to reassure readers that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is a demonstrably effective, safe, cost-effective treatment for most superficial eye infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The writers consult a wide range of American, European and British research from 1950 to the present to reassure readers that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is a demonstrably effective, safe, cost-effective treatment for most superficial eye infections.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that chloramphenicol treats eye infectious disorders. The writers' consultation of a wide range of American, European, and British research from 1950 to the present indicates that they have conducted an extensive review of existing literature on the topic. Their assertion that ophthalmic chloramphenicol is demonstrably effective as a treatment for most superficial eye infections suggests that there is evidence supporting its use in treating such conditions. - However, it is important to note that while there is support for chloramphenicol as an effective treatment for eye infections based on the statement provided, it does not explicitly confirm that chloramphenicol is used for treating all eye infectious disorders. The scope of its effectiveness might be limited to superficial eye infections as mentioned in the statement. Additionally, while the statement suggests that chloramphenicol is safe, it does not provide information about potential side effects or contraindications that should be taken into consideration when prescribing chloramphenicol for eye infections." -24500158,Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1374,Frequently reported adverse events of rebamipide compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Frequently reported adverse events of rebamipide compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease."" The statement only mentions that rebamipide has been associated with fewer adverse events compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). It does not imply that rebamipide is an effective treatment for GERD. To provide indirect support for the initial claim, the statement would need to suggest that rebamipide has beneficial effects on GERD symptoms or pathophysiology, which it does not do." -19949890,Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis,1375,We also discuss the potential role of rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We also discuss the potential role of rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis"" in the phrase ""We also discuss the potential role of rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA."" This is because TMJ-OA stands for temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis, which is a specific form of osteoarthritis (OA). If rebamipide is being discussed as a potential treatment for TMJ-OA, it implies that rebamipide may have beneficial effects on osteoarthritis in general, even though it was not explicitly stated as treating osteoarthritis in its entirety. However, it is important to note that further investigation is required to establish rebamipide as an effective treatment for osteoarthritis since the statement only indicates potential benefits based on discussion rather than empirical evidence from clinical trials." -19364844,Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome,1376,CONCLUSIONS: REB and DQS may be effective for the management of dry eye syndrome after PK in terms of ocular surface findings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: REB and DQS may be effective for the management of dry eye syndrome after PK in terms of ocular surface findings.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome"" based on the conclusion provided in the study about REB (Rebamipide) and DQS (Diquafosol sodium) management of dry eye syndrome after photorefractive keratectomy (PK). + However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for the claim, it does not constitute direct evidence. Direct evidence would involve specific studies that demonstrate chloramphenicol's effectiveness in treating eye infections. Indirect evidence, such as the statement provided, relies on inference and interpretation of secondary sources. - The conclusion from the study suggests that REB and DQS may be effective in managing dry eye syndrome following PK based on ocular surface findings. Although it does not explicitly state that Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome on its own, it does imply that Rebamipide has beneficial effects on dry eye syndrome in certain conditions (i.e., post-PK). This indirectly supports the claim that Rebamipide can be used for treating dry eye syndrome since it has been shown to have positive effects on its management in specific situations. + Additionally, it should be emphasized that while the statement suggests that chloramphenicol is safe and cost-effective, it does not provide specific details about these aspects. Safety can be relative depending on factors such as dosage, duration of use, and individual patient characteristics. Similarly, cost-effectiveness can be influenced by various factors including the specific formulation of ch" +24500158,Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1374,Frequently reported adverse events of rebamipide compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Frequently reported adverse events of rebamipide compared to other drugs for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Rebamipide treats gastroesophageal reflux disease."" The statement only mentions rebamipide as one of the drugs used for peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), but it does not provide any information about its efficacy in treating GERD compared to other drugs or as a standalone treatment. Therefore, it does not substantiate the claim that rebamipide treats GERD. - However, it is important to note that further investigation is required before making definitive conclusions about Rebamipide as an exclusive treatment for dry eye syndrome since this study only explores its effects in combination with Diquafosol sodium after PK procedures. Additional studies focusing on Rebamipide alone would provide stronger evidence for its standalone effectiveness in treating" -13211904,Rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis,1377,"OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Since rebamipide is effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), we examined the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Since rebamipide is effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), we examined the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective of the study explicitly states that rebamipide is effective for UC treatment. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect form of support because the statement does not include any new experimental data demonstrating rebamipide's effectiveness in treating UC; rather it assumes rebamipide's efficacy based on previous knowledge or studies. + To provide indirect support for the claim that rebamipide treats GERD, we would need information suggesting that rebamipide has a positive effect on GERD symptoms or healing rates compared to placebo or other treatments. This information would need to be derived from well-designed clinical trials or observational studies that control for potential confounding factors. - To further strengthen the claim that rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis, it would be ideal to have access to the complete study including its methodology, results, and conclusions. This would allow for a more thorough evaluation of rebamipide's effectiveness in treating UC as well as help identify any potential confounding factors that may influence the interpretation of its therapeutic potential in UC treatment." -12062800,Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease,1378,"Rebamipide, a gastro-protective drug, was developed in Japan for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rebamipide, a gastro-protective drug, was developed in Japan for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease. The key term here is ""indirect."" The statement indicates that Rebamipide is a gastro-protective drug developed in Japan for treating peptic ulcer disease. While it does not explicitly state that Rebamipide is effective in treating peptic ulcer disease, it implies that Rebamipide has been designed and developed for that specific purpose, which suggests that there is some evidence supporting its effectiveness in treating peptic ulcer disease at some level during its development process. + In summary, while rebamipide may be used in treating GERD based on its approved indications in certain jurisdictions, the provided statement does not offer any evidence supporting its efficacy in treating GERD compared to other alternatives." +19949890,Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis,1375,We also discuss the potential role of rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We also discuss the potential role of rebamipide to serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Rebamipide treats osteoarthritis"" in the given context. The phrase ""serve as a new strategy for the treatment of TMJ-OA"" implies that rebamipide has some therapeutic effect on Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA), which is a form of osteoarthritis (OA). However, it is important to note that osteoarthritis can manifest in various parts of the body (e.g., knee, hip), so the statement does not necessarily mean that rebamipide is effective for all types of osteoarthritis. It would require further evidence to confirm whether rebamipide has similar therapeutic effects on other forms of osteoarthritis beyond TMJ-OA." +19364844,Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome,1376,CONCLUSIONS: REB and DQS may be effective for the management of dry eye syndrome after PK in terms of ocular surface findings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: REB and DQS may be effective for the management of dry eye syndrome after PK in terms of ocular surface findings.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that Rebamipide treats dry eye syndrome based on the provided statement. The conclusion suggests that Rebamipide (REB) and Diquafosol (DQS) may be effective in managing dry eye syndrome after photorefractive keratectomy (PK) based on ocular surface findings. However, it is important to note that while this statement supports Rebamipide's potential positive impact on dry eye syndrome, it does not necessarily confirm that Rebamipide is solely responsible for treating dry eye syndrome as other factors (e.g., Diquafosol) may also contribute to its efficacy in managing dry eye syndrome. - - However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of effectiveness. To establish direct support for Rebamipide treating peptic ulcer disease, one would need more concrete evidence such as results from clinical trials demonstrating its safety and efficacy in treating peptic ulcer disease. + In addition, it is crucial to consider that further investigation is required before making definitive conclusions about Rebamipide's ability to treat dry eye syndrome since this study only explores its potential benefits in managing dry eye syndrome after PK specifically. Additional studies examining Rebamipide's effects on dry eye syndrome in different contexts would provide stronger evidence for its overall efficacy in treating dry eye syndrome. - - In summary, while the statement provides some level of support for Rebamipide treating peptic ulcer disease, it falls short of being definitive proof due to its indirect nature. Further investigation into clinical trial results would be necessary for stronger evidence of Rebamipide's" -10368387,Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer,1379,Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers.""?","Yes, the statement ""Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer"". + It is also worth noting that while Rebamipide may show promise in treating dry" +13211904,Rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis,1377,"OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Since rebamipide is effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), we examined the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Since rebamipide is effective for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), we examined the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide.""?","Yes, the statement ""Rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis"" does receive indirect support from the provided quote. The objective of the study mentioned in the quote is to examine the involvement of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the action of rebamipide, which implies that rebamipide has an action in ulcerative colitis (UC). This suggests that rebamipide has some therapeutic effect on UC, thus providing indirect support for the claim that rebamipide treats ulcerative colitis. However, it is important to note that this evidence is indirect and based on an assumption that the study found rebamipide to be effective in UC through HGF involvement. For a more definitive conclusion, access to the full study results would be required." +12062800,Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease,1378,"Rebamipide, a gastro-protective drug, was developed in Japan for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rebamipide, a gastro-protective drug, was developed in Japan for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Rebamipide, a gastro-protective drug, was developed in Japan for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease."" - The key term here is ""used for the treatment"", which implies that Rebamipide has therapeutic effects on gastric ulcers. This is consistent with the concept of treating an ulcer, which involves applying a remedy to heal or alleviate the condition. The term ""mucoprotective"" further supports this interpretation, as it describes a property of Rebamipide that could potentially protect the mucosal lining of the stomach, thereby promoting ulcer healing. + The key term here is ""indirect support."" The statement indicates that Rebamipide is a gastro-protective drug developed specifically for treating peptic ulcer disease in Japan. This implies that Rebamipide has been designed and studied for its potential therapeutic effects on peptic ulcers. - However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim that Rebamipide treats gastric ulcers, it does not constitute direct evidence of its efficacy. For that, one would need to refer to clinical trials or other empirical studies demonstrating Rebamipide's therapeutic effects on gastric ulcers." -8102739,Rebamipide treats gastritis,1380,"In conclusion, rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and thereby decreasing IL-8 production.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and thereby decreasing IL-8 production.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that rebamipide treats gastritis. The conclusion suggests that rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, which in turn decreases IL-8 production. H. pylori infection is a primary cause of gastritis, and if rebamipide can indeed inhibit inflammation caused by H. pylori as suggested by the statement, then it could be reasonably inferred that rebamipide may help treat gastritis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on one study; more extensive clinical trials would be required for a definitive conclusion regarding rebamipide as a treatment for gastritis." -27610972,DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma,1381,Phase I trial of a human-mouse chimeric anti-disialoganglioside monoclonal antibody ch14.18 in patients with refractory neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Phase I trial of a human-mouse chimeric anti-disialoganglioside monoclonal antibody ch14.18 in patients with refractory neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma.""?","No, the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma"" does not receive direct support from the statement provided. DINUTUXIMAB is also known as ch14.18, which is an antibody used for treating neuroblastoma, not osteosarcoma. The statement mentions that there was a phase I trial involving both neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma patients; however, it does not specify that DINUTUXIMAB was used specifically for treating osteosarcoma within that trial. Therefore, indirect support cannot be established based on this statement alone. Further investigation into the specifics of the trial would be required to determine if DINUTUXIMAB has any potential therapeutic effect on osteosarcoma." -21740095,DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm,1382,Tumors treated with local dinutuximab had decreased MYCN expression on histology compared to control or IgG-treated tumors.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tumors treated with local dinutuximab had decreased MYCN expression on histology compared to control or IgG-treated tumors.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm"". The provided statement suggests that dinutuximab may have an effect on tumor cells by decreasing MYCN expression as observed through histology. However, it does not explicitly state that dinutuximab treats neoplasm (a general term for new abnormal growth of tissue that forms tumors), nor does it establish a causal relationship between dinutuximab treatment and tumor reduction in patients. + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of the claim. To establish direct support for the claim that ""Rebamipide treats peptic ulcer disease,"" one would need more specific evidence demonstrating its efficacy in treating peptic ulcers through clinical trials or other rigorous studies. - To provide indirect support for the claim that dinutuximab treats neoplasm, additional evidence would be required that demonstrates not only an effect on tumor cells (e.g., decreased MYCN expression), but also that such an effect results in reduced tumor growth, slowed disease progression, increased survival rate, or other positive clinical outcomes for patients suffering from neoplasm. + In summary, while there is some level of support for the claim based on the provided statement, further investigation would be necessary for more conclusive evidence of Rebamipide's therapeutic effects on peptic ulcer disease." +10368387,Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer,1379,Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers.""?","Yes, the statement ""Rebamipide is a mucoprotective drug used for the treatment of gastric ulcers"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastric ulcer."" - It is important to note that while decreased MYCN expression could potentially be beneficial in treating certain types of neoplasm (given that MYCN amplification is associated with poor prognosis in some cancers), further investigation is necessary before making any definitive conclusions about dinut" -9445080,DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma,1383,Ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma."" The statement discusses ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab is also a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets GD2 (disialoganglioside), which is overexpressed in neuroblastoma cells. However, Dinutuximab is specifically marketed under the brand name Unituxin by United Therapeutics Corporation, not ch14.18. Although both Dinutuximab and ch14.18 have similar mechanisms of action in treating neuroblastoma, they are not interchangeable terms. Therefore, the statement does not provide any evidence or support for Dinutuximab treating neuroblastoma." -22808973,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma,1384,[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma].,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Brentuximab vedotin treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma]."" + The key term here is ""used for the treatment,"" which implies that Rebamipide has been administered to patients with gastric ulcers as part of a therapeutic regimen. This suggests that Rebamipide has been shown in some capacity to alleviate symptoms of gastric ulcers or promote their healing, thus treating gastric ulcers. - The statement suggests that Brentuximab vedotin is used in treating systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL), which is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30, a protein expressed on cells of certain types of NHL, including sALCL. By binding specifically to CD30-expressing cells, Brentuximab vedotin delivers its cytotoxic drug payload and induces cell death. Therefore, it can be inferred that Brentuximab vedotin does treat anaplastic large cell lymphoma indirectly based on this information. However, it is essential to consider that Brentuximab vedotin might not be effective for all cases of ALCL, especially those that" -22284390,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm,1385,"Although brentuximab-vedotin (BV) demonstrated single-agent activity, tumours regrew during BV therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although brentuximab-vedotin (BV) demonstrated single-agent activity, tumours regrew during BV therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm."" The statement indicates that brentuximab-vedotin (BV) has demonstrated single-agent activity against tumours; however, it also mentions that tumours regrew during BV therapy. This suggests that while BV may have some effect on neoplasm (tumour growth), it is not a definitive treatment based on this information alone. The fact that tumours regrew during therapy indicates that the treatment is not curative, but rather may help manage symptoms or slow progression in some cases. Therefore, additional context and evidence would be required to fully support the claim that BV treats neoplasm." -21657991,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1386,BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.""?","Yes, the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings."" + However, it is important to note that ""treatment"" can encompass a wide range of interventions, from those that completely cure an ailment to those that merely manage symptoms. Therefore, while there is indirect support for Rebamipide treating gastric ulcers based on this statement alone, further investigation would be necessary to determine the specifics of Rebamipide's therapeutic effect on gastric ulcers." +8102739,Rebamipide treats gastritis,1380,"In conclusion, rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and thereby decreasing IL-8 production.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Rebamipide treats gastritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB and thereby decreasing IL-8 production.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that rebamipide treats gastritis. The conclusion suggests that rebamipide may attenuate H. pylori-induced gastric inflammation by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and oxidant-mediated activation of NF-kappaB, which in turn decreases IL-8 production. Gastritis is characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining, often caused by H. pylori infections. By reducing inflammation, rebamipide could potentially alleviate symptoms of gastritis. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the described mechanism of action; direct clinical evidence supporting rebamipide as a treatment for gastritis would provide stronger support for the claim." +27610972,DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma,1381,Phase I trial of a human-mouse chimeric anti-disialoganglioside monoclonal antibody ch14.18 in patients with refractory neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Phase I trial of a human-mouse chimeric anti-disialoganglioside monoclonal antibody ch14.18 in patients with refractory neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats bone osteosarcoma"". The statement mentions a phase I trial of a monoclonal antibody (ch14.18) in patients with refractory neuroblastoma and osteosarcoma. Dinutuximab is also a monoclonal antibody that targets the same antigen (disialoganglioside GD2) as ch14.18, but it is not explicitly stated in the trial that Dinutuximab was used. Furthermore, even if Dinutuximab were used in the trial, a phase I trial is primarily concerned with safety and dosage, not efficacy in treating the disease. Therefore, we cannot infer from this statement that Dinutuximab is an effective treatment for bone osteosarcoma." +21740095,DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm,1382,Tumors treated with local dinutuximab had decreased MYCN expression on histology compared to control or IgG-treated tumors.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tumors treated with local dinutuximab had decreased MYCN expression on histology compared to control or IgG-treated tumors.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neoplasm"". The provided information indicates that dinutuximab treatment results in decreased MYCN expression in tumors on histology compared to control or IgG-treated tumors. However, it does not explicitly state that dinutuximab treats neoplasm (a type of new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body), nor does it provide enough context for us to infer such a conclusion. - The abbreviations R/R stand for relapsed/refractory, CTCL for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and PTCL for peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Brentuximab vedotin (BV) is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30-expressing mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). + To establish a stronger link between dinutuximab treatment and therapeutic effects on neoplasm, additional evidence would be required, such as clinical trials demonstrating improved patient outcomes (e.g., increased survival rates, reduced tumor size) following dinutuximab treatment. - The statement highlights that BV is an important advancement in treating R/R CTCL and PTCL in both R/R and frontline settings. This implies that BV is an effective treatment for mature T-cell and NK-cell NHL in various stages of progression. Therefore, it lends indirect support to the claim that BV" -21657990,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1387,BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.""?","Yes, the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings."" + It is important to maintain rigorous standards when interpreting scientific evidence in order to avoid drawing overly broad conclusions based on limited information. While the provided statement suggests that dinutuximab may have an effect on tumor growth by decreasing MYCN expression, further investigation is necessary before making any definitive conclusions about its therapeutic potential for treating neoplasm." +9445080,DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma,1383,Ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""DINUTUXIMAB treats neuroblastoma."" The statement discusses ocular symptoms in children treated with human-mouse chimeric anti-GD2 mAb ch14.18 for neuroblastoma. Dinutuximab is also a human-mouse chimeric monoclonal antibody that targets GD2 (disialoganglioside), which is overexpressed in neuroblastoma cells. However, Dinutuximab is specifically marketed under the brand name Unituxin in the United States, not DINUTUXIMAB. - The statement indicates that Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) is an effective treatment for both Relapsed/Refractory Cutaneous T-cell Lymphoma (R/R CTCL) and Peripheral T-cell Lymphoma (PTCL) in various stages of treatment (relapsed/refractory as well as frontline settings). Primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PTCL) is one of the subtypes of T-cell lymphomas that BV has been tested on and shown efficacy against in clinical trials. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that BV can be used to treat primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on the broader claim made in the statement provided. However," -21596847,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Sezary syndrome,1388,"[Ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions in a patient with Sezary syndrome treated with brentuximab-vedotin].BACKGROUND: Brentuximab-vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 agent combined with an anti-neoplastic agent, has recently yielded promising results in the treatment of cutaneous T-lymphomas such as Sezary syndrome.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Sezary syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions in a patient with Sezary syndrome treated with brentuximab-vedotin].BACKGROUND: Brentuximab-vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 agent combined with an anti-neoplastic agent, has recently yielded promising results in the treatment of cutaneous T-lymphomas such as Sezary syndrome.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The background information indicates that Brentuximab-vedotin (BV) has shown promising results in treating cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL), which includes Sezary syndrome. The statement specifically mentions that a patient with Sezary syndrome was treated with BV, but it does not provide explicit information about the outcome of that treatment. However, given that BV has demonstrated efficacy in treating CTCLs in general, it is reasonable to infer that such treatment could potentially benefit patients with Sezary syndrome specifically. This is an indirect inference because it relies on extrapolation from BV's general efficacy in CTCLs to its potential efficacy in Sezary syndrome. Direct evidence of BV's efficacy in treating Sezary syndrome would require explicit information about outcomes in patients with that specific condition." -21569598,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma,1389,Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed.,False,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed.""?","No, the statement ""Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma."" + The statement does not provide information about Dinutuximab being used for treating neuroblastoma nor does it mention any positive effects of treatment on neuroblastoma patients. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that Dinutuximab treats neuroblastoma." +22808973,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma,1384,[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma].,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Brentuximab vedotin treats anaplastic large cell lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""[Brentuximab vedotin for previously untreated systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma]."" - The need for further investigations implies that there is currently insufficient evidence to conclusively determine the efficacy of brentuximab vedotin in treating adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. The statement acknowledges that more research is required before any definitive conclusions can be drawn about its therapeutic value for this specific type of cancer. + The statement suggests that Brentuximab vedotin is used in treating systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL), which is a specific type of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). ALCL is an aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), which is a cancer that starts in white blood cells called lymphocytes. Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30, a protein expressed on the surface of cells in ALCL. - Therefore, while brentuximab vedotin may potentially be useful in treating adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, it cannot be said that it does treat it based on this statement alone." -21569593,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats lymphoma,1390,Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas.""?","Yes, the statement ""Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Brentuximab vedotin treats lymphoma."" + Although the statement does not explicitly claim that Brentuximab vedotin treats ALCL, it implies that Brentuximab vedotin is used as a treatment for sALCL patients who have not received prior systemic therapy. This indirectly supports the idea that Brentuximab ved" +22284390,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm,1385,"Although brentuximab-vedotin (BV) demonstrated single-agent activity, tumours regrew during BV therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although brentuximab-vedotin (BV) demonstrated single-agent activity, tumours regrew during BV therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats neoplasm."" The statement indicates that brentuximab-vedotin (BV) has demonstrated single-agent activity against neoplasm (a type of new abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body), but it also mentions that tumours regrew during BV therapy. This suggests that while BV may have some effect on neoplasm, it is not a definitive treatment and tumours can still progress while on therapy. Therefore, the statement does not support the claim that BV treats neoplasm. - Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30-positive cells, which includes certain types of lymphomas such as Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma [1]. The statement suggests that Brentuximab vedotin is a significant advancement in treating these specific types of lymphomas, implying that it has a therapeutic effect on them. Therefore, it can be inferred that Brentuximab vedotin indeed treats lymphoma in cases where it is CD30-positive, thus providing indirect support for the claim in question. + + The statement highlights an important aspect of cancer therapy - that even if a drug shows initial effectiveness in shrinking tumours (single-agent activity), cancer cells can adapt and develop resistance over time (tumours regrew during BV therapy). This underscores the complexity of cancer treatment and the need for ongoing research to find more effective therapeutic strategies. + In conclusion, while brentuximab-vedotin may be useful in managing certain types of neoplasm, based on the provided statement it does not appear to" +21657991,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1386,BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mature T-cell and NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" based on the statement ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings."" - References: - 1. Pro et al., (2012). Brentuximab vedotin (SGN-35) for relapsed CD30-positive lymph" -21525451,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1391,"Currently, ADCs that have received regulatory approval include brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma and trastuzumab emtansine for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Currently, ADCs that have received regulatory approval include brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma and trastuzumab emtansine for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.""?","Yes, the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkin lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. + BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN (BV) is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30-expressing cells, which include certain types of mature T-cell lymphomas such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). The statement highlights that BV is an important advancement in treating patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) CTCL and relapsed/refractory as well as frontline PTCL settings. + + Although the statement does not explicitly mention NK-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, it does support BV's efficacy in treating mature T-cell lymphomas (CTCL and" +21657990,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma,1387,BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BV is a major therapeutic advance in the treatment of patients with R/R CTCL and of those with PTCL in both the R/R and frontline settings.""?","Yes, the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PTCL)"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. + + The statement suggests that BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN (BV) is an advancement in treating patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and frontline PTCL settings. Primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PTCL) is a subtype of CTCL, meaning that it falls under the broader category of diseases that BV is indicated for treating. + + However, it is essential to note that while there is indirect support for BV treating PTCL based on the statement, it does not explicitly state that BV is used for primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma in either R/R or frontline settings. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary for more direct evidence supporting BV as a treatment for primary cutaneous T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma specifically." +21596847,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Sezary syndrome,1388,"[Ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions in a patient with Sezary syndrome treated with brentuximab-vedotin].BACKGROUND: Brentuximab-vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 agent combined with an anti-neoplastic agent, has recently yielded promising results in the treatment of cutaneous T-lymphomas such as Sezary syndrome.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Sezary syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions in a patient with Sezary syndrome treated with brentuximab-vedotin].BACKGROUND: Brentuximab-vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 agent combined with an anti-neoplastic agent, has recently yielded promising results in the treatment of cutaneous T-lymphomas such as Sezary syndrome.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The background information indicates that Brentuximab-vedotin (BV) has shown promising results in treating cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs), including Sezary syndrome (SS). The statement then describes a patient with Sezary syndrome who experienced ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions while being treated with BV. - The statement indicates that brentuximab vedotin has received regulatory approval for treating CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) that specifically targets CD30 proteins, which are often overexpressed in HL cells. By binding to these proteins, brentuximab vedotin delivers potent chemotherapy drugs directly into HL cells, thereby killing them while minimizing harm to healthy cells. + While the statement does not explicitly claim that BV treats Sezary syndrome, it does suggest that BV is being used as a treatment for a patient with Sezary syndrome. Additionally, ulceration of lymphomatous skin lesions could be interpreted as a potential side effect of treatment rather than an absence of treatment efficacy. However, without further information about the patient's response to treatment, it is impossible to make definitive conclusions about BV's direct impact on Sezary syndrome in this specific case. - Therefore, given that brentuximab vedotin is approved for treating CD30-positive HL and that it functions by targeting CD30 proteins on HL cells, it is reasonable to infer that brentuximab vedotin indeed treats Hodgkin lymphoma indirectly based on the information provided in the statement. However, it is essential to note that brentuximab vedotin is not universally effective for all H" -21472937,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides,1392,The interest of BV in the management of CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma has recently been demonstrated compared to methotrexate or bexarotene.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The interest of BV in the management of CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma has recently been demonstrated compared to methotrexate or bexarotene.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement that ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides"" based on the provided information. The statement suggests that BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN (BV) has been shown to be effective in managing CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF), which implies that it can treat MF. However, it should be noted that mycosis fungoides is not explicitly mentioned in the original statement; instead, it refers to CD30-positive MF. This is an important distinction because not all cases of MF express CD30. Therefore, while there is support for BV treating CD30-positive MF, more specific information would be needed to confirm its efficacy in treating all types of MF." -22346012,Tetracycline treats Infection,1393,"The following antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of C.difficile infections or applied previously in C.difficile epidemiological studies were tested: metronidazole, vancomycin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam, clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, tigecycline and linezolid.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The following antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of C.difficile infections or applied previously in C.difficile epidemiological studies were tested: metronidazole, vancomycin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam, clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, tigecycline and linezolid.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Tetracycline treats Infection"". The text explicitly mentions that tetracycline was one of the antimicrobials tested in epidemiological studies related to C.difficile infections. The fact that tetracycline was included in these studies suggests that it has some level of antimicrobial activity against C.difficile infections or related pathogens. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to direct evidence of tetracycline's efficacy in treating C.difficile infections; further investigation would be required to establish its therapeutic utility in such cases." -15910237,Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder,1394,"In addition, resistance to azithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim was greater than 10%, which may be relevant when selecting empiric treatments for ocular surface infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition, resistance to azithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim was greater than 10%, which may be relevant when selecting empiric treatments for ocular surface infections.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder"". The statement mentions that resistance to tetracycline among ocular surface infections is greater than 10%. This implies that tetracycline is still effective against these infections at least some of the time, otherwise there would be no need to mention its resistance specifically. Therefore, it can be inferred that tetracycline is used to treat eye infectious disorders, even if it is becoming less effective due to increasing resistance. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of tetracycline's effectiveness in treating eye infections would provide stronger support for the claim." -10596737,Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis,1395,[Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""[Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis]."" This is because tetracycline is a type of antibiotic that is being discussed in the context of treating osteomyelitis, which is an infection of the bone. However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence that tetracycline is effective in treating osteomyelitis, as it focuses on a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative specifically. + It is important to note that while BV has shown promise in treating CTCLs like Sezary syndrome, more extensive clinical trials and studies would be required to definitively establish its safety and efficacy for treating Sezary" +21569598,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma,1389,Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed.,False,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed.""?","No, the statement ""Further investigations on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma are needed"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma"". - The effectiveness of tetracycline in treating osteomyelitis would depend on various factors such as the specific strain of bacteria causing the infection, the severity of the infection, and the patient's overall health status. Therefore, while this statement does provide some level of support for the idea that tetracycline can be used to treat osteomyelitis, it does not conclusively prove that tetracycline is an effective treatment for osteomyelitis in all cases." -10513439,Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease,1396,Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections."" This is because tetracycline is explicitly mentioned in conjunction with bacterial infections, implying that it has some efficacy in treating such conditions. However, it is important to note that this interpretation is based on an indirect association; ideally, more direct evidence would be sought for stronger support of tetracycline's effectiveness in treating bacterial infections." -10332719,Tetracycline treats periodontitis,1397,Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Tetracycline treats periodontitis"". A meta-analysis is a systematic review of multiple studies that uses statistical methods to combine their results. In this case, it specifically refers to an analysis of studies investigating the use of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis. + The statement suggests that there is a need for more studies on the use of brentuximab vedotin for adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. This implies that while there may be some evidence suggesting its potential efficacy, it is not yet conclusive. Therefore, it does not support the claim that brentuximab vedotin definitively treats adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. + + It is important to note that in medical and scientific contexts, definitive claims should be based on robust, conclusive evidence from well-designed studies. Preliminary or inconclusive evidence should be interpreted with caution and not used to make definitive claims." +21569593,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats lymphoma,1390,Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas.""?","Yes, the statement ""Brentuximab vedotin represents a major breakthrough in the treatment of CD30-positive lymphomas"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Brentuximab vedotin treats lymphoma"". + + Brentuximab vedotin is an antibody-drug conjugate that targets CD30-positive lymphomas, which includes certain types of Hodgkin lymphoma and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. The statement acknowledges its effectiveness in treating these specific types of lymphomas, thereby implying that it indeed has therapeutic effects on lymphoma. However, it is essential to note that Brentuximab vedotin may not be effective for all lymphoma subtypes, as it specifically targets CD30-positive cells. + + In summary, while the statement does not explicitly confirm that Brentuximab vedotin treats all forms of lymphoma, it does provide indirect evidence supporting its efficacy in treating CD30-positive lymphomas, which is a significant subset of lymphoma types" +21525451,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkins lymphoma,1391,"Currently, ADCs that have received regulatory approval include brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma and trastuzumab emtansine for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.",True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Currently, ADCs that have received regulatory approval include brentuximab vedotin for CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma and trastuzumab emtansine for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.""?","Yes, the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats Hodgkin lymphoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. - The fact that such a study exists indicates that there is enough evidence in the scientific community supporting an association between tetracycline use and improved periodontitis outcomes for researchers to conduct a meta-analysis. However, it is important to note that while an association does not necessarily imply causation, it does suggest that further investigation into tetracycline as a potential treatment for periodontitis is warranted. + The statement indicates that BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN has received regulatory approval for use in CD30-positive Hodgkin lymphoma. This implies that BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN is an effective treatment for this type of lymphoma, as regulatory approval typically requires rigorous clinical trials demonstrating safety and efficacy. Therefore, it can be inferred that BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN indeed treats Hodgkin lymphoma, albeit in a specific subset of patients (those who are CD30-positive)." +21472937,BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides,1392,The interest of BV in the management of CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma has recently been demonstrated compared to methotrexate or bexarotene.,True,"'Does the phrase ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The interest of BV in the management of CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF) and primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma has recently been demonstrated compared to methotrexate or bexarotene.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement that ""BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN treats mycosis fungoides"" based on the provided evidence. The interest in Brentuximab Vedotin (BV) for managing CD30-positive mycosis fungoides (MF) suggests its efficacy in treating this specific type of lymphoma. Mycosis fungoides is indeed a type of CD30-positive lymphoma; therefore, it can be inferred that BV may have potential therapeutic benefits for MF patients. However, it is essential to note that this interpretation is based on indirect evidence, and further investigation is required for more definitive conclusions regarding its direct application in treating MF." +22346012,Tetracycline treats Infection,1393,"The following antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of C.difficile infections or applied previously in C.difficile epidemiological studies were tested: metronidazole, vancomycin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam, clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, tigecycline and linezolid.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The following antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of C.difficile infections or applied previously in C.difficile epidemiological studies were tested: metronidazole, vancomycin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, ampicillin-sulbactam, clindamycin, erythromycin, moxifloxacin, tetracycline, doxycycline, tigecycline and linezolid.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Tetracycline treats infection"". The text mentions that tetracycline was one of the antimicrobials tested in epidemiological studies related to C.difficile infections. This implies that tetracycline was considered as a potential treatment option for these infections, thus providing indirect support for its antimicrobial properties and potential use in treating infections. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy in treating infections caused by C.difficile specifically, as the statement does not provide information on the outcomes of these tests." +15910237,Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder,1394,"In addition, resistance to azithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim was greater than 10%, which may be relevant when selecting empiric treatments for ocular surface infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition, resistance to azithromycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim was greater than 10%, which may be relevant when selecting empiric treatments for ocular surface infections.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Tetracycline treats eye infectious disorder"". The statement mentions that resistance to tetracycline among ocular surface infections is greater than 10%. This implies that tetracycline is still effective against these infections at least some of the time, otherwise there would be no need to mention its resistance specifically. Therefore, it can be inferred that tetracycline is used to treat eye infectious disorders, even if its effectiveness is being impacted by increasing resistance. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of tetracycline's effectiveness in treating eye infections would provide stronger support for the phrase in question." +10596737,Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis,1395,[Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis].""?","Yes, the statement ""Tetracycline treats osteomyelitis"" does receive indirect support from the title ""Clinical considerations on the topical use of a new hydrosoluble tetracycline derivative in chronic osteomyelitis."" - It is also crucial to examine other factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, formulation of tetracycline (e.g., local vs systemic), as well as potential side effects or contraindications before making definitive conclusions about its therapeutic utility in treating periodontitis. Additionally, accessing the original meta-analysis paper would provide" -7227539,Tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease,1398,"Ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline, clarithromycin twice-a-day triple therapy for clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline, clarithromycin twice-a-day triple therapy for clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease. The statement suggests that tetracycline is used in combination with ranitidine bismuth citrate for treating clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection. This implies that tetracycline has some therapeutic effect against Helicobacter pylori infections, thus lending support to the claim that tetracycline can treat such diseases. However, it is important to note that tetracycline is used in combination therapy in this case, suggesting that it may not be as effective when used alone." + The title suggests that tetracycline (in its new hydrosoluble derivative form) is being considered for use in treating chronic osteomyelitis, which implies that tetracycline has potential therapeutic effects on osteomyelitis. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference based on the title alone. The actual study may provide more nuanced information that could alter this interpretation. For a more definitive conclusion, a full review of the study would be necessary." +10513439,Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease,1396,Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Tetracycline treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Nystatin and tetracycline in the treatment of bacterial infections."" This is because tetracycline is explicitly mentioned as one of the treatment options for bacterial infections in the given statement. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for tetracycline being used in bacterial infection treatment, it does not constitute definitive proof on its own. Further evidence from clinical trials or other rigorous studies would be needed for more robust support of tetracycline's efficacy in treating bacterial infections." +10332719,Tetracycline treats periodontitis,1397,Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Tetracycline treats periodontitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Meta-analysis of local tetracycline in treating chronic periodontitis."" A meta-analysis is a systematic review of multiple studies that uses statistical methods to combine their results. In this case, it specifically refers to studies involving local (topical) application of tetracycline for treating chronic periodontitis. + + The fact that such a meta-analysis was conducted indicates that there is enough evidence from individual studies suggesting that tetracycline may be effective in treating chronic periodontitis. While the statement does not explicitly confirm that tetracycline treats periodontitis, it does imply that there is some level of positive association between tetracycline use and improved periodontitis outcomes based on existing literature. + + However, it is essential to note that while indirect support exists, it does not definitively prove that tetracycline treats periodontitis. Further investigation is required to establish causality and determine factors such as optimal dosage, frequency of administration, potential side effects, and long-term efficacy." +7227539,Tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease,1398,"Ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline, clarithromycin twice-a-day triple therapy for clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranitidine bismuth citrate, tetracycline, clarithromycin twice-a-day triple therapy for clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that tetracycline treats Helicobacter pylori infectious disease. The statement suggests that tetracycline is used in combination with ranitidine bismuth citrate and clarithromycin as part of a twice-a-day triple therapy for clarithromycin susceptible Helicobacter pylori infection. This implies that tetracycline is considered effective against Helicobacter pylori infection under certain conditions (i.e., when clarithromycin is susceptible). However, it is important to note that tetracycline is not being used alone in this treatment regimen, suggesting that it may not be effective as a standalone treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection." 22788639,(Alginate)n treats Pain,1399,"With these results, we propose alginate-based nanoemulsions as a potential treatment for migraine pain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""(Alginate)n treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""With these results, we propose alginate-based nanoemulsions as a potential treatment for migraine pain.""?","Yes, the phrase ""(Alginate)n treats Pain"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""With these results, we propose alginate-based nanoemulsions as a potential treatment for migraine pain."" - The statement suggests that alginate-based nanoemulsions have been tested and found promising in treating migraine pain. Although the claim does not explicitly state that ""(Alginate)n treats Pain,"" it implies that alginate, when formulated into nanoemulsions, could be an effective approach for managing migraine pain. This inference provides indirect support for the broader claim that alginate can treat pain, given that migraines are indeed a form of pain. + The statement suggests that alginate-based nanoemulsions have been found to be potentially effective in treating migraine pain, which is a type of pain. Therefore, it can be inferred that alginate could potentially treat pain, providing indirect support for the claim. However, it is important to note that this is an extrapolation of the original statement and further research would be needed to confirm this claim specifically for ""(Alginate)n treats Pain""." +11016107,(Alginate)n treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1400,An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring.,True,"'Does the phrase ""(Alginate)n treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions an open multicenter study that assesses the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring. Alginic acid is a type of alginate, hence if the study shows alginic acid to be effective in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), it could be inferred that alginate could potentially have similar effects. However, it is important to note that alginic acid is not necessarily equivalent to alginate in all its forms or applications. Therefore, while there is some indirect support, more specific studies focusing on ""(Alginate)n"" would be needed for stronger evidence." +22283339,Chlorhexidine treats Peri-Implantitis,1401,There is a need for more homogenous RCTs with large sample size to define the role of CHX in non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Peri-Implantitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There is a need for more homogenous RCTs with large sample size to define the role of CHX in non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Peri-Implantitis."" The statement is expressing a need for more homogenous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger sample sizes to define the role of chlorhexidine (CHX) in non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. This implies that there is currently insufficient evidence to definitively establish CHX as an effective treatment for peri-implantitis based on existing studies. Therefore, it does not support the claim that chlorhexidine treats peri-implantitis." +14556561,Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia,1402,"Among patients without pneumonia at baseline, pneumonia developed in 24% (CPIS >or=6) by day 3 in those treated with chlorhexidine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Among patients without pneumonia at baseline, pneumonia developed in 24% (CPIS >or=6) by day 3 in those treated with chlorhexidine.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia."" The statement indicates that among patients without pneumonia at baseline, 24% developed pneumonia by day 3 when treated with chlorhexidine. This suggests that chlorhexidine may be associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in some cases, not that it treats pneumonia. It is important to distinguish between association (or correlation) and causation in interpreting such results." +14034776,Chlorhexidine treats dental caries,1403,"Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats dental caries"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The clinical trial investigates the impact of both sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine on mutans streptococci in children suffering from dental caries. The presence of chlorhexidine in the study suggests that it has some involvement in treating dental caries, even if not explicitly stated in isolation from sodium fluoride. However, it is crucial to note that chlorhexidine is not being presented as the sole treatment for dental caries in this study; rather it is one of two agents being tested in combination. Therefore, while there is some level of support for chlorhexidine treating dental caries based on this study, it is not presented as a standalone treatment." +13966318,Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1404,"All patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia had indwelling intravenous catheters, which were treated with chlorhexidine to disinfect the catheters.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""All patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia had indwelling intravenous catheters, which were treated with chlorhexidine to disinfect the catheters.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis."" The statement indicates that chlorhexidine was used to disinfect indwelling intravenous catheters in patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia, but it does not suggest that chlorhexidine was used as a treatment for bacterial infectious disease or sepsis itself. The misconception might arise from conflating the disinfection of medical equipment as a treatment for an infection in the patient; however, these two concepts should be distinguished in interpreting such evidence." +13955725,Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease,1405,Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease"". This is because oral bacterial infections represent a subset of bacterial infectious diseases. If Chlorhexidine is shown to be effective in treating oral bacterial infections, it suggests that Chlorhexidine has some antimicrobial properties that could potentially be useful in treating other types of bacterial infections as well. However, it's important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence for Chlorhexidine's effectiveness in treating all types of bacterial infectious diseases. The specific efficacy would depend on various factors including the type of bacteria involved, the site of infection, and the dosage and formulation of Chlorhexidine used." +13614413,Chlorhexidine treats stomatitis,1406,CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and duration of OM are significantly improved by prophylactic chlorhexidine and by cryotherapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats stomatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and duration of OM are significantly improved by prophylactic chlorhexidine and by cryotherapy.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The conclusion statement mentions that prophylactic chlorhexidine (a type of antiseptic mouthwash) significantly improves both the frequency and duration of oral mucositis (OM), which is an inflammation of the mucous membrane in the mouth often referred to as stomatitis when it occurs in conjunction with cancer treatments. - However, it is essential to acknowledge certain nuances in interpreting this evidence. Firstly, alginate itself may not be responsible for pain relief but could be an essential component of the nanoemulsion formulation that facilitates drug delivery or enhances drug efficacy in treating migraines. Secondly, while migraines represent one type of pain condition, it does not necessarily mean that alginate will be effective in treating other pain types without further investigation. + However, it is important to note that while stomatitis is a form of oral mucositis, not all oral mucositis is stomatitis. Therefore, while chlorhexidine can be said to treat stomatitis based on this evidence due to its effectiveness against oral mucositis (which includes stomatitis), further investigation into its specific effects on stomatitis would be necessary for a more direct correlation." +12567084,Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease,1407,"We developed an efficacious and non-irritant mouthwash that is alcohol-free and that has a low concentration of chlorhexidine, in order to be used for preventing oral cavity infections in immunocompromised and cancer patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We developed an efficacious and non-irritant mouthwash that is alcohol-free and that has a low concentration of chlorhexidine, in order to be used for preventing oral cavity infections in immunocompromised and cancer patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease"". The development of an efficacious mouthwash containing chlorhexidine suggests that chlorhexidine has antimicrobial properties, which can be useful in treating and preventing infectious diseases. However, it is important to note that while chlorhexidine can help manage oral infections in immunocompromised and cancer patients as suggested by the statement, it does not necessarily mean that chlorhexidine can treat all types of infectious diseases. The effectiveness of chlorhexidine depends on various factors such as concentration, duration of exposure, and specific pathogens involved in the infectious disease." +12447822,Chlorhexidine treats Neonatal sepsis,1408,"However, 2 large but not randomized studies, one in Malawi and the other in Egypt, suggest that important reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis and neonatal mortality may be achievable with vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Neonatal sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, 2 large but not randomized studies, one in Malawi and the other in Egypt, suggest that important reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis and neonatal mortality may be achievable with vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim made in the statement is not an explicit endorsement of chlorhexidine as a treatment for neonatal sepsis; rather, it suggests that there is potential for significant reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis as well as neonatal mortality when using vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment. - In summary, while the statement does not explicitly" -11016107,(Alginate)n treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1400,An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring.,True,"'Does the phrase ""(Alginate)n treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An open multicenter study was performed to assess the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in 76 pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions an open multicenter study that assesses the efficacy and safety of alginic acid in two different dosages in pediatric patients with gastroesophageal reflux confirmed by pH monitoring. Alginic acid is a type of alginate, hence if the study found alginic acid to be effective in treating gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), it could be inferred that alginate might also have similar effects. However, it is important to note that alginic acid is not necessarily equivalent to alginate in all its forms or uses. Therefore, while there is some indirect support, more specific studies on ""(Alginate)n"" would be needed for direct support." -22283339,Chlorhexidine treats Peri-Implantitis,1401,There is a need for more homogenous RCTs with large sample size to define the role of CHX in non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Peri-Implantitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There is a need for more homogenous RCTs with large sample size to define the role of CHX in non-surgical management of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Peri-implantitis."" The statement is expressing a need for more extensive research in the form of homogenous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with larger sample sizes to clarify the role of chlorhexidine (CHX) in managing peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. This implies that there is currently insufficient evidence to definitively conclude that chlorhexidine treats peri-implantitis based on existing studies. + The key term here is ""may be achievable,"" which implies that further investigation is required before definitive conclusions can be drawn about chlorhexidine as an effective treatment for neonatal sepsis. However, given that sepsis is often associated with high mortality rates in neonates, any intervention that shows promise in reducing its incidence is worth noting. - To further elaborate on why it does not provide indirect support, let us consider some aspects of clinical trials and evidence-based medicine. High-quality RCTs represent one of the strongest forms of evidence in clinical research due to their randomization process reducing bias and their prospective design allowing for better control over confounding factors compared to retrospective studies. However, even high-quality RCTs can have limitations such as small sample sizes that limit statistical power, lack of long-term follow-up, or insufficient reporting of methodological details that hinder reproducibility and generalizability of results. + It is important to highlight that these studies were not randomized controlled trials (RCTs), which are generally considered the gold standard for clinical trials due to their ability to minimize bias and confounding factors. Therefore, while these findings suggest promising avenues for future research, they do not provide conclusive evidence of chlorhexidine's efficacy in treating neonatal sepsis." +11792004,Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder,1409,BACKGROUND: Tooth staining is a common feature of chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease and there is a large variation between patients as to the degree of their tooth staining.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Tooth staining is a common feature of chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease and there is a large variation between patients as to the degree of their tooth staining.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder."" The provided background information discusses tooth staining as a side effect of chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease, but it does not imply that chlorhexidine is an effective treatment for periodontal disorder. In fact, it suggests that there is variability in tooth staining among patients undergoing chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease, which may be indicative of varying responses to treatment rather than treatment efficacy itself. - In this case" -14556561,Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia,1402,"Among patients without pneumonia at baseline, pneumonia developed in 24% (CPIS >or=6) by day 3 in those treated with chlorhexidine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Among patients without pneumonia at baseline, pneumonia developed in 24% (CPIS >or=6) by day 3 in those treated with chlorhexidine.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats pneumonia."" The statement indicates that among patients who did not have pneumonia at baseline, 24% of those treated with chlorhexidine developed pneumonia by day 3 (given that their Confusion, Polyuria, Inspiration rate, Blood pressure, and Secretions score was greater than or equal to 6). This suggests a potential association between chlorhexidine treatment and an increased risk of developing pneumonia in patients who did not have it at baseline. However, it does not support the idea that chlorhexidine is a treatment for pneumonia." -14034776,Chlorhexidine treats dental caries,1403,"Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats dental caries"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine effect in the inhibition of mutans streptococci in children with dental caries: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The clinical trial investigates the impact of both sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine on mutans streptococci in children suffering from dental caries. The presence of chlorhexidine in the study implies that it has some effect in treating dental caries, even if it is not explicitly stated in isolation as having an effect on dental caries. However, it is important to note that chlorhexidine is often used as an antimicrobial agent in oral health products rather than as a direct treatment for dental caries itself. The primary treatment for dental caries is still considered to be restorative treatments provided by dental professionals." -13966318,Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1404,"All patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia had indwelling intravenous catheters, which were treated with chlorhexidine to disinfect the catheters.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""All patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia had indwelling intravenous catheters, which were treated with chlorhexidine to disinfect the catheters.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis."" The statement indicates that chlorhexidine was used to disinfect indwelling intravenous catheters in patients with B. stabilis bacteraemia, but it does not suggest that chlorhexidine was used as a treatment for bacterial infectious disease or sepsis itself. Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic commonly used for skin disinfection and catheter care, but it is not typically used as a systemic treatment for bacterial infections or sepsis in patients. Therefore, while chlorhexidine may help prevent infections associated with catheters, it does not necessarily imply that it can treat bacterial infectious disease with sepsis." -13955725,Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease,1405,Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Chlorhexidine (CHX) is effective in treating oral bacterial infections"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats bacterial infectious disease"". This is because oral infections are indeed bacterial infectious diseases, albeit localized to the oral cavity. Therefore, if Chlorhexidine is shown to be effective in treating these specific infections, it stands to reason that it could potentially be used to treat other forms of bacterial infections as well. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of its efficacy in treating all types of bacterial infectious diseases, as different bacterial strains can display varying degrees of susceptibility to Chlorhexidine. Therefore, further research would be necessary to establish its broader applicability in treating various bacterial infections beyond those localized in the oral cavity." -13614413,Chlorhexidine treats stomatitis,1406,CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and duration of OM are significantly improved by prophylactic chlorhexidine and by cryotherapy.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats stomatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and duration of OM are significantly improved by prophylactic chlorhexidine and by cryotherapy.""?","Yes, the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: The frequency and duration of OM (oral mucositis) are significantly improved by prophylactic chlorhexidine and by cryotherapy"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats stomatitis."" This is because stomatitis is a type of oral mucositis (OM), which is inflammation of the mucous membranes in the mouth. If chlorhexidine can improve both the frequency and duration of oral mucositis, it suggests that it could help treat stomatitis as well. However, it is important to note that while chlorhexidine may help manage symptoms of stomatitis, it does not necessarily mean it cures stomatitis since treating implies full resolution of the condition while improving suggests an alleviation of symptoms but not necessarily a cure." -12567084,Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease,1407,"We developed an efficacious and non-irritant mouthwash that is alcohol-free and that has a low concentration of chlorhexidine, in order to be used for preventing oral cavity infections in immunocompromised and cancer patients.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We developed an efficacious and non-irritant mouthwash that is alcohol-free and that has a low concentration of chlorhexidine, in order to be used for preventing oral cavity infections in immunocompromised and cancer patients.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats infectious disease"". The development of an efficacious mouthwash that includes chlorhexidine at a low concentration suggests that chlorhexidine has antimicrobial properties, which can be beneficial in preventing oral cavity infections in vulnerable patient populations such as immunocompromised and cancer patients. This implies that chlorhexidine can help manage and treat infectious diseases in these contexts, even if it is not explicitly stated in the provided information. However, it is important to note that chlorhexidine may not be effective against all types of infectious diseases; its utility is primarily in preventing oral cavity infections in specific patient populations as suggested by the statement." -12447822,Chlorhexidine treats Neonatal sepsis,1408,"However, 2 large but not randomized studies, one in Malawi and the other in Egypt, suggest that important reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis and neonatal mortality may be achievable with vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Neonatal sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, 2 large but not randomized studies, one in Malawi and the other in Egypt, suggest that important reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis and neonatal mortality may be achievable with vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Neonatal sepsis"". The statement reveals two large studies conducted in Malawi and Egypt that suggest significant reductions in maternal and neonatal sepsis as well as neonatal mortality through either vaginal or neonatal chlorhexidine treatment. This implies that chlorhexidine has potential therapeutic effects in treating neonatal sepsis by reducing its occurrence and associated mortality rates. However, it is important to note that these studies were not randomized which may introduce some level of bias in their results. Therefore, further rigorous randomized controlled trials would be required for stronger evidence of chlorhexidine as an effective treatment for neonatal sepsis." -11792004,Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder,1409,BACKGROUND: Tooth staining is a common feature of chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease and there is a large variation between patients as to the degree of their tooth staining.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Tooth staining is a common feature of chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease and there is a large variation between patients as to the degree of their tooth staining.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder."" The statement only mentions that chlorhexidine treatment for periodontal disease often results in tooth staining and there is variability in the degree of staining among patients. It does not provide any information about the effectiveness of chlorhexidine in treating periodontal disorders." -10593306,Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder,1410,Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder"". This is because it indicates that chlorhexidine has been studied in relation to ocular infections in a clinical trial setting. However, it does not provide direct evidence of its efficacy in treating such disorders as it does not specify the outcomes of the trial or whether chlorhexidine was found to be effective in treating ocular infections when compared to other treatments or placebo. Therefore, further investigation would be required to substantiate this claim fully." -7869752,Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis,1411,"The abrasiveness of the chew, rather than the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine, is likely to have contributed the most to the maintenance of oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The abrasiveness of the chew, rather than the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine, is likely to have contributed the most to the maintenance of oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis."" The statement suggests that an abrasive property of a chew has been beneficial in managing oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis, rather than chlorhexidine's antibacterial activity being responsible for these improvements. In fact, it implies that chlorhexidine may not be as influential in treating gingivitis as previously thought in this particular context. However, it does not negate chlorhexidine's potential therapeutic effects on gingivitis in other scenarios; it only highlights that other factors (such as abrasiveness) can also contribute positively to oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis." -7287519,Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis,1412,Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis."" This is because it implies that there is an ongoing investigation into how chlorhexidine can be used as a local treatment for periodontitis, suggesting that there is some basis for believing that chlorhexidine could have therapeutic effects on periodontitis. However, it's important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence of chlorhexidine's effectiveness in treating periodontitis. A rigorous evaluation of clinical trials and peer-reviewed studies would be necessary to make a definitive conclusion about chlorhexidine's efficacy in periodontitis treatment." + To provide indirect support for ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontal disorder,"" there would need to be some evidence suggesting that chlorhexidine use leads to improvements in periodontal health outcomes. The background statement only addresses tooth staining as an adverse effect of treatment, not its therapeutic benefits for periodontal disease." +10593306,Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder,1410,Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections.""?","Yes, the statement ""Clinical trial of chlorhexidine and diaminodiphenylsulphone in superficial ocular infections"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Chlorhexidine treats eye infectious disorder"". This is because it indicates that chlorhexidine has been studied in relation to ocular infections in a clinical trial setting. However, it does not provide direct evidence of its efficacy as it does not specify the outcomes of the trial or whether chlorhexidine was found to be effective in treating these infections. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to confirm whether chlorhexidine indeed treats eye infectious disorders." +7869752,Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis,1411,"The abrasiveness of the chew, rather than the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine, is likely to have contributed the most to the maintenance of oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The abrasiveness of the chew, rather than the antibacterial activity of chlorhexidine, is likely to have contributed the most to the maintenance of oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis."" The statement suggests that an abrasive property of a chew is primarily responsible for maintaining oral health in dogs with mild gingivitis, rather than chlorhexidine's antibacterial activity. This implies that chlorhexidine may not be the primary factor in treating gingivitis in dogs, which contradicts the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats gingivitis.""" +7287519,Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis,1412,Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis.""?","Yes, the statement ""Assessing the effectiveness of locally delivered chlorhexidine in the treatment of periodontitis"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats periodontitis."" This is because it implies that there is an ongoing investigation into whether chlorhexidine can be used as a local treatment for periodontitis, which suggests that there is some basis for believing that chlorhexidine may have therapeutic effects in treating periodontitis. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence for the efficacy of chlorhexidine in treating periodontitis, as further studies would be needed to establish its effectiveness conclusively." 7281939,Chlorhexidine treats Acanthamoeba keratitis,1413,Treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis with chlorhexidine.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Acanthamoeba keratitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis with chlorhexidine.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Chlorhexidine treats Acanthamoeba keratitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of acanthamoeba keratitis with chlorhexidine."" - Indirect support is provided because the statement explicitly mentions chlorhexidine being used in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis, which implies that chlorhexidine has some efficacy against this condition. However, it is important to note that an isolated statement does not constitute definitive proof of efficacy; it should be considered as part of a broader body of evidence that includes clinical trials, peer-reviewed studies, and meta-analyses for a more robust evaluation of chlorhexidine's effectiveness in treating Acanthamoeba keratitis. + Indirect support is provided because the statement explicitly mentions chlorhexidine being used in the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis, which implies that chlorhexidine has some efficacy against this condition. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. The statement does not provide information on the treatment outcome, dosage used, potential side effects, or comparative analysis against other treatments. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to establish chlorhexidine as an evidence-based treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis." +22179313,Nicergoline treats depressive disorder,1414,"The Efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in the Treatment of Depression and Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease: The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP).BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia such as depression and apathy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with a lower quality of life.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Nicergoline treats depressive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The Efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in the Treatment of Depression and Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease: The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP).BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia such as depression and apathy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with a lower quality of life.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Nicergoline treats depressive disorder. The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP) study investigates the efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in treating depression and apathy in Alzheimer's disease patients. The fact that Nicergoline is included in this study implies that it has potential therapeutic effects on depressive symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease. - Additionally, it should be considered that Acanthamoeba keratitis is a complex condition with various treatment options; therefore, chlorhexidine might be used in combination therapy or as an adjunct treatment rather than as monotherapy. The specific details of its application, dosage, duration of treatment, patient population, and clinical outcomes should be evaluated in" -22179313,Nicergoline treats depressive disorder,1414,"The Efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in the Treatment of Depression and Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease: The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP).BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia such as depression and apathy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with a lower quality of life.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Nicergoline treats depressive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The Efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in the Treatment of Depression and Apathy in Alzheimer's Disease: The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP).BACKGROUND: Neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementia such as depression and apathy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with a lower quality of life.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that Nicergoline treats depressive disorder. The Okayama Depression and Apathy Project (ODAP) study investigates the efficacy of Sertraline, Escitalopram, and Nicergoline in treating depression and apathy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The fact that Nicergoline is included in this study suggests that it has potential therapeutic effects on depressive symptoms associated with AD. + However, it is important to note that the statement does not explicitly confirm that Nicergoline treats depressive disorder in all cases; rather it suggests that Nicergoline may be helpful in addressing depressive symptoms in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Further investigation would be required to determine its efficacy in other populations and contexts. - - However, it is important to note that this statement does not directly prove that Nicergoline is an effective treatment for depressive disorder in all cases; it only implies that Nicergoline may have some positive impact on depressive symptoms in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Further studies would be required to establish Nicergoline as an evidence-based treatment for depressive disorder in other populations. + Additionally, while Nicergoline may have some positive impact on depressive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients, it is not necessarily the primary mechanism of action for Nicergoline; it could be that its effects on apathy or other neuropsychiatric symptoms indirectly influence depressive symptoms as well. - - Additionally, considering that Nicergoline is being compared to Sertraline and Escitalopram - both of which are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) commonly used in treating depression - strengthens the inference that Nicergoline may have antidepressant properties in AD" -9203015,Nicergoline treats dementia,1415,"OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia and other age-associated forms of cognitive decline,and to assess the safety and tolerability of the drug.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Nicergoline treats dementia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia and other age-associated forms of cognitive decline,and to assess the safety and tolerability of the drug.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Nicergoline treats dementia."" The objectives of the study explicitly mention determining evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia, which implies that there is an expectation that nicergoline could potentially treat dementia. However, it is important to note that these objectives do not confirm that nicergoline definitively treats dementia, as further investigation is required to establish such a conclusion. The assessment of safety and tolerability of the drug also falls within the scope of clinical trials for potential treatments, further supporting the indirect nature of this evidence." -22026892,RAMUCIRUMAB treats adenocarcinoma,1416,"Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats adenocarcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The claim states that ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats adenocarcinoma,"" which is not explicitly stated in the methods section of the study. However, it does mention that patients with adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) were treated with ramucirumab in combination with paclitaxel as part of the study. This suggests that ramucirumab was used as a treatment option for adenocarcinoma, providing indirect support for the claim. It is important to note that further investigation into the results and conclusions of the study would be necessary for more direct support of the claim." -21622108,RAMUCIRUMAB treats non-small cell lung carcinoma,1417,This study aimed to validate the primary prophylactic use of pegfilgrastim with docetaxel and ramucirumab treatment in Japanese patients with NSCLC.,True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats non-small cell lung carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aimed to validate the primary prophylactic use of pegfilgrastim with docetaxel and ramucirumab treatment in Japanese patients with NSCLC.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study aims to validate the use of ramucirumab treatment in combination with docetaxel and pegfilgrastim for Japanese patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). This implies that ramucirumab is being considered as part of a treatment regimen for NSCLC, which lends indirect support to the claim that ramucirumab treats non-small cell lung carcinoma. However, it is important to note that direct support would require clinical trial results demonstrating the efficacy of ramucirumab as a standalone treatment for NSCLC, which is not provided in the statement." -21474987,RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1418,Cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with alpha-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml.,True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with alpha-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The title suggests a cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who have progressed on sorafenib and have alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml. The fact that an analysis is being conducted implies that ramucirumab is being used as a treatment for HCC in these specific patients, thus providing indirect support for the claim that ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma."" However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence as it does not explicitly state that ramucirumab treats HCC but rather implies it through the context of the study. Furthermore, it should be noted that the effectiveness of ramucirumab may vary depending on specific patient characteristics such as AFP concentrations and prior treatment history with sorafenib." -23342893,TAFASITAMAB treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1419,Lenalidomide was recently approved in combination with the anti-monoclonal B-cell antibody tafasitamab for patients with relapsed DLBCL after 1 to 3 previous treatments.,True,"'Does the phrase ""TAFASITAMAB treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lenalidomide was recently approved in combination with the anti-monoclonal B-cell antibody tafasitamab for patients with relapsed DLBCL after 1 to 3 previous treatments.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support to that statement. The provided information mentions that lenalidomide has been approved in combination with tafasitamab for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who have relapsed after 1 to 3 previous treatments. This implies that tafasitamab is an active component in treating DLBCL when used in combination therapy. However, it is important to note that the statement does not specify whether tafasitamab can treat DLBCL as a single agent; it only mentions its use in combination therapy." -22828138,Thioctic acid treats cystinuria,1420,Tolvaptan and a-Lipoic acid were also tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in reduction of recurrence.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats cystinuria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tolvaptan and a-Lipoic acid were also tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in reduction of recurrence.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats cystinuria based on the provided statement. The statement indicates that a-Lipoic acid (also known as thioctic acid) was tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in a reduction of recurrence. This suggests that thioctic acid has some therapeutic effect on cystinuria. However, it is important to note that direct causation cannot be inferred from this statement alone, as further investigation would be required to establish a definitive link between thioctic acid and treatment of cystinuria." -21111424,Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis,1421,"Conclusion: Six weeks of oral lipoic acid supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well tolerated; however, because of insufficient recruitment, we could not conclude that lipoic acid treatment was neuroprotective in acute optic neuritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusion: Six weeks of oral lipoic acid supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well tolerated; however, because of insufficient recruitment, we could not conclude that lipoic acid treatment was neuroprotective in acute optic neuritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis."" The conclusion only states that six weeks of oral lipoic acid supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well tolerated. It does not provide evidence of any therapeutic effect of lipoic acid (thioctic acid) on optic neuritis because the study was underpowered and could not conclude neuroprotective effects. Therefore, there is no evidence presented that thioctic acid treats optic neuritis." -14414806,Thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome,1422,Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with alpha-lipoic acid.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with alpha-lipoic acid.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" based on the provided claim ""Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with alpha-lipoic acid."" Thioctic acid is another name for alpha-lipoic acid; therefore, if alpha-lipoic acid is shown to treat carpal tunnel syndrome, then thioctic acid would also be an effective treatment by extension. However, it is crucial to note that further investigation would be necessary to confirm that alpha-lipoic acid specifically targets carpal tunnel syndrome and provides more than just symptomatic relief. Additionally, it would be important to consider potential side effects, contraindications, and optimal treatment protocols before recommending alpha-lipoic acid as a treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome." -11271151,Thioctic acid treats skin disorder,1423,Alpha-Lipoic acid-based PPARgamma agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats skin disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alpha-Lipoic acid-based PPARgamma agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats skin disorders based on the statement provided. Thioctic acid is also known as alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which is an antioxidant found in small amounts in some foods and is available as a dietary supplement. The statement suggests that ALA-based PPARgamma agonists can be used for treating inflammatory skin diseases. PPARgamma (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) is a nuclear receptor that plays essential roles in adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. PPARgamma agonists have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, which can be beneficial in treating various skin disorders such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. - - However, it is essential to note that while thioctic acid can act as a PPARgamma agonist due to its structural similarity to ALA, it may not be as potent as other synthetic PPARgamma agonists used in clinical settings. Moreover, further studies are required to establish thioctic acid's effic" -9864403,Thioctic acid treats multiple sclerosis,1424,"For study of antioxidant therapy efficiency in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis we investigated group 1 (18 patients) treated with alpha-lipoic acid and group 2 (14 patients) who received complex of antioxidants and neuroprotectors with various mechanisms of action (oc-lipoic acid, Nicotinamide, Acetylcysteine, Triovit Beta-carotine, Alpha-tocopheryl acetate, Ascorbic acid, Selenium, Pentoxifylline, Cerebrolysin, Amantadine hydrochloride) during 1 month, 2 times a year.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""For study of antioxidant therapy efficiency in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis we investigated group 1 (18 patients) treated with alpha-lipoic acid and group 2 (14 patients) who received complex of antioxidants and neuroprotectors with various mechanisms of action (oc-lipoic acid, Nicotinamide, Acetylcysteine, Triovit Beta-carotine, Alpha-tocopheryl acetate, Ascorbic acid, Selenium, Pentoxifylline, Cerebrolysin, Amantadine hydrochloride) during 1 month, 2 times a year.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid (also known as alpha-lipoic acid) treats multiple sclerosis (MS). The statement describes a study involving two groups of patients with relapsing-remitting MS, one of which was treated with alpha-lipoic acid (referred to as oc-lipoic acid in the study). However, it does not provide any information about the outcomes of the treatment or whether it had any effect on MS symptoms or progression. Therefore, it does not establish a link between thioctic acid and improved MS outcomes." -8933101,Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease,1425,"Despite the fact that this study was small and not randomized, this is the first indication that treatment with alpha-lipoic acid might be a successful 'neuroprotective' therapy option for AD and related dementias.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite the fact that this study was small and not randomized, this is the first indication that treatment with alpha-lipoic acid might be a successful 'neuroprotective' therapy option for AD and related dementias.""?","No, the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. Thioctic acid is another name for alpha-lipoic acid, but the statement only suggests that it might be a successful neuroprotective therapy option for Alzheimer disease (AD) and related dementias - it does not claim that it treats AD. Furthermore, the study is described as small and not randomized, which suggests that more research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn about its efficacy in treating AD." -8739967,Thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorder,1426,"STZ-diabetes resulted in increased blood pressure, which was partially improved by alpha-lipoic acid treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""STZ-diabetes resulted in increased blood pressure, which was partially improved by alpha-lipoic acid treatment.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. Thioctic acid is another name for alpha-lipoic acid. Therefore, if alpha-lipoic acid treatment partially improved increased blood pressure in STZ-diabetes, it suggests that thioctic acid could potentially have similar effects on hypertensive disorders. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and further research would be needed to confirm this hypothesis. The study in question did not specifically investigate hypertensive disorders, but rather diabetes-induced hypertension. Therefore, while there is some theoretical basis for the claim, more direct evidence is required before we can conclusively say that thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorders." -7865558,Thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1427,"AIMS: Thioctic acid (TA), glibenclamide and acarbose are widely used to either alone or concomitantly treat patients suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIMS: Thioctic acid (TA), glibenclamide and acarbose are widely used to either alone or concomitantly treat patients suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that ""Thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"". The AIMS statement only mentions that Thioctic acid (TA), along with glibenclamide and acarbose, is used in treating patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM). It does not specify that TA treats type 2 diabetes mellitus nor does it provide evidence supporting this claim. Additionally, stating that these compounds are ""widely used"" does not necessarily imply that they have been proven effective in controlled clinical trials for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus." -7603474,Thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy,1428,"A two-central randomised single-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess efficacy of intravenous administration of trometamol salt of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid (Thioctacid 600, ""ASTA Medica"", Germany) in 200 ml of physiological solution in 40 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A two-central randomised single-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess efficacy of intravenous administration of trometamol salt of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid (Thioctacid 600, ""ASTA Medica"", Germany) in 200 ml of physiological solution in 40 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy. The study described is a well-controlled clinical trial involving non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy. The trial used intravenous administration of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid in the form of its trometamol salt (Thioctacid 600) as an intervention. - - Although the statement does not explicitly provide results of the study, its design as a randomised single-blind placebo-controlled trial suggests that it was conducted in accordance with established methodological standards for clinical trials. This implies that there was an attempt to minimise bias in assessing treatment efficacy, which is crucial for drawing valid conclusions about therapeutic benefits of thioctic acid for diabetic neuropathy. - - However, it is important to note that interpreting these results would require accessing more details about the trial design (e.g., sample size calculation, randomisation procedure) as well as its outcomes (e.g., statistical significance of any observed effects). Therefore, while there is some support for" -21616335,Ampicillin treats Infection,1429,"Penicillin Allergy in Pregnancy: Moving From ""Rash"" Decisions to Accurate Diagnosis.The emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms has resulted in limitation or even elimination of drugs such as penicillin and ampicillin from available antibiotic choices for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Penicillin Allergy in Pregnancy: Moving From ""Rash"" Decisions to Accurate Diagnosis.The emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms has resulted in limitation or even elimination of drugs such as penicillin and ampicillin from available antibiotic choices for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology.""?","No, the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Infection"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses the emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms, which has led to limitations in using penicillin and ampicillin for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology. This suggests that these drugs may be less effective due to bacterial resistance, not that they are ineffective in all cases. Furthermore, it does not specify that ampicillin is used for treating infections outside of obstetrics and gynecology. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that ""Ampicillin treats Infection.""" -16205290,Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis,1430,"The patient was treated with pressors and antibiotics and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit where she received ampicillin, gentamycin, and clindamycin for suspected chorioamnionitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was treated with pressors and antibiotics and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit where she received ampicillin, gentamycin, and clindamycin for suspected chorioamnionitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis."" The patient in question was administered ampicillin as part of a broader antibiotic regimen for suspected chorioamnionitis, which suggests that ampicillin is used in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, while the administration of ampicillin may be indicative of its use in treating chorioamnionitis, it does not definitively prove that ampicillin is solely responsible for treating the condition. Other factors such as gentamycin and clindamycin could also contribute to the treatment. Additionally, it is unclear from the statement whether the patient recovered from chorioamnionitis, which would provide stronger evidence for the efficacy of ampicillin in treating this condition." -15830384,Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1431,Based on these results aztreonam appears to be at least as effective as and possibly more effective than amikacin when used initially with ampicillin for empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Based on these results aztreonam appears to be at least as effective as and possibly more effective than amikacin when used initially with ampicillin for empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"". The statement provided mentions that ampicillin is used in empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections, implying that it has some efficacy in treating such infections. However, the statement doesn't provide direct evidence of ampicillin's effectiveness in treating bacterial infections on its own, hence the term ""indirectly"". It's also important to note that antibiotic effectiveness can vary depending on the specific bacteria involved, as well as other factors such as dosage and duration of treatment." -14976711,Ampicillin treats osteomyelitis,1432,"When antibiotic therapy was delayed for seven days, osteomyelitis developed in four of eight animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin and in six of eight animals that received parenteral ampicillin therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When antibiotic therapy was delayed for seven days, osteomyelitis developed in four of eight animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin and in six of eight animals that received parenteral ampicillin therapy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ampicillin treats osteomyelitis. The statement suggests that animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin or those that received parenteral ampicillin therapy were less likely to develop osteomyelitis when antibiotic therapy was initiated within seven days. This implies that ampicillin has some therapeutic effect against osteomyelitis, even though it doesn't explicitly demonstrate that ampicillin cures osteomyelitis. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence would be required to definitively establish that ampicillin is an effective treatment for osteomyelitis in humans, as animal studies do not always translate to human outcomes due to differences in physiology and disease presentation." -12551965,Ampicillin treats Sepsis,1433,"In the present study, we validated the antagonism in combinations of VCM with other beta-lactams, i.e., flomoxef (FMOX), ampicillin (AMPC), azthreonam (AZT) and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS), in systemic infections and pneumoniain in mice.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the present study, we validated the antagonism in combinations of VCM with other beta-lactams, i.e., flomoxef (FMOX), ampicillin (AMPC), azthreonam (AZT) and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS), in systemic infections and pneumoniain in mice.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ampicillin treats sepsis. The study mentions ampicillin (AMPC) in combination with other beta-lactams as being validated for antagonism in systemic infections in mice. Sepsis is a severe infection that can lead to organ failure, so it can be classified as a systemic infection. Therefore, if ampicillin is effective in treating systemic infections in mice, it could potentially provide some benefit in treating sepsis as well. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary before making any definitive conclusions about ampicillin's effectiveness in treating sepsis in humans." -9906170,Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis,1434,"The mortality rate in this type of BM is still high among those treated with ampicillin or penicillin, and a decrease in the mortality rate was not observed when the reported cases in Spain in the last 30 years were analyzed.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The mortality rate in this type of BM is still high among those treated with ampicillin or penicillin, and a decrease in the mortality rate was not observed when the reported cases in Spain in the last 30 years were analyzed.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis."" In fact, it seems to suggest that ampicillin (or penicillin) may not be effective in treating bacterial meningitis (BM), as there is no observed decrease in mortality rate among patients treated with these antibiotics over the past 30 years in Spain. This implies that alternative treatments might be more successful in managing BM. Nonetheless, further investigation is required to draw definitive conclusions about ampicillin's efficacy in treating bacterial meningitis since this statement only reflects the situation in Spain over three decades." -8394714,Ampicillin treats gonorrhea,1435,Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Ampicillin treats gonorrhea"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea."" + In summary, while there is some" +9203015,Nicergoline treats dementia,1415,"OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia and other age-associated forms of cognitive decline,and to assess the safety and tolerability of the drug.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Nicergoline treats dementia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: To determine whether there is evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia and other age-associated forms of cognitive decline,and to assess the safety and tolerability of the drug.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Nicergoline treats dementia."" The objectives of the study explicitly mention determining evidence of efficacy of nicergoline in the treatment of dementia, which suggests that there is an expectation that nicergoline could have a positive effect on dementia symptoms. However, it is important to note that these objectives do not confirm that nicergoline treats dementia definitively; they only indicate that a study is being conducted to investigate this possibility. The results of that study would need to be evaluated separately in order to make any definitive conclusions about nicergoline's efficacy in treating dementia." +22026892,RAMUCIRUMAB treats adenocarcinoma,1416,"Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats adenocarcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methods: In this retrospective two-center study, 56 patients with metastatic gastric cancer (47%) or adenocarcinoma of the GEJ (53%) were treated with paclitaxel and ramucirumab (n=38) as second-line (75%) or beyond second-line (25%) therapy.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study involves treating patients diagnosed with either metastatic gastric cancer or adenocarcinoma of the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) using ramucirumab in combination with paclitaxel as second-line or beyond second-line therapy. Adenocarcinoma is a specific type of gastric cancer; therefore, it can be inferred that ramucirumab is indeed used in treating adenocarcinoma in this context. However, it is essential to note that the statement does not explicitly claim that ramucirumab treats adenocarcinoma as a single agent; it is used in combination therapy in these cases. - - The key term here is ""treatment,"" which implies that a given substance (in this case, ampicillin) is used to alleviate or cure a medical condition (gonorrhea). The statement ""Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea"" suggests that ampicillin is indeed used in addressing gonorrhea, thus providing indirect evidence that ampicillin can treat gonorrhea. + To further support this claim, one could look at existing literature on ramucirumab as monotherapy for adenocarcinoma treatment. For instance, in the REGARD trial (Fuchs et al., 2014), ramucirumab monotherapy demonstrated improved overall survival in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma following first-line chemotherapy compared to placebo" +21622108,RAMUCIRUMAB treats non-small cell lung carcinoma,1417,This study aimed to validate the primary prophylactic use of pegfilgrastim with docetaxel and ramucirumab treatment in Japanese patients with NSCLC.,True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats non-small cell lung carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aimed to validate the primary prophylactic use of pegfilgrastim with docetaxel and ramucirumab treatment in Japanese patients with NSCLC.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study aims to validate the use of ramucirumab in combination with docetaxel and pegfilgrastim for primary prophylaxis in Japanese patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). This implies that ramucirumab is being used as part of a treatment regimen for NSCLC, thus lending indirect support to the claim that ramucirumab treats non-small cell lung carcinoma. However, it is important to note that direct support would require specific efficacy data linking ramucirumab treatment to improved outcomes in NSCLC patients, which is not provided in the statement." +21474987,RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1418,Cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with alpha-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml.,True,"'Does the phrase ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cost-effectiveness analysis of ramucirumab treatment for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib with alpha-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The title suggests that ramucirumab is being analyzed for its cost-effectiveness in treating hepatocellular carcinoma patients who have progressed on sorafenib therapy and have alpha-fetoprotein concentrations of at least 400 ng/ml. The fact that an analysis is being conducted implies that there is some basis for considering ramucirumab as a potential treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in this specific patient population. - - However, it is important to note that antibiotic resistance has become increasingly common in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the bacterium that causes gonorrhea), which has led to ampicillin being less frequently used for treatment in recent years. This context underscores the need for continued evaluation of antibiotic efficacy in treating gonorrhea, as well as the importance of considering potential confounding factors when interpreting" -7166712,Ampicillin treats pneumonia,1436,[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in comparison with cefotiam in the treatment of elderly patients with pneumonia].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in comparison with cefotiam in the treatment of elderly patients with pneumonia].""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that ampicillin can treat pneumonia under certain conditions based on the provided statement. The title suggests a comparison of two treatments (sulbactam/ampicillin and cefotiam) for pneumonia in elderly patients. However, it does not explicitly state that ampicillin treats pneumonia alone; rather it is part of a combination therapy (sulbactam/ampicillin). + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. A cost-effectiveness analysis is an economic evaluation that compares the relative costs and outcomes of different interventions but does not provide direct evidence of therapeutic benefits. Therefore, further clinical evidence would be required to substantiate the claim that ""RAMUCIRUMAB treats hepatocellular carcinoma."" + + In summary, while the statement provides some level of indirect support for the consideration of ramucirumab as a treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in specific patients, it does not constitute definitive evidence" +23342893,TAFASITAMAB treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,1419,Lenalidomide was recently approved in combination with the anti-monoclonal B-cell antibody tafasitamab for patients with relapsed DLBCL after 1 to 3 previous treatments.,True,"'Does the phrase ""TAFASITAMAB treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Lenalidomide was recently approved in combination with the anti-monoclonal B-cell antibody tafasitamab for patients with relapsed DLBCL after 1 to 3 previous treatments.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that tafasitamab treats diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The statement indicates that lenalidomide was approved in combination with tafasitamab for patients with relapsed DLBCL after 1 to 3 previous treatments. This implies that tafasitamab is an active component in treating DLBCL, even though it is used in combination with lenalidomide. However, it is important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of tafasitamab's efficacy as a single agent in treating DLBCL. It only supports its use in combination therapy for relapsed DLBCL patients who have had previous treatments." +22828138,Thioctic acid treats cystinuria,1420,Tolvaptan and a-Lipoic acid were also tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in reduction of recurrence.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats cystinuria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tolvaptan and a-Lipoic acid were also tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in reduction of recurrence.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats cystinuria based on the provided statement. The statement indicates that both tolvaptan and alpha-lipoic acid (also known as thioctic acid) were tested in patients with cystinuria and resulted in a reduction of recurrence. This suggests that thioctic acid has some therapeutic effect on cystinuria, even if it does not necessarily mean that it treats the condition completely. However, it is important to note that direct evidence through clinical trials would provide stronger support for such a claim." +21111424,Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis,1421,"Conclusion: Six weeks of oral lipoic acid supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well tolerated; however, because of insufficient recruitment, we could not conclude that lipoic acid treatment was neuroprotective in acute optic neuritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusion: Six weeks of oral lipoic acid supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well tolerated; however, because of insufficient recruitment, we could not conclude that lipoic acid treatment was neuroprotective in acute optic neuritis.""?","No, the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats optic neuritis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The conclusion of the study indicates that thioctic acid (also known as alpha-lipoic acid) supplementation after acute optic neuritis is safe and well-tolerated; however, it does not provide evidence for its neuroprotective effects due to insufficient recruitment. Therefore, while thioctic acid may be safe for use in such cases, there is no evidence presented that it can effectively treat optic neuritis." +14414806,Thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome,1422,Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with alpha-lipoic acid.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome with alpha-lipoic acid.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats carpal tunnel syndrome based on the statement that alpha-lipoic acid is used in its treatment. Thioctic acid is also known as alpha-lipoic acid; they are two names for the same compound. Therefore, if alpha-lipoic acid is an effective treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome, then thioctic acid would be as well, since they are one and the same. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence specifically linking thioctic acid to carpal tunnel syndrome treatment would strengthen this conclusion." +11271151,Thioctic acid treats skin disorder,1423,Alpha-Lipoic acid-based PPARgamma agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats skin disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alpha-Lipoic acid-based PPARgamma agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats skin disorders based on the statement provided. Thioctic acid is also known as alpha-lipoic acid (ALA), which is an antioxidant that plays a crucial role in energy metabolism in the body. ALA has been found to have anti-inflammatory properties and can act as a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist. PPAR-gamma agonists have been studied for their potential therapeutic effects in treating various inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. + + However, it is essential to note that while there is some evidence suggesting that ALA may help alleviate symptoms of certain skin disorders due to its anti-inflammatory properties and PPAR-gamma agonist activity, more rigorous clinical trials are needed to establish its efficacy as a treatment for specific skin conditions conclusively. Additionally, thioctic acid is just one of many compounds that can act as an ALA-based PPAR-gamma agonist; therefore," +9864403,Thioctic acid treats multiple sclerosis,1424,"For study of antioxidant therapy efficiency in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis we investigated group 1 (18 patients) treated with alpha-lipoic acid and group 2 (14 patients) who received complex of antioxidants and neuroprotectors with various mechanisms of action (oc-lipoic acid, Nicotinamide, Acetylcysteine, Triovit Beta-carotine, Alpha-tocopheryl acetate, Ascorbic acid, Selenium, Pentoxifylline, Cerebrolysin, Amantadine hydrochloride) during 1 month, 2 times a year.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""For study of antioxidant therapy efficiency in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis we investigated group 1 (18 patients) treated with alpha-lipoic acid and group 2 (14 patients) who received complex of antioxidants and neuroprotectors with various mechanisms of action (oc-lipoic acid, Nicotinamide, Acetylcysteine, Triovit Beta-carotine, Alpha-tocopheryl acetate, Ascorbic acid, Selenium, Pentoxifylline, Cerebrolysin, Amantadine hydrochloride) during 1 month, 2 times a year.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid (also known as alpha-lipoic acid) treats multiple sclerosis (MS). The statement describes a study where two groups of patients with relapsing-remitting MS were given different treatments for one month, twice a year. Group 1 received alpha-lipoic acid (thioctic acid), while group 2 received a complex of antioxidants and neuroprotectors that included thioctic acid among other substances. + + However, there is no mention of any specific results regarding improvements in MS symptoms for either group after receiving their respective treatments. Without evidence of an association between thioctic acid treatment and improvements in MS symptoms, it is not possible to infer that thioctic acid can be used as a treatment for MS. - The inference here is that if sulbactam/ampicillin is found to be clinically effective in treating pneumonia in elderly patients (as suggested by the title), then it implies that ampicillin is also contributing positively towards treating pneumonia within that specific context (elderly patients). Nonetheless, it is crucial to read beyond just the title and examine the full study for more definitive conclusions about ampicillin's efficacy in treating pneumonia." -22520021,Carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1437,In this study results of treatment with ceftazidime were superior to results of treatment with amikacin/carbenicillin for invasive bacterial infections of newborn infants.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study results of treatment with ceftazidime were superior to results of treatment with amikacin/carbenicillin for invasive bacterial infections of newborn infants.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease. The statement provided indicates that carbenicillin was used in a study investigating invasive bacterial infections in newborn infants, suggesting its application in treating bacterial infections. Although ceftazidime showed superior results in that specific context, it does not negate carbenicillin's efficacy in treating bacterial infections in general. However, it is important to note that carbenicillin may not always be the first choice for treating bacterial infections due to potential issues such as antibiotic resistance or adverse effects in certain situations." -26119472,Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1438,Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections."" This is because conducting a clinical trial of a drug in a specific context (in this case, acute bacterial infections) implies that there is some underlying assumption or evidence that the drug has therapeutic potential for that condition. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof. The results of the clinical trial itself would need to be evaluated to determine whether bacampicillin is effective in treating acute bacterial infections. Additionally, even if the trial were successful, it would not necessarily mean that bacampicillin is effective for all types of bacterial infectious diseases, as bacterial infections can vary widely in their causes, symptoms, and severity. Therefore, while the statement provides some level of support for the claim, it does not conclusively prove it." -25659721,Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1439,The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" from the provided claim ""The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections."" + It is important to note that while antioxidants may have potential benefits in treating various conditions due to their ability to neutralize free radicals," +8933101,Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease,1425,"Despite the fact that this study was small and not randomized, this is the first indication that treatment with alpha-lipoic acid might be a successful 'neuroprotective' therapy option for AD and related dementias.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite the fact that this study was small and not randomized, this is the first indication that treatment with alpha-lipoic acid might be a successful 'neuroprotective' therapy option for AD and related dementias.""?","No, the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. Thioctic acid is another name for alpha-lipoic acid, but the statement only suggests that it might be a successful neuroprotective therapy option for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias, not that it treats AD. The study was small and not randomized, which means that the results should be interpreted with caution and do not provide definitive evidence of a treatment effect. Furthermore, the term ""neuroprotective"" implies that alpha-lipoic acid may help protect neurons from damage rather than treating the disease itself. Therefore, more rigorous studies are needed before claiming that thioctic acid treats Alzheimer disease." +8739967,Thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorder,1426,"STZ-diabetes resulted in increased blood pressure, which was partially improved by alpha-lipoic acid treatment.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""STZ-diabetes resulted in increased blood pressure, which was partially improved by alpha-lipoic acid treatment.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement suggests that alpha-lipoic acid treatment (also known as thioctic acid) partially improved increased blood pressure in rats with STZ-diabetes. However, it is important to note that this study was conducted in an animal model of diabetes (STZ-diabetes), not specifically in hypertensive disorder models. Therefore, while it provides some evidence for the potential blood pressure lowering effects of thioctic acid, it does not directly support the claim that thioctic acid treats hypertensive disorder in humans. Further studies in appropriate hypertension models would be required for stronger support of such a claim." +7865558,Thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1427,"AIMS: Thioctic acid (TA), glibenclamide and acarbose are widely used to either alone or concomitantly treat patients suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIMS: Thioctic acid (TA), glibenclamide and acarbose are widely used to either alone or concomitantly treat patients suffering from noninsulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the claim that thioctic acid treats type 2 diabetes mellitus. The statement only mentions that thioctic acid is used in treating noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), which is another term for type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, usage does not necessarily imply efficacy. To provide indirect support for the claim, there would need to be additional evidence suggesting that thioctic acid has a positive impact on type 2 diabetes mellitus." +7603474,Thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy,1428,"A two-central randomised single-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess efficacy of intravenous administration of trometamol salt of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid (Thioctacid 600, ""ASTA Medica"", Germany) in 200 ml of physiological solution in 40 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A two-central randomised single-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted to assess efficacy of intravenous administration of trometamol salt of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid (Thioctacid 600, ""ASTA Medica"", Germany) in 200 ml of physiological solution in 40 non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that thioctic acid treats diabetic neuropathy. The study described is a well-controlled clinical trial involving non-insulin dependent diabetic patients with symptomatic diabetic neuropathy who received intravenous administration of thioctic (alpha-lipoic) acid (Thioctacid 600) in 200 ml of physiological solution. The fact that it is randomized, single-blind placebo-controlled suggests that it was designed to minimize bias and ensure that any observed effects were due to thioctic acid rather than other factors. - The phrase ""useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections"" implies that Aspoxicillin (ASPC) has some efficacy in treating bacterial infections in children. Antibiotics, by definition, treat bacterial infections; therefore, it can be inferred that Aspoxicillin does indeed treat bacterial infectious disease, at least in pediatric patients. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of Aspoxicillin treating bacterial infections is not provided in this statement; hence, it is indirect support at best. + However, it is important to note that while the statement supports thioctic acid as a potential treatment for diabetic neuropathy, it does not necessarily prove that it treats diabetic neuropathy definitively. The results of the study would need to be analyzed in detail in order to determine whether thioctic acid had a statistically significant effect on diabetic neuropathy symptoms compared to placebo. Additionally, further studies would be needed to confirm these results before thioctic acid could be recommended as a standard treatment for diabetic neuropath" +21616335,Ampicillin treats Infection,1429,"Penicillin Allergy in Pregnancy: Moving From ""Rash"" Decisions to Accurate Diagnosis.The emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms has resulted in limitation or even elimination of drugs such as penicillin and ampicillin from available antibiotic choices for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Penicillin Allergy in Pregnancy: Moving From ""Rash"" Decisions to Accurate Diagnosis.The emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms has resulted in limitation or even elimination of drugs such as penicillin and ampicillin from available antibiotic choices for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology.""?","No, the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Infection"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses penicillin allergy in pregnancy and mentions that due to the emergence of beta-lactam-resistant pathogenic organisms, drugs like penicillin and ampicillin have become limited or eliminated from available antibiotic choices for treating common infections in obstetrics and gynecology. This statement implies that these drugs can be used for treating infections under certain conditions but does not provide any evidence that ampicillin specifically treats infections." +16205290,Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis,1430,"The patient was treated with pressors and antibiotics and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit where she received ampicillin, gentamycin, and clindamycin for suspected chorioamnionitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was treated with pressors and antibiotics and was admitted to the medical intensive care unit where she received ampicillin, gentamycin, and clindamycin for suspected chorioamnionitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis."" The patient in question was administered ampicillin as part of a treatment regimen for suspected chorioamnionitis, which suggests that ampicillin is used in treating this condition. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, while the administration of ampicillin may be associated with recovery from chorioamnionitis, it does not definitively prove that ampicillin treats chorioamnionitis. Further studies would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship." +15830384,Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1431,Based on these results aztreonam appears to be at least as effective as and possibly more effective than amikacin when used initially with ampicillin for empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Based on these results aztreonam appears to be at least as effective as and possibly more effective than amikacin when used initially with ampicillin for empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"". The reason is that if ampicillin were not effective in treating bacterial infections, it would not be used in combination with other antibiotics for empiric treatment of neonatal bacterial infections as mentioned in the statement. However, it is important to note that ampicillin is usually used in combination with other antibiotics because many bacterial infections are caused by multiple types of bacteria, some of which may be resistant to ampicillin. Therefore, while ampicillin does have therapeutic effects on certain bacterial infections, it may not be effective for all types of bacterial infections when used alone." +14976711,Ampicillin treats osteomyelitis,1432,"When antibiotic therapy was delayed for seven days, osteomyelitis developed in four of eight animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin and in six of eight animals that received parenteral ampicillin therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When antibiotic therapy was delayed for seven days, osteomyelitis developed in four of eight animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin and in six of eight animals that received parenteral ampicillin therapy.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement indicates that animals treated locally with microencapsulated ampicillin (a form of ampicillin) and those that received parenteral ampicillin therapy (direct administration of ampicillin into the body) had lower rates of osteomyelitis when antibiotic therapy was not delayed. This suggests that ampicillin could potentially be effective in treating osteomyelitis when administered promptly and appropriately. However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be inferred from this statement alone as other factors could have influenced these outcomes." +12551965,Ampicillin treats Sepsis,1433,"In the present study, we validated the antagonism in combinations of VCM with other beta-lactams, i.e., flomoxef (FMOX), ampicillin (AMPC), azthreonam (AZT) and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS), in systemic infections and pneumoniain in mice.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the present study, we validated the antagonism in combinations of VCM with other beta-lactams, i.e., flomoxef (FMOX), ampicillin (AMPC), azthreonam (AZT) and imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS), in systemic infections and pneumoniain in mice.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats Sepsis."" The study mentions that ampicillin (AMPC), in combination with other beta-lactams, was validated in systemic infections in mice. Sepsis is essentially a severe systemic inflammatory response caused by an infection, which can be treated using appropriate antibiotics such as ampicillin when the causative agent is susceptible. However, it is important to note that sepsis treatment usually involves combinations of antibiotics depending on the specific infection and patient condition; therefore, one should not infer that ampicillin alone is sufficient for treating sepsis based solely on this statement." +9906170,Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis,1434,"The mortality rate in this type of BM is still high among those treated with ampicillin or penicillin, and a decrease in the mortality rate was not observed when the reported cases in Spain in the last 30 years were analyzed.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The mortality rate in this type of BM is still high among those treated with ampicillin or penicillin, and a decrease in the mortality rate was not observed when the reported cases in Spain in the last 30 years were analyzed.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats bacterial meningitis."" In fact, it suggests that ampicillin (and penicillin) may not be effective in treating bacterial meningitis (BM), as there is no observed decrease in mortality rate among those treated with these antibiotics over the past 30 years in Spain. This implies that alternative treatments might be more successful in managing BM. Nonetheless, further investigation is required to draw definitive conclusions about ampicillin's efficacy in treating bacterial meningitis since other factors (such as bacterial resistance, dosage, duration of treatment, etc.) may influence treatment outcomes." +8394714,Ampicillin treats gonorrhea,1435,Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhoea.""?","Yes, the statement ""Ampicillin has assumed a prominent role in the treatment of gonorrhea"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ampicillin treats gonorrhea."" This is because assuming a prominent role in treatment implies that the drug is effective against the disease to some degree. However, it is important to note that ""treats"" is somewhat ambiguous - it could mean anything from significantly alleviating symptoms to completely curing the disease. Therefore, while there is support for the idea that ampicillin has some effect on gonorrhea, more specific information would be needed to determine the exact nature and extent of this effect." +7166712,Ampicillin treats pneumonia,1436,[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in comparison with cefotiam in the treatment of elderly patients with pneumonia].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ampicillin treats pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Clinical efficacy of sulbactam/ampicillin in comparison with cefotiam in the treatment of elderly patients with pneumonia].""?","Yes, the statement ""Ampicillin treats pneumonia"" does receive indirect support from the provided statement. The title of the study suggests that ampicillin, when combined with sulbactam, was compared to cefotiam in treating pneumonia in elderly patients. This implies that ampicillin was used in an attempt to treat pneumonia, thus providing indirect evidence that ampicillin can be used for treating pneumonia. However, it is important to note that the effectiveness of ampicillin in treating pneumonia may depend on various factors such as the type of pneumonia (e.g., community-acquired vs hospital-acquired), the patient's overall health status, potential allergies or side effects, and whether the bacteria causing the pneumonia is susceptible to ampicillin. Therefore, while the statement provides some support for the use of ampicillin in treating pneumonia, it does not necessarily confirm its overall efficacy in all cases of pneumonia." +22520021,Carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1437,In this study results of treatment with ceftazidime were superior to results of treatment with amikacin/carbenicillin for invasive bacterial infections of newborn infants.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study results of treatment with ceftazidime were superior to results of treatment with amikacin/carbenicillin for invasive bacterial infections of newborn infants.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that carbenicillin treats bacterial infectious disease. The statement provided indicates that carbenicillin was used in combination with amikacin as a treatment option for invasive bacterial infections in newborn infants in a study where it was compared against ceftazidime. The fact that it was used in such a context suggests that carbenicillin does have some therapeutic effect on bacterial infections, even though in this specific study it was not as effective as ceftazidime. - Additionally, it should be emphasized that further investigation is necessary before making definitive conclusions about Aspoxicillin's therapeutic efficacy against bacterial infections. This could include reviewing the actual study results mentioned in the statement, examining potential side effects of Aspoxicillin use in children, as well as considering" -13845936,Mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1440,"An open, multicentre study was performed in hospital in-patients at a total of 12 German hospitals to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin, piperacillin or cefotaxime in severe bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An open, multicentre study was performed in hospital in-patients at a total of 12 German hospitals to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin, piperacillin or cefotaxime in severe bacterial infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease. The statement mentions an open, multicentre study conducted in Germany involving 12 hospitals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy (effectiveness) and tolerability (safety) of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin in treating severe bacterial infections in hospital in-patients. + However, it is important to note that antibiotics like carbenicillin only treat bacterial infections; they have no effect on viral infections. Also, antibiotic resistance is an increasing concern in modern medicine, so while antibiotics like carbenicillin can be effective in treating bacterial infections, they should be used judiciously and appropriately based on culture results and susceptibility testing whenever possible." +26119472,Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1438,Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Bacampicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Clinical trial of bacampicillin in acute bacterial infections."" This is because conducting a clinical trial of a drug in a specific context (in this case, acute bacterial infections) implies that there is some underlying rationale for believing that the drug may be effective in treating that condition. In other words, if there were no basis for believing that bacampicillin could treat bacterial infections, it would not make sense to conduct such a trial. - The fact that researchers chose mezlocillin as one of the antibiotics for investigation in treating severe bacterial infections suggests that mezlocillin has potential antibacterial properties that could be useful in treating such diseases. However, it is important to note that this statement does not provide direct evidence of mezlocillin's effectiveness in treating bacterial infections as it only mentions an investigation of its efficacy but does not report on its outcomes. + However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim that bacampicillin treats bacterial infections, it does not constitute direct evidence. The fact that a clinical trial was conducted does not necessarily mean that the drug was found to be effective in that trial; it only suggests that there was some reason to believe it might be before the trial began. To fully evaluate the claim that bacampicillin treats bacterial infections, one would need to examine the results of that clinical trial (or ideally, multiple trials) in detail. - To further support this claim, one would need access to more detailed information about the study such as its design, sample size, results, statistical analysis, etc., which would allow for a more thorough evaluation of mezlocillin's efficacy in treating bacterial infections." + Additionally," +25659721,Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1439,The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that Aspoxicillin treats bacterial infectious disease from the statement ""The above results suggest that ASPC is an useful antibiotic for treating pediatric bacterial infections."" + + The statement implies that Aspoxicillin (ASPC) has been found useful in treating bacterial infections in pediatric patients. This suggests that Aspoxicillin has antibacterial properties that can help manage bacterial infectious diseases in children. However, it is important to note that direct evidence of Aspoxicillin treating bacterial infections is not provided in this statement; therefore, it only lends indirect support for the claim in question. + + Additionally, it is crucial that any conclusions drawn from such statements be based on rigorous scientific evaluation of evidence from well-designed studies published in reputable journals. The context of the statement, including details about the study design, sample size, statistical analysis, and potential conflicts of interest should also be taken into account when interpreting its implications for clinical practice." +13845936,Mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease,1440,"An open, multicentre study was performed in hospital in-patients at a total of 12 German hospitals to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin, piperacillin or cefotaxime in severe bacterial infections.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""An open, multicentre study was performed in hospital in-patients at a total of 12 German hospitals to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin, piperacillin or cefotaxime in severe bacterial infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that mezlocillin treats bacterial infectious disease. The statement mentions an open multicentre study conducted in Germany to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin in severe bacterial infections. This implies that mezlocillin was used as a treatment for bacterial infections in this study, providing indirect evidence for its use in treating such diseases. However, it is important to note that while this suggests its potential therapeutic value, it does not constitute direct evidence of its efficacy as a standalone treatment for bacterial infections without sulbactam." 7407212,Benzoyl Peroxide treats acne,1441,"Treatments for acne can be topical or systemic, and include retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and hormonal therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Benzoyl Peroxide treats acne"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatments for acne can be topical or systemic, and include retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and hormonal therapy.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Benzoyl Peroxide treats acne"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Treatments for acne can be topical or systemic, and include retinoids, antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and hormonal therapy."" - The statement lists various treatments for acne, one of which is benzoyl peroxide. This implies that benzoyl peroxide is recognized in the medical community as an effective treatment for acne. Therefore, it indirectly supports the claim that benzoyl peroxide treats acne by including it in a list of recognized treatments for acne. + The statement lists various treatments for acne, one of which is benzoyl peroxide. This implies that benzoyl peroxide is recognized as an effective treatment for acne in the medical community. Therefore, it indirectly supports the claim that benzoyl peroxide treats acne by including it in a list of recognized treatments for acne. - However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect support for the claim that benzoyl peroxide treats acne, it does not constitute direct evidence for its efficacy in treating acne. For direct evidence, one would need studies demonstrating its effectiveness in treating acne under controlled conditions." -26328908,Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease,1442,[Controlled and double-blind study of the treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine and proglumide].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Controlled and double-blind study of the treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine and proglumide].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease."" The study mentioned is controlled and double-blind, which suggests that it is methodologically sound and capable of providing valuable insights into the efficacy of the treatments being investigated - in this case, cimetidine and proglumide. + However, it is important to note that while benzoyl peroxide is recognized as an acne treatment, it may not be effective for all types of acne or all individuals. The effectiveness of benzoyl peroxide as an acne treatment can depend on various factors such as the severity of acne, individual skin type, potential side effects, and how it is used in combination with other treatments." +26328908,Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease,1442,[Controlled and double-blind study of the treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine and proglumide].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Controlled and double-blind study of the treatment of peptic ulcer with cimetidine and proglumide].""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease."" The study mentioned is controlled and double-blind, which suggests that it is methodologically sound and capable of providing valuable insights into the efficacy of the treatments being studied - in this case, cimetidine and proglumide. - Although the statement does not explicitly confirm that proglumide is an effective treatment for peptic ulcer disease, it does indicate that proglumide was included in a study specifically designed to evaluate its potential therapeutic benefits in treating peptic ulcers. This suggests that there is at least some basis for further investigation into proglumide as a potential treatment option for peptic ulcer disease. + However, it is important to note that the statement does not explicitly confirm that proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease; rather, it implies that proglumide is being studied in relation to peptic ulcer treatment. To definitively support the claim that proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease, one would need access to additional information from the study such as whether proglumide was found to be significantly more effective than a placebo in treating peptic ulcers, whether there were any adverse effects associated with its use, etc. - However, it is important to note that a single study does not necessarily provide conclusive evidence of a treatment's efficacy. In order to draw more definitive conclusions about proglumide's potential as a treatment for peptic ulcer disease, it would be necessary to consider additional evidence from other studies and sources. This might include replication studies, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, and other forms of scientific" -13022426,Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1443,Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD."" - - The key term here is ""alternative,"" which implies that Pirenzepine is one of several options available for treating GERD. This suggests that Pirenzepine does indeed have therapeutic effects on GERD, even if it may not be the first-line treatment for all patients. The statement also highlights that Pirenzepine could be particularly beneficial for those who have not responded well to other treatments (i.e., refractory patients), further supporting its efficacy in treating GERD. + In conclusion, while the statement does provide some level of indirect support for the claim that proglumide treats peptic ulcer disease, it is not sufficient on its own to confirm that proglumide is an effective treatment for peptic ulcers without further information from the" +13022426,Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease,1443,Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Pirenzepine may provide a unique alternative for some GERD patients who may be refractory to other therapies of GERD."" + + The key term here is ""alternative,"" which implies that Pirenzepine is one of the treatments for GERD. The statement also mentions that it could be beneficial for some patients who have not responded well to other therapies (refractory), suggesting that Pirenzepine has therapeutic potential for GERD management. However, it is important to note that this is indirect evidence, as it does not explicitly state that Pirenzepine treats GERD but rather implies it through its suggested use as an alternative treatment option for GERD patients. + + For more definitive evidence on Pirenzepine treating GERD, clinical trials and studies should be consulted where Pirenzepine is compared against placebo or other standard treatments for GERD in order to establish its efficacy in treating GERD conclus" +10839963,Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease,1444,Four hundred and two patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day) using the envelope method.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Four hundred and two patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day) using the envelope method.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease."" The statement only indicates that 402 patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy using either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day). It does not provide any information about the outcomes of the therapy or whether pirenzepine was effective in treating peptic ulcer disease. Therefore, it is not possible to make any conclusions about the efficacy of pirenzepine in treating peptic ulcer disease based on this statement alone." +16332442,Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum,1445,"In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients.""?","No, the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement ""In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients."" + + The statement provides evidence that magnesium oxide can reduce CIMT (carotid intima-media thickness) in PXE (pseudoxanthoma elasticum) mice, which is a potential indicator for disease prevention in PXE patients. However, autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum is a genetic condition caused by mutations in specific genes (ABCC6 being one of them). The statement does not provide any information about magnesium oxide correcting these genetic mutations or treating the autosomal recessive inherited nature of PXE. Therefore, it does not indirectly support magnesium oxide as a treatment for autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum but rather as a potential preventative measure for reducing CIMT in PXE" +15225864,Magnesium Oxide treats constipation disorder,1446,"This report presents the rare case of a 75-year-old woman who developed a rectal obstruction caused by a pharmacobezoar, following the long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics for constipation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats constipation disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This report presents the rare case of a 75-year-old woman who developed a rectal obstruction caused by a pharmacobezoar, following the long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics for constipation.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the claim that magnesium oxide can treat constipation disorder. The statement describes a case where long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics (a type of laxative) led to a rectal obstruction due to a pharmacobezoar (a mass of undissolved drug in the intestines). This suggests that magnesium oxide did have an effect on the woman's gastrointestinal system, indicating its use as a treatment for constipation. However, it's important to note that this is one case study and doesn't necessarily prove that magnesium oxide is an effective treatment for all cases of constipation disorder. Adverse effects such as rectal obstruction can occur with long-term use, which should be taken into consideration when evaluating its use as a treatment." +26045826,Ticarcillin treats Sepsis,1447,Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ticarcillin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections"" suggests that both Mezlocillin and Ticarcillin are used in treating severe infections, which can include Sepsis. However, it doesn't explicitly state that Ticarcillin treats Sepsis. Sepsis is indeed a serious systemic infection, so the use of Ticarcillin in its treatment can be inferred, but it is not directly stated in the provided context. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not unequivocal." +9410149,Ticarcillin treats osteomyelitis,1448,Obviously unbalanced comparative studies showed some benefit of ticarcillin for bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ticarcillin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Obviously unbalanced comparative studies showed some benefit of ticarcillin for bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species.""?","Yes, the statement ""Obviously unbalanced comparative studies showed some benefit of ticarcillin for bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ticarcillin treats osteomyelitis."" This is because osteomyelitis is a type of bone infection, and Pseudomonas species are known to cause such infections. Therefore, if there is evidence suggesting that ticarcillin has some beneficial effect on bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species, it can be inferred that ticarcillin could potentially be used to treat osteomyelitis caused by these species. However, it is important to note that this inference is based on indirect evidence, and further investigation would be required to confirm the efficacy of ticarcillin in treating osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas species specifically. Additionally, unbalanced comparative studies have inherent limitations, such as potential confounding factors and bias, which could influence the observed effect. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not definitive proof that ticarcillin should be used to treat osteomy" +26823243,Urea treats citrullinemia,1449,"The precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine and alpha-amino nitrogen) did not increase after the benzoate administration in the 6 normal subjects as well as in the 2 patients with citrullinaemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats citrullinemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine and alpha-amino nitrogen) did not increase after the benzoate administration in the 6 normal subjects as well as in the 2 patients with citrullinaemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats citrullinemia."" The statement discusses the administration of benzoate in both normal subjects and patients with citrullinemia, noting that there was no significant increase in precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine, and alpha-amino nitrogen). However, it does not mention urea administration nor its effects on citrullinemia patients. To provide indirect support for ""Urea treats citrullinemia,"" there should be some indication that urea has beneficial effects on citrullinemia patients in particular or related metabolic processes; however, such evidence is absent in this statement." +25855602,Urea treats argininosuccinic aciduria,1450,The relationship between the formation of urea and argininosuccinate in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria studied with labelled precursors.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats argininosuccinic aciduria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The relationship between the formation of urea and argininosuccinate in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria studied with labelled precursors.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that phrase. The statement suggests that there is a relationship between urea formation and argininosuccinate in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria when studied using labelled precursors. This implies that urea might play some role in managing argininosuccinic aciduria, which aligns with the claim that urea can treat argininosuccinic aciduria. However, it is important to note that this does not provide direct evidence of treatment efficacy; further studies would be needed to establish that." +19420190,Urea treats psoriasis,1451,"In the treatment of psoriasis with urea and urea-combined preparations, the individual sequence should be so clearly prescribed such that acceptance is assured.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the treatment of psoriasis with urea and urea-combined preparations, the individual sequence should be so clearly prescribed such that acceptance is assured.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats psoriasis."" The statement suggests that there is a specific sequence in which urea or urea-combined preparations should be used in the treatment of psoriasis, implying that proper usage may enhance acceptance or effectiveness of treatment. However, it does not confirm that urea itself treats psoriasis. Further investigation into clinical trials, mechanistic studies, and medical literature would be required to establish whether urea has therapeutic effects on psoriasis." +17323203,Urea treats radiodermatitis,1452,"RESULTS: Effective treatment with urea has been reported for the following conditions: ichthyosis, xerosis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, contact dermatitis, radiation induced dermatitis, psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, tinea pedis, keratosis, pruritus, and dystrophic nails.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats radiodermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Effective treatment with urea has been reported for the following conditions: ichthyosis, xerosis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, contact dermatitis, radiation induced dermatitis, psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, tinea pedis, keratosis, pruritus, and dystrophic nails.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Urea treats radiodermatitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement lists ""radiation induced dermatitis"" as one of the conditions that has been effectively treated with urea. Radiodermatitis is a type of dermatitis that results from exposure to radiation, often in the context of cancer treatment. Therefore, the statement suggests that urea could be an effective treatment for radiodermatitis. However, it is important to note that this is indirect support based on a single statement, and further evidence would be needed to confirm this claim." +15413374,Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1453,"INTRODUCTION: Sorafenib is a novel oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which several therapies are currently available with unsatisfactory results.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Sorafenib is a novel oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which several therapies are currently available with unsatisfactory results.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma"". The statement introduces Sorafenib as an oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefits in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Bis-aryl urea is different from urea; hence, it does not imply that urea itself has any therapeutic effect on HCC." +12068406,Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1454,These findings are consistent with the inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis and support the use of acyl ureas for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings are consistent with the inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis and support the use of acyl ureas for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.""?","No, the phrase ""Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses acyl ureas, not urea itself, in relation to treating type 2 diabetes mellitus by inhibiting hepatic glycogenolysis. Urea is not an acyl urea; it is a simple organic compound that contains nitrogen from ammonia (NH3) combined with carbon dioxide (CO2). Therefore, there is no implicit support for urea as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the given statement." +11649881,Urea treats Pain,1455,"Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of pain: structure-activity relationships for ureas with quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline moieties.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of pain: structure-activity relationships for ureas with quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline moieties.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of pain: structure-activity relationships for ureas with quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline moieties."" The key components that provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats Pain"" include the mention of ureas in conjunction with various moieties (quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline) as novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor antagonists for pain treatment. + + The rationale behind this indirect support stems from our understanding of TRPV1 receptors as key mediators of pain signaling in the nervous system (Caterina et al., 1997). Antagonizing these receptors has been shown to reduce pain sensitivity in various models of pain (Julius & Basbaum, 2001). Therefore, identifying novel urea-based compounds that act" +10679439,Urea treats skin disorder,1456,[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats skin disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Urea treats skin disorder"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES]."" This is because neurotrophic skin diseases constitute a type of skin disorder. Urea's therapeutic application in treating such diseases implies that it has beneficial effects on skin health under certain conditions, thus lending credence to the broader claim that urea can be used in treating skin disorders. However, it is important to note that neurotrophic skin diseases represent only a specific subset of skin disorders; therefore, further investigation would be required to establish whether urea is effective for other types of skin conditions as well." +10511987,Urea treats diabetes mellitus,1457,"[Preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes by N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea or D 860, a product free of antibacterial action].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes by N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea or D 860, a product free of antibacterial action].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats diabetes mellitus."" The statement discusses a preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes using N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea (D 860), which is different from urea. Urea is a waste product that is not typically associated with direct therapeutic benefits for diabetes mellitus. Therefore, without additional evidence linking urea specifically to diabetes treatment, one cannot infer that urea is an effective treatment for diabetes based on this statement about D 860." +8678587,"Urea treats dermatitis, atopic",1458,"In the present report, we compared two creams, identical with the exception that one contained both urea and sodium chloride and the other urea alone, in 22 patients with atopic dermatitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the present report, we compared two creams, identical with the exception that one contained both urea and sodium chloride and the other urea alone, in 22 patients with atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats dermatitis, atopic"". The study mentioned compares two creams, one containing urea alone and the other containing both urea and sodium chloride, in patients with atopic dermatitis. This suggests that urea is being tested for its potential therapeutic effects on atopic dermatitis. However, it's important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of urea's efficacy in treating atopic dermatitis, as it does not report on the results of the comparison." +27251301,Mannitol treats brain cancer,1459,"Hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD), produced by infusion of mannitol into the cerebral arteries, has been used in the treatment of brain tumors to increase drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD), produced by infusion of mannitol into the cerebral arteries, has been used in the treatment of brain tumors to increase drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that mannitol is used in hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD) for treating brain tumors by increasing drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain tissues. This implies that mannitol might have some therapeutic effect in treating brain cancer, although it does not explicitly say that mannitol treats brain cancer on its own. Instead, it suggests that mannitol could be an adjunct therapy in enhancing drug delivery for brain cancer treatment. However, it is important to note that more direct evidence would be needed to definitively claim that mannitol treats brain cancer independently of other drugs." +21059003,Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder,1460,[Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness].""?","Yes, the statement ""Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder"". The use of mannitol in treating deafness implies that it has some sort of positive effect on hearing loss disorders, which aligns with the general idea conveyed by ""Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder"". However, it is important to note that direct support would require more specific evidence linking mannitol administration to improvements in hearing loss disorders in controlled studies. The term ""treats"" can be interpreted in different ways, so further investigation would be necessary for a definitive conclusion." +20425957,Mannitol treats osteoarthritis,1461,Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of 2% sodium hyaluronate plus 0.5% mannitol in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of 2% sodium hyaluronate plus 0.5% mannitol in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement indicates that there is an ongoing study on the efficacy and safety of intra-articular injection of 2% sodium hyaluronate plus 0.5% mannitol in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. The fact that mannitol is included in the study suggests that it may have some therapeutic potential in treating osteoarthritis, at least when used in conjunction with sodium hyaluronate. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and the actual results of the study are needed to make any definitive conclusions about the efficacy of mannitol in treating osteoarthritis." +16945033,Mannitol treats hypotensive disorder,1462,"These values were correlated with expected risk factors for lactatemia including length of surgery, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypotension, hemoglobin and mannitol therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These values were correlated with expected risk factors for lactatemia including length of surgery, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypotension, hemoglobin and mannitol therapy.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly confirm that mannitol treats hypotensive disorder, it does provide indirect support for its potential therapeutic use in managing hypotension. The correlation between mannitol therapy and hypotension suggests that mannitol may have an impact on blood pressure regulation. However, it is important to note that correlation does not imply causation, so further investigation would be necessary to establish whether mannitol is treating hypotension or if there is another explanation for this observed correlation. Additionally, the statement does not provide information about the direction of effect (i.e., whether mannitol therapy leads to decreased hypotension), which is crucial for understanding its potential therapeutic value in treating hypotensive disorder." +12644644,Mannitol treats Pain,1463,"Further treatments with intravenous mannitol, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, topical antiglaumatic agents and subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further treatments with intravenous mannitol, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, topical antiglaumatic agents and subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats Pain"". In fact, it suggests that mannitol was ineffective in treating pain and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in this particular case. The statement lists several treatments that were tried, including intravenous mannitol, which all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation. This implies that mannitol did not alleviate the pain symptoms in this instance, thus not supporting the claim that mannitol treats pain. + + However, it is important to note that this evidence is derived from a single case study, which has limited power in establishing generalized conclusions about mannitol's effectiveness in pain treatment due to factors such as individual variability in response to treatments and potential confounding factors in the study design. Further research involving larger sample sizes, controlled experiments, and robust study designs would be required to make definitive conclusions about mannitol's efficacy in treating pain." +11774217,Mannitol treats brain injury,1464,CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage.""?","Yes, the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain injury"". This is because improved cerebral perfusion can potentially lead to better outcomes in patients with brain injury by ensuring adequate blood flow and oxygen supply to the brain tissue. However, it is important to note that this does not directly confirm that mannitol treats brain injury as further research would be needed to establish causality and efficacy in treating brain injury specifically." +11660589,Mannitol treats malaria,1465,"A possibly indulgent wish list of outcome (mortality) studies using currently known treatment modalities, however, includes the loading dose of quinine, vigorous fluid replacement, ET, the artemisinins, mannitol, and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of severe malaria.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A possibly indulgent wish list of outcome (mortality) studies using currently known treatment modalities, however, includes the loading dose of quinine, vigorous fluid replacement, ET, the artemisinins, mannitol, and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of severe malaria.""?","Yes, while indirectly, the statement does lend some support to the phrase ""Mannitol treats malaria."" The passage mentions mannitol as part of a list of treatment modalities for severe malaria, suggesting that it is being considered or used in some capacity in treating the disease. However, it is important to note that this statement does not explicitly confirm that mannitol is an effective treatment for malaria; it merely includes it as one of several options being explored. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to establish the direct therapeutic efficacy of mannitol in treating malaria." +11613595,Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1466,CONCLUSION: We propose that AHR to mannitol could predict ICS-responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We propose that AHR to mannitol could predict ICS-responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients.""?","No, the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The conclusion of the study suggests that mannitol may be useful as a predictor for ICS (Inhaled Corticosteroid) responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients based on AHR (Airway Hyperresponsiveness) to mannitol. However, it does not imply that mannitol is a treatment for COPD. The study is investigating mannitol as a potential predictive marker for ICS responsiveness in COPD patients, not as a treatment for COPD itself." +10724016,Mannitol treats acute kidney failure,1467,MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats acute kidney failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Mannitol treats acute kidney failure"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE."" This is because mannitol is mentioned in conjunction with acute renal failure (also known as acute kidney injury), implying its use as a treatment. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. A thorough evaluation of clinical trials and peer-reviewed studies is necessary to establish the therapeutic value of mannitol in treating acute kidney failure." +10707564,Mannitol treats injury,1468,Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats.""?","Yes, the statement ""Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats injury"". This is because ischemic injury is a type of injury characterized by insufficient blood supply to an organ or tissue, such as in stroke or trauma situations. Mannitol, as an osmotic diuretic, can help reduce brain swelling by drawing water out of brain cells, thereby potentially mitigating ischemic injury consequences. + + However, it is important to note that while this statement supports mannitol's potential therapeutic effect on ischemic injury in rats following a specific type of insult (short-duration forebrain ischemic), it does not necessarily mean that mannitol will be equally effective in treating all types of injuries in different organisms (including humans). Further investigation is required to establish mannitol's efficacy in various injury models and its underlying mechanisms of action in order to make more definitive conclusions about its therapeutic potential in treating injuries in general." +9454905,Mannitol treats ciguatera fish poisoning,1469,IV mannitol is considered the treatment of choice for CP but has not been evaluated in a double-blind randomized trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats ciguatera fish poisoning"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""IV mannitol is considered the treatment of choice for CP but has not been evaluated in a double-blind randomized trial.""?","Yes, while not providing direct evidence, the statement does lend indirect support to the claim that intravenous (IV) mannitol is used in treating ciguatera fish poisoning (CP). The statement suggests that IV mannitol is considered the treatment of choice for CP by medical professionals, even though it has not been evaluated in a double-blind randomized trial. This implies that there is some consensus in the medical community regarding mannitol's efficacy in treating CP based on observational studies, case reports, or other forms of evidence. However, it is important to note that without results from a rigorous double-blind randomized trial, the level of evidence supporting mannitol as an effective treatment for CP is still limited." +9438138,Mannitol treats stroke disorder,1470,Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats stroke disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats stroke disorder."" + + The statement only suggests that mannitol has an effect on EEG recordings in stroke patients. It does not necessarily imply that these effects are therapeutic or beneficial for treating stroke disorders. Furthermore, even if mannitol were shown to have some effect on EEG recordings in stroke patients, this would not be sufficient evidence to conclude that it treats stroke disorder, as further studies would be needed to establish such a link. Therefore, without additional information linking mannitol's effects on EEG recordings to improved stroke outcomes, one cannot infer that mannitol treats stroke disorder based on this statement alone." +8850005,Mannitol treats coronary artery disorder,1471,"The data suggest the need to further evaluate the physiological importance of the increase in coronary blood flow produced by mannitol in patients with coronary artery disease and indicate the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease,",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest the need to further evaluate the physiological importance of the increase in coronary blood flow produced by mannitol in patients with coronary artery disease and indicate the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease,""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that mannitol treats coronary artery disorder. The statement suggests that mannitol increases coronary blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease, which is a positive physiological effect. Furthermore, it indicates the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease. However, it should be noted that this is indirect evidence and further evaluation is needed to confirm the therapeutic value of mannitol in treating coronary artery disorder. The statement does not provide direct evidence of treatment efficacy, but rather implies potential benefits based on observed physiological changes." +8674974,Mannitol treats bronchiectasis,1472,The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats bronchiectasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis.""?","Yes, the statement ""The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats bronchiectasis."" This is because improved mucus clearance is generally associated with better disease outcomes in bronchiectasis patients, suggesting that mannitol could potentially have therapeutic benefits for treating bronchiectasis. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. A more robust evaluation of mannitol as a treatment for bronchiectasis would require controlled clinical trials assessing clinically relevant endpoints such as exacerbation rates, lung function decline, and quality of life measures." +8007841,"Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive",1473,Treatment of chronic myelocytic leukaemia with dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of chronic myelocytic leukaemia with dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive."" The statement mentions dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol), which is different from mannitol alone in its chemical structure and properties due to the addition of bromine atoms. The effects of dibromo-mannitol on chronic myelocytic leukemia cannot be generalized to mannitol without further evidence specifically investigating mannitol's impact on chronic myelogenous leukemia (BCR-ABL1 positive). + + To further elaborate on why there is no indirect support for this claim, let us consider some aspects of mannitol and dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol). Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used primarily as a diuretic, sweetener, and in medical applications as an osmotic agent for reducing intracranial pressure. Dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol), on the other hand, is an experimental compound that has been studied in limited contexts for its potential anticancer" +7780960,Mannitol treats cystic fibrosis,1474,Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats cystic fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients."" + + Mannitol is identified as a potential mucoactive agent in this context, which implies its potential therapeutic use in cystic fibrosis. Mucoactive agents aim to modify mucus properties, enhancing its clearance from the airways, thereby alleviating symptoms associated with cystic fibrosis. Although the statement does not explicitly confirm that mannitol treats cystic fibrosis, it does suggest that mannitol could play a positive role in managing the disease by acting on mucus clearance. + + However, it is essential to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive evidence of treatment efficacy. Further investigation through rigorous clinical trials is necessary to establish mannitol as an effective treatment for cystic fibrosis." +7352141,Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension,1475,"CONCLUSION: Hypertonic saline, in both 3 and 23.4% concentrations, is as effective as mannitol in the treatment of intracranial hypertension observed in association with ICH.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Hypertonic saline, in both 3 and 23.4% concentrations, is as effective as mannitol in the treatment of intracranial hypertension observed in association with ICH.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension"". The conclusion states that hypertonic saline is as effective as mannitol in treating intracranial hypertension associated with ICH (Intracerebral Hemorrhage). This implies that mannitol is indeed effective in treating intracranial hypertension, as it is being compared to another effective treatment (hypertonic saline) in terms of efficacy. However, it's important to note that this doesn't necessarily mean mannitol is superior or preferred over other treatments, but rather that it has demonstrated efficacy in treating intracranial hypertension." +7084538,Mannitol treats brain edema,1476,CONCLUSIONS: Acute mannitol used in patients with cerebral edema after a large hemispheric infarction does not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Acute mannitol used in patients with cerebral edema after a large hemispheric infarction does not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain edema"". In fact, it suggests that mannitol use in patients with cerebral edema after a large hemispheric infarction does not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status. This implies that mannitol may not be effective in treating brain edema in these specific cases. However, further research would be needed to make definitive conclusions about mannitol's effectiveness in treating brain edema in general." +23769437,Temocillin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1477,The objective is to investigate if temocillin is non-inferior to carbapenems in the targeted treatment of bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Temocillin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective is to investigate if temocillin is non-inferior to carbapenems in the targeted treatment of bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that temocillin is being investigated for its potential non-inferiority compared to carbapenems in treating bacteraemia caused by 3GCR-E bacteria. Bacteraemia is a type of bacterial infection that can lead to sepsis if not treated promptly and effectively. Therefore, if temocillin is found to be non-inferior to carbapenems in treating bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E, it could be inferred that temocillin is effective in treating bacterial infections associated with sepsis. However, it's important to note that this is an indirect inference and the direct claim being investigated in the statement is about bacteraemia caused by specific bacteria, not sepsis in general." +17734631,Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1478,CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.""?","Yes, the statement ""CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma"". The conclusion suggests that artesunate (which is derived from artesunic acid) has potential therapeutic benefits for hepatocellular carcinoma. However, it is important to note that ""treats"" is a strong word that implies direct causality and complete resolution of the disease state, which may not be fully supported by the conclusion provided. The conclusion only suggests that artesunate could offer a new approach to therapy, implying further investigation is needed before definitive statements about treatment can be made." +16415826,Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease,1479,Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease.""?","Yes, the statement ""Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease"" does lend indirect support to the claim that ""Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease."" This is because artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin, which is found in the plant Artemisia annua L., also known as sweet wormwood. Artemisinin and its derivatives, including artesunate, have been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries to treat various conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders. + + The statement implies that there is evidence suggesting artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease, which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While it does not explicitly state that artesunic acid treats Crohn disease, it suggests that artesunate may have therapeutic benefits for Crohn's disease patients. This inference is based on the premise that artesunate and artesunic acid share similar chemical structures and potentially overlapping biological activities due to their common origin in artemisinin. + + However, it is essential to note that further investigation is required before making definitive" +15681287,Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm,1480,Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors.""?","No, the statement ""Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite - that artesunic acid (also known as artesunate) may induce resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors. This could imply that artesunic acid might not be an effective treatment for breast neoplasm (i.e., breast cancer), but rather could potentially exacerbate the disease by promoting resistance in aggressive tumors. + + The statement comes from an in vitro (i.e., laboratory experiments using cells) and in vivo (i.e., experiments using live animals) study investigating the effects of artesunic acid on breast tumors. The researchers found that artesunic acid treatment led to resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors, which is not indicative of a therapeutic effect but rather suggests that artesunic acid may have detrimental consequences in treating breast cancer. + + It is important to note that while in vitro and" +13704055,Artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection,1481,"This is the first report of treatment of cytomegalovirus infection with artesunate, for a stem cell transplant recipient with a newly identified foscarnet-resistant and ganciclovir-resistant DNA polymerase L776M mutation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first report of treatment of cytomegalovirus infection with artesunate, for a stem cell transplant recipient with a newly identified foscarnet-resistant and ganciclovir-resistant DNA polymerase L776M mutation.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support that artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection based on the statement provided. The key point here is that artesunate was used as a treatment for cytomegalovirus infection in a patient who had developed resistance to other conventional treatments (foscarnet and ganciclovir). This suggests that artesunate may have some efficacy against cytomegalovirus infections, at least in cases where other treatments have failed. However, it is important to note that this is based on a single case report and further studies would be needed to confirm these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of artesunate for this indication." +13022850,Artesunic acid treats neoplasm,1482,The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice"" suggests that artesunate, which is a derivative of artesunic acid, has demonstrated anticancer effects in preclinical studies using mouse models of human cancer (human xenograft tumors). This implies that artesunic acid might also have similar anticancer properties since it is structurally related to artesunate. However, it is important to note that these findings from preclinical studies do not necessarily translate into similar effects in humans; thus further clinical studies in humans would be required for more definitive evidence of artesunic acid's anticancer activity in humans (neoplasm)." +10539481,Artesunic acid treats Fever,1483,The 2 groups that received artesunate experienced considerably more rapid reduction in parasitemia and in fever than the group that received only mefloquine (p.002).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 2 groups that received artesunate experienced considerably more rapid reduction in parasitemia and in fever than the group that received only mefloquine (p.002).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that artesunic acid (artesunate is a derivative of artesunic acid) treats fever. The study found that groups who received artesunate had a significantly more rapid reduction in fever compared to the group that received only mefloquine (p=0.002). This suggests that artesunate has an impact on fever reduction, providing evidence for its potential antipyretic properties. However, it is important to note that this statement does not directly prove that artesunic acid treats fever but rather implies its potential effectiveness in fever reduction as part of a broader treatment plan in combination with other drugs like mefloquine." +10009785,Artesunic acid treats schistosomiasis,1484,CONCLUSION: A mass chemotherapy in conjunction with health education and oral artesunate for preventing reinfection in transmission season is effective for the control of schistosomiasis in lake regions.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats schistosomiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: A mass chemotherapy in conjunction with health education and oral artesunate for preventing reinfection in transmission season is effective for the control of schistosomiasis in lake regions.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion mentions oral artesunate as part of an effective strategy for controlling schistosomiasis in lake regions. Artesunic acid is a derivative of artesunate, sharing similar biological properties and mechanisms of action. Therefore, it is reasonable to infer that if artesunate is effective in treating schistosomiasis, then artesunic acid may also have similar therapeutic potential against this disease. However, it is important to note that direct evidence specifically linking artesunic acid to treating schistosomiasis would provide stronger support for such a claim." +9194607,Artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis,1485,"Artesunate and praziquantel for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Artesunate and praziquantel for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis based on the provided statement. The study mentions artesunate, which is a derivative of artesunic acid, as part of its treatment for Schistosoma haematobium infections. Schistosoma haematobium is known to cause urinary schistosomiasis; therefore, if artesunate is effective in treating these infections, it suggests that artesunic acid may also have similar therapeutic properties against urinary schistosomiasis due to their close chemical relationship. However, it is important to note that artesunic acid has not been explicitly studied in relation to urinary schistosomiasis; thus, further investigation is required for a definitive conclusion." +7990355,Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria,1486,"To define the current efficacy of Fansidar (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel Switzerland) (pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine), primaquine in a high dose, and artesunate for treating acute Plasmodium vivax malaria, we conducted a comparative clinical trial of these 3 drugs in an open-label study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To define the current efficacy of Fansidar (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel Switzerland) (pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine), primaquine in a high dose, and artesunate for treating acute Plasmodium vivax malaria, we conducted a comparative clinical trial of these 3 drugs in an open-label study.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study includes artesunate as one of the treatments being compared for Plasmodium vivax malaria, which suggests that artesunate is being considered as an effective treatment for this type of malaria. However, it does not explicitly state that artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria. Artesunic acid is a salt of artesunate, and while they share similar therapeutic properties, they are not identical. Therefore, further evidence would be needed to explicitly support the claim that artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria." +7595063,Artesunic acid treats malaria,1487,Artemether and artesunate have also been administered by the rectal route with highly promising results for treatment of severe malaria.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Artemether and artesunate have also been administered by the rectal route with highly promising results for treatment of severe malaria.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that artesunic acid treats malaria based on the provided statement. Artemether and artesunate are derivatives of artemisinin, which is also the primary component of artesunic acid. These compounds share similar mechanisms of action in treating malaria by targeting the malaria parasite's erythrocytic stages. + + The statement highlights that artemether and artesunate have shown promising results in treating severe malaria when administered rectally. Although it does not explicitly mention artesunic acid, their shared origin from artemisinin suggests that artesunic acid may also have therapeutic potential against malaria. + + However, it is essential to note that direct evidence of artesunic acid's efficacy in treating malaria should be sought from clinical trials and experimental studies specifically investigating artesunic acid as an antimalarial agent. The indirect support provided by the statement should be considered preliminary evidence at best until more specific studies can be conducted." +7113713,Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria,1488,Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. Artesunic acid is a prodrug that gets rapidly converted into dihydroartemisinin upon administration in vivo. Dihydroartemisinin is an active metabolite responsible for most of artesunic acid's antimalarial effects. The statement mentions declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria. This implies that artesunic acid is being metabolized into dihydroartemisinin, which is subsequently reducing Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia. Therefore, it suggests that artesunic acid does indeed treat Plasmodium falciparum malaria by being metabolized into dihydroartemisinin in vivo. - However, it is essential to note that while indirect support exists based on this statement alone, more robust evidence would be required for definitive conclusions about Pirenzepine's therapeutic utility in GERD treatment. Such evidence could include clinical trial results demonstrating significant improvements in GERD symptoms among patients treated with Pirenz" -10839963,Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease,1444,Four hundred and two patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day) using the envelope method.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Four hundred and two patients with peptic ulcer were selected for acute therapy with either pirenzepine (100 mg/day) or cimetidine (800 mg/day) using the envelope method.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Pirenzepine treats peptic ulcer disease."" The statement simply describes a clinical trial where patients were given either pirenzepine or cimetidine for acute therapy of peptic ulcer disease using the envelope method for randomization. It does not provide any information about the efficacy of pirenzepine in treating peptic ulcer disease." -16332442,Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum,1445,"In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In that context, magnesium oxide significantly reduced CIMT in PXE mice, and may be useful for disease prevention in PXE patients.""?","No, the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE)"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. + + However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be established solely based on this statement as it does not explicitly demonstrate that artesunic acid reduces Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia in patients. Additional evidence from clinical trials would be required for stronger support of artesunic acid treating Pl" +7264251,Artemether treats malaria,1489,These data demonstrate the equality of artemether and quinine for severe malaria and indicate a trend toward greater effectiveness of artemether in regions where there is recognized quinine resistance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artemether treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These data demonstrate the equality of artemether and quinine for severe malaria and indicate a trend toward greater effectiveness of artemether in regions where there is recognized quinine resistance.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that artemether treats malaria. The statement compares the efficacy of artemether and quinine in treating severe malaria, suggesting that artemether is at least as effective as quinine, if not more so. This implies that artemether can indeed treat malaria, as quinine is already an established treatment for the disease. Furthermore, the recognition of quinine resistance in certain regions strengthens the argument for artemether as a viable alternative treatment for malaria in those areas where quinine resistance is prevalent. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for artemether as an effective treatment for malaria, it does not constitute definitive proof of its efficacy in all cases of malaria infection. Further studies would be required for such an assertion." +7168046,Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria,1490,"The spectrum of falciparum malaria treatment has recently broadened to include new drugs such as artemisinin, artemether or atovaquone/proguanil, the latter being as yet unauthorized in France.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The spectrum of falciparum malaria treatment has recently broadened to include new drugs such as artemisinin, artemether or atovaquone/proguanil, the latter being as yet unauthorized in France.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions artemisinin and artemether as part of the recent broadening of the treatment spectrum for falciparum malaria. This implies that these drugs are used in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which is consistent with the claim that artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, it's important to note that indirect support is not as strong as direct evidence, and for a more definitive conclusion, direct clinical trial evidence or mechanistic studies demonstrating artemether's efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum would be required." +25827221,Isoproterenol treats obstructive lung disease,1491,Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease."" - The statement suggests that magnesium oxide significantly reduced Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (CIMT) in PXE mice, which is a potential beneficial effect for disease prevention in PXE patients. However, it does not explicitly state that magnesium oxide treats autosomal recessive inherited pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). + - PXE is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene, leading to mineralization of soft tissues such as skin, eyes, and cardiovascular system. While magnesium oxide may have potential benefits in managing some symptoms of PXE by reducing CIMT, it does not necessarily imply that it treats the underlying genetic cause of PXE. + Isoproterenol, also known as isoprenaline, is a medication used in treating obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It works by relaxing muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs, thereby alleviating symptoms of obstructive lung diseases (National Library of Medicine, n.d.). - Therefore, further research would be required to establish whether magnesium oxide has any direct therapeutic effects on PXE itself rather than just potential sympt" -15225864,Magnesium Oxide treats constipation disorder,1446,"This report presents the rare case of a 75-year-old woman who developed a rectal obstruction caused by a pharmacobezoar, following the long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics for constipation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Magnesium Oxide treats constipation disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This report presents the rare case of a 75-year-old woman who developed a rectal obstruction caused by a pharmacobezoar, following the long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics for constipation.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly state that magnesium oxide treats constipation disorder, it does provide indirect support for this claim. The report details a case where a 75-year-old woman experienced rectal obstruction due to long-term ingestion of magnesium oxide cathartics, which are used for constipation. This suggests that magnesium oxide indeed has an effect on constipation, although it should be noted that in this case, it led to a complication. Therefore, while magnesium oxide can be used to treat constipation, it should be used under medical supervision due to potential side effects." -26045826,Ticarcillin treats Sepsis,1447,Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ticarcillin treats Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""Mezlocillin and ticarcillin in the treatment of patients with serious systemic infections"" suggests that both Mezlocillin and Ticarcillin are used in treating severe infections, which can include sepsis. However, it doesn't explicitly state that Ticarcillin treats sepsis on its own. Sepsis is a complex condition often requiring specific treatment regimens based on the underlying cause of infection. Therefore, while Ticarcillin may be used in treating sepsis as part of a broader treatment plan, it would be an oversimplification to say that ""Ticarcillin treats sepsis"" without qualification." -9410149,Ticarcillin treats osteomyelitis,1448,Obviously unbalanced comparative studies showed some benefit of ticarcillin for bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Ticarcillin treats osteomyelitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Obviously unbalanced comparative studies showed some benefit of ticarcillin for bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement suggests that there have been studies indicating some benefit of ticarcillin in treating bone infections caused by Pseudomonas species, which is a common causative agent of osteomyelitis. However, it is important to note that these studies were described as ""unbalanced comparative studies,"" implying potential issues with study design that could affect the reliability of these results. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim that ticarcillin may be beneficial in treating osteomyelitis caused by Pseudomonas species, it is not definitive proof and further rigorous studies would be needed for more robust support of this claim." -26823243,Urea treats citrullinemia,1449,"The precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine and alpha-amino nitrogen) did not increase after the benzoate administration in the 6 normal subjects as well as in the 2 patients with citrullinaemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats citrullinemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine and alpha-amino nitrogen) did not increase after the benzoate administration in the 6 normal subjects as well as in the 2 patients with citrullinaemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats citrullinemia."" The statement discusses the administration of benzoate in both normal subjects and patients with citrullinemia, focusing on precursors of urea (ammonia, glutamate, glutamine, and alpha-amino nitrogen). It mentions that these precursors did not increase after benzoate administration in either group. However, it does not mention urea administration, nor does it provide any information about urea's potential therapeutic effects on citrullinemia. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that urea treats citrullinemia. + - Citrullinemia is a genetic disorder characterized by an accumulation of citrulline in the body due to deficiency of the enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS). Urea is not known to have any direct impact on ASS activity or citrulline levels in citrullinemia patients. Instead, treatments for citrullinemia typically involve dietary restrictions and supplementation of essential amino acids that by" -25855602,Urea treats argininosuccinic aciduria,1450,The relationship between the formation of urea and argininosuccinate in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria studied with labelled precursors.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats argininosuccinic aciduria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The relationship between the formation of urea and argininosuccinate in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria studied with labelled precursors.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Urea treats argininosuccinic aciduria"". The statement provides evidence that urea and argininosuccinate are related in a patient with argininosuccinic aciduria when studied with labeled precursors. Argininosuccinic aciduria is a genetic disorder characterized by an accumulation of argininosuccinic acid in the body due to a deficiency of the enzyme argininosuccinate lyase. This enzyme is necessary for the conversion of argininosuccinic acid to arginine and fumarate in the urea cycle. Therefore, if urea formation is related to argininosuccinic acid in this patient, it suggests that treating the patient with urea could help restore balance in the urea cycle and reduce argininosuccinic acid levels. However, further investigation and clinical trials would be required to confirm this hypothesis." -19420190,Urea treats psoriasis,1451,"In the treatment of psoriasis with urea and urea-combined preparations, the individual sequence should be so clearly prescribed such that acceptance is assured.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the treatment of psoriasis with urea and urea-combined preparations, the individual sequence should be so clearly prescribed such that acceptance is assured.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats psoriasis."" The provided statement discusses the importance of an appropriate sequence in the treatment of psoriasis using urea-based preparations but does not confirm that urea itself is an effective treatment for psoriasis. Therefore, it is essential to look for more direct evidence that explicitly demonstrates urea's effectiveness in treating psoriasis before making such conclusions." -17323203,Urea treats radiodermatitis,1452,"RESULTS: Effective treatment with urea has been reported for the following conditions: ichthyosis, xerosis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, contact dermatitis, radiation induced dermatitis, psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, tinea pedis, keratosis, pruritus, and dystrophic nails.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats radiodermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Effective treatment with urea has been reported for the following conditions: ichthyosis, xerosis, atopic dermatitis/eczema, contact dermatitis, radiation induced dermatitis, psoriasis/seborrheic dermatitis, onychomycosis, tinea pedis, keratosis, pruritus, and dystrophic nails.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Urea treats radiodermatitis"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement lists ""radiation induced dermatitis"" as one of the conditions that has been effectively treated with urea. Radiodermatitis is a type of skin damage caused by radiation therapy, often observed in cancer patients. Therefore, it can be inferred that urea could potentially be an effective treatment for radiodermatitis. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides some level of support for the claim, it does not constitute definitive proof. Further research and evidence would be needed for a more conclusive evaluation of the claim." -15413374,Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1453,"INTRODUCTION: Sorafenib is a novel oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which several therapies are currently available with unsatisfactory results.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Sorafenib is a novel oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefit in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), for which several therapies are currently available with unsatisfactory results.""?","No, the phrase ""Urea treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement introduces Sorafenib as an oral bis-aryl urea compound that has proven survival benefits in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, it does not imply that urea itself is an effective treatment for HCC. Sorafenib is a complex molecule containing urea functional groups (bis-aryl urea), but it cannot be inferred that simpler urea molecules would have similar therapeutic effects on HCC as Sorafenib does." -12068406,Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus,1454,These findings are consistent with the inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis and support the use of acyl ureas for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings are consistent with the inhibition of hepatic glycogenolysis and support the use of acyl ureas for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.""?","No, the phrase ""Urea treats type 2 diabetes mellitus"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses acyl ureas, not urea itself, in relation to type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment. Urea is a waste product that is not typically associated with therapeutic effects on diabetes. Acyl ureas, on the other hand, have been studied for their potential inhibitory effects on hepatic glycogenolysis, which could be beneficial in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, further investigation is needed beyond this single statement to fully support such a claim." -11649881,Urea treats Pain,1455,"Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of pain: structure-activity relationships for ureas with quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline moieties.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Novel transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor antagonists for the treatment of pain: structure-activity relationships for ureas with quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, phthalazine, quinoxaline, and cinnoline moieties.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement provides evidence that ureas can function as transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor antagonists. TRPV1 receptors have been implicated in pain perception and transmission in various studies. Therefore, if ureas can indeed block these receptors as suggested by the study, it could potentially lead to reduced pain sensation. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on existing knowledge of TRPV1 receptors and their role in pain perception; further experimental validation would be required to definitively establish urea as an analgesic agent." -10679439,Urea treats skin disorder,1456,[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats skin disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES].""?","Yes, the phrase ""Urea treats skin disorder"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""[TROPHIC ACTION OF UREA AND ITS USE IN THE TREATMENT OF NEUROTROPHIC SKIN DISEASES]."" + The statement in question refers to an investigation of isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease. Resistance to isoprenaline implies that patients have become less responsive to its therapeutic effects over time (Barnes, 2000). This investigation suggests that isoproterenol has been previously used for treating obstructive lung disease patients, as resistance implies prior exposure. - The statement suggests that urea has therapeutic effects on neurotrophic skin diseases, which implies that it can treat certain types of skin disorders. Urea is known for its moisturizing properties and its ability to enhance skin permeability, making it a common ingredient in many skincare products. However, it's important to note that urea may not be effective for all types of skin disorders. Therefore, while there is some support for the claim, it is not universally applicable and should be considered in the context of specific skin conditions." -10511987,Urea treats diabetes mellitus,1457,"[Preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes by N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea or D 860, a product free of antibacterial action].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes by N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea or D 860, a product free of antibacterial action].""?","No, the phrase ""Urea treats diabetes mellitus"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses a preliminary note on the oral treatment of diabetes using N-sulfonyl-p-methylbenzene-N'-n-butyl urea (D 860), which is a specific chemical compound different from urea. Urea is a waste product that is not typically used as a treatment for diabetes mellitus. Therefore, there is no indirect support for urea as a treatment for diabetes based on this statement about D 860." -8678587,"Urea treats dermatitis, atopic",1458,"In the present report, we compared two creams, identical with the exception that one contained both urea and sodium chloride and the other urea alone, in 22 patients with atopic dermatitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Urea treats dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In the present report, we compared two creams, identical with the exception that one contained both urea and sodium chloride and the other urea alone, in 22 patients with atopic dermatitis.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Urea treats dermatitis, atopic"". The study mentioned compares two creams, one containing urea alone and the other containing both urea and sodium chloride, in patients with atopic dermatitis. This suggests that urea is being tested for its potential therapeutic effects on atopic dermatitis. However, it's important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of urea's efficacy in treating atopic dermatitis, as it does not report on the results of the study or whether there were any significant differences between the two creams." -27251301,Mannitol treats brain cancer,1459,"Hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD), produced by infusion of mannitol into the cerebral arteries, has been used in the treatment of brain tumors to increase drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD), produced by infusion of mannitol into the cerebral arteries, has been used in the treatment of brain tumors to increase drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend support. The statement mentions that mannitol is used in hyperosmolar blood-brain barrier disruption (HBBBD) for treating brain tumors by increasing drug delivery to tumor and adjacent brain tissue. This implies that mannitol plays an important role in facilitating treatment of brain cancer, although it doesn't explicitly say that mannitol treats brain cancer on its own. The phrase ""Mannitol treats brain cancer"" could be misleading as it suggests mannitol as a standalone treatment when in fact it is used as an adjunct in brain cancer therapy." -21059003,Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder,1460,[Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness].,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness].""?","Yes, the statement ""Effects of mannitol on the fluids of the internal ear. Use in the treatment of deafness"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats hearing loss disorder"". The use of mannitol in treating deafness implies that it has some effect on the fluids of the internal ear, which could potentially be beneficial for hearing loss disorders. However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof, and further research would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between mannitol use and improvement in hearing loss disorders." -20425957,Mannitol treats osteoarthritis,1461,Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of 2% sodium hyaluronate plus 0.5% mannitol in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Objective: To assess efficacy and safety of a single intra-articular injection of 2% sodium hyaluronate plus 0.5% mannitol in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats osteoarthritis."" The study mentioned in the statement aims to assess the efficacy and safety of a solution containing both 2% sodium hyaluronate and 0.5% mannitol in patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the knee. This implies that mannitol is being used as a component of a treatment for osteoarthritis, thus lending indirect support to the idea that mannitol may have some therapeutic effect in treating osteoarthritis. However, it is important to note that this does not definitively prove that mannitol alone treats osteoarthritis, as it is being used in combination with sodium hyaluronate in this study." -16945033,Mannitol treats hypotensive disorder,1462,"These values were correlated with expected risk factors for lactatemia including length of surgery, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypotension, hemoglobin and mannitol therapy.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These values were correlated with expected risk factors for lactatemia including length of surgery, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypotension, hemoglobin and mannitol therapy.""?","Yes, while the statement does not explicitly claim that mannitol treats hypotensive disorder, it does suggest an indirect association between mannitol therapy and hypotension. This is implied by the correlation of mannitol therapy with hypotension as one of several risk factors for lactatemia (a condition characterized by an increased level of lactate in the blood). However, it is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation; therefore, further investigation would be required to definitively establish whether mannitol has a therapeutic effect on hypotension itself." -12644644,Mannitol treats Pain,1463,"Further treatments with intravenous mannitol, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, topical antiglaumatic agents and subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further treatments with intravenous mannitol, oral carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, topical antiglaumatic agents and subconjunctival 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) injections all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats Pain"". In fact, it suggests that mannitol was ineffective in treating pain and intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in this particular case. The statement implies that various treatments were tried, including intravenous mannitol, but they all failed to control relapsing pain and IOP elevation. Therefore, based on this evidence, one could not conclude that mannitol is an effective treatment for pain. However, it is important to note that this is just one case study, and further research would be needed to make definitive conclusions about mannitol's effectiveness in treating pain." -11774217,Mannitol treats brain injury,1464,CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage.""?","Yes, the statement ""CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that mannitol could improve cerebral perfusion in patients with mild brain damage"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain injury"". This is because improved cerebral perfusion is beneficial for patients suffering from brain injury as it increases blood flow to the brain, which can help in the healing process. However, it is important to note that this does not directly confirm that mannitol treats brain injury as further research would be needed to establish a direct causal relationship between mannitol administration and recovery from brain injury." -11660589,Mannitol treats malaria,1465,"A possibly indulgent wish list of outcome (mortality) studies using currently known treatment modalities, however, includes the loading dose of quinine, vigorous fluid replacement, ET, the artemisinins, mannitol, and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of severe malaria.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A possibly indulgent wish list of outcome (mortality) studies using currently known treatment modalities, however, includes the loading dose of quinine, vigorous fluid replacement, ET, the artemisinins, mannitol, and N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of severe malaria.""?","Yes, while indirect, the statement does lend some support to the claim that mannitol treats malaria. The sentence mentions mannitol as part of a list of treatment modalities for severe malaria, suggesting that it is being considered or used in some capacity in the treatment of the disease. However, it is important to note that inclusion in such a list does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy; further investigation would be required to establish mannitol as an evidence-based treatment for malaria." -11613595,Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,1466,CONCLUSION: We propose that AHR to mannitol could predict ICS-responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We propose that AHR to mannitol could predict ICS-responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients.""?","No, the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""CONCLUSION: We propose that AHR to mannitol could predict ICS-responsiveness in mild to moderately severe COPD patients."" + - The conclusion from the study suggests that mannitol can potentially be used as a predictor for responsiveness to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in mild to moderately severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This is based on the airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) exhibited by these patients when exposed to mannitol. + However, it is important to note that while indirect support is present in this case, it does not definitively prove that isoproterenol treats ob" +15441635,Isoproterenol treats lipoma,1492,AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isoproterenol and prednisolone in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats lipoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isoproterenol and prednisolone in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats lipoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Isoproterenol (alongside prednisolone) in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas. This implies that Isoproterenol was used as a treatment for lipomas in the context of this study, providing indirect support for the claim that Isoproterenol can be used to treat lipomas. However, it is important to note that efficacy was still being evaluated in this study, so further investigation would be needed to determine the actual effectiveness of Isoproterenol in treating lipomas." +13881275,Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension,1493,"Microdialysate concentrations of the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine (NE) and dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were measured in skeletal muscle, and plasma concentrations of NE and DHPG were measured in response to i.v. tyramine, yohimbine, and isoproterenol, in patients with PD+NOH, patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF), which is characterized by generalized catecholaminergic denervation, and control subjects.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Microdialysate concentrations of the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine (NE) and dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were measured in skeletal muscle, and plasma concentrations of NE and DHPG were measured in response to i.v. tyramine, yohimbine, and isoproterenol, in patients with PD+NOH, patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF), which is characterized by generalized catecholaminergic denervation, and control subjects.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension."" The statement mentions that isoproterenol was administered intravenously (i.v.) in patients with PD+NOH (Parkinson's disease with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension) along with tyramine and yohimbine. The fact that isoproterenol was included in the study suggests that it has some relevance in addressing orthostatic hypotension symptoms in PD+NOH patients. However, it does not provide direct evidence that isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension; it only implies that isoproterenol may have some involvement in managing orthostatic hypotension in PD+NOH patients. - However, it does not provide evidence that mannitol itself treats COPD; rather it implies that mannitol may be useful as a predictive tool for identifying patients who would benefit from ICS treatment. The conclusion also does not provide any information about mannitol's therapeutic effect on airway remodeling or inflammation in COPD patients, which is crucial for treating COPD. + The statement also mentions that microdialysate concentrations of NE (norepinephrine) metabolite DHPG (dihydroxyphenylglycol) were measured in skeletal muscle and plasma concentrations of NE and" +11481186,Isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation,1494,"RESULTS: LAP series analysis shows a reduction of both LP and R index during isoproterenol infusion in SR and AF (RSR = 0.75 +/- 0.07 RSRISO = 0.69 +/- 0.10, p < 0.0001; RAF = 0.31 +/- 0.08 RAFISO = 0.26 +/- 0.09, p < 0.0001; LPSR = 99.99 +/- 0.001 LPSRISO = 99.97 +/- 0.03, p < 0.0001; LPAF = 69.46 +/- 21.55 LPAFISO = 55 +/- 24.75; p < 0.0001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: LAP series analysis shows a reduction of both LP and R index during isoproterenol infusion in SR and AF (RSR = 0.75 +/- 0.07 RSRISO = 0.69 +/- 0.10, p < 0.0001; RAF = 0.31 +/- 0.08 RAFISO = 0.26 +/- 0.09, p < 0.0001; LPSR = 99.99 +/- 0.001 LPSRISO = 99.97 +/- 0.03, p < 0.0001; LPAF = 69.46 +/- 21.55 LPAFISO = 55 +/- 24.75; p < 0.0001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation (AF). The results show that during isoproterenol infusion in both sinus rhythm (SR) and AF, there is a significant reduction in both LP and R index (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, there is also a reduction in LPSR (p < 0.0001) and LPAF (p < 0.0001) during isoproterenol infusion. These reductions suggest that isoproterenol has an effect on atrial fibrillation, although it does" +9565866,Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder,1495,Decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol in obesity may be due to defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol in obesity may be due to defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP.""?","No, the statement ""Decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol in obesity may be due to defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder"". - Therefore, based on this statement alone, there is no indirect support for mannitol being an effective treatment for COPD. Further studies would" -10724016,Mannitol treats acute kidney failure,1467,MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats acute kidney failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Mannitol treats acute kidney failure"" does receive indirect support from the statement ""MANNITOL THERAPY IN ACUTE RENAL FAILURE."" This is because mannitol is a type of therapy that is being discussed in relation to acute renal failure (also known as acute kidney failure). However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy. Further investigation into specific studies and clinical evidence would be necessary to confirm whether mannitol is indeed an effective treatment for acute kidney failure." -10707564,Mannitol treats injury,1468,Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats.""?","Yes, the statement ""Mannitol has a beneficial effect on ischemic injury following a short-duration forebrain ischemic insult in rats"" does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats injury"". This is because ischemic injury is a type of tissue damage that can occur as a result of various insults such as stroke or trauma. Mannitol, being an osmotic diuretic, has been shown in this study to have a protective effect on ischemic injury in rats, suggesting that it could potentially be used as a treatment for such injuries in clinical settings. However, it is important to note that while this study provides some evidence for the potential therapeutic use of mannitol in treating injury, it is limited in scope as it only involves rats and a specific type of injury (short-duration forebrain ischemic insult). Therefore, further studies would be needed to confirm these findings in other models and ultimately in human patients before mannitol can be definitively said to ""treat injury""." -9454905,Mannitol treats ciguatera fish poisoning,1469,IV mannitol is considered the treatment of choice for CP but has not been evaluated in a double-blind randomized trial.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats ciguatera fish poisoning"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""IV mannitol is considered the treatment of choice for CP but has not been evaluated in a double-blind randomized trial.""?","Yes, while not providing direct evidence, the statement does lend indirect support to the claim that intravenous (IV) mannitol is used in treating ciguatera fish poisoning (CP). The assertion that IV mannitol is ""considered the treatment of choice for CP"" implies that there is consensus within the medical community regarding its use in managing CP symptoms. However, it is important to note that no double-blind randomized trial has been conducted yet to evaluate its efficacy in treating CP. This lack of rigorous evaluation does not disprove its potential benefits but rather highlights the need for further investigation into its therapeutic utility for CP treatment." -9438138,Mannitol treats stroke disorder,1470,Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats stroke disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of intravenous mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats stroke disorder."" This is because observing the effects of mannitol on EEG recordings in stroke patients does not necessarily imply that mannitol is treating the stroke disorder itself. + The original statement suggests that obese individuals have a decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol, implying that isoproterenol may not be an effective treatment for obesity. This is in contrast to the claim that isoproterenol treats obesity disorder. The statement actually suggests that if isoproterenol were to be used as a treatment for obesity, it might be less effective in obese individuals due to these defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP. - Electroencephalography (EEG) records electrical activity in the brain, so changes in EEG readings could reflect various factors like altered brain function due to stroke, drug-induced effects on neuronal excitability, or even potential side effects of mannitol administration. To establish that mannitol treats stroke disorder, one would need clinical evidence demonstrating improvements in stroke-related symptoms, functional outcomes, or reduced mortality rates in patients receiving mannitol compared to those who do not. + Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that increases cyclic AMP levels in cells by activating adenylyl cyclase. The statement suggests that there may be defects in the signaling pathway downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation" +8710440,Isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome,1496,the responses of heart rate and the plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) level to isoproterenol infusion in the supine position were evaluated in 10 POTS patients and 10 age-matched controls.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""the responses of heart rate and the plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) level to isoproterenol infusion in the supine position were evaluated in 10 POTS patients and 10 age-matched controls.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS)"". The study mentioned in the statement evaluated the responses of heart rate and plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) level to isoproterenol infusion in both POTS patients and age-matched controls while in the supine position. This suggests that isoproterenol was used as a treatment or intervention in these POTS patients. - Therefore, while it is possible that mannitol may have some beneficial impact on stroke patients as suggested by its effects on EEG recordings, additional studies would be required to confirm whether these changes translate into meaningful therapeutic benefits before concluding that mannitol treats stroke disorder." -8850005,Mannitol treats coronary artery disorder,1471,"The data suggest the need to further evaluate the physiological importance of the increase in coronary blood flow produced by mannitol in patients with coronary artery disease and indicate the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease,",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest the need to further evaluate the physiological importance of the increase in coronary blood flow produced by mannitol in patients with coronary artery disease and indicate the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease,""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that mannitol treats coronary artery disorder. The statement suggests that mannitol increases coronary blood flow in patients with coronary artery disease, which is a positive physiological effect. Furthermore, it indicates the possibility that mannitol might be of value in treating certain problems in patients with coronary artery disease. However, it should be noted that while these observations provide some evidence for potential therapeutic benefits of mannitol in coronary artery disease, they do not constitute definitive proof of its efficacy in treating the disorder. Further rigorous clinical trials would be required to establish such a claim conclusively." -8674974,Mannitol treats bronchiectasis,1472,The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats bronchiectasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis.""?","Yes, the statement ""The 24-h effect of mannitol on the clearance of mucus in patients with bronchiectasis"" does lend indirect support to the phrase ""Mannitol treats bronchiectasis."" This is because improved mucus clearance can be considered a beneficial effect for individuals suffering from bronchiectasis, which is characterized by abnormal dilatation of bronchi and bronchioles along with impaired mucociliary clearance. However, it is important to note that demonstrating that mannitol enhances mucus clearance does not necessarily equate to proving that mannitol is an effective treatment for bronchiectasis. A more rigorous evaluation of mannitol as a treatment would require additional evidence from clinical trials assessing patient outcomes such as exacerbation rates, lung function improvements, and overall quality of life." -8007841,"Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive",1473,Treatment of chronic myelocytic leukaemia with dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment of chronic myelocytic leukaemia with dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Mannitol treats chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive."" The statement mentions dibromo-mannitol (myelobromol), which is different from mannitol alone in its chemical structure and properties due to the addition of bromine atoms. Dibromo-mannitol has been studied in relation to chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), but mannitol itself has not been established as an effective treatment for CML or BCR-ABL1 positive leukemia based on this statement alone." -7780960,Mannitol treats cystic fibrosis,1474,Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats cystic fibrosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Inhaled mannitol is a potential mucoactive agent in cystic fibrosis patients."" + However, it is important to note that indirect support does not equate to definitive proof of efficacy in treating POTS. The statement does not provide information on whether isoproterenol improved POTS symptoms in these patients, nor does it mention any long-term effects of isoproterenol treatment on POTS patients. Therefore, further investigation is required before making any definitive conclusions about isoproterenol as a treatment for POTS." +10687311,Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease,1497,ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" based on the statement ""ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS."" This is because Orciprenaline (also known as Metaproterenol) is a medication used in the treatment of obstructive lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis. Therefore, it can be inferred that Metaproterenol is indeed used in treating obstructive lung disease, specifically airways obstruction in chronic bronchitis in this case. However, it is important to note that this does not constitute direct evidence as the statement does not explicitly state that Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease but rather implies it through mentioning its use in treatment of airways obstruction in chronic bronchitis which is an obstructive lung disease." +21781034,Bacitracin A treats Infection,1498,"Based on these observations, the combination of CBD and BAC is suggested to be a putative novel treatment in clinical settings for treatment of infections with antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Based on these observations, the combination of CBD and BAC is suggested to be a putative novel treatment in clinical settings for treatment of infections with antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that BAC (Bacitracin A) could be part of a novel treatment for infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacteria when used in combination with CBD. This implies that Bacitracin A has antibacterial properties that could potentially be useful in treating infections. However, the claim does not explicitly state that Bacitracin A alone treats infections, but rather as part of a combination therapy. Therefore, while not direct support, it does provide some indirect evidence for the efficacy of Bacitracin A in treating infections." +17678351,Bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease,1499,"Thus, the bacitracin and gramicidin S-based self-assembled nanopeptide ribbon may be a successful ointment formulation for bacterial infection control.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, the bacitracin and gramicidin S-based self-assembled nanopeptide ribbon may be a successful ointment formulation for bacterial infection control.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease based on the provided statement. The statement suggests that bacitracin, in combination with gramicidin S, can be used in an ointment formulation for bacterial infection control. This implies that bacitracin has antibacterial properties that contribute to its effectiveness in treating bacterial infections when used in conjunction with gramicidin S in nanopeptide ribbon formulation. However, it is important to note that the claim does not specify which type of bacitracin (A, B, or Z) is being referred to; therefore, it provides indirect support for bacitracin A in particular. - The phrase ""mucoactive agent"" refers to substances that can modify mucus properties, making it easier for cystic fibrosis patients to clear their airways (Boucher, 2007). Mannitol is one such agent being explored for its ability to liquefy mucus in these patients (McElvaney et al., 2003). + Additionally, it should be emphasized that while there is some support for bacitracin A's antibacterial properties based on the provided statement, further investigation is required for more direct evidence of its ability to treat bacterial infectious diseases specifically. This could include clinical trials, in vitro studies, or other forms of experimental evidence that demonstrate bacitracin A's efficacy in treating bacterial infections in living organisms." +11891842,Bacitracin A treats burn,1500,"Consensus was found regarding most local (topical) wound care, (SSD for clean non-facial burns, Sulfamylon (mafenide-acetate) for contaminated non-facial burns, Threolone (chloramphenicol 3% and prednisolone 0.5%) or Bacitracin for facial burns, Paraffin gauzes with or without Sulfamylon for donor and graft sites).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Consensus was found regarding most local (topical) wound care, (SSD for clean non-facial burns, Sulfamylon (mafenide-acetate) for contaminated non-facial burns, Threolone (chloramphenicol 3% and prednisolone 0.5%) or Bacitracin for facial burns, Paraffin gauzes with or without Sulfamylon for donor and graft sites).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Bacitracin A treats burns."" The statement lists Bacitracin as one of the recommended topical treatments for facial burns, which implies that it has some efficacy in treating burns. However, it's important to note that the statement does not provide direct evidence of Bacitracin's effectiveness in treating burns, as it does not mention any specific studies or clinical trials that support its use. Furthermore, the statement suggests that Bacitracin is used specifically for facial burns, so it may not be applicable to all types of burns. Therefore, while the statement does lend some support to the claim, it does not conclusively prove that Bacitracin A treats burns." +26452786,Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis,101,The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease.""?","No, the statement ""The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis"". - Although the statement does not explicitly claim that mannitol treats cystic fibrosis, it does suggest that mannitol has therapeutic potential in managing some aspects of the disease (e.g., reducing mucus viscosity). Therefore, while not definitive proof of mannitol treating cystic fibrosis, it does provide some level of indirect support for that claim by suggesting mannitol may be beneficial for patients suffering from cystic fibrosis-related symptoms. + Fenbendazole is an anthelmintic drug used to treat various parasitic worm infestations in animals, including helminthiasis. The statement given discusses ranolazine, a medication used to treat chronic angina by reducing ischemia (lack of blood flow/oxygen) in heart muscle tissue. The two statements discuss different drugs acting through different mechanisms; therefore, there is no connection between them that would support the claim that Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis." +22762728,Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis,102,Atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers such as ranolazine effectively suppress AF in experimental models of AF involving canine isolated right atrial preparations at concentrations that produce little to no effect on ventricular electrophysiologic parameters.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers such as ranolazine effectively suppress AF in experimental models of AF involving canine isolated right atrial preparations at concentrations that produce little to no effect on ventricular electrophysiologic parameters.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis"". - References - - Boucher, R. C. (2007). Mucus clearance in" -7352141,Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension,1475,"CONCLUSION: Hypertonic saline, in both 3 and 23.4% concentrations, is as effective as mannitol in the treatment of intracranial hypertension observed in association with ICH.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Hypertonic saline, in both 3 and 23.4% concentrations, is as effective as mannitol in the treatment of intracranial hypertension observed in association with ICH.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Mannitol treats intracranial hypertension"". The conclusion states that hypertonic saline is as effective as mannitol in treating intracranial hypertension associated with ICH (Intracerebral Hemorrhage). This implies that mannitol is indeed effective in treating intracranial hypertension, as it is being compared to another treatment option, hypertonic saline, which is also known to be effective in managing intracranial hypertension. + The statement discusses the effects of atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers, such as ranolazine, on atrial fibrillation (AF) in canine models. It does not mention or imply any connection to Fenbendazole or helminthiasis. - However, it is important to note that while this statement supports mannitol as an effective treatment for intracranial hypertension in comparison to hypertonic saline, it does not necessarily imply that mannitol is superior in terms of efficacy, safety profile, cost-effectiveness, or other factors that may be relevant when choosing between treatment options for intracranial hypertension management in clinical practice." -7084538,Mannitol treats brain edema,1476,CONCLUSIONS: Acute mannitol used in patients with cerebral edema after a large hemispheric infarction does not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Acute mannitol used in patients with cerebral edema after a large hemispheric infarction does not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Mannitol treats brain edema"". The conclusion is derived from a study where mannitol was administered to patients who had already developed cerebral edema following a large hemispheric infarction. The study found that mannitol did not alter midline tissue shifts or worsen neurologic status in these patients. However, it does not imply that mannitol treats brain edema; rather, it suggests that mannitol may not be effective in reducing midline tissue shifts in patients who have already developed cerebral edema after an infarction. The study does not investigate or comment on mannitol's potential in preventing or treating brain edema before it develops." -23769437,Temocillin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis,1477,The objective is to investigate if temocillin is non-inferior to carbapenems in the targeted treatment of bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Temocillin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective is to investigate if temocillin is non-inferior to carbapenems in the targeted treatment of bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Temocillin treats bacterial infectious disease with sepsis"" from the statement: ""The objective is to investigate if temocillin is non-inferior to carbapenems in the targeted treatment of bacteraemia due to 3GCR-E."" + Helminthiasis is a condition caused by parasitic worms, which Fenbendazole is known to treat in veterinary medicine. The mechanism of action for Fenbendazole is through binding to tubulin, inhibiting its polymerization, which leads to the death of the parasitic worms. This mechanism is unrelated to the electrophysiologic effects of ranolazine discussed in the statement. - The statement suggests that temocillin is being studied as an alternative treatment for bacteraemia caused by 3GCR-E (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae), which is a type of bacterial infection often associated with sepsis due to its ability to cause severe bloodstream infections (bacteraemia). If temocillin proves non-inferior (or potentially superior) to carbapenems in treating these infections, it would indirectly support its effectiveness in treating bacterial infectious diseases associated with sepsis. + Therefore, based on the provided statement, there is no indirect support for the claim that Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis." +21848143,Albendazole causes helminthiasis,103,Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole causes helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption.""?","No, the statement ""Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption"" does not provide any indirect support for the claim ""Albendazole causes helminthiasis"". - However, it is essential to note that further investigation is necessary for more direct evidence of temocillin's efficacy in treating sepsis specifically since bacteraemia is only one of many possible causes of seps" -17734631,Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma,1478,CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.""?","Yes, the statement ""CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that artesunate could offer a new approach to the therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats hepatocellular carcinoma"". The conclusion suggests that artesunate (which is derived from artesunic acid) has potential therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma based on certain findings. However, it is important to note that ""could offer a new approach"" is not definitive; it suggests potential but does not confirm that artesunic acid definitely treats hepatocellular carcinoma. Further research would be needed to confirm this claim." -16415826,Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease,1479,Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Crohn disease"" does receive indirect support from the statement: ""Our data suggest a novel clinical application of artesunate as a potential therapy for Crohn's disease."" + The two statements discuss different drugs (Albendazole and Ranolazine) and their respective effects (causing helminthiasis and decreasing angina pectoris frequency/nitroglycerin consumption). There is no connection between these two drugs or their effects that would allow for indirect support from one statement to the other. - The statement implies that artesunate has shown promise in treating Crohn's disease in a study or clinical setting based on their collected data. While it does not explicitly confirm that artesunate (or its derivative artesunic acid) definitively treats Crohn disease, it does lend credence to the idea that it could be an effective treatment option. Artesunic acid is a derivative of artesunate, sharing its active compound artemisinin, which suggests that artesunic acid may also have therapeutic potential for Crohn disease. However, further investigation would be required to definitively establish artesunic acid as an effective treatment for Crohn disease." -15681287,Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm,1480,Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors.""?","No, the statement ""Taken together our in vitro and in vivo results correlate well showing for the first time that artesunate induces resistance in highly metastatic breast tumors"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Artesunic acid treats breast neoplasm."" In fact, it suggests quite the opposite. The word ""resistance"" implies that the treatment (in this case, artesunic acid or artesunate) is not effective in eliminating the tumors but instead encourages them to become resistant to treatment. This is not indicative of a treatment that works against breast neoplasm (i.e., breast cancer), but rather one that may inadvertently contribute to its progression." -13704055,Artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection,1481,"This is the first report of treatment of cytomegalovirus infection with artesunate, for a stem cell transplant recipient with a newly identified foscarnet-resistant and ganciclovir-resistant DNA polymerase L776M mutation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first report of treatment of cytomegalovirus infection with artesunate, for a stem cell transplant recipient with a newly identified foscarnet-resistant and ganciclovir-resistant DNA polymerase L776M mutation.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that artesunic acid treats cytomegalovirus infection. The provided statement indicates that artesunate was used as a treatment for cytomegalovirus infection in a patient who had developed resistance to other conventional treatments (foscarnet and ganciclovir). The successful treatment of the patient suggests that artesunate may have therapeutic potential for cytomegalovirus infection, thus providing indirect support for the initial claim. However, it is important to note that this is based on a single case report, so further studies involving larger sample sizes would be necessary to confirm these findings and establish artesunate as an effective treatment for cytomegalovirus infection." -13022850,Artesunic acid treats neoplasm,1482,The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""The anticancer activity of artesunate has also been shown in human xenograft tumors in mice."" This suggests that artesunic acid (the active component of artesunate) may have potential therapeutic effects on neoplasms (abnormal tissue growths that can lead to cancer) based on its observed anticancer activity in animal models of human cancer (xenograft tumors in mice). However, it is important to note that while animal studies can provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic effects in humans, they do not always translate directly due to differences in biological systems between species. Therefore, further investigation in clinical trials is necessary before definitive conclusions can be drawn about artesunic acid's efficacy in treating neoplasms in humans." -10539481,Artesunic acid treats Fever,1483,The 2 groups that received artesunate experienced considerably more rapid reduction in parasitemia and in fever than the group that received only mefloquine (p.002).,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 2 groups that received artesunate experienced considerably more rapid reduction in parasitemia and in fever than the group that received only mefloquine (p.002).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that artesunic acid treats fever. The study found that patients who received artesunate experienced a more rapid reduction in fever compared to those who received mefloquine alone (p=0.002). Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin, which is found in Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood). Artesunic acid is one of several artemisinin-based compounds used in antimalarial drugs. Although the statement does not explicitly connect artesunate to fever reduction in humans, it does demonstrate an association between artesunate use and fever reduction in patients suffering from malaria. This finding supports the broader claim that artesunic acid could be used as an effective treatment for fever, particularly in malaria patients. However, further research would be needed to establish artesunic acid as a standalone treatment for fever in other contexts beyond malaria infection." -10009785,Artesunic acid treats schistosomiasis,1484,CONCLUSION: A mass chemotherapy in conjunction with health education and oral artesunate for preventing reinfection in transmission season is effective for the control of schistosomiasis in lake regions.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats schistosomiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: A mass chemotherapy in conjunction with health education and oral artesunate for preventing reinfection in transmission season is effective for the control of schistosomiasis in lake regions.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The conclusion mentions oral artesunate as part of an effective strategy for controlling schistosomiasis in lake regions. Artesunic acid is a derivative of artesunate, sharing its antimalarial properties and potential for treating other parasitic diseases like schistosomiasis. However, it is important to note that the statement refers specifically to oral artesunate, not artesunic acid. While they share similarities, they are not identical compounds, and their effects might differ in certain contexts. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary for more direct support of artesunic acid treating schistosomiasis specifically." -9194607,Artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis,1485,"Artesunate and praziquantel for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Artesunate and praziquantel for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats urinary schistosomiasis"" from the statement ""Artesunate and praziquantel for the treatment of Schistosoma haematobium infections: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study."" + Helminthiasis is a condition caused by parasitic worms (helminths) in the body, while ranolazine is used for treating chronic angina (chest pain). Albendazole is an antihelmintic drug used for treating various parasitic worm infestations (helminthiasis). The effect of ranolazine on angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption does not provide any insight into the potential effects of albendazole on causing helminthiasis. - Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin, which is found in Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood). Artesunic acid is another derivative of artemisinin that has been developed for pharmaceutical use. Both artesunate and artesunic acid have similar antimalarial properties due to their shared origin. However, artesunic acid has also demonstrated efficacy in treating other parasitic infections such as schistosomiasis. + In order for there to be indirect support between two" +25735916,Albendazole affects trichuriasis,104,BACKGROUND: Ranolazine has been shown to reduce myocardial ischemia and symptom severity among selected patients with chronic angina.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects trichuriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Ranolazine has been shown to reduce myocardial ischemia and symptom severity among selected patients with chronic angina.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects trichuriasis."" The background statement refers specifically to Ranolazine, its effects on myocardial ischemia, and its impact on symptom severity in certain patients with chronic angina. It does not mention Albendazole or trichuriasis at all. Therefore, there is no connection or supporting evidence that can be inferred from this statement. - The provided statement refers to a study on treating Schistosoma haematobium infections (a type of urinary schistosomiasis) using artesunate in combination with praziquantel – another well-established drug for treating schistosomiasis. The fact that artesunate is used in this study lends indirect support to" -7990355,Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria,1486,"To define the current efficacy of Fansidar (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel Switzerland) (pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine), primaquine in a high dose, and artesunate for treating acute Plasmodium vivax malaria, we conducted a comparative clinical trial of these 3 drugs in an open-label study.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To define the current efficacy of Fansidar (F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel Switzerland) (pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine), primaquine in a high dose, and artesunate for treating acute Plasmodium vivax malaria, we conducted a comparative clinical trial of these 3 drugs in an open-label study.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The study includes artesunate as one of the treatments for Plasmodium vivax malaria, which suggests that artesunate is being considered as an effective treatment for this type of malaria. However, it does not explicitly state that artesunic acid treats Plasmodium vivax malaria. Artesunic acid is a salt of artesunate, and both have been used interchangeably in some studies due to their similar therapeutic properties against malaria. But for a definitive conclusion on the efficacy of artesunic acid specifically for Plasmodium vivax malaria, more direct evidence would be required." -7595063,Artesunic acid treats malaria,1487,Artemether and artesunate have also been administered by the rectal route with highly promising results for treatment of severe malaria.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Artemether and artesunate have also been administered by the rectal route with highly promising results for treatment of severe malaria.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that artesunic acid treats malaria based on the provided statement. + Trichuriasis is an infection caused by the parasitic worm Trichuris trichiura, also known as whipworm. Albendazole is an anthelmintic medication used to treat various parasitic worm infestations, including trichuriasis. Ranolazine, on the other hand, is a medication used primarily for treating chronic angina. - Artemether and artesunate are derivatives of artemisinin, which is a sesquiterpene lactone obtained from the plant Artemisia annua (Sweet Wormwood). Artesunic acid is another derivative of artemisinin that has been used in malaria treatment. The statement mentions that artemether and artesunate have shown promising results in treating severe malaria when administered by the rectal route. This suggests that artemisinin derivatives can be effective in treating malaria, providing indirect evidence that artesunic acid, another artemisinin derivative, could also be effective in treating malaria. + In order for there to be indirect support for the claim about Albendazole affecting trichuriasis, there would need to be some connection made between Albendazole, trichuriasis, or related concepts in the statement. Since no such connection exists in this case, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim" +24685635,Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis,105,"Dominant frequency (DF) of AF was reduced by ranolazine in left atrium from 11.7 (10.7-20.5) Hz to 7.6 (2.9-8.8) Hz (P = 0.02, n = 6).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Dominant frequency (DF) of AF was reduced by ranolazine in left atrium from 11.7 (10.7-20.5) Hz to 7.6 (2.9-8.8) Hz (P = 0.02, n = 6).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis."" The statement discusses the effect of ranolazine on atrial fibrillation (AF) frequency in humans, while albendazole is an antihelmintic drug used primarily for treating filariasis infections in humans and animals. The two statements discuss different drugs and their effects on different conditions; therefore, they are not related. - However, it is important to note that while there is indirect evidence supporting the claim, it does not provide direct evidence of artesunic acid's efficacy against malaria. Further studies specifically investigating artesunic acid's effects on malaria would be required for more definitive evidence." -7113713,Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria,1488,Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artesunic acid treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin in plasma during 5-day oral treatment with artesunate for Falciparum malaria."" This is because artesunic acid is metabolized into dihydroartemisinin in vivo, which then exerts its antimalarial effects [1]. Therefore, if declining concentrations of dihydroartemisinin are observed over a 5-day oral treatment course using artesunate for Plasmodium falciparum malaria, it suggests that artesunic acid is being metabolized as intended, thereby treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria [2]. + To provide indirect support for ""Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis,"" one would need evidence showing that albendazole has an impact on filarial elephantiasis in humans or animal models. This could include studies demonstrating reduced parasite burden, improved symptoms, or other relevant measures of disease progression after albendazole treatment. The ranolazine study on atrial fibrillation frequency does not provide any information on albendazole or filarial elephantiasis; thus, it does not indirectly support the claim in question." +18452252,Albendazole affects toxocariasis,106,"After adjusting for potential sources of bias through propensity-score matched-pair analysis and conditional logistic regression, ranolazine was an independent predictor of preventing POAF (p < 0.0001).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects toxocariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After adjusting for potential sources of bias through propensity-score matched-pair analysis and conditional logistic regression, ranolazine was an independent predictor of preventing POAF (p < 0.0001).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects toxocariasis."" The statement discusses the use of ranolazine as an independent predictor in preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF). There is no mention of albendazole, toxocariasis, or any related concepts in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any form of support for the claim that albendazole affects toxocariasis." +16658505,Albendazole affects malaria,107,Prednisolone furthers T-cell immunodeficiency and also reduces the intensity of autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone furthers T-cell immunodeficiency and also reduces the intensity of autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects malaria."" The two statements discuss different drugs (Albendazole and Prednisolone) and their effects on different conditions (malaria and T-cell immunodeficiency/autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis). There is no connection between these two drugs or their respective effects that would allow us to infer that Albendazole has an impact on malaria based on Prednisolone's effects on T-cell immunodeficiency and autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis." +13946207,Albendazole affects helminthiasis,108,[Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency ].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency ].""?","No, the statement ""Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects helminthiasis."" The two statements discuss different topics - one is about pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency while the other is about albendazole's effect on helminthiasis (a condition caused by parasitic worms). To support the claim that albendazole affects helminthiasis, one would need evidence specifically related to albendazole's impact on worm infections, not prednisolone or adrenal insufficiency." +11239060,Albendazole affects filariasis,109,It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL.""?","No, the statement ""It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects filariasis."" - - However, it is important to note that direct support for the statement would require more specific information on treatment outcomes (e.g., parasite clearance rates) rather than just pharmacokinetic parameters alone [3]." -7264251,Artemether treats malaria,1489,These data demonstrate the equality of artemether and quinine for severe malaria and indicate a trend toward greater effectiveness of artemether in regions where there is recognized quinine resistance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Artemether treats malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These data demonstrate the equality of artemether and quinine for severe malaria and indicate a trend toward greater effectiveness of artemether in regions where there is recognized quinine resistance.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that artemether treats malaria. The statement compares the efficacy of artemether and quinine in treating severe malaria, suggesting that artemether is at least as effective as quinine, if not more so. This implies that artemether has therapeutic value in treating malaria, thus providing indirect support for the claim that artemether treats malaria. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on a comparison of therapeutic efficacy, rather than a direct statement about artemether's ability to treat malaria." -7168046,Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria,1490,"The spectrum of falciparum malaria treatment has recently broadened to include new drugs such as artemisinin, artemether or atovaquone/proguanil, the latter being as yet unauthorized in France.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The spectrum of falciparum malaria treatment has recently broadened to include new drugs such as artemisinin, artemether or atovaquone/proguanil, the latter being as yet unauthorized in France.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement mentions artemisinin and artemether as part of the recent broadening of the spectrum of falciparum malaria treatment. This implies that these drugs are used in treating Plasmodium falciparum malaria. However, it's important to note that while artemether is mentioned, it doesn't explicitly state that artemether treats Plasmodium falciparum malaria on its own. It could be part of a combination therapy. Nonetheless, given the context of its use in treating falciparum malaria, it's reasonable to infer that artemether has some efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum malaria." -25827221,Isoproterenol treats obstructive lung disease,1491,Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Investigation into isoprenaline resistance in patients with obstructive lung disease."" Isoprenaline is another name for isoproterenol, which is a medication used to treat obstructive lung diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The investigation into isoprenaline resistance implies that isoproterenol is being used in these patients, suggesting that it has some therapeutic effect in treating obstructive lung disease. However, it is important to note that resistance to isoproterenol could imply that the drug is not as effective in some patients as it is in others, so further investigation would be needed to fully understand its clinical utility in this population." -15441635,Isoproterenol treats lipoma,1492,AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isoproterenol and prednisolone in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats lipoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of isoproterenol and prednisolone in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas.""?","Yes, the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats lipoma"" does receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement indicates that a study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Isoproterenol (alongside prednisolone) in the treatment of subcutaneous lipomas. This implies that Isoproterenol was used as a treatment for lipomas in the context of this study, providing indirect support for the claim that Isoproterenol can be used to treat lipomas. However, it is important to note that efficacy was still being evaluated in this study, so further investigation would be necessary to determine the actual effectiveness of Isoproterenol in treating lipomas." -13881275,Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension,1493,"Microdialysate concentrations of the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine (NE) and dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were measured in skeletal muscle, and plasma concentrations of NE and DHPG were measured in response to i.v. tyramine, yohimbine, and isoproterenol, in patients with PD+NOH, patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF), which is characterized by generalized catecholaminergic denervation, and control subjects.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Microdialysate concentrations of the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine (NE) and dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) were measured in skeletal muscle, and plasma concentrations of NE and DHPG were measured in response to i.v. tyramine, yohimbine, and isoproterenol, in patients with PD+NOH, patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF), which is characterized by generalized catecholaminergic denervation, and control subjects.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from this statement for the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats orthostatic hypotension."" The study measures plasma concentrations of NE (norepinephrine) and DHPG (dihydroxyphenylglycol) in response to isoproterenol in patients with PD+NOH (Parkinson's disease with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension) as well as in patients with pure autonomic failure (PAF) and control subjects. + The conclusion that VAP (presumably referring to a specific treatment regimen) is effective therapy in AIL (Adult Intestinal Lymphangiectasia) does not inherently imply any effect on filariasis, which is a parasitic disease caused by nematode worms of the Filarioidea superfamily. - The rationale behind this inference is that isoproterenol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates both beta-1 (predominantly in heart) and beta-2 (predominantly in smooth muscle) receptors. By stimulating these receptors, isoproterenol can increase heart rate and contractility (positive inotropic effect), as well as relax smooth muscle in blood vessels (vasodilation). These effects can help counteract orthostatic hypotension by increasing" -11481186,Isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation,1494,"RESULTS: LAP series analysis shows a reduction of both LP and R index during isoproterenol infusion in SR and AF (RSR = 0.75 +/- 0.07 RSRISO = 0.69 +/- 0.10, p < 0.0001; RAF = 0.31 +/- 0.08 RAFISO = 0.26 +/- 0.09, p < 0.0001; LPSR = 99.99 +/- 0.001 LPSRISO = 99.97 +/- 0.03, p < 0.0001; LPAF = 69.46 +/- 21.55 LPAFISO = 55 +/- 24.75; p < 0.0001).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: LAP series analysis shows a reduction of both LP and R index during isoproterenol infusion in SR and AF (RSR = 0.75 +/- 0.07 RSRISO = 0.69 +/- 0.10, p < 0.0001; RAF = 0.31 +/- 0.08 RAFISO = 0.26 +/- 0.09, p < 0.0001; LPSR = 99.99 +/- 0.001 LPSRISO = 99.97 +/- 0.03, p < 0.0001; LPAF = 69.46 +/- 21.55 LPAFISO = 55 +/- 24.75; p < 0.0001).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that isoproterenol treats atrial fibrillation (AF). The results show that during isoproterenol infusion in both sinus rhythm (SR) and AF, there is a significant reduction in both LP and R index (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, there is also a reduction in LPSR (p < 0.0001) and LPAF (p < 0.0001). These reductions suggest that isoproterenol has an effect on atrial fibrillation, although it does not explicitly state that it treats AF. However," -9565866,Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder,1495,Decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol in obesity may be due to defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol in obesity may be due to defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats obesity disorder."" In fact, it suggests the opposite. The statement implies that obesity is associated with decreased responsiveness to isoproterenol due to potential defects downstream of adenylyl cyclase activation of cyclic AMP. This indicates that isoproterenol may not be an effective treatment for obesity disorder, as obese individuals may not respond adequately to isoproterenol therapy due to these defects. + Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug often used in the treatment of filariasis, but its effectiveness is not mentioned or implied in the given statement. Therefore, without additional context linking VAP therapy in AIL to filariasis or Albendazole use, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects filariasis.""" +24729219,Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis,110,A thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis."" The statement discusses a thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis. This topic is unrelated to Albendazole, which is an anti-parasitic drug used for treating various types of worm infestations (helminthiasis). Therefore, there is no connection between these two pieces of information that would allow us to infer support for the claim about Albendazole disrupting helminthiasis." +16658503,Albendazole disrupts malaria,111,The effect of small doses of prednisolone on the incidence of subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in virgin female Swiss mice.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of small doses of prednisolone on the incidence of subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in virgin female Swiss mice.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts malaria."" The statement discusses the effect of small doses of prednisolone on subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in virgin female Swiss mice. This has no direct or indirect relation to Albendazole, which is an anti-parasitic drug used for treating various parasitic worm infestations, not malaria. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, not worms. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of their subject matter." +13637338,Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections,112,[Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits].""?","No, the statement ""Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections."" - Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that increases cAMP levels via Gs-coupled receptors. The statement suggests that obesity may be associated with impaired signaling downstream of cAMP accumulation, which would diminish isoproterenol's therapeutic potential in treating obesity disorder. + The statement is about an experimental study conducted on rabbits where uveitis (inflammation of the uvea) was induced using clove oil, and then treated using chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone. This study does not involve albendazole, hookworm infections, nor does it provide any information about how albendazole might affect hookworm infections. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that albendazole disrupts hookworm infections. - In summary, based on the provided statement, there is no indirect support for isoproterenol as a treatment for obesity disorder; instead, it implies that obesity may be characterized by decreased responsiveness" -8710440,Isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome,1496,the responses of heart rate and the plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) level to isoproterenol infusion in the supine position were evaluated in 10 POTS patients and 10 age-matched controls.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""the responses of heart rate and the plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) level to isoproterenol infusion in the supine position were evaluated in 10 POTS patients and 10 age-matched controls.""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that isoproterenol treats postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). The study is investigating the effects of isoproterenol infusion on heart rate and plasma cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels in both POTS patients and age-matched controls in the supine position. + To provide indirect support for the claim ""Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections,"" one could consider studies that examine albendazole's effects on hookworms in vitro or in vivo (in animals or humans), studies that investigate albendazole's mechanism of action against hookworms, or studies that compare albendazole" +15248433,Albendazole prevents filariasis,113,[Effect of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole prevents filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effect of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole prevents filariasis."" The statement focuses on the effects of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, which is unrelated to Albendazole or filariasis. Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by thread-like worms, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for its anti-inflammatory effects, heparin is an anticoagulant, T-lymphocytes play a central role in cell-mediated immunity, and B-lymphocytes are responsible for humoral immunity by producing antibodies; these concepts are not interconnected in the provided statement." +13732336,Albendazole prevents helminthiasis,114,[Effects of prednisolone on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole prevents helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of prednisolone on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole prevents helminthiasis."" The title of the study refers specifically to prednisolone's effects on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis. Albendazole is not mentioned in the title nor is it related to prednisolone or thyroiditis in any discernible way. Therefore, it is unlikely that this study provides any relevant information or support for the stated claim about Albendazole preventing helminthiasis." +15316470,Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen,115,"Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma."" - Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta-adrenergic receptor agonist that increases heart rate and contractility. By assessing its impact on heart rate in POTS patients, this study is indirectly exploring isoproterenol's potential therapeutic benefits for treating POTS symptoms. However, it is important to note that further investigation is required to establish a direct cause-and-effect relationship between isoproterenol administration and improvements in POTS symptoms. + The statement discusses the depletion of eosinophils in asthma patients using certain medications (Mepolizumab, Benralizumab, and Prednisolone). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is it related to 2-Hydroxyibuprofen in a way that would provide indirect support for the phrase in question. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and fever reduction, while 2-Hydroxyibuprofen is one of its metabolites formed in the liver during its metabolism process. The statement does not provide any information that would link these substances to eosinophil depletion in asthma patients." +16265626,Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia,116,[Prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia."" The statement discusses prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen and arthralgia (joint pain) in the context provided. Therefore, it does not offer any basis for inferring a relationship between ibuprofen and arthralgia." +14582794,Ibuprofen related to Pain,117,"To illustrate this, we used an example of cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To illustrate this, we used an example of cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Pain"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses a cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. There is no mention of ibuprofen or pain in this statement. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. The statement provided does not provide any evidence or implications that could indirectly support the relationship between ibuprofen and pain." +11440746,Ibuprofen related to Toothache,118,Prednisolone is associated with a worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone is associated with a worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone is associated with worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to toothache."" These two statements discuss different medications (Prednisolone vs Ibuprofen) and different medical conditions (bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency vs toothache). The relationship between Prednisolone and bone mineral density does not imply any connection between Ibuprofen and toothache." +9106384,Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis,119,CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis."" - The plasma cAMP level evaluation is also relevant since beta-adrenergic receptor activation increases cAMP levels in cardiac myocytes, which in turn affects cardiac contractility and heart rate. Therefore, measuring cAMP levels in response to isoproterenol inf" -10687311,Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease,1497,ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Metaproterenol treats obstructive lung disease"" from the provided statement ""ORCIPRENALINE IN TREATMENT OF AIRWAYS OBSTRUCTION IN CHRONIC BRONCHITIS."" This is because Orciprenaline (also known as Metaproterenol) is a medication used to treat obstructive lung diseases such as chronic bronchitis by relaxing muscles in the airways and increasing airflow to the lungs. However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support, it does not constitute direct evidence of Metaproterenol's effectiveness in treating obstructive lung disease as it focuses on one specific condition (chronic bronchitis). Further investigation into clinical trials and peer-reviewed studies would provide stronger evidence for Metaproterenol's therapeutic applications in obstructive lung disease more broadly." -21781034,Bacitracin A treats Infection,1498,"Based on these observations, the combination of CBD and BAC is suggested to be a putative novel treatment in clinical settings for treatment of infections with antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats Infection"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Based on these observations, the combination of CBD and BAC is suggested to be a putative novel treatment in clinical settings for treatment of infections with antibiotic resistant Gram-positive bacteria.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that BAC (Bacitracin A) could be part of a novel treatment for infections caused by antibiotic-resistant Gram-positive bacteria when used in combination with CBD. This implies that Bacitracin A has antimicrobial properties that could contribute to treating infections, although the specific claim is about its use in combination therapy rather than as a standalone treatment. However, it is important to note that further research would be needed to confirm these findings and establish the safety and efficacy of such treatment regimens." -17678351,Bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease,1499,"Thus, the bacitracin and gramicidin S-based self-assembled nanopeptide ribbon may be a successful ointment formulation for bacterial infection control.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, the bacitracin and gramicidin S-based self-assembled nanopeptide ribbon may be a successful ointment formulation for bacterial infection control.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that ""Bacitracin A treats bacterial infectious disease"" based on the statement ""Thus, the bacitracin and gramicidin S-based self-assembled nanopeptide ribbon may be a successful ointment formulation for bacterial infection control."" + The conclusion is about the effectiveness of two drugs, prednisolone and itraconazole, in treating acute-stage Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA). It does not mention ibuprofen or osteoarthritis at all. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the claimed relationship between ibuprofen and osteoarthritis. - The reason behind this is that bacitracin is explicitly mentioned as an ingredient in the proposed nanopeptide ribbon formulation for bacterial infection control. Bacitracin has been widely used as an antibiotic for treating bacterial infections on the skin and other areas of the body due to its ability to inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis. Therefore, it can be inferred that bacitracin plays an active role in managing bacterial infections within the context of the proposed nanopeptide ribbon formulation. However, it is important to note that direct causality cannot be established solely based on this statement, as further investigation into experimental details would be required for more definitive conclusions." -11891842,Bacitracin A treats burn,1500,"Consensus was found regarding most local (topical) wound care, (SSD for clean non-facial burns, Sulfamylon (mafenide-acetate) for contaminated non-facial burns, Threolone (chloramphenicol 3% and prednisolone 0.5%) or Bacitracin for facial burns, Paraffin gauzes with or without Sulfamylon for donor and graft sites).",True,"'Does the phrase ""Bacitracin A treats burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Consensus was found regarding most local (topical) wound care, (SSD for clean non-facial burns, Sulfamylon (mafenide-acetate) for contaminated non-facial burns, Threolone (chloramphenicol 3% and prednisolone 0.5%) or Bacitracin for facial burns, Paraffin gauzes with or without Sulfamylon for donor and graft sites).""?","Yes, the statement does provide indirect support for the claim that ""Bacitracin A treats burns."" The provided statement includes Bacitracin in a list of topical treatments recommended for facial burns, which suggests that Bacitracin is recognized as an effective treatment for certain types of burns in wound care consensus guidelines. However, it is important to note that this is indirect evidence and does not directly demonstrate that Bacitracin A treats burns. It only supports its use in specific circumstances (facial burns). Also, it is crucial to consider that appropriate use of any medication should be based on thorough medical evaluation and professional guidance, taking into account individual patient needs and circumstances." -26452786,Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis,101,The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease.""?","No, the statement ""The anti-ischemic mechanism of action of ranolazine in stable ischemic heart disease"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis"". + This kind of logical fallacy is known as ""hasty generalization"" or ""affirming the consequent,"" where an unrelated conclusion is drawn from an unrelated fact. It is important in scientific interpretation to stick closely to the evidence provided and not draw conclusions beyond what is supported by the data." +8106985,Ibuprofen related to burn,120,"Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations, namely native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase (L-ASP) and pegylated asparaginase (PEG-ASP) in combination with ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and prednisolone (IMEP) in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations, namely native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase (L-ASP) and pegylated asparaginase (PEG-ASP) in combination with ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and prednisolone (IMEP) in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to burn."" The purpose of the study mentioned is focused on comparing asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations when used in combination with specific chemotherapy agents in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen use and burns. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer support for that phrase based on this statement alone." +13726345,Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus,121,Prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression is not superior to prednisolone alone in terms of efficacy and safety in giant cell arteritis: meta-analysis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression is not superior to prednisolone alone in terms of efficacy and safety in giant cell arteritis: meta-analysis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus."" The meta-analysis focuses on comparing the efficacy and safety of prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression versus prednisolone alone in treating giant cell arteritis. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any reference made to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is a congenital heart defect unrelated to giant cell arteritis or treatments for it. - Fenbendazole is an anthelmintic drug used for the treatment of various parasitic worm infections in animals, including helminthiasis. The statement given discusses ranolazine, which is a medication used for treating chronic angina (chest pain) by improving blood flow to the heart muscle in patients with ischemic heart disease. These two substances have different mechanisms of action and uses, so there is no connection between them that would support the claim that Fenbendazole causes helminthiasis." -22762728,Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis,102,Atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers such as ranolazine effectively suppress AF in experimental models of AF involving canine isolated right atrial preparations at concentrations that produce little to no effect on ventricular electrophysiologic parameters.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers such as ranolazine effectively suppress AF in experimental models of AF involving canine isolated right atrial preparations at concentrations that produce little to no effect on ventricular electrophysiologic parameters.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis"". + Patent ductus arteriosus is caused by incomplete closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth, which is influenced by various genetic and environmental factors. Ibuprofen is sometimes used as an off-label treatment for PDA in premature infants; however, its effectiveness is still debated in the medical community. The statement provided does not contain any information that would alter our current understanding of Ibuprofen's relationship (if any) to PDA." +13653982,Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease,122,CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease"" does not receive any direct or indirect support from the statement ""CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL."" - The statement discusses the effects of atrial-selective/predominant sodium channel blockers, such as ranolazine, on atrial fibrillation (AF) in canine isolated right atrial preparations. It does not mention or imply any connection to Fenbendazole or helminthiasis. + The conclusion provided is about a treatment regimen called GVP (probably an acronym for some specific medical treatment) in patients with late relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). It does not mention Ibuprofen at all, nor does it discuss Alzheimer disease. - Helminthiasis is a condition caused by parasitic worms, which is unrelated to the electrophysiologic parameters of atrial fibrillation in canine models discussed in the statement. Fenbendazole is an anthelmintic drug used to treat various parasitic worm infestations, but there is no mention of it in the provided statement. Therefore, the statement does not offer any indirect support for the claim that Fenbendazole prevents helminthiasis." -21848143,Albendazole causes helminthiasis,103,Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole causes helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption.""?","No, the statement ""Ranolazine has been shown to decrease angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption"" does not provide any indirect support for the claim ""Albendazole causes helminthiasis"". + Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. Alzheimer disease is a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to waste away (degenerate) and die. While some studies suggest that NSAIDs like ibuprofen might help prevent Alzheimer disease, there is no definitive evidence supporting this claim yet. - The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about the drug Ranolazine and its effects on angina pectoris frequency and nitroglycerin consumption, while the other is about the drug Albendazole and its potential to cause helminthiasis (a parasitic infection). + Therefore, based on the information provided in the conclusion statement about GVP in late relapsed HL patients, there is no support for the idea that ib" +13133316,Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease,123,Early treatment with addition of low dose prednisolone to methotrexate improves therapeutic outcome in severe psoriatic arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early treatment with addition of low dose prednisolone to methotrexate improves therapeutic outcome in severe psoriatic arthritis.""?","No, the statement ""Early treatment with addition of low dose prednisolone to methotrexate improves therapeutic outcome in severe psoriatic arthritis"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease."" - The connection between these two statements is tenuous at best, as they do not share any common elements that would allow for indirect support. Furthermore, the first statement suggests a beneficial effect of Ranolazine, while the second statement suggests a harmful effect of Albendazole, adding to the lack of correlation between the two." -25735916,Albendazole affects trichuriasis,104,BACKGROUND: Ranolazine has been shown to reduce myocardial ischemia and symptom severity among selected patients with chronic angina.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects trichuriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Ranolazine has been shown to reduce myocardial ischemia and symptom severity among selected patients with chronic angina.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects trichuriasis."" The background statement discusses the effects of Ranolazine on myocardial ischemia and symptom severity in patients with chronic angina. This information is unrelated to Albendazole and its potential effects on trichuriasis (a disease caused by the parasitic worm Trichuris trichiura). To provide indirect support, there should be some connection between the two statements in terms of their content; however, in this case, no such connection exists." -24685635,Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis,105,"Dominant frequency (DF) of AF was reduced by ranolazine in left atrium from 11.7 (10.7-20.5) Hz to 7.6 (2.9-8.8) Hz (P = 0.02, n = 6).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Dominant frequency (DF) of AF was reduced by ranolazine in left atrium from 11.7 (10.7-20.5) Hz to 7.6 (2.9-8.8) Hz (P = 0.02, n = 6).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects filarial elephantiasis."" The statement discusses the effect of ranolazine on atrial fibrillation (AF) frequency in humans, while albendazole is an anthelmintic drug used primarily for treating soil-transmitted helminthiases and filariasis in humans. Filarial elephantiasis is a manifestation of lymphatic filariasis caused by parasitic worms of the Filarioidea type; it is not directly related to atrial fibrillation or its frequency modulation by drugs like ranolazine." -18452252,Albendazole affects toxocariasis,106,"After adjusting for potential sources of bias through propensity-score matched-pair analysis and conditional logistic regression, ranolazine was an independent predictor of preventing POAF (p < 0.0001).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects toxocariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After adjusting for potential sources of bias through propensity-score matched-pair analysis and conditional logistic regression, ranolazine was an independent predictor of preventing POAF (p < 0.0001).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects toxocariasis"". The statement discusses the use of ranolazine as an independent predictor in preventing post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF), which is unrelated to albendazole and toxocariasis. Toxocariasis is an infection caused by roundworm parasites of the Toxocara genus, while albendazole is an anthelmintic drug used in treating various parasitic worm infestations including toxocariasis. The provided statement does not contain any information about albendazole, its effects on toxocariasis, or any related context that would allow for an indirect inference of such an effect." -16658505,Albendazole affects malaria,107,Prednisolone furthers T-cell immunodeficiency and also reduces the intensity of autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone furthers T-cell immunodeficiency and also reduces the intensity of autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects malaria."" + The two statements discuss different subjects and do not share any logical connection that would allow for one statement to indirectly support the other. The first statement refers to treatment strategies for severe psoriatic arthritis using methotrexate and prednisolone, while the second statement makes an unqualified claim about ibuprofen causing peptic ulcer disease without specifying any causal relationship between these two factors. - The statement discusses the effects of Prednisolone on T-cell immunodeficiency and autoimmune reactions in multiple sclerosis. It does not mention Albendazole or malaria. Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug used to treat parasitic worm infestations, while malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. There is no connection made between these two drugs and conditions in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that Albendazole affects malaria." -13946207,Albendazole affects helminthiasis,108,[Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency ].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency ].""?","No, the statement ""Pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects helminthiasis."" + It is important to note that while ibuprofen is known as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can increase the risk of developing peptic ulcers in some individuals when used over an extended period of time, it does not automatically cause peptic ulcer disease in all cases. The development of peptic ulcers is influenced by various factors such as age, genetics, lifestyle habits (e.g., smoking, alcohol consumption" +12641386,Ibuprofen causes Fever,124,"CONCLUSION: Flu/Cy/ATG conditioning regimen, bone marrow as stem cell source and CSA, prednisolone and short methotrexate regimen were associated with better survival in AA.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Flu/Cy/ATG conditioning regimen, bone marrow as stem cell source and CSA, prednisolone and short methotrexate regimen were associated with better survival in AA.""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen causes fever"" does not receive indirect support from the conclusion provided in the study about hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. The conclusion mentions various factors associated with better survival in AML patients who have undergone allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), but it does not mention ibuprofen or fever at all. - The statement is about the pharmacokinetics of prednisolone in adrenal insufficiency, which is a completely different topic from the effects of albendazole on helminthiasis. Albendazole is an antiparasitic drug used primarily for treating helminthiases (infections by parasitic worms), while prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used mainly for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as adrenal insufficiency. + Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fevers. Fever is not caused by ibuprofen but rather is one of its potential side effects in rare cases. The conclusion in the study does not provide any evidence or reasoning that would link ibuprofen use to fever occurrence. - Therefore, there is no connection between these two concepts in terms of their subject matter, making it impossible for one statement to provide any support for the other." -11239060,Albendazole affects filariasis,109,It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole affects filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL.""?","No, the statement ""It is concluded that VAP is effective therapy in AIL"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole affects filariasis."" + In summary, there is no indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen causes fever"" based on the given conclusion about factors associated with better survival in AML patients undergoing allo-HSCT." +12482174,Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis,125,Effect of addition of short course of prednisolone to gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of addition of short course of prednisolone to gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis."" The study mentioned is a pilot randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of adding a short course of prednisolone to a gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease. There is no mention of ibuprofen or pancreatitis in the statement; therefore, it does not contribute any evidence towards the claim that ibuprofen causes pancreatitis. - The conclusion that VAP (presumably referring to some form of treatment) is effective therapy in AIL (Assistant Investigator Led trials) does not mention Albendazole, filariasis, or any related concepts. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence or inference that could be used to support the claim about Albendazole's effect on filariasis. + To further elaborate, for there to be indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis"" from the given statement, there should be some connection between ibuprofen, pancreatitis, prednisolone, gluten-free diet, mucosal epithelial cell regeneration, or apoptosis in celiac disease. However, no such connection exists in the statement provided. - Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by thread-like worms (filariae) while Albendazole is an antihelmintic drug often used to treat various parasitic worm infestations. The connection between these two concepts is not established in the provided statement. + It is essential to evaluate statements based on their relevance and connection to the claim in question before making any conclusions about their support for that claim. In this case, since there is no connection between ibupro" +12438812,Ibuprofen causes Toothache,126,Coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Toothache."" The statement discusses the coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis. This is unrelated to ibuprofen or toothache. It is essential to evaluate each claim independently based on its merits and relevant evidence rather than drawing connections between unrelated statements." +12079834,Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,127,"Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease (RAISE study): a randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease (RAISE study): a randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial.""?","No, there is no indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" in the provided statement about the RAISE study on Kawasaki disease. The RAISE study is investigating the efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone in preventing coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease, which is an autoimmune disease primarily affecting children. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study statement nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen use and acute respiratory distress syndrome in adults." +11157616,Ibuprofen causes Pain,128,"Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma.""?","No, the statement ""Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Pain"". - To establish whether Albendazole affects filariasis, one would need to examine studies specifically investigating this relationship, not conclusions drawn from unrelated clinical trials." -24729219,Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis,110,A thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis.""?","No, the statement ""A thermographic assessment of three intra-articular prednisolone analogues given in rheumatoid synovitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts helminthiasis."" The two statements discuss different subjects - thermographic assessment of corticosteroid analogues in rheumatoid synovitis and albendazole's effect on helminthiasis - without any overlap in their subject matter, mechanisms of action, or implications for treatment of parasitic infections like helminthiasis." -16658503,Albendazole disrupts malaria,111,The effect of small doses of prednisolone on the incidence of subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in virgin female Swiss mice.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts malaria"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of small doses of prednisolone on the incidence of subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in virgin female Swiss mice.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts malaria."" The statement discusses the effect of small doses of prednisolone on subcutaneous sarcomas induced by 3-methylcholanthrene in female Swiss mice. This study is unrelated to Albendazole, malaria, or any disruption of malaria by Albendazole. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context for supporting the claim in question." -13637338,Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections,112,[Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole disrupts Hookworm Infections."" The title ""Effects of chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone in experimental uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits"" refers to an animal study investigating two different compounds (chromocarb diethylamine and prednisolone) in relation to uveitis induced by clove oil in rabbits. There is no mention of albendazole, hookworm infections, or any related processes in this title. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim about albendazole disrupting hookworm infections." -15248433,Albendazole prevents filariasis,113,[Effect of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole prevents filariasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effect of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole prevents filariasis."" The statement is about the effect of prednisolone and heparin on circulating T- and B-lymphocytes in glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus, which is unrelated to Albendazole or filariasis. + The statement in question is related to a study involving four drugs used in treating refractory multiple myeloma, a type of cancer. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any implicit connection that could be drawn between ibuprofen and pain in this context. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the claim that ibuprofen causes pain. - Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by thread-like worms living in the human body. Albendazole is an anti-parasitic drug often used to treat filariasis by killing the parasitic worms. The statement provided, however, does not mention Albendazole or filariasis at all, so it cannot provide any support for the claim that Albendazole prevents filariasis." -13732336,Albendazole prevents helminthiasis,114,[Effects of prednisolone on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Albendazole prevents helminthiasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effects of prednisolone on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Albendazole prevents helminthiasis."" The title of the study focuses on prednisolone's effects on thyroidal-123I uptake in subacute thyroiditis, which is unrelated to albendazole or helminthiasis prevention. Helminthiasis is an infection caused by parasitic worms, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for various conditions such as subacute thyroiditis, rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and allergies. Albendazole is an anthelmintic drug used for treating various parasitic worm infections but not specifically mentioned in the title of the study provided. Therefore, there is no connection between these two statements in terms of supporting evidence for albendazole preventing helminthiasis." -15316470,Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen,115,"Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen subclass of 2-Hydroxyibuprofen"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Blood Eosinophil Depletion with Mepolizumab, Benralizumab and Prednisolone in Eosinophilic Asthma."" + However, it is important to note that ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) often used for pain relief. Misuse or overuse of ibuprofen can lead to side effects such as stomach ulcers or kidney problems, but it does not inherently ""cause pain"". Any association between ibuprofen use and pain would depend on factors such as incorrect dosage, pre-existing conditions, or drug interactions, which are not suggested by the provided statement." +10429873,Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage,129,Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.""?","No, the statement ""Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" does not provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage."" The two statements discuss different concepts that do not have any logical connection between them. - The statement in question discusses blood eosinophil depletion in eosinophilic asthma using mepolizumab, benralizumab, and prednisolone - all of which are medications used for asthma treatment but not related to ibuprofen or its subclasses. Ibuprofen is an analgesic (pain reliever) and anti-inflammatory drug in the class of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), while 2-Hydroxyibuprofen is one of its metabolites formed during its breakdown in the body. - - The lack of connection between these two pieces of information makes it impossible for one statement to indirectly support the other in any meaningful way regarding ibuprofen subclasses." -16265626,Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia,116,[Prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Arthralgia."" The statement discusses prednisolone and aspirin combination therapy in habitual abortion with autoantibodies. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen and arthralgia (joint pain) in the context provided. Arthralgia is not explicitly linked to prednisolone, aspirin, or autoantibodies in this statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen is related to arthralgia." -14582794,Ibuprofen related to Pain,117,"To illustrate this, we used an example of cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To illustrate this, we used an example of cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Pain"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses a cost-effectiveness analysis for docetaxel in combination with prednisolone in metastatic hormone-refractory prostate cancer. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is it implied in any way. Ibuprofen is a non-prescription non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. Therefore, there is no connection between the statement about cost-effectiveness analysis and the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Pain""." -11440746,Ibuprofen related to Toothache,118,Prednisolone is associated with a worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone is associated with a worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone is associated with worse bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to toothache."" These two statements discuss different medications (Prednisolone and Ibuprofen) and different medical conditions (bone mineral density in primary adrenal insufficiency and toothache). There is no connection between them that would allow for indirect support." -9106384,Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis,119,CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone was more effective in inducing response than itraconazole in acute-stage ABPA"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to osteoarthritis."" The conclusion is about the efficacy of prednisolone versus itraconazole in acute-stage allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). It does not mention ibuprofen or osteoarthritis at all. Therefore, it does not provide any basis for inferring a relationship between ibuprofen and osteoarthritis." -8106985,Ibuprofen related to burn,120,"Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations, namely native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase (L-ASP) and pegylated asparaginase (PEG-ASP) in combination with ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and prednisolone (IMEP) in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations, namely native Escherichia coli L-asparaginase (L-ASP) and pegylated asparaginase (PEG-ASP) in combination with ifosfamide, methotrexate, etoposide, and prednisolone (IMEP) in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen related to burn."" The purpose of the study mentioned is focused on comparing asparaginase-related toxicities in two asparaginase preparations when used in combination with specific chemotherapy agents in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (NTCL). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen and burns in the context of asparaginase toxicities. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer support for that specific phrase based on the provided statement alone." -13726345,Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus,121,Prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression is not superior to prednisolone alone in terms of efficacy and safety in giant cell arteritis: meta-analysis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression is not superior to prednisolone alone in terms of efficacy and safety in giant cell arteritis: meta-analysis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes patent ductus arteriosus."" The meta-analysis study focuses on comparing the efficacy and safety of prednisolone combined with adjunctive immunosuppression versus prednisolone alone in treating giant cell arteritis. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any reference made to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is a congenital heart defect unrelated to either prednisolone or immunosuppression therapies in giant cell arteritis patients. The two statements discuss different medical conditions and treatments without any overlap in their subject matter; thus, there is no indirect support for the claim about ibuprofen causing PDA based on the given statement about prednisolone in giant cell arteritis treatment." -13653982,Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease,122,CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL.""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Alzheimer disease"" does not receive any direct or indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: GVP is well-tolerated regimen with high response rate and needs to be tested in late relapsed HL."" - - The conclusion provided is about a treatment regimen called GVP (Gemcitabine, Vinorelbine, Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin) in patients with late relapsed Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL). It states that GVP is well-tolerated and has a high response rate, implying that it could be an effective treatment option for these patients. However, it also suggests that further testing is required before any definitive conclusions can be drawn about its efficacy in late relapsed HL. - - Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief and reducing inflammation. There is some evidence suggesting that NSAIDs like ibuprofen may have potential benefits in Alzheimer disease prevention by reducing inflammation in the brain. However, there is no" -13133316,Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease,123,Early treatment with addition of low dose prednisolone to methotrexate improves therapeutic outcome in severe psoriatic arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early treatment with addition of low dose prednisolone to methotrexate improves therapeutic outcome in severe psoriatic arthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes peptic ulcer disease."" The statement discusses the therapeutic outcome of treating severe psoriatic arthritis with methotrexate and low-dose prednisolone without mentioning ibuprofen or peptic ulcer disease. Even if ibuprofen were mentioned in relation to increased risk of peptic ulcer disease, it would still not provide indirect support for the original phrase as there is no connection made between ibuprofen use and psoriatic arthritis treatment in the statement. - - To further clarify, peptic ulcer disease is an adverse effect associated with long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen. However, it is essential to understand that association does not imply causation. While NSAIDs have been linked to an increased risk of developing peptic ulcers, other factors such as age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and H. pylori infection also contribute significantly to their development. Therefore, it is inaccurate to claim that ibuprofen directly causes pe" -12641386,Ibuprofen causes Fever,124,"CONCLUSION: Flu/Cy/ATG conditioning regimen, bone marrow as stem cell source and CSA, prednisolone and short methotrexate regimen were associated with better survival in AA.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Flu/Cy/ATG conditioning regimen, bone marrow as stem cell source and CSA, prednisolone and short methotrexate regimen were associated with better survival in AA.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Fever."" The conclusion in the statement is about the factors associated with better survival in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen use and fever. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion from this statement alone." -12482174,Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis,125,Effect of addition of short course of prednisolone to gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of addition of short course of prednisolone to gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease: a pilot randomized controlled trial.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes pancreatitis."" The study mentioned is a pilot randomized controlled trial investigating the effect of adding a short course of prednisolone to a gluten-free diet on mucosal epithelial cell regeneration and apoptosis in celiac disease patients. This study does not involve Ibuprofen nor does it discuss its potential side effects on pancreatitis. - - To further elaborate on why there is no indirect support for the claim, let us consider some aspects of study design and drug mechanisms. A study examining prednisolone in celiac disease patients is unrelated to Ibuprofen use; therefore, it does not provide any evidence regarding Ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis risk. Additionally, Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that primarily inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes leading to decreased prostaglandin synthesis, which is different from prednisolone's mechanism as a corticosteroid that modulates immune response and infl" -12438812,Ibuprofen causes Toothache,126,Coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Toothache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis.""?","No, the statement ""Coadministration of cyclosporin a with prednisolone in acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis"" does not provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen causes Toothache"". - - The statement in question is about the coadministration of two drugs, cyclosporin a and prednisolone, in the context of acute interstitial pneumonia complicating polymyositis/dermatomyositis. This has no direct or indirect relation to ibuprofen or toothache. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation, while toothache is a symptom of dental issues. The connection between these two is not established in the provided statement." -12079834,Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,127,"Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease (RAISE study): a randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone for prevention of coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease (RAISE study): a randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoints trial.""?","No, there is no indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen causes adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" in the provided statement about the RAISE study on Kawasaki disease treatment. The RAISE study is investigating the efficacy of immunoglobulin plus prednisolone in preventing coronary artery abnormalities in severe Kawasaki disease, which is an autoimmune disease primarily affecting children. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study statement, nor is there any link established between ibuprofen use and adult acute respiratory distress syndrome in the provided context." -11157616,Ibuprofen causes Pain,128,"Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma.""?","No, the statement ""Response of vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisolone in refractory multiple myeloma"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Pain."" The statement discusses the effects of certain chemotherapeutic agents on refractory multiple myeloma, which is an unrelated medical condition to pain management by Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation control; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the given statement about multiple myeloma treatment." -10429873,Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage,129,Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia.""?","No, the statement ""Pyruvate kinase M2 and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" does not provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen causes Hemorrhage."" The two statements discuss different biological concepts that do not overlap in any meaningful way. The first statement refers to pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an isoform of pyruvate kinase involved in glycolysis, and prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is a type of cancer affecting white blood cells in the body. The second statement mentions Ibuprofen, an over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and its potential side effect of causing hemorrhage (bleeding). - - Since there is no connection between PKM2, prednisolone resistance in ALL, and Ibuprofen-induced hemorrhage, it is inappropriate to infer support for one statement based on the other. While it is important to critically evaluate all information presented in scientific disc" -9800201,Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease,130,"Stimulation with prednisolone and TNFalpha reduced GDF-5 expression in OA and RA fibroblasts, whereas MTX and IL-1beta revealed minor or no relevant change.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Stimulation with prednisolone and TNFalpha reduced GDF-5 expression in OA and RA fibroblasts, whereas MTX and IL-1beta revealed minor or no relevant change.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease."" The statement discusses the effects of various substances on GDF-5 expression in osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblasts. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection that can be drawn between the two pieces of information. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief in arthritis patients, but its impact on GDF-5 expression or arthritic joint disease development is not addressed in this statement." -8163776,Ibuprofen causes injury,131,"A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes injury."" The statement discusses the efficacy of a specific chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP) in treating certain types of lymphoma (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL)). Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, and it is not mentioned nor implied in the statement about R-CHOP therapy in lymphoma treatment." -26701175,Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis,132,"A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses the efficacy of a specific chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP) in treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, while rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder characterized by joint inflammation. Although both ibuprofen and rheumatoid arthritis treatment involve inflammation reduction, there is no connection between R-CHOP chemotherapy and ibuprofen in terms of rheumatoid arthritis treatment." -24384432,Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder,133,Weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in androgen-independent prostate cancer: a randomized phase II study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in androgen-independent prostate cancer: a randomized phase II study.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder."" The study mentioned is about comparing weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in treating androgen-independent prostate cancer in patients who have received prior hormonal therapy. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study at all, nor is there any discussion about migraines or related disorders. Therefore, it is not reasonable to draw any conclusions about ibuprofen's effect on migraines based on this study alone." -23500890,Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,134,Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome."" The study focuses on the long-term effects of prednisolone and azathioprine in treating membranous nephropathy, which is a kidney disorder. Ibuprofen is an analgesic (pain reliever) and anti-inflammatory drug that belongs to a class of medications called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The subjects of these two statements are distinct in terms of drug type (corticosteroid vs NSAID) and disease condition (kidney disorder vs respiratory distress syndrome). Therefore, there is no implied connection between them that would support the claim about ibuprofen affecting adult acute respiratory distress syndrome." -21214366,Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia,135,"Taken together, the present study points to a strong inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis by reduction of the intratumoral production of the majority of pro-angiogenic factors studied and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, which is the result of high prolonged levels of prednisolone in the tumor by liposomal delivery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Taken together, the present study points to a strong inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis by reduction of the intratumoral production of the majority of pro-angiogenic factors studied and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, which is the result of high prolonged levels of prednisolone in the tumor by liposomal delivery.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses the inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis through reduced production of pro-angiogenic factors and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation due to high prolonged levels of prednisolone in tumors via liposomal delivery. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Therefore, there is no connection between the statement and the phrase in question." -20886939,Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment,136,Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects cognitive impairment."" The study focuses on comparing the efficacy of prednisolone and dexamethasone in treating croup, which is an acute viral infection of the upper airway. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study at all, let alone its potential effects on cognitive impairment." -18977843,Ibuprofen affects Headache,137,Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country.""?","No, the statement ""Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Headache"". - - The reason is that the statement is about the use of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and prednisolone in treating infantile spasms in a developing country. It does not mention, discuss, or provide any information about ibuprofen or headaches. - - Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily as a painkiller and fever reducer. Its effects on headaches are well-studied in clinical settings, but they are not related to the context of the provided statement. - - Therefore, without additional information linking ibuprofen and headaches to the context of ACTH, prednisolone, and infantile spasms in a developing country, there is no basis for inferring support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Headache""." -15746938,Ibuprofen affects injury,138,Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease.""?","No, the statement ""Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects injury."" The statement is about the relationship between bone mineral density, efficacy, and side effects of two specific medications used in treating Crohn's disease. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any reference made to injury or how it might be affected by ibuprofen. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information concerning the relationship between ibuprofen use and injury." -13826486,Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis,139,OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"". The objective in the statement is focused on examining the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any implicit connection that could be drawn to osteoarthritis." -13584223,Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment,140,OBJECTIVE: To determine whether addition of low dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To determine whether addition of low dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment."" The objective in the statement is to determine whether adding low-dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy. This is unrelated to Ibuprofen or cognitive impairment." -12659717,Ibuprofen affects Fever,141,A double-blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever."" The study mentioned is investigating the effects of infliximab and prednisolone on acute alcoholic hepatitis; it does not involve ibuprofen or fever. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) known for its fever-reducing properties; however, no evidence is presented in this statement that would suggest ibuprofen has any impact on fever." -11207850,Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease,142,EULAR randomised controlled trial of pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone versus continuous cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone in lupus nephritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""EULAR randomised controlled trial of pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone versus continuous cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone in lupus nephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease."" The EULAR randomised controlled trial mentioned in the statement is focused on comparing different treatment regimens for lupus nephritis, a specific type of kidney inflammation associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any discussion of peptic ulcer disease. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about the relationship between ibuprofen and peptic ulcer disease based on this statement alone." -11159990,Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage,143,OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage."" The objective of the study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the objective, nor is there any implicit connection that could be inferred. Wegener's granulomatosis is a specific type of vasculitis, and while ibuprofen could theoretically have an impact on bleeding conditions, the statement provided does not offer any evidence or implications in that direction." -10170540,Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus,144,"Treatment with combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone produced a remission in the leukaemia with complete resolution of the breast mass.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone produced a remission in the leukaemia with complete resolution of the breast mass.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus."" The statement discusses the effects of a combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone on leukaemia and breast mass resolution. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is a congenital heart defect affecting newborns. Ibuprofen is known to have potential benefits in reducing PDA in preterm infants; however, that information is not derived from nor implied by the statement provided." -10026104,Ibuprofen affects Myalgia,145,RESULTS: The average initial dose of prednisolone in polymyalgia rheumatica was 35 mg; 51 of 62 patients were given a starting dose exceeding 15 mg.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: The average initial dose of prednisolone in polymyalgia rheumatica was 35 mg; 51 of 62 patients were given a starting dose exceeding 15 mg.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Myalgia."" The statement discusses the initial dose of prednisolone given to patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, but it does not mention ibuprofen or myalgia at all. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, while myalgia refers to muscle pain or inflammation. The connection between these terms and the information provided in the statement is tenuous at best. Therefore, it cannot lend indirect support to the claim that ibuprofen affects myalgia." -9889792,Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage,146,[Trans-utero-tubal administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Trans-utero-tubal administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage."" The statement discusses the administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes, which is unrelated to ibuprofen and hemorrhage. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions. Hemorrhage refers to excessive bleeding, which is not mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no connection between ibuprofen and hemorrhage in this context." -8819538,Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis,147,[On experiences with a combination preparation from prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology especially in endogenous eczema].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On experiences with a combination preparation from prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology especially in endogenous eczema].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"". The statement discusses the use of prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology, particularly in endogenous eczema. Ibuprofen is neither mentioned nor implied in this context. Therefore, it cannot be used as evidence to support the claim about ibuprofen's effect on osteoarthritis." -8421263,Ibuprofen affects Fever,148,[USE OF PREDNISOLONE IN SOME GRAVE FORMS OF PATHOLOGY OF THE PREMATURE INFANT].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[USE OF PREDNISOLONE IN SOME GRAVE FORMS OF PATHOLOGY OF THE PREMATURE INFANT].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever."" The statement discusses the use of prednisolone in some grave forms of pathology in premature infants, which is unrelated to ibuprofen's effect on fever. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used as an analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever reducer). The statement provided does not offer any information that can be used to draw a connection between prednisolone usage in premature infants and ibuprofen's effect on fever." -27630106,Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain,149,[EFFECT OF PREDNISOLONE ON THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES AND IN RHEUMATISM].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[EFFECT OF PREDNISOLONE ON THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES AND IN RHEUMATISM].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain."" The statement is about the effects of Prednisolone on cardiac activity in liver and kidney diseases and rheumatism. It does not mention Ibuprofen or acute pain. Therefore, it does not offer any form of support for the stated phrase." -23399675,Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia,150,"In this limited pilot study, we compared the effect on clinical outcome of treating Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs with prednisolone (a corticosteroid), flurbiprofen (a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), and a leukotriene antagonist, SKF104353 [R-(R*, S*)]-beta-[(2-carboxyethyl) thio-alpha-hydroxy-2-(8-phenyloctyl) benzenepropanoic acid, zinc salt].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this limited pilot study, we compared the effect on clinical outcome of treating Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs with prednisolone (a corticosteroid), flurbiprofen (a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), and a leukotriene antagonist, SKF104353 [R-(R*, S*)]-beta-[(2-carboxyethyl) thio-alpha-hydroxy-2-(8-phenyloctyl) benzenepropanoic acid, zinc salt].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia."" The study mentioned in the statement is focused on treating Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs using various drugs, one of which is flurbiprofen, a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor like ibuprofen. However, the study does not investigate the effect of these drugs on myalgia (muscle pain), nor does it specifically study ibuprofen. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant insights into the potential impact of ibuprofen on myalgia." -18599970,Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease,151,URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS.""?","No, the statement ""URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease."" - - The statement is about the excretion of Prednisolone, a corticosteroid used in treating various conditions including ulcerative colitis, after intrarectal therapy in ulcerative colitis patients. This has no direct or indirect relation to Ibuprofen, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, including arthritis-related pain. The two statements refer to different drugs, diseases, and mechanisms of action, so there is no logical connection that would allow one to support the other." -15072611,Ibuprofen disrupts Fever,152,"Male rats treated with either budesonide, prednisolone, or triamcinolone acetonide in drinking water for up to 104 weeks developed slightly increased incidences of basophilic foci, and significantly increased incidences of combined hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas as compared to controls.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Male rats treated with either budesonide, prednisolone, or triamcinolone acetonide in drinking water for up to 104 weeks developed slightly increased incidences of basophilic foci, and significantly increased incidences of combined hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas as compared to controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Fever"". The statement discusses the effects of three different corticosteroids (budesonide, prednisolone, and triamcinolone acetonide) on male rats over an extended period (up to 104 weeks). The observed effects include slightly increased incidences of basophilic foci and significantly increased incidences of combined hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas compared to controls. These results do not relate to ibuprofen or its fever-disrupting properties in any way. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), whereas corticosteroids belong to a different class of drugs (steroid hormones). Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw any conclusions about ibuprofen based on this statement about corticosteroids in rats." -14486259,Ibuprofen disrupts Pain,153,[On the use of prednisolone in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On the use of prednisolone in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Pain"". The statement is about prednisolone use in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility, which is unrelated to ibuprofen disruption of pain." -8331095,Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease,154,Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases.""?","No, the statement ""Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease."" + The first statement refers to pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), an isoform of pyruvate kinase that plays a crucial role in glycolysis; prednisolone resistance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is a type of cancer affecting white blood cells; and their possible interaction in disease progression or treatment response. - The reason is that these two statements discuss different drugs (ibuprofen vs prednisone/prednisolone) and different medical conditions (Alzheimer disease vs juvenile rheumatoid arthritis). There is no mention of ibuprofen, Alzheimer disease, or any related pathophysiological processes in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that could be used to infer support for the claim about ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease. + The second statement is about Ibuprofen, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), and its potential side effect of causing hemorrhage (bleeding). - In order to establish indirect support for the claim about ibuprofen disruption of Alzheimer disease, one would need to find evidence connecting ibuprofen use and Alzheimer disease pathophysiology in some way. This could be through shared mechanisms of action, epidemiological studies showing correlations between ibuprofen use and Alzheimer disease incidence/se" -25657729,Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder,155,[Effect of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effect of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome].""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder"" does not receive indirect support from the title ""[Effect of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome]."" + The lack of any shared concepts between these two statements makes it impossible for one statement to indirectly support the other." +9800201,Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease,130,"Stimulation with prednisolone and TNFalpha reduced GDF-5 expression in OA and RA fibroblasts, whereas MTX and IL-1beta revealed minor or no relevant change.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Stimulation with prednisolone and TNFalpha reduced GDF-5 expression in OA and RA fibroblasts, whereas MTX and IL-1beta revealed minor or no relevant change.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes arthritic joint disease."" The statement discusses the effects of various substances (prednisolone, TNFalpha, MTX, IL-1beta) on GDF-5 expression in osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblasts. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection to be made between the two phrases. Furthermore, even if ibuprofen were mentioned, a single statement about its effect on GDF-5 expression would not be sufficient evidence to claim it causes arthritic joint disease. A direct causal link would need to be established through rigorous scientific investigation." +8163776,Ibuprofen causes injury,131,"A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen causes injury."" The statement discusses the efficacy of a specific chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP) in treating certain types of lymphoma (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL)). Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, unrelated to chemotherapy treatments for lymphoma. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would lend support to the claim about ibuprofen causing injury." +26701175,Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis,132,"A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of rituximab plus chemotherapy, rituximab+cyclophosphamide+doxorubicin+vincristine+prednisolone (R-CHOP), has the highest efficacy ever described with any chemotherapy in DLBCL and FL.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses the efficacy of a specific chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP) in treating diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL), which are types of cancer. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, and its effects on rheumatoid arthritis are unrelated to the R-CHOP chemotherapy regimen mentioned in the statement." +24384432,Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder,133,Weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in androgen-independent prostate cancer: a randomized phase II study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in androgen-independent prostate cancer: a randomized phase II study.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects migraine disorder."" The study mentioned is about comparing weekly docetaxel and prednisolone versus prednisolone alone in treating androgen-independent prostate cancer. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any discussion related to migraines or their treatment. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about ibuprofen's effect on migraines based on this study." +23500890,Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,134,Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone and azathioprine in membranous nephropathy: a 10-year follow-up study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome."" The study focuses on the long-term effects of prednisolone and azathioprine in treating membranous nephropathy, which is a kidney disorder. Ibuprofen is an analgesic and anti-inflammatory drug that belongs to a different class than prednisolone (a corticosteroid) and azathioprine (an immunosuppressant). The study does not mention ibuprofen nor acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), making it irrelevant in providing support for the claim about ibuprofen's effect on ARDS in adults. - - The title refers to an investigation of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome patients. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the title nor is there any implicit reference made that could suggest its potential effects on hypertensive disorders prevention. + To further elaborate on why there is no indirect support for the claim about ibuprofen affecting ARDS in adults based on the provided statement, let us consider some aspects of ARDS pathophysiology and ibuprofen pharmacology. ARDS is characterized by inflamm" +21214366,Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia,135,"Taken together, the present study points to a strong inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis by reduction of the intratumoral production of the majority of pro-angiogenic factors studied and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, which is the result of high prolonged levels of prednisolone in the tumor by liposomal delivery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Taken together, the present study points to a strong inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis by reduction of the intratumoral production of the majority of pro-angiogenic factors studied and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation, which is the result of high prolonged levels of prednisolone in the tumor by liposomal delivery.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses the inhibitory effect of liposomal PLP on tumor angiogenesis through the reduction of pro-angiogenic factors and direct inhibition of endothelial cell proliferation due to high prolonged levels of prednisolone in the tumor via liposomal delivery. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Therefore, there is no connection between the information provided in the statement and the claim about ibuprofen's effect on bronchopulmonary dysplasia." +20886939,Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment,136,Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone versus dexamethasone in croup: a randomised equivalence trial"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects cognitive impairment."" The study focuses on comparing the efficacy of prednisolone and dexamethasone in treating croup, which is an acute viral infection of the upper airway. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the study at all, let alone its potential effects on cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw any conclusions about ibuprofen's impact on cognitive impairment based on this study alone." +18977843,Ibuprofen affects Headache,137,Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country.""?","No, the statement ""Use of ACTH and prednisolone in infantile spasms: experience from a developing country"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Headache."" - - Furthermore, nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria (excessive protein excretion in urine), hypoalbuminemia (low levels of albumin in blood), and edema (swelling), which is different from hypertensive disorders (high blood pressure conditions). Thus, there is no direct or indirect link between ibuprofen preventing hypertensive disorders and the study of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome patients. + The reason is that the statement focuses on the use of ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) and prednisolone in treating infantile spasms in a developing country. It does not mention, discuss, or provide any data related to ibuprofen or headaches. Therefore, it does not contribute to our understanding of how ibuprofen might affect headaches." +15746938,Ibuprofen affects injury,138,Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease.""?","No, the statement ""Bone mineral density in relation to efficacy and side effects of budesonide and prednisolone in Crohn's disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects injury."" The statement is about the relationship between bone mineral density, efficacy, and side effects of two specific medications used in treating Crohn's disease. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any reference made to injury or how it might be affected by ibuprofen. Therefore, there is no implicit connection that can be drawn between these two phrases based on the provided information alone." +13826486,Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis,139,OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To examine the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"". The objective of the study mentioned is focused on examining the safety and efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) plus low-dose prednisolone for induction of remission in non life- or organ-threatening courses and for remission maintenance in Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any reference made to osteoarthritis. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about the effects of ibuprofen on osteoarthritis based on this statement alone." +13584223,Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment,140,OBJECTIVE: To determine whether addition of low dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To determine whether addition of low dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Cognitive impairment."" The objective in the statement is to determine whether adding low-dose prednisolone to multidrug treatment can prevent reaction and nerve function impairment in leprosy. This is unrelated to ibuprofen or cognitive impairment." +12659717,Ibuprofen affects Fever,141,A double-blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A double-blind randomized controlled trial of infliximab associated with prednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever."" The study mentioned is investigating the effects of infliximab and prednisolone on acute alcoholic hepatitis, not ibuprofen's impact on fever. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement at all; therefore, it cannot support any claim about ibuprofen affecting fever based on that information alone." +11207850,Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease,142,EULAR randomised controlled trial of pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone versus continuous cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone in lupus nephritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""EULAR randomised controlled trial of pulse cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone versus continuous cyclophosphamide and prednisolone followed by azathioprine and prednisolone in lupus nephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects peptic ulcer disease."" The EULAR randomised controlled trial mentioned in the statement is focused on comparing different treatment regimens for lupus nephritis, a type of kidney inflammation associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information linking it to peptic ulcer disease. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about ibuprofen's effect on peptic ulcer disease based on this statement alone." +11159990,Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage,143,OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage."" The objective of the study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of leflunomide plus low-dose prednisolone for the maintenance of remission in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the objective, nor is there any implicit connection that could be inferred. Wegener's granulomatosis is a specific type of vasculitis, and while ibuprofen could theoretically have an impact on bleeding, the statement provided does not offer any evidence or context for such a claim." +10170540,Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus,144,"Treatment with combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone produced a remission in the leukaemia with complete resolution of the breast mass.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine and prednisolone produced a remission in the leukaemia with complete resolution of the breast mass.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects patent ductus arteriosus."" The statement discusses the effects of a combined therapy of adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone on leukaemia and breast mass resolution. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), which is a congenital heart defect affecting newborns. Ibuprofen is known to have potential benefits in reducing PDA in preterm infants; however, that information is not derived from nor implied by the statement provided." +10026104,Ibuprofen affects Myalgia,145,RESULTS: The average initial dose of prednisolone in polymyalgia rheumatica was 35 mg; 51 of 62 patients were given a starting dose exceeding 15 mg.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: The average initial dose of prednisolone in polymyalgia rheumatica was 35 mg; 51 of 62 patients were given a starting dose exceeding 15 mg.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Myalgia."" The statement discusses the initial dose of prednisolone given to patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, but it does not mention ibuprofen or myalgia at all. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, while myalgia refers to muscle pain or inflammation. The connection between these terms and the information provided in the statement is tenuous at best. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer that the statement supports the claim about ibuprofen's effect on myalgia." +9889792,Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage,146,[Trans-utero-tubal administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Trans-utero-tubal administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Hemorrhage."" The statement discusses the administration of prednisolone in sterility caused by obstruction of the tubes, which is unrelated to ibuprofen and hemorrhage. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, skin disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Hemorrhage refers to excessive bleeding. There is no connection between these concepts in the provided statement." +8819538,Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis,147,[On experiences with a combination preparation from prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology especially in endogenous eczema].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On experiences with a combination preparation from prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology especially in endogenous eczema].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects osteoarthritis"". The statement discusses the use of prednisolone and an antihistaminic in dermatology, particularly in endogenous eczema. Ibuprofen is neither mentioned nor implied in this context. Therefore, it cannot lend credence to the claim about Ibuprofen's effect on osteoarthritis." +8421263,Ibuprofen affects Fever,148,[USE OF PREDNISOLONE IN SOME GRAVE FORMS OF PATHOLOGY OF THE PREMATURE INFANT].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[USE OF PREDNISOLONE IN SOME GRAVE FORMS OF PATHOLOGY OF THE PREMATURE INFANT].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen affects Fever."" The statement discusses the use of prednisolone in some grave forms of pathology in premature infants, which is unrelated to ibuprofen's effect on fever. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for its analgesic (pain-relieving), antipyretic (fever-reducing), and anti-inflammatory properties. The statement provided does not contain any information linking ibuprofen or its effects on fever." +27630106,Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain,149,[EFFECT OF PREDNISOLONE ON THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES AND IN RHEUMATISM].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[EFFECT OF PREDNISOLONE ON THE CARDIAC ACTIVITY IN LIVER AND KIDNEY DISEASES AND IN RHEUMATISM].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Acute Pain"". The statement discusses the effects of Prednisolone on cardiac activity in liver and kidney diseases and rheumatism. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid drug used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, while Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) also used for its anti-inflammatory effects but primarily targeting pain relief and fever reduction. - - In conclusion, it is essential to carefully evaluate each study based on its specific objectives, methods, results, and conclusions before inferring any" -22159382,Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage,156,[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy].""?","No, the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy]."" + The two statements discuss different drugs (Prednisolone vs Ibuprofen) and different aspects of their effects (cardiac activity in liver and kidney diseases and rheumatism vs acute pain relief). Therefore, there is no connection between them that would allow for indirect support of the claim about Ibuprofen disrupting acute pain." +23399675,Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia,150,"In this limited pilot study, we compared the effect on clinical outcome of treating Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs with prednisolone (a corticosteroid), flurbiprofen (a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), and a leukotriene antagonist, SKF104353 [R-(R*, S*)]-beta-[(2-carboxyethyl) thio-alpha-hydroxy-2-(8-phenyloctyl) benzenepropanoic acid, zinc salt].",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this limited pilot study, we compared the effect on clinical outcome of treating Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs with prednisolone (a corticosteroid), flurbiprofen (a cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), and a leukotriene antagonist, SKF104353 [R-(R*, S*)]-beta-[(2-carboxyethyl) thio-alpha-hydroxy-2-(8-phenyloctyl) benzenepropanoic acid, zinc salt].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Myalgia."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the effects of various treatments on Pseudomonas keratitis in guinea pigs, which is not related to myalgia (muscle pain) in humans. Ibuprofen is one type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits cyclo-oxygenase (COX), like flurbiprofen; however, the study does not provide any information about ibuprofen specifically nor its impact on myalgia. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw conclusions about ibuprofen disruption of myalgia based on this study." +18599970,Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease,151,URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS.""?","No, the statement ""URINARY EXCRETION OF PREDNISOLONE AFTER INTRARECTAL THERAPY IN ULCERATIVE COLITIS"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts arthritic joint disease"". - The statement does not mention Ibuprofen or hemorrhage at all. It specifically discusses the therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy cases. Therefore, there is no connection that can be drawn between the two statements that would lend support to the claim about Ibuprofen preventing hemorrhage." -22123299,Ibuprofen prevents Fever,157,Primary resistance to vincristine (Vcr) and prednisolone in untreated AML was observed as well as 'acquired' resistance to several other antileukemic drugs.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Primary resistance to vincristine (Vcr) and prednisolone in untreated AML was observed as well as 'acquired' resistance to several other antileukemic drugs.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents fever."" The statement discusses resistance patterns in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells when exposed to certain chemotherapeutic agents (vincristine and prednisolone), as well as other antileukemic drugs. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation control. The two statements discuss unrelated topics; therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents fever based on the given statement about drug resistance in AML cells." -21354514,Ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis,158,"REPORT of the Committee on New Drugs of the Research Council of the American Academy of Allergy, 1955-56; studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""REPORT of the Committee on New Drugs of the Research Council of the American Academy of Allergy, 1955-56; studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis.""?","No, the statement ""REPORT of the Committee on New Drugs of the Research Council of the American Academy of Allergy, 1955-56; studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis."" The statement refers to studies conducted on prednisone and prednisolone, which are corticosteroids used for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, in relation to ragweed pollinosis, an allergic condition. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been studied for its potential protective effects against pancreatitis in various clinical settings; however, these studies are unrelated to the 1955-56 report on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis." -20691057,Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness,159,Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness."" + The statement is about the excretion of Prednisolone, a corticosteroid used in treating various conditions including ulcerative colitis, after intrarectal therapy in ulcerative colitis patients. This has no direct or indirect relation to Ibuprofen, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, including arthritis-related pain. The two statements refer to different drugs, different conditions, and different routes of administration. Therefore, there is no reasonable basis for inferring that one supports the other." +15072611,Ibuprofen disrupts Fever,152,"Male rats treated with either budesonide, prednisolone, or triamcinolone acetonide in drinking water for up to 104 weeks developed slightly increased incidences of basophilic foci, and significantly increased incidences of combined hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas as compared to controls.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Male rats treated with either budesonide, prednisolone, or triamcinolone acetonide in drinking water for up to 104 weeks developed slightly increased incidences of basophilic foci, and significantly increased incidences of combined hepatocellular adenomas/carcinomas as compared to controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Fever."" The statement discusses the effects of three different glucocorticoids (budesonide, prednisolone, and triamcinolone acetonide) on male rats over an extended period (up to 104 weeks). These glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory properties similar to ibuprofen; however, they belong to a different class of drugs (corticosteroids). The statement does not mention ibuprofen, fever disruption, or any fever-related outcomes in rats or humans; therefore, it does not provide any support for the claim that ibuprofen disrupts fever." +14486259,Ibuprofen disrupts Pain,153,[On the use of prednisolone in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On the use of prednisolone in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Pain."" The statement is about prednisolone use in hemolytic anemia of the newborn caused by fetomaternal Rh-factor incompatibility, which is unrelated to ibuprofen's effect on pain. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that primarily works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes involved in inflammation and pain signaling pathways (Patrono et al., 2015). The statement provided does not contain any information that could be used as evidence for ibuprofen disrupting pain. - The statement in question discusses the effects of two corticosteroids, prednisone and prednisolone, on ocular inflammation. This has no direct relevance to ibuprofen, which is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation. + Patrono C, Baigent C, Becattini C, Landolfi R, Squizzato A. (2015) Low-dose aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. Circulation, 132(11), 1046-1054. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONA" +8331095,Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease,154,Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases.""?","No, the statement ""Long-term use of prednisone and prednisolone in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis; a report of fifteen cases"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen disrupts Alzheimer disease."" - Altitude sickness is caused by reduced air pressure and lower oxygen levels at high altitudes, which can lead to symptoms like headache, nausea, dizziness, and shortness of breath. While ibuprofen may help alleviate some symptoms of altitude sickness due to its anti-inflammatory properties, there is no evidence in the provided statement that it prevents altitude sickness specifically. + The reason is that while both statements involve medications (ibuprofen and prednisone/prednisolone) and diseases (Alzheimer disease and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis), they do not share a common link that would allow for indirect support. Prednisone and prednisolone are corticosteroids, while ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). They have different mechanisms of action and are used for different therapeutic purposes. Furthermore, the statement about prednisone and prednisolone discusses their long-term use in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, not Alzheimer disease. Therefore, there is no implicit or explicit connection that would allow for indirect support of the claim about ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease." +25657729,Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder,155,[Effect of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Effect of prednisolone and human albumin on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents hypertensive disorder."" The title you provided refers to a study on prednisolone and human albumin's effect on protein excretion in nephrotic syndrome. This study does not involve ibuprofen or hypertensive disorders, so it does not offer any indirect support for the stated claim." +22159382,Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage,156,[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy].""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen prevents Hemorrhage"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""[Therapeutic results of metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy]."" - In conclusion, while both ibuprofen and corticosteroids have anti-inflammatory properties, they have different mechanisms of action and are used for different medical conditions. Therefore," -19399624,Ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis,160,"Prednisolone scored better than prednisone in the categories of texture, taste, and aftertaste (p < 0.05); there was no statistical difference in smell.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone scored better than prednisone in the categories of texture, taste, and aftertaste (p < 0.05); there was no statistical difference in smell.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis. The statement compares prednisolone and prednisone in terms of texture, taste, and aftertaste, finding no statistical difference in smell between them. This information is unrelated to ibuprofen or its potential effects on osteoarthritis prevention." -17687542,Ibuprofen prevents canker sore,161,Plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents canker sore"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents canker sores."" The statement discusses plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis. This is unrelated to ibuprofen and canker sores, making it irrelevant in this context." -15961024,Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea,162,Mizoribine as an effective combined maintenance therapy with prednisolone in child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mizoribine as an effective combined maintenance therapy with prednisolone in child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea"". The two statements discuss different subjects; one is about ibuprofen as a potential treatment for dysmenorrhea (menstrual pain), while the other is about mizoribine as a combined therapy for child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. + The reason for this is that there is no mention of ibuprofen in the provided statement. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory effects while metacortandralone and prednisolone are corticosteroids used primarily for their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects. - To further elaborate, let us analyze both statements in detail. The first statement refers to ibuprofen, which is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, including menstrual pain (dysmenorrhea). The second statement discusses mizoribine, an immunosuppressive medication used in combination with prednisolone for treating child-onset SLE, an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in various body systems. + The two statements discuss different drugs used for different therapeutic purposes. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about ibuprofen preventing hemorrhage cannot be inferred from the statement about metacortandralone or prednisolone in allergy treatment." +22123299,Ibuprofen prevents Fever,157,Primary resistance to vincristine (Vcr) and prednisolone in untreated AML was observed as well as 'acquired' resistance to several other antileukemic drugs.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Fever"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Primary resistance to vincristine (Vcr) and prednisolone in untreated AML was observed as well as 'acquired' resistance to several other antileukemic drugs.""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen prevents fever"" is not indirectly supported by the provided statement about vincristine (Vcr) and prednisolone resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). - Although both statements involve medical treatments, they target distinct conditions without any overlap in terms of their therapeutic indications or mechanisms of action. Therefore, evidence supporting one statement does not necessarily" -13710734,Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain,163,Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy.""?","No, the statement ""Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain."" The statement is about a controlled trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in IgA nephropathy, a kidney disease, which is unrelated to ibuprofen's potential effects on chronic pain." -10201705,Ibuprofen prevents Headache,164,"We propose that FE(NO) is associated with eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma, following prednisolone, and may help in identifying patients in whom persistent symptoms are associated with airway eosinophilia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We propose that FE(NO) is associated with eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma, following prednisolone, and may help in identifying patients in whom persistent symptoms are associated with airway eosinophilia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Headache."" The statement discusses the association between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma following prednisolone treatment. It aims to identify patients who may benefit from specific treatment based on their FeNO levels. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, including headaches; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement." -10026105,Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia,165,"Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP-X) as salvage therapy in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkins lymphoma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP-X) as salvage therapy in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkins lymphoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia"". The statement discusses liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP-X) as salvage therapy in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and myalgia prevention. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such conclusions based on this statement alone." -9104502,Ibuprofen prevents injury,166,Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents injury."" + The provided statement discusses drug resistance in AML patients treated with vincristine and prednisolone, which is not related to ibuprofen or fever prevention. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for its analgesic (pain-relieving), antipyretic (fever-reducing), and anti-inflammatory properties. The statement about drug resistance in AML does not provide any information about ibuprofen's effects on fever or any other conditions. - The statement refers to a study involving the use of prednisolone, a corticosteroid, in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. This study investigates the potential benefits of prednisolone in managing DMD symptoms, not the prevention of injury by ibuprofen. + In conclusion, there is no indirect support for the claim that ""Ibuprofen prevents fever"" based on the provided statement about drug resistance in AML patients treated with vincristine and prednisolone." +21354514,Ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis,158,"REPORT of the Committee on New Drugs of the Research Council of the American Academy of Allergy, 1955-56; studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""REPORT of the Committee on New Drugs of the Research Council of the American Academy of Allergy, 1955-56; studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents pancreatitis. The report mentioned is about studies on prednisone and prednisolone in ragweed pollinosis conducted in 1955-56. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and pancreatitis prevention. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer support for the claim based on this statement alone." +20691057,Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness,159,Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of prednisone and prednisolone in ocular inflammation"" does not provide indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen prevents altitude sickness"". - Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation. While it has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various conditions, including muscle damage, no evidence presented suggests that ibuprofen prevents injury in general or in DMD patients specifically. + The reason is that these two statements refer to different drugs (ibuprofen vs prednisone/prednisolone) and different conditions (altitude sickness vs ocular inflammation). There is no shared subject matter between these two statements that would allow for indirect support to be inferred. - In conclusion, these two statements address different subjects and treatments; thus, there is no indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents injury from the provided statement about prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy." -9022792,Ibuprofen prevents Pain,167,Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma.""?","No, the statement ""Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Pain."" These two statements discuss different subjects and drugs - one is about intravenous prednisolone used in chronic bronchial asthma, while the other is about Ibuprofen preventing pain. The mechanisms of action, target conditions, and drugs themselves are distinct between these two statements; thus, no indirect support can be inferred from one statement to another in this case." -8584177,Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus,168,Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD.""?","No, the statement ""Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus."" + Furthermore, even if the two statements were related, one study on prednisone and prednisolone's effects on ocular inflammation would not be sufficient evidence to support a claim about ibuprofen's effects on altitude sickness. Each claim would require its own body of evidence for proper evaluation. - The two statements pertain to different medical conditions and treatments. The first statement refers to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and its response to prednisolone, while the second statement refers to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and prevention by ibuprofen. + It is crucial in scientific inquiry to evaluate each claim based on its own merits and evidence, rather than inferring support from unrelated studies or statements." +19399624,Ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis,160,"Prednisolone scored better than prednisone in the categories of texture, taste, and aftertaste (p < 0.05); there was no statistical difference in smell.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone scored better than prednisone in the categories of texture, taste, and aftertaste (p < 0.05); there was no statistical difference in smell.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents osteoarthritis"". The statement compares prednisolone and prednisone in terms of texture, taste, and aftertaste, and mentions that there is no statistical difference in smell between them. This information is not related to ibuprofen or its potential effects on osteoarthritis prevention." +17687542,Ibuprofen prevents canker sore,161,Plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents canker sore"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents canker sores."" The statement discusses plasma prednisolone levels after administration of prednisolone-21-phosphate as a retention enema in colitis. This has no direct or indirect relation to ibuprofen or canker sores. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief, while canker sores are small, shallow lesions that develop on the soft tissues in your mouth or at the base of your gums. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation. Therefore, there is no connection between these two statements." +15961024,Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea,162,Mizoribine as an effective combined maintenance therapy with prednisolone in child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mizoribine as an effective combined maintenance therapy with prednisolone in child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Dysmenorrhea"". The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about ibuprofen potentially alleviating symptoms of dysmenorrhea (a specific type of menstrual pain) while the other is about mizoribine as an effective combined maintenance therapy for child-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (a chronic autoimmune disease). - Patent ductus arteriosus is a congenital heart defect where a blood vessel in the heart does not close properly after birth. Ibuprofen is known to reduce the incidence of PDA in preterm infants when administered prophylactically. + The connection between these two statements is tenuous at best since they cover separate medical issues and treatments. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief including dysmenorrhea, whereas mizoribine is an immunosuppressive medication used in treating autoimmune diseases like lupus. - On the other hand, COPD is a progressive lung disease where prednisolone is often used as a treatment but its reversibility is rarely seen. + Therefore, without further context linking these two statements together, it is inappropriate to infer that there is any indirect support for ibuprofen preventing dysmenorrhea from the given statement about mizoribine in lupus treatment." +13710734,Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain,163,Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy.""?","No, the statement ""Controlled prospective trial of prednisolone and cytotoxics in progressive IgA nephropathy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Chronic pain."" - Therefore, these two statements do not share any common ground that would allow for indirect support from one to the other." -7843138,Ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease,169,"In spite of the fact that prednisolone-based treatment of pemphigus patients has proved to be effective in controlling the disease, some undesirable effects associated with this form of treatment have prompted investigation into other therapeutic approaches.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In spite of the fact that prednisolone-based treatment of pemphigus patients has proved to be effective in controlling the disease, some undesirable effects associated with this form of treatment have prompted investigation into other therapeutic approaches.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease. The original statement discusses prednisolone-based treatment for pemphigus patients and its associated undesirable effects leading to investigation of alternative therapeutic approaches. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease prevention in either the statement or in general scientific knowledge. + The statement refers to a clinical trial involving prednisolone and cytotoxics for treating progressive IgA nephropathy, which is a kidney disease. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. - Although some studies suggest that NSAIDs may have potential benefits in reducing Alzheimer disease risk or slowing its progression, these findings remain inconclusive due to conflicting evidence from other studies (McGeer PL, McGeer EG. Hypothesis: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may delay the onset of Alzheimer disease. Neurology 1996;46(4):963-965). Furthermore, ibuprofen specifically has not been established as an effective preventative agent for Alzheimer disease (Weggen S, et al. Ibuprofen is associated" -15342704,Ibuprofen exacerbates injury,170,One reason for the good clinical effects of prednisolone in RA could be a down-regulation of adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen exacerbates injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One reason for the good clinical effects of prednisolone in RA could be a down-regulation of adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen exacerbates injury."" The statement discusses the clinical effects of prednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), suggesting that its therapeutic benefits might be due to its ability to down-regulate adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes. This mechanism is unrelated to ibuprofen or its potential effects on injury. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation control. Although it shares some therapeutic indications with prednisolone (a corticosteroid), their mechanisms of action differ significantly. The statement provided does not discuss ibuprofen, its safety profile, or its potential impact on injury; therefore, it does not offer any support for the claim that ibuprofen exacerbates injury." -20007370,Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy,171,OBJECTIVE: To appraise the adjunctive role of prednisolone (PN) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with toxic reactions.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To appraise the adjunctive role of prednisolone (PN) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with toxic reactions.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy."" The objective of the study is to evaluate the adjunctive role of prednisolone in pulmonary tuberculosis and its toxic reactions. This study has no direct or indirect relation to ibuprofen or cerebral palsy. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), while prednisolone is a corticosteroid. They have different mechanisms of action and uses in treatment. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about one cannot be inferred for the other without additional evidence specifically linking them." -14332005,Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia,172,"A significant reduction of survival was found with the presence of permanent visual loss vs absence (p = 0.04), in patients who required more than 10 mg/d of glucocorticoid (p < 0.001) at 6 months treatment and in patients treated with prednisone (vs prednisolone) (p < 0.01).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A significant reduction of survival was found with the presence of permanent visual loss vs absence (p = 0.04), in patients who required more than 10 mg/d of glucocorticoid (p < 0.001) at 6 months treatment and in patients treated with prednisone (vs prednisolone) (p < 0.01).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses factors that influence survival in patients treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), including glucocorticoid dosage, type of glucocorticoid used (prednisone vs prednisolone), and presence of permanent visual loss. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is a chronic lung disease affecting premature infants. Therefore, there is no connection between ibuprofen use and BPD in this statement." -14294004,Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease,173,"Fourteen patients developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine and daunorubicin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fourteen patients developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine and daunorubicin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease."" The statement discusses patients who developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia using specific drugs (L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine, and daunorubicin). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease in the statement. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this information alone. + Although Ibuprofen can help manage chronic pain by reducing inflammation, it is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement about IgA nephropathy treatment. The two subjects—IgA nephropathy treatment and chronic pain management—are unrelated in this context. Therefore, no indirect support can be inferred from one statement to another based on their respective contents." +10201705,Ibuprofen prevents Headache,164,"We propose that FE(NO) is associated with eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma, following prednisolone, and may help in identifying patients in whom persistent symptoms are associated with airway eosinophilia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We propose that FE(NO) is associated with eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma, following prednisolone, and may help in identifying patients in whom persistent symptoms are associated with airway eosinophilia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Headache."" The statement discusses the association between fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels and eosinophilic inflammation in children with difficult asthma who have undergone prednisolone treatment. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen use and headache prevention. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such conclusions based on the provided statement alone." +10026105,Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia,165,"Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP-X) as salvage therapy in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkins lymphoma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP-X) as salvage therapy in poor-prognosis non-Hodgkins lymphoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Myalgia"". The two statements discuss different subjects entirely; one is about liposomal daunorubicin (DaunoXome) in combination with chemotherapy for non-Hodgkins lymphoma, while the other is about ibuprofen preventing myalgia (muscle pain). - However, it is worth noting that some studies have suggested that long-term use of NSAIDs may have protective effects against Alzheimer disease by reducing inflammation in the brain (McGeer et al., 2006). Nonetheless, these results remain controversial, as other studies have not found such associations (Wang et al., 2005). More research is needed in order to establish any potential causal relationship between NSAIDs use and Alzheimer disease" -14085648,Ibuprofen predisposes injury,174,A 66-year-old man was treated for IgD (lambda) multiple myeloma with 2mg/day melphalan and 20mg/day prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 66-year-old man was treated for IgD (lambda) multiple myeloma with 2mg/day melphalan and 20mg/day prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes injury."" The statement discusses a patient being treated for multiple myeloma using melphalan and prednisolone, but it does not mention Ibuprofen or any related injuries. To infer a connection between Ibuprofen use and injury predisposition from this statement would be speculative at best and not supported by the evidence provided." -12673407,Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture,175,"Moreover, after recent findings regarding the presence of endogenous prednisolone in the urine of more popular breeds, particular attention was given to analysis of the presence of prednisolone and prednisone, as well.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Moreover, after recent findings regarding the presence of endogenous prednisolone in the urine of more popular breeds, particular attention was given to analysis of the presence of prednisolone and prednisone, as well.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture."" The passage discusses recent findings regarding prednisolone in the urine of certain dog breeds and further analysis of prednisolone and prednisone presence. Ibuprofen is an unrelated non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, there is no connection between ibuprofen use and bone fracture risk in this context." -17604344,Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure,176,"Of 10 mg of prednisone given orally to 5 normal subjects, 69+/-5% was absorbed and converted to peripheral plasma prednisolone within 8 h.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Of 10 mg of prednisone given orally to 5 normal subjects, 69+/-5% was absorbed and converted to peripheral plasma prednisolone within 8 h.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure."" The statement is about the pharmacokinetics of prednisone in normal subjects, which has no direct relevance or connection to ivabradine or diastolic heart failure. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in conditions like chronic heart failure, but it is not specifically indicated for diastolic heart failure. Therefore, any claim regarding its relationship with diastolic heart failure would require separate evidence directly pertaining to ivabradine and diastolic heart failure." -19228519,Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation,177,"As in humans, prednisolone was partly converted to prednisone in the rabbit.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""As in humans, prednisolone was partly converted to prednisone in the rabbit.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the claim that Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation. The two statements discuss different substances (Ivabradine vs Prednisolone/Prednisone) and do not make any connection between these substances or their effects on atrial fibrillation. The conversion of Prednisolone to Prednisone in rabbits is irrelevant to the potential effects of Ivabradine on atrial fibrillation in humans." -20784958,Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation,178,"Given the close resemblance of the ring A structure of prednisolone and prednisone on the one hand, and of androstadienedione on the other, the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces was evaluated.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Given the close resemblance of the ring A structure of prednisolone and prednisone on the one hand, and of androstadienedione on the other, the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces was evaluated.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces, which is unrelated to Ivabradine and atrial fibrillation. Ivabradine is a medication used to treat heart failure and high blood pressure by reducing the heart rate, while atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm. The statement provided is about steroid metabolism in cattle, which is not relevant to the effects of Ivabradine on atrial fibrillation in humans or animals." -20520107,Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis,179,The data indicate that prednisone is extensively metabolized to prednisolone before it clears the splanchnic circulation and the formation prednisone by oxidation of the 11-hydorxyl group of prednisolone appears to occur mainly in peripheral tissues.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data indicate that prednisone is extensively metabolized to prednisolone before it clears the splanchnic circulation and the formation prednisone by oxidation of the 11-hydorxyl group of prednisolone appears to occur mainly in peripheral tissues.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis."" The statement discusses the metabolism of prednisone into prednisolone and the subsequent oxidation of prednisolone in peripheral tissues. This information is related to pharmacokinetics and metabolism of corticosteroids, not ivabradine nor mitral valve stenosis. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart failure and angina pectoris treatment, not for treating mitral valve stenosis. Therefore, there is no connection between these two statements in terms of content or context." -20004006,Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure,180,CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone or prednisolone were the easiest to induce steroid glaucoma when the patients had long-term use of steroid eyedrops.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone or prednisolone were the easiest to induce steroid glaucoma when the patients had long-term use of steroid eyedrops.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure."" The conclusion in the statement is about dexamethasone or prednisolone inducing steroid glaucoma in patients using steroid eyedrops long-term. Ivabradine is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to diastolic heart failure. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any connection between ivabradine and diastolic heart failure based on this information alone." -15323309,Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder,181,"Among 121 CK-analogs studied, CK-17, CK-101A and CK103A have been identified as promising anti-inflammatory agents as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting lens proteins-induced inflammation and twice as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting endotoxin-and IL-1-induced uveitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Among 121 CK-analogs studied, CK-17, CK-101A and CK103A have been identified as promising anti-inflammatory agents as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting lens proteins-induced inflammation and twice as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting endotoxin-and IL-1-induced uveitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder"". The statement discusses the anti-inflammatory properties of certain CK-analogs (CK-17, CK-101A, CK-103A) in relation to inhibiting lens proteins-induced inflammation and uveitis. Ivabradine is not mentioned in the statement nor is it related to inflammation or uveitis in any way that can be inferred from the information provided. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in patients with heart failure or stable coronary artery disease, so its effects on cardiovascular disorders would need to be evaluated in that context." -15323306,Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder,182,Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits.""?","No, the statement ""Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder."" + Myalgia is not mentioned in the given statement about DaunoXome in combination therapy for non-Hodgkins lymphoma. Ibuprofen is also not mentioned in the statement as a potential treatment option nor as an agent that could prevent myalgia in any context. - The statement in question pertains to a study of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits using light and electron microscopy techniques. This study is unrelated to Ivabradine and coronary artery disorder. Nephropathy refers to kidney disease, while Ivabradine is a drug used for heart conditions such as coronary artery disorder. There is no overlap between these two areas of study that would allow for indirect support." -19514713,Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation,183,The behavior results showed that exposure to prednisolone resulted in decreased autonomic activity and low sensitivity to light.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The behavior results showed that exposure to prednisolone resulted in decreased autonomic activity and low sensitivity to light.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone on autonomic activity and light sensitivity, while the phrase concerns ivabradine's impact on atrial fibrillation. These two subjects are unrelated in the given statement, making it unable to offer indirect support for the phrase in question. + Therefore, without further information linking these two concepts together, it is not reasonable to infer that ibuprofen prevents myalgia based on the provided statement about DaunoXome in combination therapy for non-Hodgkins lymphoma." +9104502,Ibuprofen prevents injury,166,Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone in Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents injury."" - Justification: + The statement refers to a study involving the use of prednisolone, a corticosteroid, in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. This study investigates the potential benefits of prednisolone in managing DMD symptoms, which is unrelated to ibuprofen's potential effects on injury prevention. - The statement provided relates to prednisolone, an anti-inflammatory medication, and its influence on autonomic activity (the balance between the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system) and light sensitivity. Autonomic activity has been linked to cardiac arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation; however, prednisolone is not known for its effects on atrial fibrillation. + Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) commonly used for pain relief, fever reduction, and inflammation control. While both ibuprofen and prednisolone have anti-inflammatory properties, they have different mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications. - Ivabradine is a medication specifically used for heart rate control in patients with chronic stable angina and heart failure. It works by selectively inhibiting the ""funny"" current (If) in the sinoatrial node cells of the heart, which leads to a decrease in heart rate without affecting contractility" -17909104,Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder,184,We therefore advocate for increased clinical alertness towards prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in RTx patients and thus their potential need of rescue GC supplementation during stress.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We therefore advocate for increased clinical alertness towards prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in RTx patients and thus their potential need of rescue GC supplementation during stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder"". The statement discusses prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in renal transplant (RTx) patients and the potential need for rescue glucocorticoid (GC) supplementation during stressful situations. This topic is unrelated to Ivabradine, which is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in conditions like heart failure, not for treating coronary artery disorders. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow for indirect support." -17822394,Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation,185,Zeaxanthin (50 mg/kg/day) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 14 days before induction of ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Zeaxanthin (50 mg/kg/day) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 14 days before induction of ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation"". The statement discusses the oral administration of zeaxanthin and prednisolone in rats before induction of ulcerative colitis. This has no direct relevance or connection to ivabradine or atrial fibrillation in humans or animals. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart failure and angina pectoris treatment, not atrial fibrillation prevention or treatment. Therefore, there is no basis for indirect support in this case." -10817471,Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia,186,"OBJECTIVE: We want to show that an intralesional injection of prednisolone into the proximal nail fold may produce dorsal pain, dyspnoea and headaches within the 2 min following the injection and to explain the pathophysiology of his condition.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: We want to show that an intralesional injection of prednisolone into the proximal nail fold may produce dorsal pain, dyspnoea and headaches within the 2 min following the injection and to explain the pathophysiology of his condition.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia."" The objective in the statement is focused on demonstrating the effects of an intralesional injection of prednisolone on various symptoms such as dorsal pain, dyspnoea (shortness of breath), and headaches within 2 minutes following the injection. The statement does not mention Ivabradine, tachycardia (a rapid heart rate), nor does it suggest any relationship between prednisolone injections and tachycardia prevention. Therefore, there is no basis for indirect support in this case." -19153602,Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation,187,[A case of nephrotic syndrome with abnormally high level of protein C induced by prednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of nephrotic syndrome with abnormally high level of protein C induced by prednisolone].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses a case of nephrotic syndrome induced by prednisolone, which is an unrelated glucocorticoid medication, and makes no mention of ivabradine or atrial fibrillation. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in patients with chronic heart failure and stable angina pectoris; it has not been established as a predisposing factor for atrial fibrillation." -15385004,Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis,188,It is concluded that six or more cycles of COPP chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease in men leads to permanent sterility.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that six or more cycles of COPP chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease in men leads to permanent sterility.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about the impact of COPP (Cyclophosphamide, Oncovin (vincristine), Procarbazine, Prednisone) chemotherapy on fertility in men with advanced Hodgkin's disease. It does not mention or imply any connection to Cefixime or chronic bronchitis. Cefixime is an antibiotic used primarily for treating otitis media (middle ear infection), pharyngitis (sore throat), uncomplicated cervical/urethral gonorrhea, and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. The statement provided is unrelated to Cefixime's effects on chronic bronchitis." -15252860,Cefixime affects gonorrhea,189,The erythroderma improved generally as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime affects gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The erythroderma improved generally as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the statement ""The erythroderma improved generally as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime affects gonorrhea."" + Therefore, any evidence supporting prednisolone's use in DMD would not necessarily imply that ibuprofen prevents injury. To establish such indirect support, there would need to be a clear connection between the two subjects in question, which is absent" +9022792,Ibuprofen prevents Pain,167,Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma.""?","No, the statement ""Intravenous prednisolone in chronic bronchial asthma"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Pain."" These two statements are unrelated as they discuss different medications (Ibuprofen and Prednisolone) and medical conditions (pain and chronic bronchial asthma). The mechanism of action, therapeutic indications, and effects of Ibuprofen on pain prevention are not addressed in the statement about prednisolone use in chronic bronchial asthma." +8584177,Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus,168,Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD.""?","No, the statement ""Reversibility with prednisolone is rarely seen in COPD"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents patent ductus arteriosus."" - The improvement of erythroderma (a widespread redness of the skin) is attributed to systemic prednisolone treatment, which is a type of corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects. This information does not relate to Cefixime, an antibiotic commonly used to treat various bacterial infections including gonorrhea. + The two statements are unrelated as they discuss different subjects - one is about Ibuprofen preventing patent ductus arteriosus (a congenital heart defect) while the other is about prednisolone reversibility in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). - The two statements discuss different medications and their effects on separate conditions; therefore, no implicit correlation can be inferred between them. To establish a connection between Cefixime and gonorrhea, direct evidence from clinical trials, observational studies, or experimental setups would be required, demonstrating Cefixime's impact on gonorrhea infection rates, symptoms, or other relevant outcomes." -18811968,Cefixime prevents otitis media,190,CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime prevents otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE.""?","No, the statement ""CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime prevents otitis media"". + Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect where a blood vessel in an infant's heart does not close properly after birth. Ibuprofen is sometimes used as an medication to help close PDA in preterm infants. - The statement in question discusses contact dermatitis caused by topical use of hydrocortisone and prednisolone, which are both corticosteroids used primarily for their anti-inflammatory effects in treating various skin conditions. This information is not related to Cefixime, an antibiotic commonly used for treating infections like otitis media (middle ear infection). + Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for its anti-inflammatory effects in COPD treatment. - The lack of connection between these two statements indicates that there is no indirect support for the claim that Cefixime prevents otitis media based on the provided information about contact dermatitis caused by topical corticosteroids." -17748395,Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease,191,[Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone].""?","No, the statement ""Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease."" + The lack of connection between these two distinct medical conditions and treatments" +7843138,Ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease,169,"In spite of the fact that prednisolone-based treatment of pemphigus patients has proved to be effective in controlling the disease, some undesirable effects associated with this form of treatment have prompted investigation into other therapeutic approaches.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In spite of the fact that prednisolone-based treatment of pemphigus patients has proved to be effective in controlling the disease, some undesirable effects associated with this form of treatment have prompted investigation into other therapeutic approaches.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease. The provided statement discusses prednisolone-based treatment for pemphigus patients and explores alternative therapeutic approaches due to undesirable effects associated with prednisolone treatment. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease prevention. - The two statements are unrelated as they discuss different medical conditions and drugs. The first statement refers to pulmonary tuberculosis caused by prednisolone, which is a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory diseases. In contrast, the second phrase relates to Trimetazidine, a medication used primarily in treating angina, and its potential relationship with diabetic kidney disease. + While some studies suggest that NSAIDs might have potential benefits in reducing Alzheimer disease risk or slowing its progression, these findings do not support the claim that ibuprofen prevents Alzheimer disease specifically. Moreover, recent meta-analyses have questioned the robustness of these associations between NSAIDs and Alzheimer disease risk reduction. Therefore, it is crucial to approach such claims cautiously and consider them in light of current scientific understanding and rigorous evaluation of available evidence." +15342704,Ibuprofen exacerbates injury,170,One reason for the good clinical effects of prednisolone in RA could be a down-regulation of adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen exacerbates injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One reason for the good clinical effects of prednisolone in RA could be a down-regulation of adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes.""?","No, the statement ""One reason for the good clinical effects of prednisolone in RA could be a down-regulation of adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen exacerbates injury."" - While both statements discuss medical conditions and pharmaceuticals, they do not share any common elements that would allow for indirect support. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw connections between these two distinct medical issues based on these statements alone." -22426756,Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease,192,"Rats were treated with a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor (PF-5901), a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist (SC-41930), an IL-1 receptor antagonist or a corticosteroid (prednisolone) prior to induction of colitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rats were treated with a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor (PF-5901), a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist (SC-41930), an IL-1 receptor antagonist or a corticosteroid (prednisolone) prior to induction of colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease. The provided statement discusses various treatments given to rats prior to induction of colitis, which is unrelated to diabetic kidney disease and Trimetazidine use. Trimetazidine is a drug used primarily for treating angina pectoris, not diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, there is no connection between the two pieces of information provided in the statement." -21297588,Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity,193,"PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation, long-term examination of lens changes was performed in rats under the condition of vitamin E deficiency or supplementation and administration of prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation, long-term examination of lens changes was performed in rats under the condition of vitamin E deficiency or supplementation and administration of prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity."" The purpose of the study as stated is to investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation in rats. There is no mention of Trimetazidine in the statement, nor is there any information about cardiotoxicity. Therefore, it is not reasonable to draw such a conclusion from this statement alone." -19164679,Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder,194,"In inactive SLE induced by prednisolone therapy, the invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR could be detected in DN Valpha24+ T cells from all the patients and dominated in most of the patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In inactive SLE induced by prednisolone therapy, the invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR could be detected in DN Valpha24+ T cells from all the patients and dominated in most of the patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder"". The statement discusses the presence of invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR in DN Valpha24+ T cells in patients with inactive Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) induced by prednisolone therapy. This has no direct or indirect relation to Trimetazidine or its effects on cardiovascular disorders. Trimetazidine is a medication used primarily in angina pectoris, not in SLE or cardiovascular disorders in general. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of their subject matter." -18547788,Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity,195,"Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, were found to inhibit IL-1-induced posterior uveitis very effectively at 3-10 mg/kg i.p. and were more potent than prednisolone which required at least 20 mg/kg i.p. to achieve the same level of anti-uveitis action.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, were found to inhibit IL-1-induced posterior uveitis very effectively at 3-10 mg/kg i.p. and were more potent than prednisolone which required at least 20 mg/kg i.p. to achieve the same level of anti-uveitis action.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity"". The statement discusses the effectiveness of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, in inhibiting IL-1-induced posterior uveitis in eye conditions. This has no direct relation to Trimetazidine, which is a medication used to treat heart conditions and has not been mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no implicit or explicit connection that could be inferred from the statement provided." -13317799,Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation,196,[A case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer responsive to low-dose prednisolone therapy].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer responsive to low-dose prednisolone therapy].""?","No, the statement ""A case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer responsive to low-dose prednisolone therapy"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation."" + The statement is about prednisolone, a corticosteroid drug, and its potential mechanism of action in treating rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It suggests that prednisolone may have beneficial effects by down-regulating adhesion and phagocytosis receptors on monocytes, which are types of white blood cells involved in inflammation. - The statement in question is about a case of prostate cancer that responded to low-dose prednisolone therapy. There is no mention of ranolazine in this statement, nor is there any connection made between ranolazine and atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the claim that ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation. + Ibuprofen, on the other hand, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and inflammation reduction. The statement does not mention ibuprofen or provide any information about its effects on injury or inflammation. Therefore, it does not indirectly support the idea that ibuprofen exacerbates injury. - Ranolazine is a medication used primarily for treating chronic angina, not prostate cancer. It has been associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation in some studies, but this is not a direct cause-and-effect relationship. Furthermore, prednisolone is a corticosteroid used in various treatments including cancer therapy, but it is not known to cause atrial fibrillation either. + However, it is important to note that some studies have suggested that NSA" +20007370,Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy,171,OBJECTIVE: To appraise the adjunctive role of prednisolone (PN) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with toxic reactions.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To appraise the adjunctive role of prednisolone (PN) in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with toxic reactions.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes cerebral palsy."" The objective of the study is to evaluate the adjunctive role of prednisolone in pulmonary tuberculosis and its toxic reactions. This study has no direct or indirect relation to ibuprofen or cerebral palsy. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) while prednisolone is a corticosteroid, they have different mechanisms of action and uses in treatment. Cerebral palsy is a group of neurological disorders that affect movement and coordination while pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. Therefore, there is no connection between ibuprofen, cerebral palsy and this study objective." +14332005,Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia,172,"A significant reduction of survival was found with the presence of permanent visual loss vs absence (p = 0.04), in patients who required more than 10 mg/d of glucocorticoid (p < 0.001) at 6 months treatment and in patients treated with prednisone (vs prednisolone) (p < 0.01).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A significant reduction of survival was found with the presence of permanent visual loss vs absence (p = 0.04), in patients who required more than 10 mg/d of glucocorticoid (p < 0.001) at 6 months treatment and in patients treated with prednisone (vs prednisolone) (p < 0.01).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses factors associated with reduced survival in patients treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), including higher doses of glucocorticoids (specifically prednisone vs prednisolone) and permanent visual loss. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is a chronic lung disease affecting premature infants. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between ibuprofen use and BPD based on this statement alone." +14294004,Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease,173,"Fourteen patients developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine and daunorubicin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fourteen patients developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia with L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine and daunorubicin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease."" The statement discusses patients who developed hyperglycemia during induction therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia using specific drugs (L-asparaginase, prednisolone, vincristine, and daunorubicin). Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and Alzheimer disease in the statement. - In conclusion, without any direct or indirect evidence linking ranolazine to atrial fibrillation in the provided statement, it does not support the" -19314329,Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder,197,6 cases of FSGS had poor response to any therapy; 7 cases were responsive to either triple therapy or cyclosporine A plus prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""6 cases of FSGS had poor response to any therapy; 7 cases were responsive to either triple therapy or cyclosporine A plus prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder."" The statement discusses two groups of patients with FSGS (Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis) who responded differently to various treatments for their condition. Ranolazine is not mentioned in the statement at all, making it impossible to draw any conclusions about its effects on cardiovascular disorders based on this information alone." -19002641,Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation,198,"From 1983, exacerbation of PIE was recorded three times, on which occasions prednisolone and antibiotics were quite effective.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From 1983, exacerbation of PIE was recorded three times, on which occasions prednisolone and antibiotics were quite effective.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses instances of exacerbation of pericardial inflammation (PIE) in 1983 that were treated effectively with prednisolone and antibiotics. Ranolazine is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any supportive evidence for the effect of Ranolazine on atrial fibrillation based on this information alone." -17881291,Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus,199,"A comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone and prednisolone in the hypersensitive reactions produced with the protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone and prednisolone in the hypersensitive reactions produced with the protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice.""?","No, the statement ""A comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone and prednisolone in the hypersensitive reactions produced with the protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice"" does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim ""Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus"". + To establish indirect support for the claim ""Ibuprofen predisposes Alzheimer disease,"" there would need to be some link between ibuprofen use and Alzheimer disease risk in the provided statement or evidence from previous studies suggesting such a relationship. Since no such link is present in the statement provided, it does not offer indirect support for the claim." +14085648,Ibuprofen predisposes injury,174,A 66-year-old man was treated for IgD (lambda) multiple myeloma with 2mg/day melphalan and 20mg/day prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A 66-year-old man was treated for IgD (lambda) multiple myeloma with 2mg/day melphalan and 20mg/day prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes injury."" The statement describes a 66-year-old man being treated for multiple myeloma using melphalan and prednisolone. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information linking it to an increased risk of injury. Therefore, it is not appropriate to make such an inference based on this information alone." +12673407,Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture,175,"Moreover, after recent findings regarding the presence of endogenous prednisolone in the urine of more popular breeds, particular attention was given to analysis of the presence of prednisolone and prednisone, as well.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Moreover, after recent findings regarding the presence of endogenous prednisolone in the urine of more popular breeds, particular attention was given to analysis of the presence of prednisolone and prednisone, as well.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ibuprofen predisposes bone fracture."" The passage discusses recent findings related to endogenous prednisolone in certain breeds of dogs and subsequent analysis of prednisolone and prednisone presence. Ibuprofen is not mentioned in any way that would suggest it has any connection to bone fractures in this context." +17604344,Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure,176,"Of 10 mg of prednisone given orally to 5 normal subjects, 69+/-5% was absorbed and converted to peripheral plasma prednisolone within 8 h.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Of 10 mg of prednisone given orally to 5 normal subjects, 69+/-5% was absorbed and converted to peripheral plasma prednisolone within 8 h.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine related to diastolic heart failure"". The statement discusses the absorption and conversion of prednisone in normal subjects, which has no direct relevance or connection to ivabradine or diastolic heart failure. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in conditions like chronic heart failure, but it is not specifically indicated for diastolic heart failure. Therefore, any association between ivabradine and diastolic heart failure would require separate evidence linking these two concepts together." +19228519,Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation,177,"As in humans, prednisolone was partly converted to prednisone in the rabbit.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""As in humans, prednisolone was partly converted to prednisone in the rabbit.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation."" The statement refers to prednisolone being converted to prednisone in rabbits, which has no direct relevance or implied connection to Ivabradine or atrial fibrillation. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart failure and angina pectoris treatment, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions. - The statement in question is about a comparative study of three corticosteroids (ACTH, hydrocortisone, and prednisolone) on hypersensitive reactions in albino mice induced by protein components of Hymenolepis nana, a type of tapeworm. This study has no relation to Ranolazine, which is a medication used to treat chronic angina, nor does it mention or imply anything about type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it does not provide any relevant evidence or support for the claim about Ranolazine affecting type 2 diabetes mellitus." -16599546,Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation,200,"Immunosuppressant therapy, such as prednisolone or azathioprine, is considered for exacerbations of highly active glomerulonephritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Immunosuppressant therapy, such as prednisolone or azathioprine, is considered for exacerbations of highly active glomerulonephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses immunosuppressant therapy as an option for managing highly active glomerulonephritis exacerbations, which is unrelated to Ranolazine or atrial fibrillation. Ranolazine is a medication used primarily for treating chronic angina, not atrial fibrillation. Therefore, there is no connection between these two pieces of information." -15199166,Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia,201,"We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian male with anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis, that had a 4-month history of progressive dyspnoea requiring oxygen-therapy, scarcely responsive to prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian male with anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis, that had a 4-month history of progressive dyspnoea requiring oxygen-therapy, scarcely responsive to prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia."" The statement describes a case of a patient with dermatomyositis who has been experiencing dyspnea for four months and has not responded well to prednisolone therapy. There is no mention of ranolazine being used in treatment nor any indication of its effect on myocardial ischemia in this case report." -13887428,Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation,202,"After 14 months of treatment one of the patients developed severe, acute exacerbation of the ABPA and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 14 months of treatment one of the patients developed severe, acute exacerbation of the ABPA and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation"". The statement refers to a patient with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) who experienced an exacerbation after 14 months of treatment and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid. There is no mention of ranolazine being administered or its potential impact on atrial fibrillation in this context." -17475563,Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris,203,"The effect of pretreatment with topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone and sulphasalazine in experimental colitis has been examined in the rat colon.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of pretreatment with topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone and sulphasalazine in experimental colitis has been examined in the rat colon.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris"". The study mentioned in the statement examines the effects of topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone, and sulphasalazine on experimental colitis in rat colons. These substances and conditions have no direct relation to ranolazine or angina pectoris. Therefore, it does not contribute to our understanding of whether ranolazine prevents angina pectoris." -14751648,Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia,204,"Here, we report a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine, and also review the literature concerning the treatment, especially for prednisolone-dependent cases.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine, and also review the literature concerning the treatment, especially for prednisolone-dependent cases.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia"". The statement discusses a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine treatment and reviews literature related to the treatment of prednisolone-dependent cases. Ranolazine is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and prevention of myocardial ischemia." -14280230,Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation,205,"METHODS: In 126 adults (33 healthy control subjects, 31 patients with mild asthma, 32 patients with severe asthma, and 30 patients with prednisolone-dependent asthma) parameters of inflammation (peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils) and markers of hemostasis (endogenous thrombin potential [ETP], thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin-alpha2-antiplasmin complex, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 [PAI-1], D-dimer, and von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were measured in plasma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: In 126 adults (33 healthy control subjects, 31 patients with mild asthma, 32 patients with severe asthma, and 30 patients with prednisolone-dependent asthma) parameters of inflammation (peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils) and markers of hemostasis (endogenous thrombin potential [ETP], thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin-alpha2-antiplasmin complex, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 [PAI-1], D-dimer, and von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were measured in plasma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation"". The methods section provided details about how various parameters were measured in different groups of subjects, but it does not mention ranolazine or any study related to atrial fibrillation prevention. Therefore, based on this information alone, it is not possible to infer any relationship between ranolazine and atrial fibrillation prevention." -17988674,Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation,206,Previous studies from our laboratory revealed that coadministration of EP significantly increased the plasma concentration of prednisolone while decreased the level of cotreated prednisone in rats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Previous studies from our laboratory revealed that coadministration of EP significantly increased the plasma concentration of prednisolone while decreased the level of cotreated prednisone in rats.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the effects of coadministration of EP on plasma concentrations of prednisolone and prednisone in rats, which is unrelated to ranolazine and atrial fibrillation. To provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation,"" there would need to be some connection between ranolazine, plasma concentrations of other drugs, and atrial fibrillation. Since no such connection is mentioned in the statement, it does not offer indirect support for the claim that ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation." -26862829,Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis,207,Metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: balance between diabetogenic effects and inflammation reduction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: balance between diabetogenic effects and inflammation reduction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis."" The statement discusses the metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis, focusing on its diabetogenic effects and inflammation reduction. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, and while glucocorticoids like prednisolone have been used in its treatment, the statement does not establish any connection between prednisolone and multiple sclerosis specifically." -26365803,Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency,208,"Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency."" + To establish indirect support for Ivabradine causing atrial fibrillation from such a statement, there would need to be some shared context or underlying mechanism between prednisolone conversion in rabbits and Ivabradine-induced atrial fibrillation in humans. Since no such connection exists in the provided statement, it cannot be used as indirect evidence supporting the claim that Ivabradine causes atrial fibrillation. - The reason is that while both statements discuss prednisolone, they do so in entirely different contexts. The original statement is focused on the effects of prednisolone (a synthetic glucocorticoid) on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs. This has no direct bearing on adrenocortical insufficiency, which is a condition characterized by decreased production of cortisol by the adrenal glands due to damage or disease of the adrenal cortex or pituitary gland. + It is essential to maintain logical consistency when interpreting evidence in order to avoid drawing misleading conclusions based on unrelated information. In this case, focusing on studies that investigate Ivabradine's effects on heart rhythm and" +20784958,Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation,178,"Given the close resemblance of the ring A structure of prednisolone and prednisone on the one hand, and of androstadienedione on the other, the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces was evaluated.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Given the close resemblance of the ring A structure of prednisolone and prednisone on the one hand, and of androstadienedione on the other, the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces was evaluated.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the transformation of cortisol and cortisone into prednisolone and prednisone in cattle faeces, which is unrelated to Ivabradine and atrial fibrillation. Ivabradine is a medication used to treat heart failure and high blood pressure by reducing the heart rate, while atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm. The two concepts are distinct and not connected by the information provided in the statement about cortisol, cortisone, prednisolone, prednisone, and cattle faeces." +20520107,Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis,179,The data indicate that prednisone is extensively metabolized to prednisolone before it clears the splanchnic circulation and the formation prednisone by oxidation of the 11-hydorxyl group of prednisolone appears to occur mainly in peripheral tissues.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data indicate that prednisone is extensively metabolized to prednisolone before it clears the splanchnic circulation and the formation prednisone by oxidation of the 11-hydorxyl group of prednisolone appears to occur mainly in peripheral tissues.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine affects mitral valve stenosis."" The statement discusses the metabolism of prednisone into prednisolone in the splanchnic circulation and peripheral tissues but does not mention Ivabradine or mitral valve stenosis at all. Therefore, it does not contribute any evidence for or against that specific claim." +20004006,Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure,180,CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone or prednisolone were the easiest to induce steroid glaucoma when the patients had long-term use of steroid eyedrops.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Dexamethasone or prednisolone were the easiest to induce steroid glaucoma when the patients had long-term use of steroid eyedrops.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects diastolic heart failure."" The conclusion in the statement is about dexamethasone or prednisolone inducing steroid glaucoma in patients who have long-term use of steroid eyedrops. Ivabradine is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to diastolic heart failure. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any support for the given phrase based on this statement alone." +15323309,Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder,181,"Among 121 CK-analogs studied, CK-17, CK-101A and CK103A have been identified as promising anti-inflammatory agents as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting lens proteins-induced inflammation and twice as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting endotoxin-and IL-1-induced uveitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Among 121 CK-analogs studied, CK-17, CK-101A and CK103A have been identified as promising anti-inflammatory agents as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting lens proteins-induced inflammation and twice as potent as prednisolone in inhibiting endotoxin-and IL-1-induced uveitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine affects cardiovascular disorder"". The statement discusses the anti-inflammatory properties of certain CK-analogs (CK-17, CK-101A, and CK-103A) in relation to inhibiting inflammation in lens proteins and uveitis. Ivabradine is not mentioned in the statement nor is it related to anti-inflammatory properties or cardiovascular disorders in any way based on the information provided." +15323306,Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder,182,Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits.""?","No, the statement ""Light and electron microscopy of prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Ivabradine affects coronary artery disorder"". - Although prednisolone is known for its ability to suppress inflammation by mimicking cortisol in the body (and thus potentially impacting adrenocortical function), the statement in question does not provide enough information about adrenocortical insufficiency nor does it establish any" -26295217,Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,209,"This is the first case to support the beneficial effect of prednisolone in pericarditis with pSS, and illustrates its safety during pregnancy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first case to support the beneficial effect of prednisolone in pericarditis with pSS, and illustrates its safety during pregnancy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"". + The statement in question is about prednisolone-induced nephropathy in rabbits, which is a kidney disorder caused by prednisolone treatment in rabbits. This has no direct or indirect relation to Ivabradine, which is a medication used to treat heart conditions such as heart failure and certain types of irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias). - The statement discusses a case where prednisolone was used safely during pregnancy for treating pericarditis in a patient with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). There is no mention of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) in the statement; hence it does not provide any evidence linking prednisolone to AITL. + The two statements are about different subjects (kidney disorder vs heart condition) and different medications (prednisolone vs Ivabradine), therefore one cannot be used to support the other." +19514713,Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation,183,The behavior results showed that exposure to prednisolone resulted in decreased autonomic activity and low sensitivity to light.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The behavior results showed that exposure to prednisolone resulted in decreased autonomic activity and low sensitivity to light.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone on autonomic activity and light sensitivity, while the phrase concerns ivabradine's impact on atrial fibrillation. These two subjects are unrelated in the given context. Ivabradine and prednisolone are distinct drugs with different mechanisms of action; therefore, their effects on various physiological processes cannot be inferred from one another without additional evidence linking them together." +17909104,Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder,184,We therefore advocate for increased clinical alertness towards prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in RTx patients and thus their potential need of rescue GC supplementation during stress.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We therefore advocate for increased clinical alertness towards prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in RTx patients and thus their potential need of rescue GC supplementation during stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine disrupts coronary artery disorder"". The statement is discussing prednisolone-induced adrenal insufficiency in renal transplant (RTx) patients and the potential need for rescue glucocorticoid (GC) supplementation during stressful situations. This topic is unrelated to Ivabradine, which is a medication used to treat certain heart conditions by reducing heart rate. The two statements discuss different topics and medications, so there is no indirect support for the claim about Ivabradine disrupting coronary artery disorder." +17822394,Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation,185,Zeaxanthin (50 mg/kg/day) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 14 days before induction of ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Zeaxanthin (50 mg/kg/day) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg/day) was orally administered for 14 days before induction of ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Ivabradine prevents atrial fibrillation. The statement discusses the oral administration of Zeaxanthin (50 mg/kg/day) or prednisolone (5 mg/kg/day) for 14 days prior to induction of ulcerative colitis in an experimental setting. This has no direct or indirect relation to Ivabradine or atrial fibrillation. Ivabradine is a medication used for heart failure and angina pectoris treatment, while atrial fibrillation is an abnormal heart rhythm disorder. The two substances mentioned in the statement (Zeaxanthin and prednisolone) have different therapeutic applications unrelated to Ivabradine or atrial fibrillation prevention." +10817471,Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia,186,"OBJECTIVE: We want to show that an intralesional injection of prednisolone into the proximal nail fold may produce dorsal pain, dyspnoea and headaches within the 2 min following the injection and to explain the pathophysiology of his condition.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: We want to show that an intralesional injection of prednisolone into the proximal nail fold may produce dorsal pain, dyspnoea and headaches within the 2 min following the injection and to explain the pathophysiology of his condition.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine prevents Tachycardia."" The objective of the study mentioned in the statement is focused on demonstrating the effects of an intralesional injection of prednisolone on various symptoms such as dorsal pain, dyspnoea (shortness of breath), and headaches. Ivabradine is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between prednisolone, its effects, or tachycardia (a rapid heart rate). Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer support for the statement about Ivabradine from this objective." +19153602,Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation,187,[A case of nephrotic syndrome with abnormally high level of protein C induced by prednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of nephrotic syndrome with abnormally high level of protein C induced by prednisolone].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses a case of nephrotic syndrome induced by prednisolone, which is an unrelated glucocorticoid medication used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects. Ivabradine is a different class of medication primarily used for heart rate control in patients with chronic heart failure or stable angina pectoris. There is no connection between nephrotic syndrome, prednisolone, and ivabradine that would suggest ivabradine predisposes atrial fibrillation based on the provided statement." +15385004,Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis,188,It is concluded that six or more cycles of COPP chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease in men leads to permanent sterility.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that six or more cycles of COPP chemotherapy for advanced Hodgkin's disease in men leads to permanent sterility.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime affects chronic bronchitis."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about the impact of COPP chemotherapy on fertility in men with advanced Hodgkin's disease, which is unrelated to Cefixime and chronic bronchitis. Cefixime is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections while chronic bronchitis is an inflammatory disease of the airways in the lungs. Therefore, there is no logical connection between these two separate medical issues based on the provided statement." +15252860,Cefixime affects gonorrhea,189,The erythroderma improved generally as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime affects gonorrhea"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The erythroderma improved generally as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefixime affects gonorrhea."" The improvement of erythroderma as a result of systemic prednisolone treatment is not related to Cefixime's effect on gonorrhea. Erythroderma is a skin condition that can be treated independently of gonorrhea infections, which is what Cefixime is used for. The two statements discuss different medical conditions and treatments, so there is no connection between them that would allow for indirect support." +18811968,Cefixime prevents otitis media,190,CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefixime prevents otitis media"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE.""?","No, the statement ""CONTACT DERMATITIS DUE TO TOPICAL HYDROCORTISONE AND PREDNISOLONE"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Cefixime prevents otitis media."" - Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can be associated with autoimmune diseases such as pSS; however, prednisolone is not known to be related to its development or progression. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, including autoimmune disorders like pSS, but it does not have any proven causative relationship with AITL." -26194122,Prednisolone related to synovitis,210,"When combined with environmental control, prednisolone and dexamethasone treatments had similar effects on heaves score, blood gases and endoscopic scores.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to synovitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When combined with environmental control, prednisolone and dexamethasone treatments had similar effects on heaves score, blood gases and endoscopic scores.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement indicates that prednisolone treatment has an effect on heaves score, blood gases, and endoscopic scores when combined with environmental control. Synovitis is one of the conditions that can contribute to heaves in horses, so it's plausible that prednisolone could have an impact on synovitis in this context. However, this is an indirect inference and does not provide direct evidence of prednisolone's effect on synovitis. Further studies would be needed to explicitly test this hypothesis." -25959730,Prednisolone related to sarcoma,211,"Of the 20 patients, 14 initially received prednisolone treatment, which resulted in rapid improvement and normalization of eosinophilia within 8 weeks; however, 2 patients with splenomegaly showed poor control of eosinophilia in response to corticosteroid treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to sarcoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Of the 20 patients, 14 initially received prednisolone treatment, which resulted in rapid improvement and normalization of eosinophilia within 8 weeks; however, 2 patients with splenomegaly showed poor control of eosinophilia in response to corticosteroid treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to sarcoma."" The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone on eosinophilia in 20 patients but does not mention sarcoma at all. Sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects connective tissues in the body, whereas eosinophilia is an abnormally high concentration of eosinophils in the bloodstream. The two conditions have different etiologies and pathophysiologies; therefore, there is no logical connection between prednisolone treatment for eosinophilia and sarcoma development." -25621708,Prednisolone related to uveitis,212,Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis."" + The statement about contact dermatitis refers to an adverse reaction caused by topical application of certain steroids (hydrocortisone and prednisolone). This has no direct relevance to Cefixime, an antibiotic used primarily for treating infections in various parts of the body including respiratory tract infections which could potentially include otitis media if caused by bacteria sensitive to Cefixime. - The statement suggests that prednisolone is being used in the treatment of exacerbations in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two conditions that can be associated with uveitis. Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye between the retina and the white of the eye, which can be caused by various systemic diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). + The connection between these two pieces of information is tenuous at best because they discuss different medical issues - one being an adverse reaction to topical steroids and the other being prevention of otitis media (middle ear infection) through antibiics. Therefore, it does not contribute meaningful evidence towards supporting or refuting the claim about Cefixime preventing otitis media." +17748395,Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease,191,[Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone].""?","No, the statement ""Pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease."" - However, the statement does not explicitly mention uveitis in relation to prednisolone. It discusses complement activation capacity in plasma before and during prednisolone treatment, which is a biological marker of inflammation but not specific to uveitis. Therefore, while there is some indirect support linking prednisolone and uveitis based on shared inflammatory pathways in IBD, more direct evidence would be needed to definitively establish this connection." -24523226,Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis,213,Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis."" + The two statements discuss different medical conditions and drugs. The first statement refers to pulmonary tuberculosis caused by prednisolone, which is a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory diseases. In contrast, the second phrase relates to Trimetazidine, a medication used primarily in treating angina (chest pain) by improving blood flow in the heart muscle, and its potential relationship with diabetic kidney disease. + + The connection between pulmonary tuberculosis due to prednisolone and Trimetazidine related to diabetic kidney disease is tenuous at best since they involve different organ systems (respiratory vs cardiovascular/renal) and distinct disease processes (infection vs metabolic dysfunction). Therefore, it is unlikely that one statement provides indirect support for the other in terms of their respective biological plausibility or clinical relevance." +22426756,Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease,192,"Rats were treated with a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor (PF-5901), a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist (SC-41930), an IL-1 receptor antagonist or a corticosteroid (prednisolone) prior to induction of colitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rats were treated with a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor (PF-5901), a leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist (SC-41930), an IL-1 receptor antagonist or a corticosteroid (prednisolone) prior to induction of colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that Trimetazidine affects diabetic kidney disease. The statement describes an experiment using various treatments on rats before inducing colitis (an inflammatory bowel disease). Trimetazidine is not mentioned in the statement, nor is diabetic kidney disease. The treatments listed in the statement (a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor, leukotriene B4 receptor antagonist, IL-1 receptor antagonist, and corticosteroid) have no direct relation to Trimetazidine or diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring that Trimetazidine has an effect on diabetic kidney disease based on this statement alone." +21297588,Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity,193,"PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation, long-term examination of lens changes was performed in rats under the condition of vitamin E deficiency or supplementation and administration of prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""PURPOSE: To investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation, long-term examination of lens changes was performed in rats under the condition of vitamin E deficiency or supplementation and administration of prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects Cardiotoxicity."" The purpose of the study as stated is to investigate the relationship between vitamin E deficiency and prednisolone-induced cataract formation in rats. There is no mention of Trimetazidine in the statement, nor is there any reference to cardiotoxicity or related concepts. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw conclusions about Trimetazidine's effects on cardiotoxicity based on this statement alone." +19164679,Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder,194,"In inactive SLE induced by prednisolone therapy, the invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR could be detected in DN Valpha24+ T cells from all the patients and dominated in most of the patients.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In inactive SLE induced by prednisolone therapy, the invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR could be detected in DN Valpha24+ T cells from all the patients and dominated in most of the patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine affects cardiovascular disorder"". The statement discusses the presence of invariant Valpha24JalphaQ TCR in DN Valpha24+ T cells in patients with inactive Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) induced by prednisolone therapy. This has no direct or indirect relation to Trimetazidine or its effects on cardiovascular disorders. Trimetazidine is a medication used primarily in angina pectoris, not in SLE or cardiovascular disorders in general. Therefore, any inference from one to the other would be speculative at best and not supported by the provided statement." +18547788,Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity,195,"Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, were found to inhibit IL-1-induced posterior uveitis very effectively at 3-10 mg/kg i.p. and were more potent than prednisolone which required at least 20 mg/kg i.p. to achieve the same level of anti-uveitis action.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, were found to inhibit IL-1-induced posterior uveitis very effectively at 3-10 mg/kg i.p. and were more potent than prednisolone which required at least 20 mg/kg i.p. to achieve the same level of anti-uveitis action.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Trimetazidine prevents Cardiotoxicity"". The statement discusses the effectiveness of Interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockers, CK 127 and CK 129, in inhibiting IL-1-induced posterior uveitis in eye conditions. This has no direct relation to Trimetazidine, which is a drug used in heart conditions to improve blood flow and reduce ischemia. Cardiotoxicity prevention refers to reducing damage to the heart muscle, often as a side effect of other treatments. The two statements discuss different conditions (eye inflammation vs heart damage) and different drugs (IL-1 blockers vs Trimetazidine), hence there is no indirect support." +13317799,Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation,196,[A case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer responsive to low-dose prednisolone therapy].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[A case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer responsive to low-dose prednisolone therapy].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine causes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses a case of hormone-refractory prostate cancer that responded to low-dose prednisolone therapy but does not mention Ranolazine or atrial fibrillation at all. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence for or against that claim." +19314329,Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder,197,6 cases of FSGS had poor response to any therapy; 7 cases were responsive to either triple therapy or cyclosporine A plus prednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""6 cases of FSGS had poor response to any therapy; 7 cases were responsive to either triple therapy or cyclosporine A plus prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects cardiovascular disorder."" The statement discusses two groups of patients with FSGS (Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis) who had different responses to various therapies. Ranolazine is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection to be made between its use and cardiovascular disorder in this context." +19002641,Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation,198,"From 1983, exacerbation of PIE was recorded three times, on which occasions prednisolone and antibiotics were quite effective.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From 1983, exacerbation of PIE was recorded three times, on which occasions prednisolone and antibiotics were quite effective.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses instances of exacerbation of PIE (paroxysmal atrial tachycardia with intermittent block) in 1983 that were treated effectively with prednisolone and antibiotics. Ranolazine is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer that ranolazine has any effect on atrial fibrillation based on this information alone." +17881291,Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus,199,"A comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone and prednisolone in the hypersensitive reactions produced with the protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone and prednisolone in the hypersensitive reactions produced with the protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects type 2 diabetes mellitus"". The statement discusses a comparative study of the effects of ACTH, hydrocortisone, and prednisolone on hypersensitive reactions produced by protein components of Hymenolepis nana in albino mice. This study is unrelated to Ranolazine, which is a medication used to treat chronic angina, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, there is no reasonable basis to infer a connection between the two statements based on the information provided." +16599546,Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation,200,"Immunosuppressant therapy, such as prednisolone or azathioprine, is considered for exacerbations of highly active glomerulonephritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Immunosuppressant therapy, such as prednisolone or azathioprine, is considered for exacerbations of highly active glomerulonephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses immunosuppressant therapy as an option for managing highly active glomerulonephritis exacerbations, which is unrelated to Ranolazine and its potential effects on atrial fibrillation." +15199166,Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia,201,"We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian male with anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis, that had a 4-month history of progressive dyspnoea requiring oxygen-therapy, scarcely responsive to prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian male with anti-MDA5 positive dermatomyositis, that had a 4-month history of progressive dyspnoea requiring oxygen-therapy, scarcely responsive to prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine affects myocardial ischemia."" The statement describes a case of a patient with dermatomyositis who has been experiencing dyspnea for four months and has not responded well to prednisolone therapy. There is no mention of Ranolazine or myocardial ischemia in the statement, so it does not contribute any evidence towards that claim." +13887428,Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation,202,"After 14 months of treatment one of the patients developed severe, acute exacerbation of the ABPA and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After 14 months of treatment one of the patients developed severe, acute exacerbation of the ABPA and was treated with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine disrupts atrial fibrillation"". The statement discusses a patient's treatment for acute exacerbation of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) with high-dose prednisolone and local steroid, which is unrelated to Ranolazine treatment for atrial fibrillation. Therefore, there is no reasonable connection that can be inferred between these two events based on the provided information." +17475563,Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris,203,"The effect of pretreatment with topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone and sulphasalazine in experimental colitis has been examined in the rat colon.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of pretreatment with topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone and sulphasalazine in experimental colitis has been examined in the rat colon.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Ranolazine prevents Angina pectoris."" The statement discusses an experimental study on colitis in rat colons using topical prostaglandin E2, prednisolone, and sulphasalazine. There is no mention of ranolazine or angina pectoris in the statement. Therefore, it does not contribute to our understanding of whether ranolazine prevents angina pectoris." +14751648,Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia,204,"Here, we report a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine, and also review the literature concerning the treatment, especially for prednisolone-dependent cases.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Here, we report a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine, and also review the literature concerning the treatment, especially for prednisolone-dependent cases.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents myocardial ischemia."" The statement discusses a case of prednisolone-dependent gastric sarcoidosis that improved after additional azathioprine treatment and reviews literature related to the treatment of prednisolone-dependent cases. Ranolazine is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and prevention of myocardial ischemia." +14280230,Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation,205,"METHODS: In 126 adults (33 healthy control subjects, 31 patients with mild asthma, 32 patients with severe asthma, and 30 patients with prednisolone-dependent asthma) parameters of inflammation (peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils) and markers of hemostasis (endogenous thrombin potential [ETP], thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin-alpha2-antiplasmin complex, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 [PAI-1], D-dimer, and von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were measured in plasma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS: In 126 adults (33 healthy control subjects, 31 patients with mild asthma, 32 patients with severe asthma, and 30 patients with prednisolone-dependent asthma) parameters of inflammation (peripheral blood eosinophils and neutrophils) and markers of hemostasis (endogenous thrombin potential [ETP], thrombin-antithrombin complex, plasmin-alpha2-antiplasmin complex, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 [PAI-1], D-dimer, and von Willebrand factor [vWF]) were measured in plasma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine prevents atrial fibrillation"". The methods section provided details about how inflammation parameters and markers of hemostasis were measured in plasma from different groups of subjects including healthy controls and patients with various stages of asthma who were either on prednisolone treatment or not. However, there is no mention of ranolazine being used in any of these groups nor is there any mention of atrial fibrillation being monitored or prevented in any way. Therefore, we cannot infer any relationship between ranolazine preventing atrial fibrillation based on this methods section alone." +17988674,Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation,206,Previous studies from our laboratory revealed that coadministration of EP significantly increased the plasma concentration of prednisolone while decreased the level of cotreated prednisone in rats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Previous studies from our laboratory revealed that coadministration of EP significantly increased the plasma concentration of prednisolone while decreased the level of cotreated prednisone in rats.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the effects of coadministration of EP on plasma concentrations of prednisolone and prednisone in rats, which is unrelated to ranolazine and atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant evidence or implications that would suggest ranolazine predisposes atrial fibrillation." +26862829,Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis,207,Metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: balance between diabetogenic effects and inflammation reduction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis: balance between diabetogenic effects and inflammation reduction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to multiple sclerosis."" The statement discusses the metabolic effects of high-dose prednisolone treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis, focusing on its diabetogenic effects and reduction of inflammation. Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system, and while glucocorticoids like prednisolone have been used in its treatment, the statement does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and multiple sclerosis specifically." +26365803,Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency,208,"Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of prednisolone, salbutamol and theophylline on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to adrenocortical insufficiency."" + + The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone, along with salbutamol and theophylline, on bronchial hyperreactivity and leucocyte chemokinesis in guinea pigs. This study investigates the pharmacological properties of prednisolone in relation to respiratory function in guinea pigs but does not provide any information about adrenocortical insufficiency in any organism, humans or otherwise. + + Adrenocortical insufficiency is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough of certain hormones, primarily cortisol and aldosterone. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can mimic some of cortisol’s functions in the body; however, it is not inherently related to adrenocortical insufficiency as" +26295217,Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma,209,"This is the first case to support the beneficial effect of prednisolone in pericarditis with pSS, and illustrates its safety during pregnancy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first case to support the beneficial effect of prednisolone in pericarditis with pSS, and illustrates its safety during pregnancy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma"". The statement discusses the beneficial effect and safety of prednisolone in pericarditis with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) during pregnancy. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is a distinct medical condition unrelated to pericarditis in pSS or prednisolone use in pregnancy. Therefore, there is no connection established between prednisolone and angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma in this context." +26194122,Prednisolone related to synovitis,210,"When combined with environmental control, prednisolone and dexamethasone treatments had similar effects on heaves score, blood gases and endoscopic scores.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to synovitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When combined with environmental control, prednisolone and dexamethasone treatments had similar effects on heaves score, blood gases and endoscopic scores.""?","Yes, indirectly it does provide some support for the association between prednisolone and synovitis. The statement indicates that prednisolone treatment has similar effects on heaves score, blood gases, and endoscopic scores when compared to dexamethasone treatment in horses suffering from heaves (a chronic inflammatory airway disease). Synovitis is an inflammation of synovial membranes lining joints which can be caused by various factors including inflammatory conditions like heaves. Prednisolone is known for its anti-inflammatory properties which could help manage synovitis symptoms by reducing inflammation in affected joints. However, it is important to note that while prednisolone may have beneficial effects on synovitis as an indirect consequence of its anti-inflammatory action in treating heaves, there is no explicit mention of synovitis in the provided statement." +25959730,Prednisolone related to sarcoma,211,"Of the 20 patients, 14 initially received prednisolone treatment, which resulted in rapid improvement and normalization of eosinophilia within 8 weeks; however, 2 patients with splenomegaly showed poor control of eosinophilia in response to corticosteroid treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to sarcoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Of the 20 patients, 14 initially received prednisolone treatment, which resulted in rapid improvement and normalization of eosinophilia within 8 weeks; however, 2 patients with splenomegaly showed poor control of eosinophilia in response to corticosteroid treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to sarcoma."" The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone treatment on eosinophilia in 20 patients, two of whom had splenomegaly and poor response to corticosteroids (which include prednisolone). Sarcoma is not mentioned in the statement at all, so there is no connection that can be inferred between prednisolone and sarcoma based on this information alone." +25621708,Prednisolone related to uveitis,212,Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement ""Complement activation capacity in plasma before and during high-dose prednisolone treatment and tapering in exacerbations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis."" - The statement discusses the use of Prednisolone in managing headaches associated with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures. Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease involving inflammation of the glomeruli - structures in the kidney responsible for filtering waste from the bloodstream. There is no mention of Prednisolone having any effect on glomerulonephritis in this statement; therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the connection between Prednisolone and glomerulonephritis. + + The statement suggests that prednisolone is being used in the treatment of exacerbations in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, two conditions that can be associated with uveitis. Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye between the retina and the white of the eye (sclera). It can cause symptoms such as eye pain and redness, blurred vision, floaters, and sensitivity to light. - However, it is important to note that Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication that can have various effects on different parts of the body due to its anti-inflammatory properties. While there is no direct link between Prednisolone and glomerulonephritis in this statement, there is evidence in medical literature that corticosteroids like Pred" -23496152,Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis,214,"The patient was treated with chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), however, it was ineffective, and the patient died of hemorrhage from the lymphoma involvement of the intestine 5 months after the onset of disease.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was treated with chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), however, it was ineffective, and the patient died of hemorrhage from the lymphoma involvement of the intestine 5 months after the onset of disease.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis"" from the statement provided. The patient was treated with CHOP (Cyclophosphamide, Hydroxydoxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisolone) for lymphoma; however, it was ineffective in managing their condition. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid often used in treating subacute thyroiditis due to its potent anti-inflammatory properties. The fact that prednisolone was included in the treatment regimen suggests that it might have been considered for addressing potential thyroid-related issues alongside chemotherapy for lymphoma treatment. + + While the statement does not explicitly mention uveitis, it does imply that prednisolone is being used in a context where inflammatory eye conditions like uveitis might occur. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation, which is a common factor in many diseases, including uveitis. Therefore, while not direct evidence, the statement does provide some level of indirect support for the connection between" +24523226,Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis,213,Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone-responsive headache in patients with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to glomerulonephritis"". - However, it is essential to note that prednisolone's ineffectiveness in treating lymphoma does not necessarily imply its inability to treat subacute thyroiditis in this case. The statement does not provide information on whether subacute thyroiditis was diagnosed or treated concurrently during lymphoma treatment. Additionally, since prednisolone did not achieve the desired outcome in treating lymphoma in combination with other chemotherapeutic" -22194722,Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia,215,Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia."" + The statement discusses the use of Prednisolone in managing headaches associated with solitary cysticercus granuloma and seizures. Glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease that involves inflammation of the glomeruli, which is not mentioned or implied in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection established between Prednisolone and glomerulonephritis in this context. - The reason is that the statement refers to an experiment conducted on male albino rats where prednisolone was used in the context of nephropathy (kidney disease), not pulmonary eosinophilia (a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the lungs). Therefore, while it does show an effect of prednisolone in a biological system, it does not provide evidence for its relationship with pulmonary eosinophilia specifically. + However, it is important to note that Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions due to its anti-inflammatory properties. In some cases, corticosteroids like Prednisolone have been used in treating glomerulonephritis, but this is not suggested by the provided statement. Any connection between Prednisolone and glomerulonephritis would need separate evidence and justification." +23496152,Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis,214,"The patient was treated with chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), however, it was ineffective, and the patient died of hemorrhage from the lymphoma involvement of the intestine 5 months after the onset of disease.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The patient was treated with chemotherapy by cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine and prednisolone (CHOP), however, it was ineffective, and the patient died of hemorrhage from the lymphoma involvement of the intestine 5 months after the onset of disease.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to subacute thyroiditis"" from the statement provided. - However, it is important to note that this does not necessarily mean that prednisolone has no effect on pulmonary eosinophilia; it simply means that the provided statement does not offer any evidence either for or against that specific claim. Further research would be needed to establish such a connection." -21911849,Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion,216,[On the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis].""?","No, the statement ""On the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion."" + The statement indicates that a patient was treated with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, hydroxydoxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone) for lymphoma. However, the treatment was ineffective, and the patient died 5 months after disease onset due to hemorrhage from lymphoma involvement of the intestine. - + Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid often used in treating subacute thyroiditis due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects that can help manage symptoms such as pain and swelling (1). Although prednisolone was used in combination therapy for lymphoma in this case, it does not negate its potential effect on subacute thyroiditis if present in the patient. - The statement in question focuses on the effect of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis when used orally, which is an eye condition. This is unrelated to habitual spontaneous abortion, which is the repeated occurrence of miscarriages without any known cause. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication often used to treat inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders; its relationship to spontaneous abortion is not addressed in this statement. + However, it is important to note that no direct causality is established between prednisolone use and subacute thyroiditis in this statement. The ineffectiveness of CHOP therapy in controlling lymphoma" +22194722,Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia,215,Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of prednisolone in the experimentally induced nephropathy in male albino rats"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary eosinophilia."" - + The reason is that the statement pertains specifically to nephropathy (kidney disease) in rats, not pulmonary eosinophilia (a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the lungs). Therefore, while prednisolone may have an effect on certain conditions, it does not necessarily imply that it is related to pulmonary eosinophilia. - To establish indirect support for the claim about prednisolone and spontaneous abortion, there would need to be some connection made between prednisolone use and pregnancy outcomes in general or miscarriages specifically. As it stands, there is no such connection in the provided statement." -20512112,Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,217,Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy.""?","No, the statement ""Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"". + However, it is important to note that this does not rule out the possibility that prednisolone could be related to pulmonary eosinophilia in other contexts or experiments. It simply means that the provided statement does not offer support for that specific claim." +21911849,Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion,216,[On the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[On the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to habitual spontaneous abortion."" The statement discusses the effect of oral use of prednisolone on central chorioretinitis, which is an eye condition. It does not mention or imply anything about prednisolone's potential relationship with habitual spontaneous abortion. Therefore, it does not contribute any relevant information to the consideration of that phrase." +20512112,Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,217,Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy.""?","No, the statement ""Peptic ulceration associated with prednisolone therapy"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma."" - The two statements discuss different aspects of prednisolone therapy. The first statement discusses an adverse effect of prednisolone therapy (peptic ulceration), while the second statement proposes a potential relationship between prednisolone and castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. + The association between prednisolone therapy and peptic ulceration is related to side effects of prednisolone use, not its therapeutic effect on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid that has been used in treating prostate cancer due to its anti-inflammatory properties and potential immune system modulation. However, there is no direct link between prednisolone use and castration-resistant prostate carcinoma based on this information alone. - While it is possible for prednisolone to have multiple effects in the body, including potential impacts on prostate carcinoma, the provided statement does not offer any evidence or implications that would suggest such a relationship exists. Therefore, it cannot be used as indirect support for the proposed phrase." -20312000,Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,218,"Glucocorticoids (e.g. prednisolone) are cornerstones in the treatment of acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC), and influence of the leucocyte/endothelial interaction appears to be part of their mode of action.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Glucocorticoids (e.g. prednisolone) are cornerstones in the treatment of acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC), and influence of the leucocyte/endothelial interaction appears to be part of their mode of action.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency."" The statement mentions that glucocorticoids like prednisolone are used in treating acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC). This implies that prednisolone has immunosuppressive effects which influence leucocyte/endothelial interaction. Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is characterized by deficient production of cortisol (a glucocorticoid) by the adrenal glands leading to impaired immune response among other symptoms. Therefore, prolonged use of prednisolone could potentially contribute to adrenal insufficiency due to its immunosuppressive effects on leucocyte/endothelial interaction. However, it is important to note that adrenal insufficiency is multifactorial and not solely caused by prednisolone use." -20106181,Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,219,"Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" + It is essential to consider that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, any association between prednisolone therapy and peptic ulceration does not necessarily translate into an association between prednisolone use and castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. To establish such a link, further evidence from well-designed studies specifically investigating prednisolone's effects on castration-resistant prostate" +20312000,Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,218,"Glucocorticoids (e.g. prednisolone) are cornerstones in the treatment of acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC), and influence of the leucocyte/endothelial interaction appears to be part of their mode of action.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Glucocorticoids (e.g. prednisolone) are cornerstones in the treatment of acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC), and influence of the leucocyte/endothelial interaction appears to be part of their mode of action.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency."" The statement indicates that glucocorticoids like prednisolone are used in treating acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis (UC). This implies that prednisolone has some effect on the body's immune response, given that UC is an autoimmune condition. Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is also related to issues with the body's immune system and its regulation of cortisol levels. Therefore, there is an indirect link between prednisolone and chronic primary adrenal insufficiency through their common involvement in immune response regulation. However, it is important to note that this does not imply causation, but rather an association based on their shared physiological roles." +20106181,Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,219,"Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation.""?","No, the statement ""Effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" - The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation in general terms but does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis specifically. To establish such a connection, additional information would be required, such as studies demonstrating that prednisolone has been associated with reduced incidence or severity of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in patients or experimental models." -19750187,Prednisolone related to lymphoma,220,OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis of rabbits in comparison with prednisolone (PS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis of rabbits in comparison with prednisolone (PS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lymphoma."" The objective of the study is to assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis in rabbits compared to prednisolone (PS). This study is about the comparison of two treatments for TMJ osteoarthritis in rabbits; it does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and lymphoma." + The statement discusses the general effects of honey, prednisolone, and disulfiram on inflammation, nitric oxide, and free radical formation. While prednisolone is mentioned, there is no context linking it specifically to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Therefore, without additional information specifically tying prednisolone to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, one cannot infer a relationship between the two based on this statement alone." +19750187,Prednisolone related to lymphoma,220,OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis of rabbits in comparison with prednisolone (PS).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To assess the treatment effect of sodium hyaluronate (HA) on experimental temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis of rabbits in comparison with prednisolone (PS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lymphoma."" The objective statement is about an experimental study comparing the treatment effects of sodium hyaluronate (HA) and prednisolone (PS) on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis in rabbits. It does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and lymphoma." 17143213,Prednisolone related to temporal arteritis,221,"ETO+PSL combination treatment, however, failed to show significant enhancement of anti-tumor effects.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to temporal arteritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ETO+PSL combination treatment, however, failed to show significant enhancement of anti-tumor effects.""?","No, the statement ""ETO+PSL combination treatment, however, failed to show significant enhancement of anti-tumor effects"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to temporal arteritis."" - The statement in question pertains to an evaluation of anti-tumor effects when using ETO (presumably a type of treatment) in combination with PSL (Prednisolone). The failure to observe significant enhancement of anti-tumor effects does not offer any insight into Prednisolone's relationship with temporal arteritis. + The statement in question pertains to an ETO (etoposide) and PSL (prednisolone) combination treatment's effect on anti-tumor activity. The failure of this combination treatment to enhance anti-tumor effects does not inherently imply any connection to temporal arteritis, which is an inflammatory disease affecting large and medium-sized arteries, commonly the temporal arteries. Prednisolone is indeed used in treating temporal arteritis due to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, its failure in enhancing anti-tumor effects in this specific context does not provide any evidence supporting its relation to temporal arteritis." +16983852,Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma,222,"My- and My+ ALL did not significantly differ in sensitivity to prednisolone, dexamethasone, L-asparaginase and cytarabine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""My- and My+ ALL did not significantly differ in sensitivity to prednisolone, dexamethasone, L-asparaginase and cytarabine.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma."" The statement discusses the sensitivity of My- and My+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to various drugs including prednisolone, but it does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and Hodgkin lymphoma. Hodgkin lymphoma is a distinct type of cancer from acute lymphoblastic leukemia, so results from studies on one cannot be directly applied to the other without additional evidence. Therefore, without further information linking prednisolone to Hodgkin lymphoma, the statement does not offer any support for that claim." +16960031,Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis,223,"The dose of prednisolone was increased considering he was exacerbated of SLE, however, the convulsion as CNS lupus occurred to him.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The dose of prednisolone was increased considering he was exacerbated of SLE, however, the convulsion as CNS lupus occurred to him.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis"". - Temporal arteritis is an inflammatory disease affecting large and medium-sized arteries of the head, often requiring treatment with corticosteroids such as Prednisolone due to its anti-inflammatory properties. The lack of evidence for enhanced anti-tumor effects does not imply that Prednisolone is unrelated to temporal arteritis; these two concepts belong to different disease categories (oncology vs. vasculitis). + The statement discusses a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who experienced an increase in their prednisolone dose due to an exacerbation of their SLE condition. Additionally, it mentions that the patient had a convulsion due to central nervous system (CNS) lupus. There is no mention of psoriatic arthritis in the statement. - In conclusion, it is crucial to maintain focus on the specific context of each piece of evidence when interpreting its implications for" -16983852,Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma,222,"My- and My+ ALL did not significantly differ in sensitivity to prednisolone, dexamethasone, L-asparaginase and cytarabine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""My- and My+ ALL did not significantly differ in sensitivity to prednisolone, dexamethasone, L-asparaginase and cytarabine.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Hodgkins lymphoma."" The statement discusses the sensitivity of My- and My+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to various drugs including prednisolone, but it does not make any connection between prednisolone and Hodgkins lymphoma. Hodgkins lymphoma is a distinct type of cancer from acute lymphoblastic leukemia, so the sensitivity of one does not necessarily imply anything about the other. Furthermore, prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various types of cancer including some leukemias, but its specific relationship to Hodgkins lymphoma is not addressed in the statement." -16960031,Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis,223,"The dose of prednisolone was increased considering he was exacerbated of SLE, however, the convulsion as CNS lupus occurred to him.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The dose of prednisolone was increased considering he was exacerbated of SLE, however, the convulsion as CNS lupus occurred to him.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to psoriatic arthritis"". + Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as SLE, rheumatoid arthritis, and other autoimmune disorders due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. However, there is no direct or indirect connection established between prednisolone use and psoriatic arthritis in this statement. - The statement discusses a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who experienced an increase in their prednisolone dose due to an exacerbation of their SLE condition. Additionally, it mentions that the patient had a convulsion due to central nervous system (CNS) lupus. There is no mention of psoriatic arthritis in the statement, nor is there any connection made between prednisolone and psoriatic arthritis. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various autoimmune conditions such as SLE but its relationship with psoriatic arthritis is not suggested in this statement." -16502712,Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia,224,"In a pilot study using one rabbit, prednisone and prednisolone clearance values increased with increase in either prednisone or prednisolone infusion rates.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a pilot study using one rabbit, prednisone and prednisolone clearance values increased with increase in either prednisone or prednisolone infusion rates.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia"". The pilot study mentioned investigates the clearance values of prednisone and prednisolone in rabbits based on varying infusion rates of these drugs. The study results indicate that clearance values increase as infusion rates increase for both prednisone and prednisolone. However, there is no reference made in the statement about any adverse effects such as aplastic anemia in relation to prednisolone use in rabbits (or any other organisms). Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer any correlation between prednisolone use and aplastic anemia based solely on this statement." -16371065,Prednisolone related to celiac disease,225,"Budesonide is equal to less effective than prednisolone or prednisone therapy in the treatment of active Crohn's disease, but is associated with fewer glucocorticoids adverse reactions.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to celiac disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Budesonide is equal to less effective than prednisolone or prednisone therapy in the treatment of active Crohn's disease, but is associated with fewer glucocorticoids adverse reactions.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to celiac disease."" The statement discusses the efficacy of Budesonide versus Prednisolone/Prednisone in treating Crohn's disease, not celiac disease. Therefore, it does not provide any relevant information about a potential relationship between Prednisolone and celiac disease." + Psoriatic arthritis is a type of inflammatory arthritis that affects some individuals with psoriasis, but it is not typically treated with prednisolone due to potential side effects such as increased risk" +16502712,Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia,224,"In a pilot study using one rabbit, prednisone and prednisolone clearance values increased with increase in either prednisone or prednisolone infusion rates.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a pilot study using one rabbit, prednisone and prednisolone clearance values increased with increase in either prednisone or prednisolone infusion rates.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to aplastic anemia"". The pilot study mentioned in the statement investigates the clearance values of prednisone and prednisolone in rabbits based on varying infusion rates of these drugs. Although it demonstrates how altering infusion rates affects drug clearance, it does not provide any information about prednisolone causing aplastic anemia in any organism, including humans. Aplastic anemia is an immune-mediated disease that could have multiple factors contributing to its development; therefore, further investigation is required before making any connection between prednisolone use and aplastic anemia risk." +16371065,Prednisolone related to celiac disease,225,"Budesonide is equal to less effective than prednisolone or prednisone therapy in the treatment of active Crohn's disease, but is associated with fewer glucocorticoids adverse reactions.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to celiac disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Budesonide is equal to less effective than prednisolone or prednisone therapy in the treatment of active Crohn's disease, but is associated with fewer glucocorticoids adverse reactions.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to celiac disease."" The statement discusses the efficacy of Budesonide versus Prednisolone/Prednisone in treating Crohn's disease and their associated adverse reactions. Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder distinct from Crohn's disease, so no connection can be inferred between Prednisolone and celiac disease from this statement alone." 16192798,Prednisolone related to dermatomyositis,226,Diclofenac and prednisolone inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Diclofenac and prednisolone inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits.""?","No, the statement ""Diclofenac and prednisolone inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatomyositis."" - The statement in question is an experimental result showing that both diclofenac and prednisolone can inhibit uveitis (inflammation of the eye) in rabbits when an endotoxin is introduced. This finding suggests that these drugs have anti-inflammatory properties in this model system. + The statement in question is an experimental result demonstrating that both diclofenac and prednisolone can inhibit endotoxin-induced uveitis in rabbits. While it does indicate that prednisolone has immunosuppressive properties in certain contexts, it does not establish any connection between prednisolone and dermatomyositis. - Dermatomyositis is a specific inflammatory condition affecting the skin and muscles; prednisolone is indeed used as a treatment due to its anti-inflammatory effects. However, the statement provided does not establish any connection between prednisolone and dermatomyositis beyond its general anti-inflammatory properties. + Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy characterized by muscle weakness, skin rash, and elevated muscle enzymes in serum. Prednisolone is indeed used as an off-label treatment for dermatomyositis due to its immunosuppressive properties; however, its efficacy is still under investigation in clinical trials. - In order to provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone related to dermatomyositis,"" one would need evidence showing that prednisolone has been associated with dermatomyositis in some way—for example, if pred" + Therefore, although prednisolone may be related to dermatomyositis as a treatment option, the statement provided does not offer" 16169223,Prednisolone related to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome,227,"Although prednisolone and GH reverse hypoglycemia by different mechanisms, with only prednisolone suppressing tumor IGF-II secretion, both increase the formation of ternary IGF-IGFBP-3 complexes.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although prednisolone and GH reverse hypoglycemia by different mechanisms, with only prednisolone suppressing tumor IGF-II secretion, both increase the formation of ternary IGF-IGFBP-3 complexes.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome"". The statement discusses the effects of prednisolone on hypoglycemia and tumor IGF-II secretion, as well as its role in forming ternary IGF-IGFBP-3 complexes along with growth hormone (GH). However, it does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome. - Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, also known as Kawasaki disease, is an illness characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body. It is typically associated with fever, rash, swelling of lymph nodes, and inflammation of mucous membranes in the mouth, nose, and throat. There is no mention of prednisolone as a related factor in this condition in the provided statement. + Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome, also known as Kawasaki disease, is an illness characterized by inflammation of blood vessels throughout the body. It is typically associated with fever, rash, swelling of lymph nodes, and inflammation of mucous membranes in the mouth, nose, and throat. While corticosteroids like prednisolone have been used in its treatment, there is no direct link established in the statement between prednisolone and the syndrome itself. - Therefore, based on the information given, there is no indirect support for the connection between prednisolone and mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome." -16114172,Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma,228,"The aqueous extract of Saiboku-to also showed an inhibition of the contact dermatitis, and it significantly potentiated the inhibition of contact dermatitis by prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aqueous extract of Saiboku-to also showed an inhibition of the contact dermatitis, and it significantly potentiated the inhibition of contact dermatitis by prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma."" The statement discusses an inhibitory effect of prednisolone on contact dermatitis when combined with an aqueous extract of Saiboku-to. Plasma cell myeloma is a specific type of cancer involving malignant plasma cells, and there is no mention of it in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not support any relationship between prednisolone and plasma cell myeloma." + Therefore, based on the provided statement, there is no reason to infer a relationship between prednisol" +16114172,Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma,228,"The aqueous extract of Saiboku-to also showed an inhibition of the contact dermatitis, and it significantly potentiated the inhibition of contact dermatitis by prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The aqueous extract of Saiboku-to also showed an inhibition of the contact dermatitis, and it significantly potentiated the inhibition of contact dermatitis by prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma."" The statement discusses an experiment where an aqueous extract of Saiboku-to inhibited contact dermatitis and enhanced prednisolone's inhibition of contact dermatitis. While prednisolone is a glucocorticoid often used in treating plasma cell myeloma, there is no mention of myeloma in the statement; thus, it does not support any relationship between prednisolone and plasma cell myeloma." 14564343,Prednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia,229,Only hydrocortisone and prednisolone suppressed LPS pneumonia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Only hydrocortisone and prednisolone suppressed LPS pneumonia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" - The statement ""Only hydrocortisone and prednisolone suppressed LPS pneumonia"" is discussing the effects of these two drugs on LPS (lipopolysaccharide) pneumonia. It does not provide any information about their relationship with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). - - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of cancer of the blood and bone marrow, while prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid steroid hormone used in various medical treatments, including as an immunosuppressant. The fact that prednisolone has an effect on LPS pneumonia does not imply a relationship with ALL. - - Therefore, without additional evidence linking prednisolone to ALL, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase in question." -13988965,Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis,230,"Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not.""?","No, the statement ""Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis."" - - The statement is about Prednisolone's effect on IDT sensitivity, not its relationship with osteoarthritis. It does not mention osteoarthritis at all, so it cannot provide direct support for the claim that Prednisolone is related to osteoarthritis. - - Indirect support would require some sort of logical connection between Prednisolone inhibiting IDT sensitivity and osteoarthritis. However, there is no such connection mentioned or implied in the statement. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support either. - - It is important to note that while Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in inflammatory conditions like osteoarthritis due to its anti-inflammatory effects, the relationship between Prednisolone and osteoarthritis is complex and not fully understood. Therefore, any claim about their relationship should" -13151963,Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,231,"A comparison with the bronchodilator potency of the above drugs indicated that in guinea pigs salbutamol appears relatively selective as a bronchodilator, prednisolone is selective as an inhibitor of eosinophilia whilst theophylline displays a balance of both activities.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparison with the bronchodilator potency of the above drugs indicated that in guinea pigs salbutamol appears relatively selective as a bronchodilator, prednisolone is selective as an inhibitor of eosinophilia whilst theophylline displays a balance of both activities.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma."" + The statement ""Only hydrocortisone and prednisolone suppressed LPS pneumonia"" is discussing the effects of these two steroids on LPS (lipopolysaccharide) pneumonia. It does not provide any information about acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), which is a type of cancer where the bone marrow makes too many immature white blood cells. - The statement discusses the pharmacological effects of prednisolone, salbutamol, and theophylline in guinea pigs. It mentions that prednisolone is selective as an inhibitor of eosinophilia, which is a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the body. + Prednisolone is indeed a type of steroid often used in cancer treatments due to its anti-inflammatory properties, but its use in ALL is not necessarily related to its ability to suppress LPS pneumonia. Therefore, without further evidence linking prednisolone use to ALL, we cannot infer any relationship between these two entities based on the given statement." +13988965,Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis,230,"Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to osteoarthritis."" The statement ""Prednisolone significantly inhibited the measurable sensitivity of IDT, while oclacitinib did not"" is about Prednisolone's effect on IDT sensitivity, not its relationship to osteoarthritis. IDT likely refers to an Immunodetection Test, but there is no direct or indirect connection made between Prednisolone, IDT sensitivity, and osteoarthritis in this statement." +13151963,Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma,231,"A comparison with the bronchodilator potency of the above drugs indicated that in guinea pigs salbutamol appears relatively selective as a bronchodilator, prednisolone is selective as an inhibitor of eosinophilia whilst theophylline displays a balance of both activities.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A comparison with the bronchodilator potency of the above drugs indicated that in guinea pigs salbutamol appears relatively selective as a bronchodilator, prednisolone is selective as an inhibitor of eosinophilia whilst theophylline displays a balance of both activities.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma."" The statement discusses the pharmacological effects of prednisolone in guinea pigs, specifically its ability to inhibit eosinophilia (a condition characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the blood), not its relationship with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). - Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a type of cancer that affects B-cells, which are a type of white blood cell that is different from eosinophils. The statement does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and DLBCL. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.""" -13151962,Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma,232,Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine.""?","No, the statement ""Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma."" The statement discusses the reduction of prednisolone doses in bronchial asthma through hydroxyzine use but does not mention follicular lymphoma or its relationship with prednisolone. + Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is a type of cancer that affects B-cells (a type of white blood cell). While prednisolone is a corticosteroid that can suppress immune system activity (which could potentially impact cancer growth), there is no mention of such an association in the provided statement. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to infer any connection between prednisolone and DLBCL based on this information alone. - Follicular lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that typically involves B-lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell). Prednisolone is a corticosteroid used in treating various conditions such as asthma, allergies, arthritis, and lymphoma due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, linking prednisolone usage to follicular lymphoma in this context would require more specific information about how prednisolone is related to follicular lymphoma development, progression, or treatment response." -12983495,Prednisolone related to prostate cancer,233,"In contrast, cyclosporin A (CyA), FK-506 and prednisolone significantly inhibited antigen-induced airway inflammation and BHR in sensitized BN rats.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In contrast, cyclosporin A (CyA), FK-506 and prednisolone significantly inhibited antigen-induced airway inflammation and BHR in sensitized BN rats.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to prostate cancer."" The provided quote discusses how prednisolone affects antigen-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in sensitized Brown Norway (BN) rats. It does not mention anything related to prostate cancer. + To establish whether there is any relationship between prednisolone and DLBCL, one would need to review studies specifically designed to investigate that potential link. This might include clinical trials, epidemiological studies, or laboratory experiments designed to assess how prednisolone affects DLBCL cells" +13151962,Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma,232,Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine.""?","No, the statement ""Reduction of maintenance doses of prednisolone in bronchial asthma by the concurrent use of hydroxyzine"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to follicular lymphoma."" - To establish a relationship between prednisolone and prostate cancer, one would need evidence showing that prednisolone has an effect on prostate cancer development, progression, or treatment response in patients or in preclinical models specifically designed for studying prostate cancer. The current statement only addresses pulmonary inflammation in rats, which is not related to prostate cancer in humans." -12510603,Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis,234,[Use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in the prevention of allergic reactions in patients undergoing heart surgery with artificial blood circulation].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in the prevention of allergic reactions in patients undergoing heart surgery with artificial blood circulation].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis."" The statement discusses the use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in preventing allergic reactions in heart surgery patients but does not mention any connection between prednisolone and membranous glomerulonephritis. Membranous glomerulonephritis is a specific kidney condition that would require separate clinical or experimental evidence to link it with prednisolone use." + The statement discusses the reduction of prednisolone doses in bronchial asthma through the concurrent use of hydroxyzine. It does not mention or imply any connection between prednisolone and follicular lymphoma. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as asthma, allergies, and autoimmune disorders due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Follicular lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and its development is associated with genetic factors and immune system dysfunction; however, there is no direct link established between prednisolone use and follicular lymphoma in this statement." +12983495,Prednisolone related to prostate cancer,233,"In contrast, cyclosporin A (CyA), FK-506 and prednisolone significantly inhibited antigen-induced airway inflammation and BHR in sensitized BN rats.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In contrast, cyclosporin A (CyA), FK-506 and prednisolone significantly inhibited antigen-induced airway inflammation and BHR in sensitized BN rats.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to prostate cancer."" The provided quote discusses how prednisolone inhibits antigen-induced airway inflammation and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in sensitized Brown Norway (BN) rats. This information is related to prednisolone's anti-inflammatory properties in lung conditions but does not provide any evidence connecting prednisolone use to prostate cancer risk." +12510603,Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis,234,[Use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in the prevention of allergic reactions in patients undergoing heart surgery with artificial blood circulation].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in the prevention of allergic reactions in patients undergoing heart surgery with artificial blood circulation].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis."" The statement discusses the use of corticosteroids betamethasone and prednisolone in preventing allergic reactions during heart surgery with artificial blood circulation. There is no mention of membranous glomerulonephritis in this context. Membranous glomerulonephritis is a specific kidney disease involving inflammation of the glomeruli, which may be associated with various causes including autoimmune diseases, infections, medications, and cancer but not explicitly linked to prednisolone in this statement." 12496746,Prednisolone related to neoplasm,235,The intra-articular injection of prednisolone was shown to considerably reduce incidence of synovitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The intra-articular injection of prednisolone was shown to considerably reduce incidence of synovitis.""?","No, the statement ""The intra-articular injection of prednisolone was shown to considerably reduce incidence of synovitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to neoplasm"". - The reason is that synovitis and neoplasm (cancer) are two different medical conditions. Synovitis is an inflammation of the synovial membrane, often associated with joint diseases like arthritis. On the other hand, neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth of cells, which can be benign or malignant (cancerous). + The reason is that these two statements discuss different medical conditions. Synovitis is an inflammation of the synovial membrane, which lines joints, while neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth of cells, which can be benign or malignant (cancerous). - While prednisolone, a glucocorticoid steroid, has anti-inflammatory effects and can reduce synovitis incidence, it does not necessarily imply a relationship between prednisolone and neoplasm. In fact, some studies suggest that high-dose glucocorticoids like prednisolone might increase the risk of certain cancers due to their immunosuppressive effects; however, this association is complex and not fully understood. + Although prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation in various conditions including synovitis, there is no direct or indirect link established in these statements between prednisolone use and neoplasm. - Therefore, based on the provided statement alone, there is no indirect support for the connection" + It is important to note that while some medications can have side effects that increase the risk of certain conditions (like some chemotherapy drugs increasing the risk of secondary cancers), this specific statement does not provide evidence for such a link between prednisolone and neoplasm." 12428137,Prednisolone related to croup,236,"Prednisolone (100 mg/die initially, decreasing doses thereafter) led to significant reduction of infiltrates and eosinophilia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to croup"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone (100 mg/die initially, decreasing doses thereafter) led to significant reduction of infiltrates and eosinophilia.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to croup"" from the statement provided. - The statement suggests that Prednisolone treatment led to a significant reduction of infiltrates and eosinophilia. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating croup due to its anti-inflammatory effects, which can help reduce airway swelling caused by viral infections that lead to croup symptoms. + The statement suggests that Prednisolone (a type of corticosteroid) led to a significant reduction in infiltrates and eosinophilia when administered at 100 mg/die initially, decreasing doses thereafter. This finding implies that Prednisolone has an impact on inflammation and immune response, as infiltrates and eosinophilia are both indicators of inflammation in the body. - Although the statement does not explicitly mention croup, it implies that Prednisolone has beneficial effects in treating conditions associated with infiltrates and eosinophilia—which is consistent with its use in croup management. Therefore, while not definitive proof of Prednisolone being specifically related to croup, it does provide indirect support for such a connection based on its known therapeutic applications in related conditions." -12061894,Prednisolone related to West syndrome,237,The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does support the statement that prednisolone may be related to West syndrome. West syndrome is an epileptic disorder characterized by infantile spasms, developmental delay, and hypsarrhythmia on EEG. Although not explicitly stated in the provided information, prednisolone is known as an effective treatment for some cases of West syndrome due to its anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce brain inflammation contributing to seizures. + Croup is an inflammatory disease of the upper airway that typically affects young children. It is characterized by symptoms such as barking cough, stridor (noisy breathing), and hoarseness. Given that Prednisolone has been shown to reduce inflammation in other contexts (as suggested by the statement), it is reasonable to infer that Prednisolone may also be effective in treating croup by reducing inflammation in the upper airway. - The statement ""The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone"" suggests that prednisolone has therapeutic effects in treating certain medical conditions, possibly including brain inflammation associated with West syndrome. While not definitive proof of a direct link between prednisolone and West syndrome treatment, it does provide supporting evidence that prednisolone has beneficial effects in neurological disorders involving inflammation. + However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support for this claim based on the provided statement, direct evidence specifically linking Prednis" +12061894,Prednisolone related to West syndrome,237,The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement ""The tumour was significantly reduced by prednisolone"" suggests that prednisolone has an effect on reducing tumours. West syndrome is a severe epileptic encephalopathy in infants and children, often associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), which is characterized by the development of benign tumours in various organs including the brain. If prednisolone is effective in reducing these tumours, it could potentially have an impact on the severity of West syndrome symptoms. However, this is a very indirect link and more specific evidence would be needed to directly connect prednisolone to West syndrome." +11663099,Prednisolone related to Crohn disease,238,"Prednisolone prevented the development of colitis, but had no effect on already-developed colitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone prevented the development of colitis, but had no effect on already-developed colitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that Prednisolone has an impact on colitis prevention or progression. In Crohn disease, colitis is one of its manifestations. Therefore, if Prednisolone can prevent colitis development as stated, it implies that Prednisolone may have a protective effect against Crohn disease progression, at least in terms of colitis development. However, more direct evidence would be needed to definitively say that Prednisolone is related to Crohn disease prevention or treatment." +11638013,Prednisolone related to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis,239,Alveolar NO concentration was increased in patients with refractory asthma (7.1 ppb) compared with mild-to-moderate asthma (3.4 ppb) and normal controls (3.4 ppb) and reduced by treatment with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alveolar NO concentration was increased in patients with refractory asthma (7.1 ppb) compared with mild-to-moderate asthma (3.4 ppb) and normal controls (3.4 ppb) and reduced by treatment with prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" (EGPA). The statement indicates that prednisolone reduces alveolar nitric oxide (NO) concentration in patients with refractory asthma compared to those with mild-to-moderate asthma and normal controls. This suggests that prednisolone has an impact on airway inflammation since increased alveolar NO concentration is associated with eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma patients (1). - However, it is important to note that further investigation would be necessary for drawing more definitive conclusions about prednisolone's relationship to West syndrome specifically. This could include controlled clinical trials assessing prednisolone's efficacy in treating West syndrome patients or studying its impact on associated inflammat" -11663099,Prednisolone related to Crohn disease,238,"Prednisolone prevented the development of colitis, but had no effect on already-developed colitis.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone prevented the development of colitis, but had no effect on already-developed colitis.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that Prednisolone has an impact on colitis prevention or progression. In Crohn disease, colitis is one of its major manifestations. Therefore, if Prednisolone can prevent the development of colitis (as stated), it could potentially be beneficial in managing Crohn disease, where controlling colitis is a key goal. However, more direct evidence would be needed to definitively link Prednisolone and Crohn disease prevention or treatment." -11638013,Prednisolone related to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis,239,Alveolar NO concentration was increased in patients with refractory asthma (7.1 ppb) compared with mild-to-moderate asthma (3.4 ppb) and normal controls (3.4 ppb) and reduced by treatment with prednisolone.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alveolar NO concentration was increased in patients with refractory asthma (7.1 ppb) compared with mild-to-moderate asthma (3.4 ppb) and normal controls (3.4 ppb) and reduced by treatment with prednisolone.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the connection between Prednisolone and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). The statement indicates that alveolar nitric oxide (NO) concentration is increased in patients with refractory asthma compared to mild-to-moderate asthma and normal controls, and that treatment with prednisolone reduces these concentrations. + EGPA is characterized by necrotizing vasculitis affecting small-to-medium-sized vessels and extravascular granulomas rich in eosinophils (2). Although prednisolone is not specifically related to EGPA in the statement, its effect on reducing alveolar NO concentration implies that it may help control eosinophilic inflammation in general. This is relevant because eosinophilic inflammation is also implicated in EGPA pathogenesis (3). Therefore, prednisolone might" +11213963,Prednisolone related to leprosy,240,"Prednisolone treatment of sensory impairment of the ulnar and posterior tibial nerves detectable with the monofilament test, but not with the ballpen test, did not improve the long-term outcome in terms of recovery of touch sensibility, not did it reduce the risk of leprosy reactions or nerve function impairment beyond the initial 4-month treatment phase.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone treatment of sensory impairment of the ulnar and posterior tibial nerves detectable with the monofilament test, but not with the ballpen test, did not improve the long-term outcome in terms of recovery of touch sensibility, not did it reduce the risk of leprosy reactions or nerve function impairment beyond the initial 4-month treatment phase.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leprosy."" The statement discusses a study where prednisolone was used to treat sensory impairment in patients, but it does not establish a direct link between prednisolone and leprosy. The study only mentions leprosy in relation to potential nerve function impairment as a secondary effect of the disease itself, not as an outcome of prednisolone treatment. Therefore, there is no evidence in this statement that prednisolone has any effect on leprosy or its reactions." +11179224,Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis,241,CONCLUSIONS: Predocol is an oral preparation of a poorly absorbed salt of prednisolone that is effective in reducing inflammation over short treatment periods in patients with active ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Predocol is an oral preparation of a poorly absorbed salt of prednisolone that is effective in reducing inflammation over short treatment periods in patients with active ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis."" The conclusion is about Prednisolone being effective in reducing inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis over short treatment periods. Alcoholic hepatitis is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between Prednisolone and alcoholic hepatitis." +11142916,Prednisolone related to lupus nephritis,242,"Six weeks prior to his symptoms, prednisolone (PSL) and SASP had been started because of UC aggravation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six weeks prior to his symptoms, prednisolone (PSL) and SASP had been started because of UC aggravation.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lupus nephritis"" from the statement provided. Prednisolone is an immunosuppressive medication often used in treating various conditions such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and lupus nephritis (LN). The statement indicates that prednisolone was initiated six weeks prior to symptom onset in relation to UC aggravation. - Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in the treatment of various inflammatory conditions, including EGPA. The reduction in alveolar NO concentration by prednisolone suggests an anti-inflammatory effect, which is consistent with its mechanism of action in treating EGPA. However, it is important to note that while this statement provides indirect evidence supporting a link between Prednisolone and EGPA through its anti-inflammatory effects, it does not directly mention EGPA. Therefore, further investigation would be necessary to establish a direct relationship between Prednisolone and EGPA." -11213963,Prednisolone related to leprosy,240,"Prednisolone treatment of sensory impairment of the ulnar and posterior tibial nerves detectable with the monofilament test, but not with the ballpen test, did not improve the long-term outcome in terms of recovery of touch sensibility, not did it reduce the risk of leprosy reactions or nerve function impairment beyond the initial 4-month treatment phase.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Prednisolone treatment of sensory impairment of the ulnar and posterior tibial nerves detectable with the monofilament test, but not with the ballpen test, did not improve the long-term outcome in terms of recovery of touch sensibility, not did it reduce the risk of leprosy reactions or nerve function impairment beyond the initial 4-month treatment phase.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leprosy."" The statement discusses a study where prednisolone was used to treat sensory impairment in patients, but it does not establish a direct link between prednisolone and leprosy. The study focuses on the effects of prednisolone on sensory impairment recovery and leprosy reactions during the initial 4-month treatment phase, not on its relationship with leprosy itself. Therefore, there is no evidence presented in the statement that prednisolone is related to leprosy in any way." -11179224,Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis,241,CONCLUSIONS: Predocol is an oral preparation of a poorly absorbed salt of prednisolone that is effective in reducing inflammation over short treatment periods in patients with active ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Predocol is an oral preparation of a poorly absorbed salt of prednisolone that is effective in reducing inflammation over short treatment periods in patients with active ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis."" The conclusion is about Predcol, an oral preparation of prednisolone, being effective in treating active ulcerative colitis over short periods by reducing inflammation. Alcoholic hepatitis is not mentioned in the statement; thus, there is no connection established between Prednisolone and alcoholic hepatitis in this context." -11142916,Prednisolone related to lupus nephritis,242,"Six weeks prior to his symptoms, prednisolone (PSL) and SASP had been started because of UC aggravation.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Six weeks prior to his symptoms, prednisolone (PSL) and SASP had been started because of UC aggravation.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the connection between prednisolone (PSL) use and lupus nephritis based on the provided statement. Prednisolone is an immunosuppressive drug often used in treating various conditions such as ulcerative colitis (UC) aggravation, as mentioned in the statement. However, prednisolone is also commonly used in managing lupus nephritis symptoms due to its anti-inflammatory properties. + However, it is essential to acknowledge that correlation does not imply causation. The statement does not explicitly connect prednisolone use to lupus nephritis symptoms in this case. To establish a direct relationship between prednisolone use and lupus nephritis symptoms, further evidence would be required, such as documentation of worsening LN symptoms following prednisolone initiation, laboratory results indicating increased disease activity, or other clinical manifestations consistent with LN flares during treatment. - While the statement does not explicitly link prednisolone use to lupus nephritis in this specific case, it does establish that prednisolone was administered shortly before symptom onset in an individual with UC. This information indirectly supports the possibility of prednisolone being related to lupus nephritis symptoms if the individual also had undiagnosed lupus nephritis at that time. - - It is important to note that correlation does not imply causation; therefore, further investigation would be required for definitive conclusions about any direct relationship between prednisolone use and lupus nephritis in this case." -11037266,Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis,243,"When comparing organ specific, age-adjusted expected versus observed incidences after natural death of animals an increased tumor risk was found in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When comparing organ specific, age-adjusted expected versus observed incidences after natural death of animals an increased tumor risk was found in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis"". + It is also important to consider that prednisolone is frequently used as part of standard therapy for both UC and LN; therefore, its use alone does not necessarily indicate causation for LN symptoms. Nonetheless, based on" +11037266,Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis,243,"When comparing organ specific, age-adjusted expected versus observed incidences after natural death of animals an increased tumor risk was found in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""When comparing organ specific, age-adjusted expected versus observed incidences after natural death of animals an increased tumor risk was found in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis."" The statement discusses an increased tumor risk in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone in animals after natural death. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a form of vasculitis that can be treated using prednisolone among other medications, but it is not directly related to tumor risk or the specific comparison made in the statement." +11013570,Prednisolone related to leukemia,244,"R-CHOP chemotherapy composed of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone which might increase the risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""R-CHOP chemotherapy composed of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone which might increase the risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement does not explicitly link prednisolone to leukemia but it does suggest that prednisolone is part of a chemotherapy regimen (R-CHOP) used for treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma. This implies that prednisolone is used in cancer treatment, which could potentially include leukemia since it is also a type of cancer. Furthermore, chemotherapy is known to increase the risk of secondary cancers, including leukemia, due to its DNA-damaging effects. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect association and does not establish a direct causal link between prednisolone and leukemia." +10949449,Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica,245,"Cortisol deficiency is common in late stage HIV disease, but symptoms of fatigue and postural hypotension, as well as biochemical findings, are poor predictors of cortisol deficiency.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol deficiency is common in late stage HIV disease, but symptoms of fatigue and postural hypotension, as well as biochemical findings, are poor predictors of cortisol deficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica."" - The statement discusses an increased tumor risk in organ systems of all treatment modalities but prednisolone in animals after natural death. This suggests that prednisolone may be associated with a lower tumor risk compared to other treatment modalities in animals, which is not related to granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), a rare autoimmune disease that affects small and medium-sized vessels. + The statement discusses cortisol deficiency in late-stage HIV disease, its symptoms, and poor predictors. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions, including polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). However, there is no direct or indirect connection established between cortisol deficiency in HIV disease and prednisolone use in PMR in the provided statement. - Granulomatosis with polyangiitis is characterized by inflammation of blood vessels and formation of granulomas (clusters of immune cells), which can damage organs such as the lungs, kidneys, and sinuses. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid that is often used in the treatment of GPA due to its anti-inflammatory properties. + Polymyalgia rheumatica is an inflammatory condition characterized by muscle pain and stiffness in the shoulders and hips. Although it has been associated with low cortisol levels in some cases, it is not exclusively tied to cortisol deficiency as seen in HIV patients. Prednisolone is used in PMR treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties rather than its potential impact on cortisol levels in HIV patients. - Therefore, while prednisolone may have an effect on tumor risk in animals, there is no evidence in the statement provided that links prednisolone to granulomatosis with polyangiitis." -11013570,Prednisolone related to leukemia,244,"R-CHOP chemotherapy composed of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone which might increase the risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""R-CHOP chemotherapy composed of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, vincristine, and prednisolone which might increase the risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the connection between Prednisolone and leukemia from the provided statement. The statement indicates that Prednisolone is one of the components of R-CHOP chemotherapy used in treating non-Hodgkin lymphoma patients. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid steroid that can suppress immune function. + Therefore, without further information linking cortisol deficiency in HIV disease to prednisolone use in PMR treatment," +10748640,Prednisolone related to infertility disorder,246,[Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to infertility disorder."" - Although not explicitly stated in the provided context, there is evidence linking prolonged steroid use like Prednisolone to an increased risk of secondary malignancies such as leukemia (Relling et al., 1990; Link et al., 1991). Therefore, while the statement does not explicitly connect Prednisolone to leukemia, it does provide indirect support by mentioning Prednisolone as part of a chemotherapy regimen associated with potential adverse effects like Pneumocystis pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. + The statement ""Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest"" is discussing two hormones, cortisol (a glucocorticoid) and 17-ketosteroids (a group of metabolites that include testosterone), in relation to cardiac arrest. - However, it is essential to note that any claim about Prednisolone causing leukemia should be made cautiously because many factors influence cancer development, including genetics, lifestyle factors, and other environmental exposures. The relationship between" -10949449,Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica,245,"Cortisol deficiency is common in late stage HIV disease, but symptoms of fatigue and postural hypotension, as well as biochemical findings, are poor predictors of cortisol deficiency.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol deficiency is common in late stage HIV disease, but symptoms of fatigue and postural hypotension, as well as biochemical findings, are poor predictors of cortisol deficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to polymyalgia rheumatica."" + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone often used in medical treatments for its anti-inflammatory effects. While it is true that glucocorticoids like prednisolone can impact fertility by suppressing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and gonadal function, the statement provided does not mention prednisolone or infertility. - The statement discusses cortisol deficiency in late-stage HIV disease, its symptoms, and poor predictors. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions, including polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), an inflammatory disease characterized by muscle pain and stiffness in the shoulders and hips. + Therefore, without explicit mention of prednisolone or infertility in the statement, it does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to infertility disorder.""" +10744705,"Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic",247,"Independence of theta and TL surface antigens and killing by thymidine, cortisol, phytohemagglutinin, and cyclic AMP in a murine lymphoma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Independence of theta and TL surface antigens and killing by thymidine, cortisol, phytohemagglutinin, and cyclic AMP in a murine lymphoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic"". - Although both cortisol and prednisolone have glucocorticoid activity, they are not interchangeable in this context. Cortisol deficiency in HIV patients does not necessarily imply that prednisolone would be used as treatment; other factors like inflammation drive PMR treatment decisions. Therefore, without additional information linking prednisolone use, PMR, and HIV/AIDS, there is no clear relationship suggested by these statements." -10748640,Prednisolone related to infertility disorder,246,[Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest].""?","No, the statement ""Plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to infertility disorder."" + The statement discusses the independence of certain surface antigens in murine lymphoma cells and their response to various substances including cortisol, but it does not mention prednisolone nor does it provide any context that would suggest a link between prednisolone and atopic dermatitis. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used in various medical conditions for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It is not inherently related to infertility disorders. However, long-term use of glucocorticoids like prednisolone can have side effects such as menstrual irregularities in women, which might indirectly affect fertility through hormonal imbalances. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory effects. Atopic dermatitis is one such condition where prednisolone might be used. However, this statement does not provide any evidence or implications about such usage or relationship. - The statement about plasma cortisol and 17-ketosteroids in urine in relation to cardiac arrest refers to cortisol, which is a natural glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress. 17-ketosteroids are metabolites of steroid hormones including androgens and corticosteroids. While these markers can be influenced by glucocorticoid use (such as prednisolone), they" -10744705,"Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic",247,"Independence of theta and TL surface antigens and killing by thymidine, cortisol, phytohemagglutinin, and cyclic AMP in a murine lymphoma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Independence of theta and TL surface antigens and killing by thymidine, cortisol, phytohemagglutinin, and cyclic AMP in a murine lymphoma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic."" The statement discusses the independence of certain surface antigens in murine lymphoma cells in relation to killing by various substances including cortisol, but it does not mention prednisolone nor does it discuss dermatitis or atopic conditions. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in dermatology for its anti-inflammatory effects in conditions like atopic dermatitis. However, without specific evidence linking prednisolone to dermatitis in the context provided, no supportive relationship can be inferred from the given statement." + Therefore, without further information connecting prednisolone and atopic dermatitis, one cannot infer support for the given phrase from the provided statement." 10736101,Prednisolone related to Graves disease,248,"Furthermore, this treatment process demonstrated the superior anti-inflammatory effect of prednisolone over that of hydrocortisone and supported the assumption of inflammation related to CD.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Graves disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Furthermore, this treatment process demonstrated the superior anti-inflammatory effect of prednisolone over that of hydrocortisone and supported the assumption of inflammation related to CD.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions that prednisolone has a superior anti-inflammatory effect compared to hydrocortisone and supports the assumption of inflammation related to CD (presumably an abbreviation for a condition). Graves disease is indeed associated with inflammation, particularly in its early stages. Therefore, if prednisolone is effective at reducing inflammation, it could potentially be beneficial in managing symptoms of Graves disease. However, this is an indirect inference and does not explicitly state that prednisolone is related to Graves disease. It would require further direct evidence to confirm such a relationship." -10735679,Prednisolone related to kidney disorder,249,"Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression was used to evaluate whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers-urinary cortisol and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), epinephrine and norepinephrine-and two composite summary scores, each consisting of two components that characterize the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis and sympathetic nervous systems (SNS), respectively.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression was used to evaluate whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers-urinary cortisol and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), epinephrine and norepinephrine-and two composite summary scores, each consisting of two components that characterize the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis and sympathetic nervous systems (SNS), respectively.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to kidney disorder"". The statement discusses an OLS regression study that evaluated whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers related to the HPA-axis and SNS systems. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used as an anti-inflammatory medication and immunosuppressant, and kidney disorders can be among its side effects. However, there is no mention of Prednisolone or kidney disorders in the provided statement." -10715297,Prednisolone related to keratitis,250,"CONCLUSION: In patients with septic shock, low-dose hydrocortisone was associated with a lower risk of developing AF during the acute phase.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to keratitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In patients with septic shock, low-dose hydrocortisone was associated with a lower risk of developing AF during the acute phase.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to keratitis."" The conclusion in the statement refers to low-dose hydrocortisone being associated with a lower risk of developing atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with septic shock during the acute phase. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid medication commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects, while keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea that can have various causes. There is no mention of Prednisolone or keratitis in the provided statement; thus, it does not offer any support for the connection between Prednisolone and keratitis." -10703266,Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis,251,"The incidence of psychological symptoms as somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, phobia, and nonspecific symptoms is statistically increased in pregnant women with elevated morning cortisol, but in women with elevated afternoon cortisol also occurring aggressiveness and paranoia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The incidence of psychological symptoms as somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, phobia, and nonspecific symptoms is statistically increased in pregnant women with elevated morning cortisol, but in women with elevated afternoon cortisol also occurring aggressiveness and paranoia.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis."" The statement discusses the psychological symptoms associated with elevated cortisol levels in pregnant women, both in the morning and afternoon. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions, including ulcerative colitis, but it is not explicitly mentioned or implied in the provided statement. Therefore, no connection can be inferred between Prednisolone and ulcerative colitis based on this information alone." -10687782,Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma,252,How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis.""?","No, the statement ""How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma."" +10735679,Prednisolone related to kidney disorder,249,"Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression was used to evaluate whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers-urinary cortisol and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), epinephrine and norepinephrine-and two composite summary scores, each consisting of two components that characterize the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis and sympathetic nervous systems (SNS), respectively.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ordinary least squared (OLS) regression was used to evaluate whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers-urinary cortisol and serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), epinephrine and norepinephrine-and two composite summary scores, each consisting of two components that characterize the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA)-axis and sympathetic nervous systems (SNS), respectively.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to kidney disorder."" The provided statement discusses an OLS regression study that evaluated whether race moderated the associations between alcohol abuse and four biomarkers related to the HPA-axis and SNS systems. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various medical conditions such as allergies, arthritis, and asthma; it is not mentioned in the statement. Additionally, kidney disorder is not addressed in any way in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection between the information provided in the statement and the claim about Prednisolone being related to kidney disorder." +10715297,Prednisolone related to keratitis,250,"CONCLUSION: In patients with septic shock, low-dose hydrocortisone was associated with a lower risk of developing AF during the acute phase.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to keratitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In patients with septic shock, low-dose hydrocortisone was associated with a lower risk of developing AF during the acute phase.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to keratitis."" The conclusion in the statement refers to low-dose hydrocortisone being associated with a lower risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with septic shock during the acute phase. Prednisolone is a different glucocorticoid medication than hydrocortisone, and keratitis is an inflammation of the cornea that is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection between prednisolone and keratitis in this context." +10703266,Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis,251,"The incidence of psychological symptoms as somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, phobia, and nonspecific symptoms is statistically increased in pregnant women with elevated morning cortisol, but in women with elevated afternoon cortisol also occurring aggressiveness and paranoia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The incidence of psychological symptoms as somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, phobia, and nonspecific symptoms is statistically increased in pregnant women with elevated morning cortisol, but in women with elevated afternoon cortisol also occurring aggressiveness and paranoia.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to ulcerative colitis."" The statement discusses the psychological symptoms associated with elevated cortisol levels in pregnant women, but it does not mention Prednisolone or ulcerative colitis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various conditions for its anti-inflammatory effects, including ulcerative colitis management. However, the statement does not establish any connection between Prednisolone and ulcerative colitis. Therefore, it does not support the phrase in question." +10687782,Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma,252,How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis.""?","No, the statement ""How stress gets under the skin: cortisol and stress reactivity in psoriasis"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hepatocellular carcinoma."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used in various medical treatments to reduce inflammation. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of liver cancer. While both prednisolone and stress reactivity (mediated by cortisol) may have effects on inflammation and immune response, they represent different biological processes and substances. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of liver cancer. While both prednisolone and stress (which can increase cortisol levels) can have effects on the liver, there is no inherent connection between prednisolone use and hepatocellular carcinoma suggested in the provided statement. - The statement in question discusses cortisol's role in stress reactivity in psoriasis, which is an immune-mediated skin disease. Cortisol is a natural hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress; it functions in part by reducing inflammation in the body. Although glucocorticoids like prednisolone act similarly by suppressing inflammation, they have different origins (synthetic vs natural) and mechanisms of action in the body. + The statement discusses cortisol, a stress hormone, and its relationship to psoriasis, an inflammatory skin condition. It does not mention prednisolone or liver cancer. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the proposed connection between prednisolone and hepatocellular carcinoma. - Therefore, there is no clear connection between stress" + However, it is important to note that long-term use of high-dose corticosteroids like prednis" 10623724,Prednisolone related to hemolytic anemia,253,Absorption of hydrocortisone from the skin reservoir in atopic dermatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hemolytic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Absorption of hydrocortisone from the skin reservoir in atopic dermatitis.""?","No, the statement ""Absorption of hydrocortisone from the skin reservoir in atopic dermatitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hemolytic anemia."" - The two statements discuss different corticosteroids (hydrocortisone vs prednisolone) and their distinct effects on the body (skin absorption vs potential hemolytic anemia). Hemolytic anemia is an adverse effect associated mainly with certain medications like prednisolone, while hydrocortisone is more commonly linked to dermatological applications due to its anti-inflammatory properties. + The two statements discuss different corticosteroids (hydrocortisone vs prednisolone) and their distinct effects on the body (skin absorption vs potential hemolytic anemia). Hemolytic anemia is an adverse effect that has been associated mainly with certain corticosteroids like prednisone and prednisolone but not hydrocortisone. - Although both hydrocortisone and prednisolone belong to the same class of drugs (glucocorticoids), they have different pharmacological profiles that can impact various organ systems differently. Therefore, evidence supporting an association between hydrocortisone and hemolytic anemia would be required to establish any indirect link between prednisolone and hemolytic anemia based on their shared classification as glucocorticoids. + Therefore, since there is no direct nor indirect connection between these two statements in terms of their respective corticosteroids or associated adverse effects, one cannot infer that prednisolone is related to hemolytic anemia based on hydrocortisone absorption in atopic dermatitis alone. - In summary, while both drugs" -10576837,Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis,254,OBJECTIVE: To assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and the association of steroid use with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and the association of steroid use with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis."" The objective of the study mentioned is to assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and their association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the objective, nor is juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Therefore, it does not offer any form of support for the given phrase." + However, it is essential to note that both hydrocortisone and prednisolone belong to the same class of medications (glucocorticoids), which can potentially cause various adverse effects depending on individual patient factors," +10576837,Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis,254,OBJECTIVE: To assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and the association of steroid use with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and the association of steroid use with the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to juvenile idiopathic arthritis"". The objective of the study mentioned is to assess dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HC) use in premature infants over time and their association with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) at 36 weeks postmenstrual age. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the objective, nor is juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Therefore, it does not offer any form of support for the given phrase." 10565620,Prednisolone related to nephrotic syndrome,255,Increased ratio of mRNA expression of the genes CYP17 and CYP11B1 indicates autonomous cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to nephrotic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Increased ratio of mRNA expression of the genes CYP17 and CYP11B1 indicates autonomous cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to nephrotic syndrome."" - The statement discusses the relationship between an increased ratio of mRNA expression of the genes CYP17 and CYP11B1 and autonomous cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors. While Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid often used in treating nephrotic syndrome, there is no mention of Prednisolone in the statement, nor is there any connection made between cortisol production and Prednisolone or nephrotic syndrome. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to nephrotic syndrome"" from this statement alone." -10531966,Prednisolone related to allergic disease,256,"It is concluded that bile acids are potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD and, therefore, could participate in abnormalities of cortisol metabolism observed in liver cirrhosis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction and, possibly, after ingestion of bile acids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that bile acids are potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD and, therefore, could participate in abnormalities of cortisol metabolism observed in liver cirrhosis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction and, possibly, after ingestion of bile acids.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic disease."" + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating nephrotic syndrome, but it is not explicitly mentioned in the provided statement about mRNA expression ratios of CYP17 and CYP11B1 in adrenocortical tumors. The statement discusses cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors but does not connect it to Prednisolone usage or nephrotic syndrome occurrence. - The statement discusses the role of bile acids as potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD (11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in cortisol metabolism. This could potentially explain abnormalities in cortisol metabolism observed in liver cirrhosis, extrahepatic biliary obstruction, and possibly after ingestion of bile acids. + The mRNA expression ratios of CYP17 and CYP11B1 can indicate autonomous cortisol production in adrenocortical tumors; however, autonomous cortisol production is not synonymous with Prednisolone usage in nephrotic syndrome cases. Therefore, while both Prednisolone usage in nephrotic syndrome treatment and mRNA expression ratios of CYP17 and CYP11B1 in adrenocortical tumors may be related to cortisol production, there is no explicit connection between them in the given statement" +10531966,Prednisolone related to allergic disease,256,"It is concluded that bile acids are potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD and, therefore, could participate in abnormalities of cortisol metabolism observed in liver cirrhosis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction and, possibly, after ingestion of bile acids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It is concluded that bile acids are potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD and, therefore, could participate in abnormalities of cortisol metabolism observed in liver cirrhosis and extrahepatic biliary obstruction and, possibly, after ingestion of bile acids.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to allergic disease."" The conclusion in the statement is about bile acids being potent endogenous inhibitors of 11 beta-HSD, which could potentially influence cortisol metabolism abnormalities in certain medical conditions. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and is not directly related to bile acids or allergic disease based on this information alone. - Prednisolone, on the other hand, is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in the treatment of various conditions such as allergies, asthma, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancer. It works by mimicking the effects of natural hormones produced by the adrenal glands, such as cortisol. - - While both Prednisolone and bile acids have connections to cortisol metabolism, the statement does not provide any link between Prednisolone and allergic disease, nor does it suggest any relationship between" + However, it is important to note that Prednisolone is sometimes used in treating allergic conditions due to its immunosuppressive properties; therefore, further context is required to establish any potential connection between Prednisolone use in allergic disease and bile acids as mentioned in the statement. Nonetheless, based on the provided statement alone, there is no clear relationship established between Prednisolone and allergic disease in relation to bile acids or their effects on cortisol metabolism." 10527508,Prednisolone related to acute myeloid leukemia,257,"The plasma cortisol concentration was significantly higher in both DD groups before treatment than in the control group, and it decreased significantly after hoof trimming in the trimmed group.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The plasma cortisol concentration was significantly higher in both DD groups before treatment than in the control group, and it decreased significantly after hoof trimming in the trimmed group.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to acute myeloid leukemia."" - The statement discusses changes in plasma cortisol concentration in response to hoof trimming in different groups, but it does not mention Prednisolone or acute myeloid leukemia at all. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various medical conditions due to its anti-inflammatory effects; it is not inherently related to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a type of cancer that affects the bone marrow and blood cells; cortisol and its synthetic analogs like Prednisolone have not been established as significant risk factors for AML development. + The statement discusses the plasma cortisol concentration in different groups before and after treatment, specifically in relation to hoof trimming. Cortisol is a steroid hormone that the body produces in response to stress; it is not Prednisolone, which is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used in medical treatments for various conditions such as allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and even some types of cancer (including acute myeloid leukemia). + + While both cortisol and Prednisolone have similar effects in the body due to their glucocorticoid activity (e.g., suppressing inflammation), they are not the same substance. Therefore, any changes in cortisol levels before and after treatment do not necessarily imply any relationship between Prednisolone and acute myeloid leukemia. - Therefore, without any direct or indirect connection between Prednisolone and acute myeloid leukemia in the statement provided, it cannot be said that there is support for that phrase based on that information alone. It is essential always to consider carefully the specific details of each study when interpreting its implications for broader concepts in order to avoid drawing inaccurate conclusions based on insufficient evidence" + To establish such a relationship, direct evidence would be required, such as epidemiological studies showing an association between Prednisolone use and acute" 10503828,Prednisolone related to seasonal allergic rhinitis,258,Hydrocortisone in culture protects the blast cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia from the lethal effects of cytosine arabinoside.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to seasonal allergic rhinitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone in culture protects the blast cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia from the lethal effects of cytosine arabinoside.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to seasonal allergic rhinitis."" - The statement discusses the protective effects of Hydrocortisone on blast cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia when exposed to cytosine arabinoside. This finding is relevant to understanding leukemia treatments but does not provide any connection to Prednisolone or seasonal allergic rhinitis. + The statement discusses the protective effects of Hydrocortisone on blast cells in acute myeloblastic leukemia when exposed to cytosine arabinoside. This finding is relevant to leukemia treatment and drug interactions but does not relate to Prednisolone or seasonal allergic rhinitis. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various clinical settings such as inflammatory conditions and autoimmune disorders but not specifically mentioned in relation to seasonal allergic rhinitis in current literature. Seasonal allergic rhinitis is typically associated with histamine release in response to allergens like pollen, rather than glucocorticoid treatments like Prednisolone. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily in treating various inflammatory diseases such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis. Seasonal allergic rhinitis is typically managed by avoiding allergens and using medications such as antihistamines, decongestants, or intranasal corticosteroids (e.g., fluticasone). - Therefore, without further information linking Hydrocortisone, Prednisolone, and seasonal allergic rhinitis, it is not reasonable to infer any relationship between them based on these statements alone." + Although Prednisolone has anti-inflammatory properties like Hydrocortisone, their applications differ significantly based on their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics profiles. Therefore, evidence supporting one drug's efficacy" 10496403,Prednisolone related to Inflammation,259,Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion in Addison's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion in Addison's disease.""?","No, the statement ""Continuous subcutaneous hydrocortisone infusion in Addison's disease"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Inflammation."" - The statement discusses the use of hydrocortisone in Addison's disease, which is a condition characterized by insufficient production of hormones by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in replacement therapy for Addison's disease patients due to its glucocorticoid activity, which helps regulate metabolism and immune response. + The statement discusses the use of hydrocortisone in Addison's disease, which is a condition characterized by insufficient production of hormones by the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid that can help replace these missing hormones. + + Prednisolone, on the other hand, is also a corticosteroid but it is not the same as hydrocortisone. While both hydrocortisone and prednisolone can have anti-inflammatory effects, they are not interchangeable in terms of their clinical use and effects on the body. + + Therefore, the statement about hydrocortisone infusion in Addison's disease does not provide any relevant information about prednisolone or its relationship to inflammation. + + It is important to note that while corticosteroids like prednisolone can reduce inflammation," +10118116,Prednisolone related to Prednisone,260,The current findings underline the relevance of cortisol and DHEA assessments and the need for further scrutiny of their interplay to foster our understanding of the biological basis of stress regulation in BPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The current findings underline the relevance of cortisol and DHEA assessments and the need for further scrutiny of their interplay to foster our understanding of the biological basis of stress regulation in BPD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone."" The statement discusses cortisol and DHEA assessments in relation to stress regulation in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Prednisolone and Prednisone are both synthetic glucocorticoids used in medical treatments but they are not mentioned nor implied in the provided context. Therefore, it is not appropriate to make such a connection based on this statement alone." +9924521,Prednisolone related to colitis,261,"This hypoxia-specific increase in surface beta-adrenoreceptors was significantly enhanced in the cortisol-treated erythrocytes, showing that cortisol had a significant impact on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics in addition to the direct influence of hypoxia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This hypoxia-specific increase in surface beta-adrenoreceptors was significantly enhanced in the cortisol-treated erythrocytes, showing that cortisol had a significant impact on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics in addition to the direct influence of hypoxia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to colitis."" The statement discusses the effect of cortisol on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics under hypoxic conditions. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as colitis; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the given statement. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between Prednisolone and colitis from this information alone." +9437304,Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus,262,"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is a disorder of the adrenal cortex characterised by cortisol deficiency, with or without aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is a disorder of the adrenal cortex characterised by cortisol deficiency, with or without aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus"". + + The statement discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which is caused by a deficiency of 21-hydroxylase, leading to cortisol deficiency, possible aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders like systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). - Prednisolone is another type of corticosteroid but is not mentioned in the statement provided. While both hydrocortisone and prednisolone have anti-inflammatory properties due to their glucocorticoid activity, they have different potencies and pharmacokinetic profiles. + While both CAH and SLE involve corticosteroid hormones (cortisol in CAH and both cortisol and other hormones in SLE), there is no direct connection between CAH and SLE mentioned in either statement. Prednisolone is used in treating SLE but is not inherently related to CAH beyond its function as a glucocorticoid hormone. - Therefore, without additional evidence linking prednisolone specifically to inflammation in the context of Addison's disease or any related condition, it is not possible to infer a relationship between prednisolone and inflamm" -10118116,Prednisolone related to Prednisone,260,The current findings underline the relevance of cortisol and DHEA assessments and the need for further scrutiny of their interplay to foster our understanding of the biological basis of stress regulation in BPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The current findings underline the relevance of cortisol and DHEA assessments and the need for further scrutiny of their interplay to foster our understanding of the biological basis of stress regulation in BPD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone."" The statement discusses cortisol and DHEA assessments in relation to stress regulation in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Prednisolone and Prednisone are both synthetic glucocorticoids used in medical treatment but they are not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that would suggest Prednisolone is related to Prednisone in any way." -9924521,Prednisolone related to colitis,261,"This hypoxia-specific increase in surface beta-adrenoreceptors was significantly enhanced in the cortisol-treated erythrocytes, showing that cortisol had a significant impact on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics in addition to the direct influence of hypoxia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This hypoxia-specific increase in surface beta-adrenoreceptors was significantly enhanced in the cortisol-treated erythrocytes, showing that cortisol had a significant impact on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics in addition to the direct influence of hypoxia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to colitis."" The statement discusses the effect of cortisol on erythrocyte beta-adrenoreceptor dynamics under hypoxic conditions. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used as an anti-inflammatory drug in treating various conditions like colitis; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any backing for the connection between Prednisolone and colitis." -9437304,Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus,262,"Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is a disorder of the adrenal cortex characterised by cortisol deficiency, with or without aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to deficiency of 21-hydroxylase is a disorder of the adrenal cortex characterised by cortisol deficiency, with or without aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus."" The statement discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), which is caused by deficiency of 21-hydroxylase leading to cortisol deficiency, aldosterone deficiency, and androgen excess. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treatment of various conditions including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but it is not inherently related to CAH. The two topics are distinct without overlap in context provided by the statement." -9282196,Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis,263,"Changes of smoking behavior and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, prolactin, and endogenous opioids levels in nicotine dependence after naltrexone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Changes of smoking behavior and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, prolactin, and endogenous opioids levels in nicotine dependence after naltrexone treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis."" The statement discusses changes in smoking behavior and certain hormone levels after naltrexone treatment, which is unrelated to prednisolone or IgA glomerulonephritis. IgA glomerulonephritis is a kidney disease often associated with smoking, but prednisolone is a corticosteroid used to treat various conditions including some kidney diseases, so they are different concepts." + Therefore, these statements do not provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone related to systemic lupus ery" +9282196,Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis,263,"Changes of smoking behavior and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, prolactin, and endogenous opioids levels in nicotine dependence after naltrexone treatment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Changes of smoking behavior and serum adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, prolactin, and endogenous opioids levels in nicotine dependence after naltrexone treatment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis."" The statement discusses changes in smoking behavior and certain hormone levels after naltrexone treatment, which is unrelated to prednisolone or IgA glomerulonephritis. IgA glomerulonephritis is an autoimmune kidney disease, while prednisolone is a corticosteroid used in treating various conditions such as inflammation and allergies. The connection between these entities and the information provided in the statement is tenuous at best." 9222009,Prednisolone related to hypereosinophilic syndrome,264,We hypothesize that hydrocortisone infusion in severe community-acquired pneumonia attenuates systemic inflammation and leads to earlier resolution of pneumonia and a reduction in sepsis-related complications.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We hypothesize that hydrocortisone infusion in severe community-acquired pneumonia attenuates systemic inflammation and leads to earlier resolution of pneumonia and a reduction in sepsis-related complications.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hypereosinophilic syndrome"". - The statement discusses hydrocortisone infusion in severe community-acquired pneumonia, its potential effects on systemic inflammation, and its impact on the resolution of pneumonia and sepsis-related complications. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to prednisolone, but they are not identical. + The statement discusses hydrocortisone infusion in severe community-acquired pneumonia and its potential effects on systemic inflammation, resolution of pneumonia, and reduction of sepsis-related complications. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to prednisolone, but they are not identical. - Moreover, hypereosinophilic syndrome is a group of disorders characterized by an overproduction of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell, which is not directly mentioned in the statement. Therefore, while the statement may suggest a potential relationship between corticosteroids (like hydrocortisone and prednisolone) and inflammation in certain contexts, it does not specifically support a link between prednisolone and hypereosinophilic syndrome." -9216084,Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma,265,A prospective study was performed to investigate the combination of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in androgen-independent prostate cancer with changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level as main determinant for response.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A prospective study was performed to investigate the combination of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in androgen-independent prostate cancer with changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level as main determinant for response.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma."" The prospective study mentioned in the statement investigates the combination of aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in treating androgen-independent prostate cancer. The main determinant for response is changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level. Prednisolone is not mentioned in this context, nor is there any connection made between the drugs being studied (aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between Prednisolone and non-Hodgkin lymphoma from this statement." -9208405,Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy,266,"To investigate the time courses of the effects of the exogenous glucocorticoid agonists dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HYD) and a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU-38486), and to characterize the local and systemic responses in experimental AP.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To investigate the time courses of the effects of the exogenous glucocorticoid agonists dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HYD) and a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU-38486), and to characterize the local and systemic responses in experimental AP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy"". The statement discusses an investigation into the effects of certain glucocorticoid agonists (dexamethasone and hydrocortisone) and an antagonist (RU-38486) in experimental animals (AP). Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between glucocorticoids and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between Prednisolone and Duchenne muscular dystrophy from this statement alone." -8405261,Prednisolone related to asthma,267,[The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to asthma."" The statement ""The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct"" primarily discusses the adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in the context of myocardial infarction (heart attack) experiments. + Moreover, hypereosinophilic syndrome is a condition characterized by an elevated eosinophil count in the blood (greater than 1500 eosinophils per microliter), which can lead to tissue damage if left untreated. The statement does not mention or imply any connection between corticosteroid use (hydrocortisone) and hypereosinophilic syndrome. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to hypereosinophilic syndrome""." +9216084,Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma,265,A prospective study was performed to investigate the combination of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in androgen-independent prostate cancer with changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level as main determinant for response.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A prospective study was performed to investigate the combination of the aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in androgen-independent prostate cancer with changes in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level as main determinant for response.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma."" The prospective study mentioned in the statement investigates the combination of aromatase inhibitor aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone in treating androgen-independent prostate cancer. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any connection made between the drugs being studied (aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any relationship between Prednisolone and non-Hodgkin lymphoma based on this statement alone." +9208405,Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy,266,"To investigate the time courses of the effects of the exogenous glucocorticoid agonists dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HYD) and a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU-38486), and to characterize the local and systemic responses in experimental AP.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To investigate the time courses of the effects of the exogenous glucocorticoid agonists dexamethasone (DEX) and hydrocortisone (HYD) and a glucocorticoid antagonist (RU-38486), and to characterize the local and systemic responses in experimental AP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Duchenne muscular dystrophy."" The statement discusses an investigation into the effects of certain glucocorticoid agonists (dexamethasone and hydrocortisone) and an antagonist (RU-38486) in experimental animals (AP). Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between glucocorticoids and Duchenne muscular dystrophy in the provided context. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer any relationship between Prednisolone and Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on this statement alone." +8405261,Prednisolone related to asthma,267,[The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to asthma."" The statement ""The adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in experimental myocardial infarct"" pertains specifically to the adrenal cortex and hydrocortisone metabolism in the context of myocardial infarction (heart attack). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, which shares some properties with hydrocortisone (a natural glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex), but it is not explicitly mentioned in the statement. Furthermore, while glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can be used in treating asthma symptoms due to their anti-inflammatory effects, there is no direct connection made between Prednisolone and asthma in the statement provided." +7844202,Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,268,[Intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) in arthritis and osteoarthritis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) in arthritis and osteoarthritis].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" because it discusses intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) usage in arthritis and osteoarthritis, which is unrelated to Prednisolone and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily in treating various inflammatory diseases like asthma, allergies, and autoimmune conditions; it is not typically associated with COPD treatment. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone similar to hydrocortisone (a natural glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal gland), but it is not explicitly mentioned in the statement. Although both Prednisolone and hydrocortisone have anti-inflammatory effects and can be used in treating asthma symptoms, there is no direct connection made between Prednisolone and asthma in the statement provided. + The statement provided focuses on hydrocortisone usage in arthritis and osteoarthritis management; hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid that has anti-inflammatory properties but is structurally different from Prednisolone. Therefore, it does not provide any relevant context or evidence linking Prednisolone to COPD. - To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone related to asthma,"" there would need to be some reference made to its application in asthma treatment, its effects on asthma symptoms, or its relationship with asthma pathophysiology in the statement. As it stands, there" -7844202,Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,268,[Intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) in arthritis and osteoarthritis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) in arthritis and osteoarthritis].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses intraarticular hydrocortisone (cortril) usage in arthritis and osteoarthritis but does not mention Prednisolone nor its relation to COPD. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions like asthma, allergies, and autoimmune diseases. COPD is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases. Although both Prednisolone and hydrocortisone belong to the glucocorticoid class of drugs, they have different therapeutic indications, dosages, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics properties that make them unique in their clinical applications." -7323744,Prednisolone related to pemphigus,269,[Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pemphigus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases].""?","No, the statement ""[Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases]"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pemphigus."" + It is essential to ensure that any evidence used for supporting scientific claims is both relevant and accurate in order to maintain credibility in research and avoid drawing misleading conclusions based on unrelated information." +7323744,Prednisolone related to pemphigus,269,[Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pemphigus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases].""?","No, the statement ""Use of cortisone and hydrocortisone in eye diseases"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pemphigus."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in dermatology for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder affecting the skin and mucous membranes. Although prednisolone can be used in treating pemphigus due to its immunosuppressive effects, cortisone and hydrocortisone belong to a different class of corticosteroids (glucocorticoids) that primarily exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in dermatology for its anti-inflammatory properties, while cortisone and hydrocortisone are naturally occurring glucocorticoids also used for their anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions including eye diseases. Although all three compounds belong to the glucocorticoid class of steroid hormones, they do not specifically indicate any relationship between prednisolone and pemphigus in the given statement. - The statement only mentions cortisone and hydrocortisone being used in eye diseases without any reference to pemphigus or prednisolone. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that would support a relationship between prednisolone and pemphigus in this instance." -7262473,Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis,270,[Topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement refers to the topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa, which is an inflammation of the outer ear canal. Prednisolone is a different glucocorticoid medication often used in systemic treatment for various conditions including rheumatoid arthritis, but the statement does not make any connection between prednisolone and rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, there is no implicit support for the phrase in question." + Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder affecting mucous membranes and skin. The relationship between prednisolone and pemphigus is usually in the context of treatment since glucocorticoids like prednisolone can help manage pemphigus symptoms by suppressing the immune system response responsible for blister formation. However, no such context is provided in the statement about cortisone and hydrocortisone use" +7262473,Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis,270,[Topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa].""?","No, the statement ""Topical use of hydrocortisone in otitis externa"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis."" + + The reason is that these two statements discuss different medical conditions and treatments. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid used topically for treating inflammation in otitis externa (outer ear infection). Prednisolone is another corticosteroid but is often used systemically (orally) for treating various conditions including rheumatoid arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory effects. + + While both compounds belong to the same class of drugs (corticosteroids), their specific uses and indications vary based on factors such as pharmacokinetics, potency, and route of administration. Therefore, one cannot infer a relationship between Prednisolone and rheumatoid arthritis based on the provided statement about hydrocortisone use in otitis externa." 7206314,Prednisolone related to pulmonary tuberculosis,271,The use of hydrocortisone in ulcerative colitis: preliminary observations.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The use of hydrocortisone in ulcerative colitis: preliminary observations.""?","No, the statement ""The use of hydrocortisone in ulcerative colitis: preliminary observations"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to pulmonary tuberculosis."" - The reason is that these two statements discuss different subjects. The first statement is about the use of hydrocortisone in treating ulcerative colitis, which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, the second statement is not about Prednisolone or its relation to pulmonary tuberculosis. + The statement discusses the use of hydrocortisone in ulcerative colitis, which is a type of inflammatory bowel disease. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to prednisolone, but they are not identical drugs and have different pharmacological properties. + + Moreover, the statement does not mention pulmonary tuberculosis at all. Therefore, even indirectly, there is no connection between the two phrases in terms of their subject matter or implications. + + It is important in science to critically evaluate each piece of evidence in its own context and not draw broad conclusions without substantial evidence. This helps maintain the integrity of scientific inquiry and prevents the dissemination of misinformation." +8856354,Prednisolone related to Prednisone,272,It can therefore be concluded that ointments containing either only E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone provide significant relief in perianal eczema as well as in early stages of hemorrhoidal disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It can therefore be concluded that ointments containing either only E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone provide significant relief in perianal eczema as well as in early stages of hemorrhoidal disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone."" The statement discusses the therapeutic effects of ointments containing Escherichia coli BCS (BCS) alone or in combination with hydrocortisone on perianal eczema and early stages of hemorrhoidal disease. Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids but unrelated to E. coli BCS or hydrocortisone in this context. + + To establish a relationship between Prednisolone and Prednisone in this context, there would need to be specific evidence linking these two corticosteroids in terms of their effects on perianal eczema or hemorrhoidal disease. As it stands, there is no mention of Prednisolone or Prednisone in the provided statement; therefore, no indirect support can be inferred." +26879702,Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia,273,The effect on cortisol supports the above conclusion and is consistent with HPA axis perturbation in opioid dependence as reported in other studies and extends these observations to stable methadone-maintained patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect on cortisol supports the above conclusion and is consistent with HPA axis perturbation in opioid dependence as reported in other studies and extends these observations to stable methadone-maintained patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement discusses the effect of cortisol in opioid dependence and its consistency with other studies on methadone-maintained patients. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders; it has no direct connection to acute lymphoblastic leukemia based on the provided statement." +26670577,Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma,274,Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of a replacement therapy with hydrocortisone in severe sepsis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of a replacement therapy with hydrocortisone in severe sepsis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma."" The statement discusses randomized controlled trials that evaluate the efficacy of hydrocortisone replacement therapy in severe sepsis patients. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects; it is not inherently related to plasma cell myeloma, which is a type of cancer involving plasma cells. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions while pulmonary tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although both Prednisolone and hydrocortisone belong to the same class of steroid hormones (glucocorticoids), they are not interchangeable in all situations, nor does one being used for treating an unrelated condition (ulcerative colitis) imply anything about its potential effects on pulmonary tuberculosis." -8856354,Prednisolone related to Prednisone,272,It can therefore be concluded that ointments containing either only E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone provide significant relief in perianal eczema as well as in early stages of hemorrhoidal disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It can therefore be concluded that ointments containing either only E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone provide significant relief in perianal eczema as well as in early stages of hemorrhoidal disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone related to Prednisone."" The conclusion in the statement is about ointments containing E. coli BCS or a combination of BCS and hydrocortisone providing significant relief in perianal eczema and early stages of hemorrhoidal disease. There is no mention or implication of Prednisolone or its relationship to Prednisone in the statement. Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids but they are not interchangeable terms in this context as there is no direct comparison being made between them in the provided statement." -26879702,Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia,273,The effect on cortisol supports the above conclusion and is consistent with HPA axis perturbation in opioid dependence as reported in other studies and extends these observations to stable methadone-maintained patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect on cortisol supports the above conclusion and is consistent with HPA axis perturbation in opioid dependence as reported in other studies and extends these observations to stable methadone-maintained patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone has part acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement discusses the effect of cortisol in opioid dependence and its consistency with other studies on methadone-maintained patients. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for various conditions but there is no mention of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in the statement provided." -26670577,Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma,274,Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of a replacement therapy with hydrocortisone in severe sepsis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Several randomized controlled trials have evaluated the efficacy of a replacement therapy with hydrocortisone in severe sepsis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone has part plasma cell myeloma."" The statement discusses randomized controlled trials evaluating hydrocortisone replacement therapy in severe sepsis patients. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to hydrocortisone but unrelated to plasma cell myeloma, which is a type of cancer affecting plasma cells in bone marrow." + The two concepts - hydrocortisone replacement therapy in sepsis patients and Prednisolone's potential relationship with plasma cell myeloma - belong to different domains of medical science. The first is related to sepsis treatment, while the second is associated with cancer pathophysiology. Therefore, it is essential to maintain focus on specific scientific questions and avoid drawing unwarranted connections between unrelated concepts based on insufficient evidence." 18935086,Prednisolone coexists with Prednisone,275,[Diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol in juvenile diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone coexists with Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol in juvenile diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis].""?","No, the statement ""Diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol in juvenile diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone coexists with Prednisone."" - Prednisolone and Prednisone are both synthetic glucocorticoids used in clinical settings for their anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. They have similar mechanisms of action; however, Prednisone is converted to Prednisolone in the liver after absorption. Therefore, they do not ""coexist"" in the sense that they would be found together in a patient's system; instead, Prednisone metabolizes into Prednisolone. + The statement discusses diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol in juvenile diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis. While both Prednisolone and Prednisone are corticosteroids that can influence plasma cortisol levels, the statement does not mention or imply the use of these specific drugs in the study population. Therefore, it does not provide any evidence for their coexistence in any context. - The statement provided discusses diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol in juvenile diabetes mellitus without ketoacidosis. While cortisol is related to Prednisolone and Prednisone as they all belong to the class of glucocorticoids, the context of diurnal variations in blood glucose and plasma cortisol does not provide any evidence nor imply that Prednis" -9296680,Prednisolone derives from Prednisone,276,"OBJECTIVES: Elderly women with proximal femur fracture show abnormal persistence of increased cortisol concentrations, which could contribute to the high morbidity associated with this injury.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: Elderly women with proximal femur fracture show abnormal persistence of increased cortisol concentrations, which could contribute to the high morbidity associated with this injury.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone."" The statement discusses increased cortisol concentrations in elderly women with proximal femur fractures and their potential contribution to morbidity. + Prednisolone and Prednisone are two different medications within the same class of drugs (corticosteroids), each having unique properties that may make one more suitable than the other depending on the clinical situation. They cannot ""coexist"" in an individual as they would be used interchangeably based on clinical judgment rather than being administered simultaneously for the same purpose." +9296680,Prednisolone derives from Prednisone,276,"OBJECTIVES: Elderly women with proximal femur fracture show abnormal persistence of increased cortisol concentrations, which could contribute to the high morbidity associated with this injury.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: Elderly women with proximal femur fracture show abnormal persistence of increased cortisol concentrations, which could contribute to the high morbidity associated with this injury.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone."" - - Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used in medical treatment but have different chemical structures and properties. Prednisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that acts as a prodrug, while Prednisolone is its active metabolite. The statement provided focuses on cortisol, which is another class of steroid hormone entirely; it does not mention Prednisolone or Prednisone nor imply any relationship between them." -26415442,Prednisolone derives from Prednisone,277,"From the compendium presented above, the following statements become evident: 1) Inappropriately low secretion of cortisol in relation to inflammation is a typical feature of the inflammatory disease in patients with RA.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From the compendium presented above, the following statements become evident: 1) Inappropriately low secretion of cortisol in relation to inflammation is a typical feature of the inflammatory disease in patients with RA.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone."" The statement pertains specifically to cortisol secretion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is unrelated to the synthesis pathway of Prednisolone from Prednisone. + The statement discusses increased cortisol concentrations in elderly women with proximal femur fractures and their potential contribution to morbidity. Neither Prednisolone nor Prednisone is mentioned in the statement. + + Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used in medical treatment, but they have different chemical structures and properties. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted to Prednisolone in the body after administration. Therefore, Prednisolone does not derive from Prednisone in the literal sense of the word. - Prednisolone is indeed synthesized from Prednisone through a process called reduction in the liver by the enzyme 11-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-β-HSD1). However, this information is not inferred from the statement provided about cortisol secretion in RA patients. + However, it is important to note that both drugs have similar therapeutic effects due to their similar mechanisms of action as corticosteroids. But this fact does not make Prednisolone derive from Prednisone in any way." +26415442,Prednisolone derives from Prednisone,277,"From the compendium presented above, the following statements become evident: 1) Inappropriately low secretion of cortisol in relation to inflammation is a typical feature of the inflammatory disease in patients with RA.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From the compendium presented above, the following statements become evident: 1) Inappropriately low secretion of cortisol in relation to inflammation is a typical feature of the inflammatory disease in patients with RA.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone derives from Prednisone."" The statement discusses a feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) but does not make any connection between Prednisolone and Prednisone. - It is essential to maintain clarity in distinguishing between pharmacological concepts and disease-specific pathophysiology when interpreting such statements in order to avoid misleading conclusions." + Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used in treating inflammation and autoimmune disorders like RA. However, they have different chemical structures due to variations in their side chains. Prednisone is metabolized into Prednisolone in the body by enzymes in the liver. Therefore, Prednisolone is not derived from Prednisone in terms of chemical synthesis but rather as an active metabolite in vivo. + + The statement provided focuses on cortisol secretion in RA patients, which is not related to Prednisolone being derived from Prednisone. Hence, it does not offer any indirect support for that claim." 14808035,Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone,278,Hydrocortisone infusion in septic shock differentially regulated the cytokine responses.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone infusion in septic shock differentially regulated the cytokine responses.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone."" - The statement ""Hydrocortisone infusion in septic shock differentially regulated the cytokine responses"" is about hydrocortisone, not prednisolone or prednisone. These three substances belong to the class of corticosteroids but they have different chemical structures and properties. Hydrocortisone, prednisolone, and prednisone have different affinities for corticosteroid receptors and thus their pharmacological effects can be different. + The statement ""Hydrocortisone infusion in septic shock differentially regulated the cytokine responses"" is about hydrocortisone, not prednisolone or prednisone. These three substances belong to the class of glucocorticoids but they are different molecules with distinct pharmacological properties. - Furthermore, even if the statement was about prednisolone or prednisone, it would still not imply a direct physical interaction between these two substances. The statement only suggests that these substances have an effect on cytokine responses in septic shock, but it does not provide any information about how they interact at a molecular level. + Furthermore, even if the statement were about prednisolone or prednisone, it would still not imply a direct physical interaction between these two substances. It would suggest an effect on cytokine responses, which is a biological effect, not a physical interaction. Therefore, based on the provided statement, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone.""" -9296682,Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone,279,"BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence of dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence of dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone."" The background statement discusses dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. Prednisolone and Prednisone are both synthetic glucocorticoids that can affect cortisol secretion; however, there is no mention of these two drugs physically interacting with each other in the provided statement." -27055840,Prednisolone causes glaucoma,280,(2) One of the mechanisms of therapeutic effect of cortisol in asthma might be its inhibitory effect on CA uptake.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes glaucoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""(2) One of the mechanisms of therapeutic effect of cortisol in asthma might be its inhibitory effect on CA uptake.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes glaucoma."" Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects, similar to cortisol (the body's natural glucocorticoid). The mechanism mentioned in the statement refers to cortisol inhibiting catecholamine (CA) uptake as one of its therapeutic effects in asthma management. +9296682,Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone,279,"BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence of dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: There is substantial evidence of dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone physically interacts with Prednisone."" The background statement discusses dysregulation of cortisol secretion, hippocampal abnormalities, and memory deficits in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders but does not mention Prednisolone or Prednisone nor imply any interaction between these two substances. Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used for their anti-inflammatory effects; however, they have different pharmacological profiles due to differences in their chemical structures and metabolism. While they may share some biological targets, they do not physically interact in terms of forming chemical bonds or complexes." +27055840,Prednisolone causes glaucoma,280,(2) One of the mechanisms of therapeutic effect of cortisol in asthma might be its inhibitory effect on CA uptake.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes glaucoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""(2) One of the mechanisms of therapeutic effect of cortisol in asthma might be its inhibitory effect on CA uptake.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes glaucoma."" Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to cortisol, often used in treating inflammatory diseases such as asthma. The mechanism mentioned in the statement refers to cortisol inhibiting catecholamine (CA) uptake in asthma treatment. Although both Prednisolone and cortisol have anti-inflammatory effects, there is no direct link established between cortisol inhibiting CA uptake and Prednisolone causing glaucoma. - Although both cortisol and prednisolone have similar mechanisms of action in terms of their anti-inflammatory properties, there is no direct link established in the statement between cortisol inhibiting CA uptake and prednisolone causing glaucoma. Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy typically associated with increased intraocular pressure (IOP), which can be influenced by various factors including genetics, age, and other medical conditions; however, it is not explicitly linked to cortisol inhibition of CA uptake in asthma management. + Glaucoma is an eye condition associated with increased pressure within the eye, which can lead to optic nerve damage and vision loss if untreated. While long-term steroid use (including Prednisolone) has been linked to an increased risk of developing secondary glaucoma in some individuals due to altered intraocular pressure, it does not automatically mean that Prednisolone causes glaucoma in every patient. The development of glaucoma involves multiple factors, including genetics, age, and overall health status. - In conclusion, while prednisolone has been associated with increased IOP in some cases (" -26677891,Prednisolone causes uveitis,281,"OBJECTIVE: To compare cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment, and to examine the effect on results of accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To compare cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment, and to examine the effect on results of accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes uveitis."" The objective of the study mentioned is focused on comparing cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment while accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the objective, nor is there any connection made between cortisol levels and uveitis in this statement. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the claim that Prednisolone causes uveitis." -25953223,Prednisolone causes kidney disorder,282,"OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggest that higher plasma cortisol may be associated with hypertension and insulin resistance in otherwise healthy men, as it is in Cushing's syndrome.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggest that higher plasma cortisol may be associated with hypertension and insulin resistance in otherwise healthy men, as it is in Cushing's syndrome.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes kidney disorder."" The objective provided in the statement is discussing an association between higher plasma cortisol levels and hypertension as well as insulin resistance in healthy men, which is similar to what is observed in Cushing's syndrome. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can increase cortisol levels in the body; however, the statement does not mention or imply any connection between Prednisolone use and kidney disorders. + Therefore, without further" +26677891,Prednisolone causes uveitis,281,"OBJECTIVE: To compare cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment, and to examine the effect on results of accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To compare cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment, and to examine the effect on results of accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes uveitis."" The objective of the study mentioned is to compare cortisol levels, diurnal cycles of cortisol, and reactivity of cortisol to psychological stress in fibromyalgia (FM) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in their natural environment. It also aims to examine the effect on results of accounting for differences among the groups in psychological stress and other lifestyle and psychosocial variables. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the objective, nor is there any reference made to uveitis, an inflammation of the middle layer of the eye, which is a known side effect of long-term corticosteroid use like Prednisolone. Therefore, there is no basis for drawing such a conclusion from this statement alone." +25953223,Prednisolone causes kidney disorder,282,"OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggest that higher plasma cortisol may be associated with hypertension and insulin resistance in otherwise healthy men, as it is in Cushing's syndrome.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: Recent data suggest that higher plasma cortisol may be associated with hypertension and insulin resistance in otherwise healthy men, as it is in Cushing's syndrome.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes kidney disorder."" The objective provided in the statement is about an association between higher plasma cortisol levels and hypertension as well as insulin resistance in healthy men, which is similar to what is observed in Cushing's syndrome. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can increase cortisol levels in the body; however, the statement does not mention any kidney disorders related to cortisol increase nor does it make any direct or indirect reference to Prednisolone causing kidney disorders. - To further clarify, Prednisolone has several potential side effects, including increased susceptibility to infections, fluid retention, and elevated blood pressure (Hart et al., 2018). Although kidney disorders may occur as a result of long-term Prednisolone use in some individuals (Brown et al., 2005), there is no direct link established between Prednisolone use and kidney disorders in the statement provided. + To further clarify, it is important to understand that correlation does not imply causation; hence, even if there were evidence suggesting an association between Prednisolone use, increased cortisol levels, hypertension, and insulin resistance, it would not automatically imply that Prednisolone causes kidney disorders without additional supporting evidence specifically linking Prednisolone use to kidney issues. - Hart, C. L., Hackett, R., & Bradding, P. (2018). Glucocorticoids in asthma. Clinical" -21556285,Prednisolone causes allergic disease,283,"These findings demonstrate 2 types of adrenal insufficiency with different clinical pictures: Type 1 is characterized by cortisol deficiency with hypoglycaemia, low corticoid levels and a low cortisol secretion rate; Type 2 shows aldosterone deficiency with prominent salt loss.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings demonstrate 2 types of adrenal insufficiency with different clinical pictures: Type 1 is characterized by cortisol deficiency with hypoglycaemia, low corticoid levels and a low cortisol secretion rate; Type 2 shows aldosterone deficiency with prominent salt loss.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes allergic disease."" The statement discusses two types of adrenal insufficiency and their associated characteristics but does not mention Prednisolone or allergic disease. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. However, its use does not inherently cause allergic disease; instead, it may lead to side effects like increased susceptibility to infections or impaired growth in children when used long-term. Therefore, more specific evidence linking Prednisolone use to allergic disease would be required for that claim to be supported." + In conclusion, while Prednisolone might have various side effects due to its glucocorticoid activity, based on the information provided in the statement, there is no indirect support for Pred" +21556285,Prednisolone causes allergic disease,283,"These findings demonstrate 2 types of adrenal insufficiency with different clinical pictures: Type 1 is characterized by cortisol deficiency with hypoglycaemia, low corticoid levels and a low cortisol secretion rate; Type 2 shows aldosterone deficiency with prominent salt loss.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings demonstrate 2 types of adrenal insufficiency with different clinical pictures: Type 1 is characterized by cortisol deficiency with hypoglycaemia, low corticoid levels and a low cortisol secretion rate; Type 2 shows aldosterone deficiency with prominent salt loss.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes allergic disease."" The statement discusses two types of adrenal insufficiency and their associated clinical characteristics but does not mention Prednisolone or allergic disease. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. While it can have side effects like increased susceptibility to infections, it does not directly cause allergic diseases." 21293782,Prednisolone causes adrenocortical insufficiency,284,"November, a period of reproductive quiescence in the southern hemisphere, with new antler growth and rapid weight gain, is associated with higher mean plasma cortisol concentrations and a greater responsiveness to exogenous ACTH.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""November, a period of reproductive quiescence in the southern hemisphere, with new antler growth and rapid weight gain, is associated with higher mean plasma cortisol concentrations and a greater responsiveness to exogenous ACTH.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes adrenocortical insufficiency."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects. Adrenocortical insufficiency refers to the inadequate production of corticosteroids by the adrenal glands, which can be caused by prolonged exposure to exogenous glucocorticoids like prednisolone, leading to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. - - The passage provided discusses higher mean plasma cortisol concentrations and greater responsiveness to exogenous ACTH during November in the southern hemisphere. Cortisol is one of the primary stress hormones produced by the adrenal glands in response to ACTH stimulation from the pituitary gland. The HPA axis controls cortisol production; thus, any disturbance in this axis can affect cortisol levels. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects. Adrenocortical insufficiency refers to the inadequate production of corticosteroids by the adrenal glands, which can be caused by prolonged exposure to exogenous glucocorticoids like Prednisolone, leading to suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. - However, there is no mention of prednisolone or any glucocorticoid use in the passage." + However, the provided statement discusses higher mean plasma cortisol concentrations and greater responsiveness to exogenous ACTH in November in the southern hemisphere during reproductive quiescence in animals. Cortisol is one of the corticosteroids produced by the adrenal glands in response to ACTH stimulation from the pituitary gland. The statement does not mention Prednisolone or any exogenous glucocorticoid use; therefore, it does not provide any indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone causes" 20789636,Prednisolone causes ulcerative colitis,285,Cortisol metabolism in human obesity: impaired cortisone-->cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol metabolism in human obesity: impaired cortisone-->cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity.""?","No, the statement ""Cortisol metabolism in human obesity: impaired cortisone-->cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Prednisolone causes ulcerative colitis."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid commonly used as an anti-inflammatory medication in various conditions such as asthma, allergies, autoimmune disorders, and inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis (UC). While it is true that glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can have side effects that include gastrointestinal disturbances such as ulcers in rare cases, they do not cause ulcerative colitis itself. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug often used in treating various inflammatory conditions such as ulcerative colitis (UC). It works by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in cells and modulating gene expression related to inflammation and immune response. - The statement in question discusses cortisol metabolism in human obesity, specifically an impaired cortisone-to-cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity (excess fat around their midsection). Cortisol is another glucocorticoid naturally produced in our bodies by the adrenal glands in response to stress. Prednisolone is not mentioned in this" -17230021,Prednisolone causes Headache,286,The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the key physiological systems that counterbalances this systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the key physiological systems that counterbalances this systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone causes Headache."" The statement discusses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and its counterbalancing effects on systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can mimic the effects of cortisol in the body; however, it does not explicitly mention any connection between Prednisolone use and headaches. + The provided statement discusses cortisol metabolism in human obesity, specifically an impaired cortisone-to-cortisol conversion in subjects with central adiposity (excess fat around their midsection). Cortisol is another glucocorticoid naturally produced in the human body by the adrenal glands in response to stress. - To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone causes Headache,"" there would need to be some mention of an association between Prednisolone use and headaches or related symptoms in the statement. Without such information, it is not reasonable to infer that Prednisolone use leads to headaches based on the provided statement alone. + Although both Prednisolone and cortisol have similar functions in modulating immune response and inflammation due to their glucocorticoid activity, they have different sources (synthetic vs endogenous) and mechanisms" +17230021,Prednisolone causes Headache,286,The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the key physiological systems that counterbalances this systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is one of the key physiological systems that counterbalances this systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes Headache"". The statement discusses the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis's role in counterbalancing systemic inflammation through changes in adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can mimic the effects of cortisol in the body; however, it does not necessarily cause headaches as a direct side effect. Headaches might be an indirect consequence of Prednisolone usage due to other factors such as changes in fluid balance, sleep patterns, or mood disturbances that can occur during treatment. Nonetheless, without explicit evidence linking Prednisolone usage to headaches in the provided statement, it does not offer support for that claim." +16304261,Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome,287,"The 5 dpf hypoxic exposure also elicited transient increases in whole body cortisol and in crf, uts1, and hsd20b2 expression, key regulators of the endocrine stress response.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 5 dpf hypoxic exposure also elicited transient increases in whole body cortisol and in crf, uts1, and hsd20b2 expression, key regulators of the endocrine stress response.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome. The statement discusses the effects of hypoxic exposure on zebrafish at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf), including increases in whole body cortisol levels and expression of certain stress response regulators (crf, uts1, hsd20b2). While cortisol is known as a stress hormone that can be influenced by Prednisolone, no connection is established between these hypoxia-induced changes in zebrafish and Prednisolone-induced nephrotic syndrome in humans or other animals. - That being said, it is essential to acknowledge that Prednisolone use can lead to various side effects, including headaches, as evidenced by other sources of information. However, based on the given statement alone, there is no support for the claim that Prednisolone causes" -16304261,Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome,287,"The 5 dpf hypoxic exposure also elicited transient increases in whole body cortisol and in crf, uts1, and hsd20b2 expression, key regulators of the endocrine stress response.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The 5 dpf hypoxic exposure also elicited transient increases in whole body cortisol and in crf, uts1, and hsd20b2 expression, key regulators of the endocrine stress response.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes nephrotic syndrome."" The statement discusses the effects of hypoxic exposure on zebrafish at 5 days post-fertilization (dpf), including increases in whole body cortisol and expression of certain stress response regulators (crf, uts1, hsd20b2). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases; nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema. While both hypoxia and prednisolone can influence stress response pathways, there is no explicit connection between hypoxia-induced stress response changes in zebrafish larvae and prednisolone-induced nephrotic syndrome in humans or other animals based on the provided statement." -15365269,Prednisolone causes infertility disorder,288,"At multiple regression analyses, HOMA-IR on admission in the IR group significantly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone, glucagon, and cortisol.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""At multiple regression analyses, HOMA-IR on admission in the IR group significantly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone, glucagon, and cortisol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes infertility disorder"". The provided statement discusses correlations between Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) on admission in an insulin resistant (IR) group and certain hormones, including cortisol. However, it does not establish a direct link between Prednisolone use and infertility disorder. + To provide indirect support for the claim, there would need to be some link between Prednisolone usage, cortisol levels, stress response regulation, and nephrotic syndrome development. However, based on the information provided in the statement, no such link has been established. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often prescribed for various inflammatory conditions. While it is true that glucocorticoids can affect multiple physiological processes including reproduction, as they can influence gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion leading to menstrual irregularities in women, the provided statement does not offer any information about Prednisolone usage in particular nor does it discuss any reproductive outcomes or infertility disorders. + To clarify any potential confusion, Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various medical treatments, including as an anti-inflammatory agent and immunosuppressant. Neph" +15365269,Prednisolone causes infertility disorder,288,"At multiple regression analyses, HOMA-IR on admission in the IR group significantly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone, glucagon, and cortisol.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes infertility disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""At multiple regression analyses, HOMA-IR on admission in the IR group significantly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone, glucagon, and cortisol.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone causes infertility disorder. The provided statement discusses correlations between HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) on admission in an insulin resistance (IR) group and several hormones, including cortisol. However, it does not mention Prednisolone or infertility disorder. - Therefore, based on the given statement alone, one cannot infer any correlation between Prednisolone usage and infertility disorder. A more detailed study design, participant information, treatment details, and specific outcomes related to fertility would be" -14373522,Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis,289,"The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis."" + The correlation between cortisol and HOMA-IR on admission in an IR group does not necessarily imply causation, nor does it specify that Prednisolone is responsible for increased cortisol levels. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various inflammatory diseases; however, its potential effects on fertility would require separate investigation and evidence. - The statement discusses the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol in states of excessive stress leading to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its potent anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions. + In summary, while cortisol has been linked to menstrual dysfunction and potential infertility in women when produced in excess (either due to Cushing's syndrome or exogenous administration), there is no direct evidence in the statement provided that connects Prednisolone use to infertility disorder." +14373522,Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis,289,"The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes exfoliative dermatitis."" The statement discusses the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol in states of excessive stress leading to hypercatabolic diseases like AIDS, sepsis, toxic shock syndrome, and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its potent anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions. While it can have side effects such as skin thinning and increased susceptibility to infections, it does not directly cause exfoliative dermatitis based on the provided information alone. - While it is true that Prednisolone can cause side effects such as exfoliative dermatitis (a rare cutaneous adverse reaction), it is not mentioned nor implied in the statement provided. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the causal relationship between Prednisolone use and exfoliative dermatitis in this statement. + However, it is important to note that glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can have cutaneous side effects such as exacerbation of existing skin conditions, delayed wound healing, skin thinning, purpura, striae, acneiform eruptions, and hirsutism (Bolognia et al., 2018). Exfoliative dermatitis is characterized by widespread erythema and scaling involving most of the body surface area (Bolognia" +10735861,Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis,290,"The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis."" The statement discusses the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol in states of excessive stress leading to certain diseases (NAIDS). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used as an anti-inflammatory drug in treating various conditions like allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. While it can have side effects such as skin thinning and increased susceptibility to infections, it does not directly cause contact dermatitis as suggested by the user's phrase. - To establish such a relationship, one would need evidence from clinical trials, case reports, or other forms of medical literature that demonstrate Prednisolone as a causative agent for exfoliative dermatitis specifically." -10735861,Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis,290,"The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The suppression of the anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol as a result of states of excessive stress leads to hypercatabolic diseases such as AIDS, sepsis and toxic shock syndrome and protein calorie malnutrition (NAIDS).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes contact dermatitis."" The statement discusses the suppression of anti-inflammatory effects of cortisol in states of excessive stress leading to certain diseases (NAIDS). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions; it does not cause contact dermatitis as per the information provided in the statement. + The two statements discuss different concepts - one refers to endogenous cortisol suppression in stress-related diseases while the other refers to exogenous Prednisolone causing contact dermatitis - making it impossible to infer indirect support from one statement to another without additional evidence connecting them." +10545904,Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis,291,"We report the case of a 41-year-old nonatopic women with a previous history of eczematous reaction due to hydrocortisone who suffered worsening of her perennial rhinitis in association with perinasal dermatitis from the use of budesonide in nasal spray form, and stomatitis and pharyngitis due to budesonide in a bronchial inhaler.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report the case of a 41-year-old nonatopic women with a previous history of eczematous reaction due to hydrocortisone who suffered worsening of her perennial rhinitis in association with perinasal dermatitis from the use of budesonide in nasal spray form, and stomatitis and pharyngitis due to budesonide in a bronchial inhaler.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis."" The case report describes an individual who experienced adverse effects from using budesonide, a type of corticosteroid, in both nasal spray and bronchial inhaler forms. Prednisolone is also a corticosteroid but is not mentioned in the case report. The association between budesonide use and various symptoms does not imply that prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis. - However, it is important to note that long-term use of Prednisolone can lead to side effects such as thinning of skin, easy bruising, and susceptibility to infections which might be misconstrued as contact dermatitis symptoms. Nonetheless, contact dermatitis is primarily caused by an allergic reaction rather than direct causation by Prednisolone itself as mentioned in the original statement." -10545904,Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis,291,"We report the case of a 41-year-old nonatopic women with a previous history of eczematous reaction due to hydrocortisone who suffered worsening of her perennial rhinitis in association with perinasal dermatitis from the use of budesonide in nasal spray form, and stomatitis and pharyngitis due to budesonide in a bronchial inhaler.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We report the case of a 41-year-old nonatopic women with a previous history of eczematous reaction due to hydrocortisone who suffered worsening of her perennial rhinitis in association with perinasal dermatitis from the use of budesonide in nasal spray form, and stomatitis and pharyngitis due to budesonide in a bronchial inhaler.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes pulmonary tuberculosis."" The statement discusses a case report of a patient who experienced adverse effects from using budesonide in nasal spray form and as a bronchial inhaler. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any connection between Prednisolone use and pulmonary tuberculosis from this statement." -10519611,Prednisolone causes colitis,292,"In this perspective paper, we focus on the neuro-endocrine interactions that occur between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and propose that they align with our previously proposed model of FM pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this perspective paper, we focus on the neuro-endocrine interactions that occur between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and propose that they align with our previously proposed model of FM pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes colitis."" The statement focuses on neuro-endocrine interactions between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and their alignment with a proposed model of fibromyalgia (FM) pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between it and colitis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment; however, its association with colitis would require separate evidence." -9464043,Prednisolone causes cataract,293,The present study reported a case of hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient with anterior pituitary hypofunction due to allergic reaction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The present study reported a case of hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient with anterior pituitary hypofunction due to allergic reaction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes cataract."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient suffering from anterior pituitary hypofunction due to an allergic reaction. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, while hydrocortisone is an endogenous glucocorticoid; they belong to the same class of steroid hormones but have different chemical structures and properties. + To further elaborate on why there is no indirect support for the claim, let us consider some key points. Firstly, prednisolone is not mentioned in the case report at all; therefore, there is no direct evidence linking its use to pulmonary tuberculosis in this scenario. Secondly, although prednisolone is a corticosteroid like budesonide, it has different pharmacokinetic properties, routes of administration, and potential side effects. - The lack of mention of cataracts in either the patient population or as an adverse effect in the study does not provide any evidence supporting the link between prednisolone use and cataract development. Additionally, establishing such a link would require epidemiological studies examining large groups of patients using prednisolone over extended periods rather than an isolated case report of hydrocortisone use in one patient. + The misconception might arise from assuming that all corticosteroids share identical properties and risks, which is not accurate. While it is true that corticosteroids can have" +10519611,Prednisolone causes colitis,292,"In this perspective paper, we focus on the neuro-endocrine interactions that occur between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and propose that they align with our previously proposed model of FM pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this perspective paper, we focus on the neuro-endocrine interactions that occur between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and propose that they align with our previously proposed model of FM pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes colitis."" The focus of the perspective paper is on neuro-endocrine interactions between progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol during pregnancy, and how these interactions align with a previously proposed model of fibromyalgia (FM) pathogenesis based on GABAergic ""weakening"" in a thalamocortical neural loop system. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between glucocorticoids like cortisol and colitis in the provided context. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer that prednisolone causes colitis based on this statement alone." +9464043,Prednisolone causes cataract,293,The present study reported a case of hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient with anterior pituitary hypofunction due to allergic reaction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes cataract"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The present study reported a case of hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient with anterior pituitary hypofunction due to allergic reaction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes cataract."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates hydrocortisone-induced blood pressure reduction in a patient suffering from anterior pituitary hypofunction due to an allergic reaction. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to hydrocortisone in its therapeutic effects but unrelated in causing cataracts in patients. - In conclusion, while prednisolone and hydrocortisone share some similarities in their therapeutic uses and effects due to their classification as glucocorticoids, they have distinct differences in their chemical structures and properties that prevent us from inferring" -8757881,Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus,294,Fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol increased to peak values within 2.8 hours of induced hypoxia but by 7.2 hours had begun to fall to values that were not significantly different from those at 1.4 hours.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol increased to peak values within 2.8 hours of induced hypoxia but by 7.2 hours had begun to fall to values that were not significantly different from those at 1.4 hours.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus"". The statement discusses fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels in response to hypoxia, but it does not mention Prednisolone or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, while SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation in various organs. Although glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can have side effects that mimic some symptoms of SLE, they do not cause SLE. The development of SLE is influenced by genetic factors as well as environmental triggers like infections or medications; however, there is no evidence that Prednisolone directly causes SLE." -27658451,Prednisolone affects uveitis,295,Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a chronic condition and individuals are exposed to elevated androgen levels in utero as a result of the endogenous cortisol deficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a chronic condition and individuals are exposed to elevated androgen levels in utero as a result of the endogenous cortisol deficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects uveitis."" The statement discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a chronic condition where individuals have elevated androgen levels due to endogenous cortisol deficiency during fetal development. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in treating inflammatory conditions such as uveitis; however, there is no direct connection between CAH and uveitis mentioned in the statement that would imply Prednisolone has an effect on uveitis. + The two statements discuss different corticosteroids (hydrocortisone vs prednisolone) and focus on entirely separate medical issues (blood pressure reduction vs cataract formation). Therefore, no reasonable inference can be drawn from one statement to support the claim in another statement regarding cataract development caused by prednisolone use. - However, it is worth noting that glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can be used as an immunosuppressive therapy in treating uveitis due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, that specific connection is not provided in the statement in question." -27410586,Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,296,The results of our study confirm that thymol has strong ameliorative effect against hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results of our study confirm that thymol has strong ameliorative effect against hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma."" The study in question investigates the effects of thymol on hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues, not prednisolone's impact on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid medication often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders; it is not mentioned nor studied in relation to castration-resistant prostate carcinoma in the provided statement." -27323391,Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,297,The effects of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP agonists (cholera toxin plus hydrocortisone and prostaglandin E2 plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) on the cytotoxic activity of T cells generated during murine influenza virus infection have been examined.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP agonists (cholera toxin plus hydrocortisone and prostaglandin E2 plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) on the cytotoxic activity of T cells generated during murine influenza virus infection have been examined.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"". The statement discusses the effects of certain substances on T cell cytotoxic activity during murine influenza virus infection in mice. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid used primarily in humans for its anti-inflammatory effects, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a kidney disease. While both prednisolone and hydrocortisone (mentioned in the statement) are glucocorticoids, they have different specific effects on various cells and tissues in the body. Therefore, without further evidence linking prednisolone, T cell activity, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, it is not reasonable to infer support for the original phrase from the given statement." -27042309,Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia,298,Open oral provocation with 100 or 250 mg hydrocortisone in patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity elicited cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis caused by hydrocortisone in two patients and at sites of earlier allergic patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone in the other two patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Open oral provocation with 100 or 250 mg hydrocortisone in patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity elicited cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis caused by hydrocortisone in two patients and at sites of earlier allergic patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone in the other two patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia."" The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity, specifically in relation to cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis or patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone. Prednisolone is a different glucocorticoid medication than hydrocortisone, and it is not mentioned in the statement at all. Therefore, there is no connection between the two pieces of information that would allow us to infer that prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia based on the provided statement about hydrocortisone." -25790510,Prednisolone affects allergic disease,299,"Although initial studies in transgenic mice and humans are encouraging, more data are required to conclusively prove the hypothesis that the adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 and the resultant increase in tissue-specific cortisol concentrations result in human obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although initial studies in transgenic mice and humans are encouraging, more data are required to conclusively prove the hypothesis that the adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 and the resultant increase in tissue-specific cortisol concentrations result in human obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic disease."" The statement discusses research on transgenic mice and humans regarding adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1) and its impact on obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various allergic diseases; however, it is not mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow for indirect support of ""Prednisolone affects allergic disease.""" -25165576,Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis,300,"CONCLUSION: Although hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties, it seems to provoke inflammation in the round window membrane after topical instillation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Although hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties, it seems to provoke inflammation in the round window membrane after topical instillation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis."" The conclusion in the statement refers specifically to hydrocortisone's effect on the round window membrane after topical instillation, not prednisolone or its effect on glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis is a type of kidney disease, while the round window membrane is part of the inner ear. Therefore, the two subjects are unrelated in this context. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various inflammatory diseases; however, its specific effect on glomerulonephritis is not addressed in the statement provided." + In summary, it is essential to maintain focus on specific evidence related to prednisolone when addressing the question at hand since other corticosteroids like hydrocortisone may have different side effects profiles." +8757881,Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus,294,Fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol increased to peak values within 2.8 hours of induced hypoxia but by 7.2 hours had begun to fall to values that were not significantly different from those at 1.4 hours.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol increased to peak values within 2.8 hours of induced hypoxia but by 7.2 hours had begun to fall to values that were not significantly different from those at 1.4 hours.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone causes systemic lupus erythematosus"". The statement discusses fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels in response to hypoxia, which is not directly related to Prednisolone or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory effects, while SLE is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation due to immune system dysfunction. Although glucocorticoids like Prednisolone can have various side effects, including immunosuppression, there is no established causal relationship between Prednisolone use and development of SLE based on the provided information." +27658451,Prednisolone affects uveitis,295,Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a chronic condition and individuals are exposed to elevated androgen levels in utero as a result of the endogenous cortisol deficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a chronic condition and individuals are exposed to elevated androgen levels in utero as a result of the endogenous cortisol deficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects uveitis."" The statement discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), a chronic condition where individuals have elevated androgen levels due to endogenous cortisol deficiency during fetal development. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory conditions such as uveitis; however, there is no direct or indirect connection established between these two concepts in the given statement. + + To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects uveitis,"" there would need to be some link between CAH, its associated hormonal imbalances, and uveitis susceptibility or severity. Alternatively, evidence could be presented that Prednisolone has an impact on uveitis incidence or progression in patients with CAH or other related conditions. Since neither of these connections is made in the statement provided, it does not offer indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects uveitis.""" +27410586,Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,296,The results of our study confirm that thymol has strong ameliorative effect against hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results of our study confirm that thymol has strong ameliorative effect against hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma."" The study in question investigates the effects of thymol on hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues, not prednisolone's impact on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various clinical settings; however, its specific effects on castration-resistant prostate carcinoma were not addressed in this study. + + To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects castration-resistant prostate carcinoma,"" one would need evidence linking prednisolone use to changes in castration-resistant prostate carcinoma progression or related biological markers. This study does not provide such evidence; therefore, it cannot be used as indirect support for that statement." +27323391,Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis,297,The effects of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP agonists (cholera toxin plus hydrocortisone and prostaglandin E2 plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) on the cytotoxic activity of T cells generated during murine influenza virus infection have been examined.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of 8-bromo-cyclic AMP and cyclic AMP agonists (cholera toxin plus hydrocortisone and prostaglandin E2 plus 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine) on the cytotoxic activity of T cells generated during murine influenza virus infection have been examined.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects focal segmental glomerulosclerosis."" The statement discusses the effects of certain substances on T cell cytotoxic activity during murine influenza virus infection in mice. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to treat inflammatory diseases in humans, while focal segmental glomerulosclerosis is a kidney disorder. There is no connection between T cell cytotoxic activity during murine influenza virus infection in mice and Prednisolone's potential effects on focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in humans." +27042309,Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia,298,Open oral provocation with 100 or 250 mg hydrocortisone in patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity elicited cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis caused by hydrocortisone in two patients and at sites of earlier allergic patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone in the other two patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Open oral provocation with 100 or 250 mg hydrocortisone in patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity elicited cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis caused by hydrocortisone in two patients and at sites of earlier allergic patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone in the other two patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pulmonary eosinophilia."" The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on patients with hydrocortisone contact hypersensitivity, specifically in relation to cutaneous reactions at sites of previous allergic dermatitis or patch test reactions caused by hydrocortisone. Prednisolone is a different glucocorticoid medication than hydrocortisone, and it is not mentioned in the statement. Furthermore, pulmonary eosinophilia is an inflammation of lung tissue involving eosinophils, which is not addressed in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection between the two pieces of information that would allow for indirect support." +25790510,Prednisolone affects allergic disease,299,"Although initial studies in transgenic mice and humans are encouraging, more data are required to conclusively prove the hypothesis that the adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 and the resultant increase in tissue-specific cortisol concentrations result in human obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Although initial studies in transgenic mice and humans are encouraging, more data are required to conclusively prove the hypothesis that the adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 and the resultant increase in tissue-specific cortisol concentrations result in human obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic disease."" The statement discusses research on transgenic mice and humans regarding adipose-tissue-specific overexpression of HSD1 (11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1) and its impact on obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome. While Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can affect immune response and inflammation (thus potentially having some connection to allergic disease), there is no mention of Prednisolone in the provided statement nor any evidence linking HSD1 overexpression to allergic disease. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer support for the phrase based on the given statement alone." +25165576,Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis,300,"CONCLUSION: Although hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties, it seems to provoke inflammation in the round window membrane after topical instillation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Although hydrocortisone has anti-inflammatory properties, it seems to provoke inflammation in the round window membrane after topical instillation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects glomerulonephritis."" The conclusion in the statement refers specifically to hydrocortisone's effect on the round window membrane after topical instillation, not prednisolone or its effect on glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis is a condition of the kidney, unrelated to the round window membrane in the ear. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone, but they have different pharmacological properties and uses. Therefore, without additional evidence linking prednisolone to glomerulonephritis, we cannot infer that prednisolone has an effect on this condition based on the given statement about hydrocortisone." 24270725,Prednisolone affects dermatomyositis,301,"Type 2 glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), which are occupied by cortisol in humans in times of stress, are thought to be responsible for the glucocorticoid-induced memory impairment.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Type 2 glucocorticoid receptors (GRs), which are occupied by cortisol in humans in times of stress, are thought to be responsible for the glucocorticoid-induced memory impairment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects dermatomyositis."" The statement discusses type 2 glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) and their potential role in glucocorticoid-induced memory impairment in humans during times of stress. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various medical conditions, including dermatomyositis; however, the statement does not make any connection between GRs, glucocorticoids like prednisolone, and dermatomyositis. - Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory muscle disease characterized by muscle weakness, skin rash, and potential involvement of other organs. Glucocorticoids like prednisolone can be used as part of the treatment regimen for dermatomyositis due to their anti-inflammatory properties; however, their use may also lead to side effects such as memory impairment due to GR activation in various tissues. + Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory muscle disease characterized by muscle weakness and skin rashes. Although glucocorticoids like prednisolone can be used in treating dermatomyositis due to their anti-inflammatory properties, the statement does not provide any evidence or implications regarding prednisolone's effect on dermatomyositis specifically. + + In summary, while glucocorticoids like prednisolone can affect various biological processes through GRs, the provided statement does not offer any indirect support for the" +22922261,Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,302,"Firstly, the GH-mediated increase in cortisol metabolism (mediated via reduced E to F conversion) may precipitate adrenal insufficiency in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency commencing GH therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Firstly, the GH-mediated increase in cortisol metabolism (mediated via reduced E to F conversion) may precipitate adrenal insufficiency in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency commencing GH therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" The statement discusses the effect of growth hormone (GH) therapy on cortisol metabolism in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. It does not mention prednisolone or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Therefore, it does not contribute to our understanding of whether prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis." +19824794,Prednisolone affects colitis,303,"From this study it is inferred that the group III steroid betamethasone dipropionate alone heals experimentally induced external otitis more rapidly than hydrocortisone with oxytetracycline, with or without polymyxin B.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From this study it is inferred that the group III steroid betamethasone dipropionate alone heals experimentally induced external otitis more rapidly than hydrocortisone with oxytetracycline, with or without polymyxin B.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects colitis."" The study referenced in the statement investigates the effects of different steroids on external otitis, not colitis. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information about how these steroids might impact colitis. Therefore, it is not appropriate to infer any relationship between Prednisolone and colitis based on this statement alone." +19409335,Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis,304,"In conclusion, the reciprocal expression of CYP17 and the transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 indicates that these orphan receptors have a pathophysiologic role in the excessive hormone production in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, the reciprocal expression of CYP17 and the transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 indicates that these orphan receptors have a pathophysiologic role in the excessive hormone production in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis."" The conclusion in the statement is about the pathophysiologic role of CYP17 and transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory diseases but is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection between Prednisolone and sarcoidosis in this context." +18736907,Prednisolone affects asthma,305,"The administration of hydrocortisone before tumor inoculation resulted in increased tumor take, reduced mean survival time of mice, and concentration of tumor metastasis in a specific organ (i.e., lung metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid clone 1 tumor, and liver metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid stock and Ehrlich hyperdiploid stock tumors).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The administration of hydrocortisone before tumor inoculation resulted in increased tumor take, reduced mean survival time of mice, and concentration of tumor metastasis in a specific organ (i.e., lung metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid clone 1 tumor, and liver metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid stock and Ehrlich hyperdiploid stock tumors).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma."" The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on tumor growth and metastasis in mice, which is not related to asthma in humans or animals. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to hydrocortisone but has not been mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no connection between the two pieces of information. - In summary, while glucocorticoids like prednisolone can affect dermatomyositis" -22922261,Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,302,"Firstly, the GH-mediated increase in cortisol metabolism (mediated via reduced E to F conversion) may precipitate adrenal insufficiency in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency commencing GH therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Firstly, the GH-mediated increase in cortisol metabolism (mediated via reduced E to F conversion) may precipitate adrenal insufficiency in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency commencing GH therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis."" The statement discusses the effect of growth hormone (GH) therapy on cortisol metabolism in hypopituitary patients with partial adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency. It does not mention prednisolone or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Prednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to treat allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, but the statement does not make any connection between prednisolone and this condition. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the phrase in question." -19824794,Prednisolone affects colitis,303,"From this study it is inferred that the group III steroid betamethasone dipropionate alone heals experimentally induced external otitis more rapidly than hydrocortisone with oxytetracycline, with or without polymyxin B.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From this study it is inferred that the group III steroid betamethasone dipropionate alone heals experimentally induced external otitis more rapidly than hydrocortisone with oxytetracycline, with or without polymyxin B.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects colitis."" The study referenced in the statement investigates the effects of different steroids on external otitis, not colitis. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information about how these steroids might impact colitis. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any relationship between Prednisolone and colitis based on this statement alone." -19409335,Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis,304,"In conclusion, the reciprocal expression of CYP17 and the transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 indicates that these orphan receptors have a pathophysiologic role in the excessive hormone production in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, the reciprocal expression of CYP17 and the transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 indicates that these orphan receptors have a pathophysiologic role in the excessive hormone production in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects sarcoidosis."" The conclusion in the statement is about the pathophysiologic role of CYP17 and transcriptional repressors COUP-TF and DAX-1 in cortisol- and deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenocortical tumors. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory conditions but is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology; hence, no link can be established based on the given information." -18736907,Prednisolone affects asthma,305,"The administration of hydrocortisone before tumor inoculation resulted in increased tumor take, reduced mean survival time of mice, and concentration of tumor metastasis in a specific organ (i.e., lung metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid clone 1 tumor, and liver metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid stock and Ehrlich hyperdiploid stock tumors).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The administration of hydrocortisone before tumor inoculation resulted in increased tumor take, reduced mean survival time of mice, and concentration of tumor metastasis in a specific organ (i.e., lung metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid clone 1 tumor, and liver metastasis for Ehrlich hypotetraploid stock and Ehrlich hyperdiploid stock tumors).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma"". The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on tumor growth and metastasis in mice, which is not related to asthma in humans. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating asthma due to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, hydrocortisone is a naturally occurring glucocorticoid that has similar effects but is not identical to prednisolone in terms of its pharmacological properties and clinical uses. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about prednisolone's effects on asthma cannot be inferred from the given statement about hydrocortisone's effects on tumor growth in mice." + However, it is important to note that glucocorticoids like prednisolone and hydrocortisone can have anti-inflammatory effects in various disease contexts, including asthma. Inhaled corticosteroids such as budesonide and fluticasone propionate are commonly used for controlling asthma symptoms due to their anti-inflammatory properties. Nonetheless, the provided statement does not offer any evidence regarding prednisolone's effects on asthma specifically." 17668631,Prednisolone affects Prednisone,306,"Cortisol counteracts the insulin activation of glycogen synthase in muscle, the insulin inhibition of hepatic glucose production and the insulin inhibition of lipolysis in adipose tissue, leading to the well-established systemic insulin resistance caused by excess cortisol.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Cortisol counteracts the insulin activation of glycogen synthase in muscle, the insulin inhibition of hepatic glucose production and the insulin inhibition of lipolysis in adipose tissue, leading to the well-established systemic insulin resistance caused by excess cortisol.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone"" from the statement provided. Prednisolone and Prednisone are both synthetic glucocorticoids, which means they have similar mechanisms of action in the body. They bind to the glucocorticoid receptor and modulate gene expression, leading to various physiological effects. One of these effects is the counteraction of insulin signaling, as mentioned in your statement. - Therefore, if Prednisolone affects insulin signaling in muscle, liver, and adipose tissue as stated, then it is reasonable to infer that Prednisone would have similar effects, given their shared mechanism of action. This inference provides indirect support for the idea that Prednisolone affects Prednisone, as they are interchangeable in their biological effects. + Therefore, if Prednisolone affects insulin signaling in muscle, liver, and adipose tissue as described, then it is reasonable to infer that Prednisone would have similar effects, given their structural and functional similarities. - However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference based on shared mechanism of action and not on direct comparison of Prednisolone and Prednisone in the same study. Therefore, while there is some support for the statement, more direct evidence would be needed for a definitive conclusion." -15888410,Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis,307,"The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses the effects of caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment on N-acetyl D-glucosamine levels in zymogen granule membranes, as well as the effects of L-364,718 administration after pancreatitis induction on these levels. Rheumatoid arthritis is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between prednisolone (a type of corticosteroid) and rheumatoid arthritis treatment. Prednisolone is also not mentioned in the context of hydrocortisone treatment in pancreatitis induction or L-364,718 administration after pancreatitis induction. Therefore, without any mention of prednisolone affecting rheumatoid arthritis in either statement, there is no indirect support for that phrase in the given statement." -13564625,Prednisolone affects asthma,308,False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.""?","No, the statement ""False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma."" + However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone,"" this does not necessarily mean that Prednisolone has exactly the same effects as Prednisone in terms of potency, duration of action, or specific tissue targets. These aspects would need to be investigated through direct comparative studies. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used in treating various conditions such as asthma due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. It works by mimicking the natural hormone cortisol produced by the adrenal glands in our bodies. + In conclusion, while the statement does not explicitly mention Prednisone, the fact that" +15888410,Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis,307,"The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The amount of N-acetyl D-glucosamine in the zymogen granule membrane was not altered by caerulein acute pancreatitis induced under continuous hydrocortisone treatment, but it was decreased by the administration of L-364,718 over 7 days after pancreatitis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses changes in N-acetyl D-glucosamine levels in response to different treatments in an experimental model of acute pancreatitis. Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder distinct from acute pancreatitis, and Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical conditions including rheumatoid arthritis. - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited disorder affecting the adrenal glands due to deficiencies in enzymes needed for cortisol production. This can lead to an overproduction of androgens (male sex hormones) and sometimes result in false elevation of plasma cortisol levels due to improper measurements. + The statement does not provide any information about Prednisolone use in rheumatoid arthritis models or patients; therefore, it does not support the claim that Prednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis. To establish such a link, studies specifically investigating Prednisolone's effects on rheumatoid arthritis models or patients would be required." +13564625,Prednisolone affects asthma,308,False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia.""?","No, the statement ""False elevation of plasma cortisol in congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects asthma."" - Although both prednisolone and CAH involve cortisol regulation, they represent different biological contexts. The statement about CAH does not provide any information about prednisolone use, asthma management, or how prednisolone might affect asthma symptoms. Thus, it" -13234063,Prednisolone affects pericarditis,309,Further studies evaluating the mechanism of action and long term effects of hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest need to be conducted.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further studies evaluating the mechanism of action and long term effects of hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest need to be conducted.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis."" The statement discusses further studies on hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest patients without mentioning prednisolone or pericarditis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory conditions while pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium (the lining around the heart). Hydrocortisone is another glucocorticoid that can be used in similar conditions as prednisolone; however, it is not explicitly related to pericarditis in the statement provided. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating asthma due to its anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness [1]. On the other hand, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an inherited disorder of cortisol synthesis that can result in false elevation of plasma cortisol due to impaired feedback mechanisms [2]. - - To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis,"" there should be some connection between prednisolone, hydrocortisone (or other glucocorticoids), and pericarditis in the statement. Since no such connection is present in the statement provided, it does not offer indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis."" + Although both prednisolone and CAH involve cortisol regulation, they represent different biological contexts. The statement about CAH does not provide any information about prednisolone or its effects on asthma; therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that prednisolone affects asthma. - However, it is essential to mention that glucocorticoids like prednisolone and hydroc" -13029310,Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,310,"In acute MI, there were elevated plasma levels of cortisol depending on the MI severity with a small repeated peak of its increase on day 14 and its subsequent decrease, except deaths.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In acute MI, there were elevated plasma levels of cortisol depending on the MI severity with a small repeated peak of its increase on day 14 and its subsequent decrease, except deaths.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the relationship between acute myocardial infarction (MI) and cortisol levels, which is unrelated to prednisolone use in COPD patients. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases such as COPD but is not mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, no inferences can be made about prednisolone's effects on COPD based on cortisol level changes in acute MI patients." + References: + + [1] Barnes PJ (2016) Glucocorticoid therapy for asthma. Clinical Science 130" +13234063,Prednisolone affects pericarditis,309,Further studies evaluating the mechanism of action and long term effects of hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest need to be conducted.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further studies evaluating the mechanism of action and long term effects of hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest need to be conducted.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects pericarditis."" The statement discusses further studies on hydrocortisone in cardiac arrest patients, which is different from prednisolone and pericarditis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, while pericarditis refers to inflammation of the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart). Hydrocortisone is another type of glucocorticoid used in treating inflammation and has been studied in cardiac arrest patients due to its potential cardioprotective effects. Although these medications belong to the same class (glucocorticoids), they have different mechanisms of action and applications in treating various medical conditions. Therefore, more specific evidence would be required to support the claim that prednisolone affects pericarditis." +13029310,Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,310,"In acute MI, there were elevated plasma levels of cortisol depending on the MI severity with a small repeated peak of its increase on day 14 and its subsequent decrease, except deaths.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In acute MI, there were elevated plasma levels of cortisol depending on the MI severity with a small repeated peak of its increase on day 14 and its subsequent decrease, except deaths.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the relationship between acute myocardial infarction (MI) and cortisol levels, which is unrelated to prednisolone use in COPD patients. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory conditions but not explicitly mentioned in relation to MI or cortisol in the provided statement. + + However, it is important to note that both acute MI and COPD can be influenced by corticosteroids like prednisolone due to their anti-inflammatory effects on various tissues in the body. Nonetheless, the statement in question does not provide any evidence or implications that would support prednisolone affecting COPD." 12949384,Prednisolone affects hypereosinophilic syndrome,311,"Aldosterone levels, like cortisol, have been shown to be increased in sepsis and hemorrhagic shock.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aldosterone levels, like cortisol, have been shown to be increased in sepsis and hemorrhagic shock.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects hypereosinophilic syndrome"". - The statement discusses increased aldosterone levels in sepsis and hemorrhagic shock, which is not directly related to prednisolone or hypereosinophilic syndrome. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects, while hypereosinophilic syndrome is a group of disorders characterized by an overproduction of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell. + The statement discusses increased aldosterone levels in sepsis and hemorrhagic shock, which is not directly related to prednisolone or hypereosinophilic syndrome. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects, while hypereosinophilic syndrome is a group of disorders characterized by an increased number of eosinophils in the blood and tissues. - Although prednisolone can impact immune system function and eosinophil levels in some contexts, there is no clear connection established in either statement between prednisolone and hypereosinophilic syndrome. To provide indirect support for such a claim, additional evidence would be needed that links prednisolone usage specifically to changes in hypereosinophilic syndrome conditions." -12057849,Prednisolone affects Crohn disease,312,"In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Crohn disease."" The review focuses on the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), and cortisol on osteoarthritis (OA). Although cortisol is mentioned, it is not specifically linked to Crohn disease in this statement. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory bowel diseases like Crohn disease; however, it is not mentioned in the provided context. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer any connection between Prednisolone and Crohn disease based solely on this statement." -11166436,Prednisolone affects Headache,313,"There may be a subset of patients unable to elicit an appropriate immunosuppressive response to stress through upregulation of cortisol, with resultant exacerbation of their psoriasis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There may be a subset of patients unable to elicit an appropriate immunosuppressive response to stress through upregulation of cortisol, with resultant exacerbation of their psoriasis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Headache."" The statement discusses a potential subset of patients who cannot appropriately respond immunosuppressively to stress through cortisol upregulation, which may exacerbate their psoriasis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory effects and can help suppress the immune system in treating various conditions like psoriasis. However, there is no mention of headaches in the statement nor any connection between Prednisolone and headaches. + Although both prednisolone and aldosterone are steroid hormones that can be influenced by conditions such as sepsis and hemorrhagic shock, there is no clear connection established between these concepts in the provided statement. To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects hypereosinophilic syndrome"", there would need to be some linkage between aldosterone, prednisolone, and hypereosinophilic syndrome, which is not evident in the statement provided." +12057849,Prednisolone affects Crohn disease,312,"In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this review, we summarize the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH, and cortisol on OA, focusing on how different levels of these hormones affect OA pathogenesis and recovery with respect to the circadian clock.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Crohn disease."" The review focuses on the effects of circadian melatonin, TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), and cortisol on osteoarthritis (OA). Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is Crohn disease. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn disease; however, there is no connection made in the statement between prednisolone and Crohn disease. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the claim that prednisolone affects Crohn disease." +11166436,Prednisolone affects Headache,313,"There may be a subset of patients unable to elicit an appropriate immunosuppressive response to stress through upregulation of cortisol, with resultant exacerbation of their psoriasis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Headache"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There may be a subset of patients unable to elicit an appropriate immunosuppressive response to stress through upregulation of cortisol, with resultant exacerbation of their psoriasis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Headache."" The statement discusses a potential subset of patients who cannot appropriately respond immunosuppressively to stress through cortisol upregulation, which may exacerbate their psoriasis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions like psoriasis; however, it does not explicitly mention any connection between Prednisolone use and headaches. - To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects Headache,"" there would need to be some link between Prednisolone usage and headaches either as an adverse effect or potential therapeutic outcome. In some instances, Prednisolone has been associated with headaches as an adverse effect; however, without explicit reference to that connection in the statement provided, it cannot be inferred that Prednisolone affects headaches based on that information alone." -11074135,Prednisolone affects lymphoma,314,"In addition to local effect, topical hydrocortisone therapy of childhood dermatitis is accompanied by a systemic effect that may be pronounced in the acute phase of disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition to local effect, topical hydrocortisone therapy of childhood dermatitis is accompanied by a systemic effect that may be pronounced in the acute phase of disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects lymphoma."" The statement discusses the systemic effect of topical hydrocortisone therapy in childhood dermatitis, which may be pronounced during acute phases of disease. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid with anti-inflammatory properties similar to hydrocortisone; however, the statement does not establish any connection between these corticosteroids and lymphoma. Therefore, further evidence is required to substantiate any potential link between Prednisolone and lymphoma." -10651502,Prednisolone affects kidney disorder,315,"They answered the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-Br), and collected saliva to evaluate CC before and after the end of each month.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""They answered the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-Br), and collected saliva to evaluate CC before and after the end of each month.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects kidney disorder."" The provided statement discusses participants answering questionnaires (FIQ, PSQ, MPQ-Br) and collecting saliva samples to evaluate cortisol concentration (CC) before and after each month. There is no mention of Prednisolone use, kidney disorder, or any connection between these elements in the statement." -10649036,Prednisolone affects chorioretinitis,316,"BACKGROUND: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis plays a crucial role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with high cortisol being associated with disease severity and corticosteroid treatment resulting in earlier time to recovery.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chorioretinitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis plays a crucial role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with high cortisol being associated with disease severity and corticosteroid treatment resulting in earlier time to recovery.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement that prednisolone affects chorioretinitis based on the provided background information about community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and corticosteroid treatment. + To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone affects Headache,"" there should be some linkage between Prednisolone use and headaches in existing literature or biological plausibility. Although corticosteroids like Prednisolone have been associated with headaches as side effects (Hall et al., 2015), the current statement does not provide enough context for such an inference. - The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is responsible for releasing cortisol in response to stressors like infections such as CAP. High cortisol levels have been associated with increased disease severity in CAP patients (Shindo et al., 2017). Corticosteroids like prednisolone mimic cortisol action in the body by binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). + In conclusion, while Prednisolone may have side effects that include headaches, the statement provided does not offer any information that would lead us to believe that Prednisolone has an impact on headaches in patients who cannot appropriately respond immun" +11074135,Prednisolone affects lymphoma,314,"In addition to local effect, topical hydrocortisone therapy of childhood dermatitis is accompanied by a systemic effect that may be pronounced in the acute phase of disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition to local effect, topical hydrocortisone therapy of childhood dermatitis is accompanied by a systemic effect that may be pronounced in the acute phase of disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects lymphoma."" The statement discusses the systemic effect of topical hydrocortisone therapy in childhood dermatitis, which may be pronounced during the acute phase of disease. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, like hydrocortisone, but the statement does not establish any connection between these therapies and lymphoma. To support the claim that prednisolone affects lymphoma, evidence should be provided that demonstrates its impact on lymphoma cells or incidence rates of lymphoma." +10651502,Prednisolone affects kidney disorder,315,"They answered the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-Br), and collected saliva to evaluate CC before and after the end of each month.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""They answered the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ-Br), and collected saliva to evaluate CC before and after the end of each month.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects kidney disorder."" The provided statement discusses participants answering questionnaires (FIQ, PSQ, MPQ-Br) and collecting saliva samples to evaluate cortisol levels before and after each month. There is no mention of Prednisolone use, kidney disorder, or any relationship between them in this context." +10649036,Prednisolone affects chorioretinitis,316,"BACKGROUND: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis plays a crucial role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with high cortisol being associated with disease severity and corticosteroid treatment resulting in earlier time to recovery.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects chorioretinitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis plays a crucial role in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), with high cortisol being associated with disease severity and corticosteroid treatment resulting in earlier time to recovery.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement that prednisolone affects chorioretinitis from the provided background information on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that acts on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by mimicking cortisol action in the body. Cortisol is known to be associated with disease severity in CAP patients, as mentioned in the background statement. - While chorioretinitis is not explicitly mentioned in the background information provided, it is an ocular inflammatory condition that can be influenced by changes in immune response (Rothova et al., 1996). Corticosteroids like prednisolone have been widely used in managing various inflammatory conditions due to their potent anti-inflammatory effects (Fardet et al., 2012). + The background statement also indicates that corticosteroid treatment results in earlier time to recovery in CAP patients. Prednisolone is one such corticosteroid that could be used for treatment purposes. - Therefore, based on the known anti" -10555139,Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease,317,"The incidence of AF was compared among patients who received hydrocortisone, and the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF was estimated using the inverse probability treatment weighting method based on propensity scores.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The incidence of AF was compared among patients who received hydrocortisone, and the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF was estimated using the inverse probability treatment weighting method based on propensity scores.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease."" The statement discusses a study comparing the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) between patients who received hydrocortisone, estimating the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF using propensity scores. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor does it discuss peptic ulcer disease. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information regarding the relationship between Prednisolone and peptic ulcer disease." -10183156,Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis,318,"INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis."" The introduction mentions intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone for treating central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas. Although hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid like prednisolone, they are not identical drugs, and their effects on different conditions may vary significantly. Moreover, ulcerative colitis is not mentioned in the statement at all; therefore, it does not offer any backing for the connection between prednisolone and ulcerative colitis." -9735520,Prednisolone affects Inflammation,319,"INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone affects Inflammation"" from the provided introduction. Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in medical treatments due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid that shares similar anti-inflammatory properties. The fact that hydrocortisone is included in the intrathecal administration of medications for treating leukemias and lymphomas suggests that controlling inflammation is an important aspect of managing these conditions. Therefore, it can be inferred that corticosteroids like prednisolone could have an impact on inflammation in this context as well. However, it is important to note that direct experimental evidence is not provided in the statement; therefore, it only offers indirect support for the claim about prednisolone affecting inflammation." -9361682,Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis,320,"CONCLUSIONS: Early PN did not affect plasma concentrations of ACTH and (free) cortisol, but increased the incidence of septic shock, which statistically explained why more patients on early PN received corticosteroids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Early PN did not affect plasma concentrations of ACTH and (free) cortisol, but increased the incidence of septic shock, which statistically explained why more patients on early PN received corticosteroids.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis."" The conclusion is about early Parenteral Nutrition (PN) impact on plasma concentrations of ACTH and cortisol, as well as its association with an increased incidence of septic shock leading to more corticosteroid usage in patients. It does not mention Prednisolone or osteoarthritis at all. Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, but the conclusion does not establish any connection between Prednisolone use and osteoarthritis treatment or progression." -8533593,Prednisolone affects neoplasm,321,"Sixteen reacted to tixocortol pivalate and also to other corticosteroids, particularly to hydrocortisone, which could explain exacerbations of eczema in these cases.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Sixteen reacted to tixocortol pivalate and also to other corticosteroids, particularly to hydrocortisone, which could explain exacerbations of eczema in these cases.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects neoplasm."" The statement discusses patients who reacted to tixocortol pivalate and other corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, which exacerbated eczema in these cases. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection made between prednisolone and neoplasm (new abnormal growth of tissue). + Chorioretinitis is an inflammation of both the choroid (a part of the eye responsible for blood flow) and retina (the innermost layer of the eye responsible for vision). Corticosteroids like prednisolone have been used in treating chorioretinitis due to their potent anti-inflammatory effects. - Furthermore, prednisolone is primarily used as an anti-inflammatory agent for various conditions such as eczema, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and blood disorders. It does not have a well-established direct link in promoting neoplasm growth based on current medical literature. However, long-term use of corticosteroids like prednisolone may suppress the immune system, which could potentially increase susceptibility to infections and cancer indirectly; but that is not suggested by the statement provided." -7800426,Prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia,322,"Finally, transient pre-treatment of healthy humans with cortisol induces a bi-phasic response during a later, delayed systemic inflammatory response: an intermediate cortisol concentration augments inflammation while a high cortisol concentration is neither pro- nor anti-inflammatory.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Finally, transient pre-treatment of healthy humans with cortisol induces a bi-phasic response during a later, delayed systemic inflammatory response: an intermediate cortisol concentration augments inflammation while a high cortisol concentration is neither pro- nor anti-inflammatory.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). + Therefore, while not explicitly stated in the background information provided, there is indirect support for prednisolone affecting chorioret" +10555139,Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease,317,"The incidence of AF was compared among patients who received hydrocortisone, and the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF was estimated using the inverse probability treatment weighting method based on propensity scores.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The incidence of AF was compared among patients who received hydrocortisone, and the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF was estimated using the inverse probability treatment weighting method based on propensity scores.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects peptic ulcer disease."" The statement discusses a study comparing the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) between patients who received hydrocortisone and estimating the effect of low-dose hydrocortisone on AF using propensity scores. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between hydrocortisone and peptic ulcer disease. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence or inference towards Prednisolone affecting peptic ulcer disease." +10183156,Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis,318,"INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects ulcerative colitis."" The introduction mentions intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone for treating central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas. Although hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid like prednisolone, it is not the same drug, and its use in treating central nervous system complications of leukemias and lymphomas is different from treating ulcerative colitis in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, there is no implicit connection between these two ideas that would lend support to the statement about prednisolone affecting ulcerative colitis." +9735520,Prednisolone affects Inflammation,319,"INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytarabine, and hydrocortisone is commonly used to treat and prevent central nervous system involvement in leukemias and lymphomas.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the statement ""Prednisolone affects Inflammation"" from the provided introduction. Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating inflammatory conditions due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid that shares similar anti-inflammatory properties. - The statement discusses the effects of cortisol on systemic inflammation in healthy humans, not specifically in relation to acute lymphoblastic leukemia or any other disease condition. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to cortisol in structure and function; however, their specific effects on various diseases can differ based on numerous factors such as dosage, duration of treatment, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, target cells/tissues, disease stage, and individual patient characteristics. + In the given statement, hydrocortisone is mentioned as one of the components in a treatment regimen for leukemias and lymphomas that aims to prevent central nervous system involvement. This implies that hydrocortisone is used in part for its anti-inflammatory effects in order to manage potential inflammation associated with these conditions. - Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a complex disease involving genetic mutations in hematopoietic stem cells leading to uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocytes. While glucocorticoids like prednisolone have been used as part of treatment regimens for ALL due to their ability to induce apoptosis in leukemic blasts, they do not exclusively affect ALL cells but also impact normal" + Therefore, since both prednisolone and hydrocortisone belong to the same class of drugs (corticosteroids) known for their anti-inflammatory properties, it can be inferred that prednisolone would also have similar effects on inflammation. However, it is important to note that further investigation would be required for more direct evidence specifically involving prednisolone and its impact on inflammation in the" +9361682,Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis,320,"CONCLUSIONS: Early PN did not affect plasma concentrations of ACTH and (free) cortisol, but increased the incidence of septic shock, which statistically explained why more patients on early PN received corticosteroids.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Early PN did not affect plasma concentrations of ACTH and (free) cortisol, but increased the incidence of septic shock, which statistically explained why more patients on early PN received corticosteroids.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects osteoarthritis."" The conclusion is about early Parenteral Nutrition (PN) affecting plasma concentrations of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) and cortisol, as well as its impact on the incidence of septic shock and corticosteroid usage in patients. It does not mention Prednisolone or osteoarthritis at all. Prednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, but the conclusion discusses corticosteroids in general without specifying Prednisolone as the drug in question. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between Prednisolone and osteoarthritis from this statement." +8533593,Prednisolone affects neoplasm,321,"Sixteen reacted to tixocortol pivalate and also to other corticosteroids, particularly to hydrocortisone, which could explain exacerbations of eczema in these cases.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Sixteen reacted to tixocortol pivalate and also to other corticosteroids, particularly to hydrocortisone, which could explain exacerbations of eczema in these cases.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects neoplasm."" The statement discusses patients who reacted to tixocortol pivalate and other corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, which exacerbated eczema in these cases. Prednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between corticosteroids (including prednisolone) and neoplasm (abnormal growth of cells). Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information regarding prednisolone's effect on neoplasm." +7800426,Prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia,322,"Finally, transient pre-treatment of healthy humans with cortisol induces a bi-phasic response during a later, delayed systemic inflammatory response: an intermediate cortisol concentration augments inflammation while a high cortisol concentration is neither pro- nor anti-inflammatory.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Finally, transient pre-treatment of healthy humans with cortisol induces a bi-phasic response during a later, delayed systemic inflammatory response: an intermediate cortisol concentration augments inflammation while a high cortisol concentration is neither pro- nor anti-inflammatory.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that prednisolone affects acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The statement discusses the effects of cortisol on inflammation in healthy humans, while the claim pertains to prednisolone's impact on ALL. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to cortisol but has different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics; thus, their effects on disease processes may not be identical. Therefore, further evidence specifically linking prednisolone to ALL is required for claim validation." 7395227,Prednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus,323,"Adrenaline induces the early posthypoglycaemic insulin resistance, whereas cortisol and growth hormone are important for the insulin resistance that is observed later following hypoglycaemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Adrenaline induces the early posthypoglycaemic insulin resistance, whereas cortisol and growth hormone are important for the insulin resistance that is observed later following hypoglycaemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus"". - The statement discusses the roles of adrenaline, cortisol, and growth hormone in posthypoglycaemic insulin resistance. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in the treatment of various conditions, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the statement does not mention Prednisolone or SLE, so it does not offer any form of support for the claim that Prednisolone affects SLE. + The statement discusses the roles of adrenaline, cortisol, and growth hormone in insulin resistance following hypoglycaemia. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in the treatment of various conditions including rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). While it is true that cortisol (a natural glucocorticoid) is mentioned in the statement, the context is different as it discusses cortisol's role in insulin resistance, not its potential impact on SLE. - Prednisolone's mechanism of action in treating SLE is through its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, which help manage the overactive immune response seen in SLE patients. The statement provided, however, focuses on hormonal responses to hypoglycaemia and insulin resistance, making it unrelated to Prednisolone's effects on SLE." -21722189,Prednisolone affects Prednisone,324,"RESULTS: Within 24 hours following TBI, the concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH and gastrin increased proportionally to the severity of injury, especially significant in the experimental group (P less than 0.05).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Within 24 hours following TBI, the concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH and gastrin increased proportionally to the severity of injury, especially significant in the experimental group (P less than 0.05).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone."" The provided result is about increased concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), and gastrin following traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially in the experimental group (P less than 0.05). Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids; however, there is no mention of either in this statement, making it impossible to draw any conclusions about their interaction based on this information alone." -9655099,Prednisolone has input Prednisone,325,NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This case is the first published report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has input Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This case is the first published report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone has input Prednisone"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses a case report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI (Critical Illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency) associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog. It does not mention Prednisolone or its relationship to Prednisone. + Therefore, the statement does not offer any relevant information or indirect support regarding the effect of Prednisolone on systemic lupus erythematosus. To evaluate such an effect, one would need to examine studies specifically investigating Prednisolone's impact on SLE." +21722189,Prednisolone affects Prednisone,324,"RESULTS: Within 24 hours following TBI, the concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH and gastrin increased proportionally to the severity of injury, especially significant in the experimental group (P less than 0.05).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Within 24 hours following TBI, the concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH and gastrin increased proportionally to the severity of injury, especially significant in the experimental group (P less than 0.05).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone affects Prednisone."" The provided result is about increased concentrations of total cortisol, ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone), and gastrin following traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially significant in an experimental group (P less than 0.05). Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids; however, there is no mention of either in the statement, nor is there any information about how one might affect the other. To establish support for that phrase, additional context or evidence specifically linking Prednisolone and Prednisone would be required." +9655099,Prednisolone has input Prednisone,325,NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This case is the first published report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone has input Prednisone"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""NEW OR UNIQUE INFORMATION PROVIDED: This case is the first published report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone has input Prednisone"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses a case report of hydrocortisone-responsive hypotension and transient CIRCI (Compensatory Anti-inflammatory Response Syndrome Critical Illness) associated with naturally occurring septic shock in a dog. It does not mention Prednisolone or its relationship with Prednisone. - Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used for their anti-inflammatory effects. Prednisone is metabolized into Prednisolone in the liver after absorption. Therefore, while they have similar effects, Prednisolone does not ""input"" Prednisone; rather, it is a metabolite of Prednisone. + Prednisolone and Prednisone are both corticosteroids used for their anti-inflammatory effects. Prednisone is metabolized into Prednisolone in the liver after absorption. Therefore, while they have similar effects, Prednisolone does not ""input"" Prednisone; rather, it is a metabolite of Prednisone. - The statement provided does not discuss this metabolic relationship or any other context that would provide indirect support for the phrase in question." + In conclusion, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone has input Prednisone"" in the given statement due to the lack of mention of Prednisolone or its relationship with Prednisone in the provided context." 27206106,Prednisolone disrupts uveitis,326,Several types of the congenital adrenal hyperplasias are associated with decreased cortisol production and excessive adrenal sex steroid secretion.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts uveitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Several types of the congenital adrenal hyperplasias are associated with decreased cortisol production and excessive adrenal sex steroid secretion.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts uveitis."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory conditions such as uveitis due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. The statement given discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasias (CAH), which are genetic disorders affecting cortisol production and adrenal sex steroid secretion in the adrenal glands. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone used in medical treatment for various conditions including uveitis due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. The statement given discusses congenital adrenal hyperplasias (CAH), which are genetic disorders affecting cortisol production and adrenal sex steroid secretion in the adrenal glands. Although both Prednisolone and CAH involve cortisol production, they represent different biological contexts. - Although both Prednisolone and CAH involve cortisol production, they have different implications for uveitis. Decreased cortisol production in CAH may lead to increased inflammation since cortisol helps regulate immune responses. However, administering exogenous corticosteroids like Prednisolone can suppress inflammation by binding to glucocorticoid receptors in immune cells. - - Therefore, while CAH may be indirectly related to uveitis due to altered cortisol levels, it does not provide any support for Prednisolone disrupting uveitis. Instead, Prednisolone is used" + The statement about CAH does not mention Prednisolone nor uveitis; therefore, it does not provide any support for the claim that Prednisolone disrupts uveitis. The relationship between these two statements can only be established if there is evidence showing that Prednisolone-induced disruption of uveitis is linked to CAH-related decreased cortisol production or excessive adrenal sex steroid secretion, which is not suggested by the given statement." 26515767,Prednisolone disrupts neoplasm,327,[Use of cryo-apheresis in the treatment of patients with cortisol-dependent bronchial asthma].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Use of cryo-apheresis in the treatment of patients with cortisol-dependent bronchial asthma].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts neoplasm."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases such as asthma due to its potent anti-inflammatory effects. Cryo-apheresis is a medical procedure that removes plasma from the patient's bloodstream and cools it rapidly before reinfusing the patient's blood minus the pathogenic components. The statement discusses using cryo-apheresis in treating cortisol-dependent bronchial asthma but does not mention Prednisolone nor imply any disruption of neoplasm (abnormal tissue growth that can potentially develop into cancer). - - A connection between Prednisolone and disrupted neoplasm could be established if there were evidence showing Prednisolone inhibiting neoplasm growth or development; however, that information is absent from the statement provided. Therefore, it is not possible to infer indirect support for the given phrase based on the statement alone." -26379811,Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis,328,Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%).""?","No, the statement ""Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%)"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis."" - - The statement in question pertains to the effect of HC (presumably Hydrocortisone) on hypotension after recruitment, which is not related to Prednisolone or contact dermatitis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used for its anti-inflammatory effects, while hypotension refers to abnormally low blood pressure. Therefore, there is no clear connection between these two pieces of information that would allow us to infer that Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis." -25763558,Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia,329,Fetal plasma cortisol concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) during all levels of hypoxia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fetal plasma cortisol concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) during all levels of hypoxia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia."" + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases such as asthma due to its anti-inflammatory properties. Cryo-apheresis is a medical procedure that removes certain components from the blood using cooling techniques. The statement discusses using cryo-apheresis in treating cortisol-dependent bronchial asthma but does not mention Prednisolone or its potential impact on neoplasm (abnormal tissue growth that can lead to cancer). - The statement provided discusses an increase in fetal plasma cortisol concentrations during hypoxia. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used to reduce inflammation, and it has structural similarities to cortisol, which is a natural glucocorticoid in humans. However, even though there is a connection between Prednisolone and cortisol, the statement does not mention pneumonia or any disruption caused by Prednisolone in pneumonia cases. + To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone disrupts neoplasm,"" there should be some connection between Prednisolone, its known effects (such as anti-inflammatory properties), or its potential side effects (such as immunosuppression) that could lead to disrupting neoplasm growth. However, in this case, no such connection is evident in the provided statement. - To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia,"" there should be some link between Prednisolone, cortisol increase during hypoxia, and pneumonia in the statement. As it stands, there is no clear connection between these elements in the provided evidence. + It is essential to base conclusions on solid evidence that directly addresses the claim in question. Inaccurate conclusions can lead to misinformation and potentially" +26379811,Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis,328,Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%).""?","No, the statement ""Hypotension after recruitment was reduced by HC (0 vs. 30%)"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts contact dermatitis."" - It is essential to base conclusions on strong evidence that explicitly supports the claim in question. The provided statement does not meet these criteria; therefore, it does not indirectly support the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia.""" -25233555,Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease,330,"INTRA-CELL CORTISOL: Attention is also focused on the potential implication of cortisol in the genesis of metabolic syndrome, because cortisol is a potent antagonist of the effect of insulin and its presence in excess enhances visceral obesity and insulin resistance.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRA-CELL CORTISOL: Attention is also focused on the potential implication of cortisol in the genesis of metabolic syndrome, because cortisol is a potent antagonist of the effect of insulin and its presence in excess enhances visceral obesity and insulin resistance.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease."" + The statement in question pertains to the effect of HC (presumably Hydrocortisone) on hypotension after recruitment, which is not related to Prednisolone or contact dermatitis. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various inflammatory conditions, while contact dermatitis is an inflammatory skin reaction resulting from exposure to specific allergens or irritants. - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in medicine due to its anti-inflammatory effects, which can help manage various conditions such as allergies, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. Cortisol, on the other hand, is a natural glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress reaction among other functions. + The two statements discuss different subjects (HC vs Prednisolone) and outcomes (hypotension vs contact dermatitis), making it impossible to infer any relationship between them without additional context or evidence linking Prednisolone and contact dermatitis." +25763558,Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia,329,Fetal plasma cortisol concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) during all levels of hypoxia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fetal plasma cortisol concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) during all levels of hypoxia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia."" - The passage provided focuses on cortisol's potential implications in metabolic syndrome by antagonizing insulin effects, enhancing visceral obesity, and promoting insulin resistance. Although prednisolone shares similar anti-inflammatory properties as cortisol because they both belong to the glucocorticoid class of hormones, it does not necessarily mean that prednisolone disrupts allergic disease through cortisol-related mechanisms mentioned in the passage. + The statement refers to an increase in fetal plasma cortisol concentrations during hypoxia. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used to reduce inflammation, and it has structural similarity to cortisol, which is a natural glucocorticoid in humans. However, even though there is a relationship between cortisol and inflammation (with higher cortisol levels generally reducing inflammation), the statement does not provide any information about pneumonia, its disruption by Prednisolone, or even about Prednisolone itself being present in the study. - To establish whether prednisolone disrupts allergic disease, one would need evidence specifically addressing prednisol" + To provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone disrupts pneumonia,"" there would need to be some connection between Prednisolone, pneumonia, and disruption—none of which is mentioned in the given statement." +25233555,Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease,330,"INTRA-CELL CORTISOL: Attention is also focused on the potential implication of cortisol in the genesis of metabolic syndrome, because cortisol is a potent antagonist of the effect of insulin and its presence in excess enhances visceral obesity and insulin resistance.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRA-CELL CORTISOL: Attention is also focused on the potential implication of cortisol in the genesis of metabolic syndrome, because cortisol is a potent antagonist of the effect of insulin and its presence in excess enhances visceral obesity and insulin resistance.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts allergic disease."" The statement discusses cortisol's potential role in metabolic syndrome, focusing on its antagonistic effect on insulin and its contribution to obesity and insulin resistance. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in treating various conditions, including allergic diseases; however, it is not explicitly mentioned in the statement nor is there any connection made between cortisol's effect on metabolic syndrome and prednisolone's impact on allergic disease." 14331279,Prednisolone disrupts hypereosinophilic syndrome,331,The effect of hydrocortisone on standardized skin-surface trauma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of hydrocortisone on standardized skin-surface trauma.""?","No, the statement ""The effect of hydrocortisone on standardized skin-surface trauma"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts hypereosinophilic syndrome."" - Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone are both corticosteroids used in treating various conditions, but they have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties. Hydrocortisone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in treating skin conditions, whereas Prednisolone is often used for its immunosuppressive properties in treating disorders like hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). + Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone are both corticosteroids used in treating various conditions, but they have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties. Hydrocortisone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in treating skin conditions, whereas Prednisolone is often used for its immunosuppressive properties in treating various immune-mediated disorders like hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). - The statement concerning hydrocortisone and skin-surface trauma is not related to HES, an eosinophil-related disorder characterized by elevated eosinophil levels in blood and tissues leading to inflammation and organ damage. Prednisolone may disrupt HES by suppressing eosinophil production in bone marrow; however, hydrocortisone has not been shown to have similar effects on eosinophilic syndromes. + The statement about hydrocortisone's effect on skin-surface trauma is not related to HES, which is characterized by an abnormal increase in eosinophils (a type of white blood cell) in the bloodstream and tissues. Prednisolone's disruption of HES is attributed mainly to its immunosuppressive properties that help regulate eosinophil production and activation. - Therefore, without further evidence link" + Therefore, without additional evidence linking hydrocortisone use" 10594561,Prednisolone disrupts asthma,332,The action of hydrocortisone in synovial inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The action of hydrocortisone in synovial inflammation.""?","No, the statement ""The action of hydrocortisone in synovial inflammation"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts asthma."" Hydrocortisone and Prednisolone are both corticosteroids, but they have different specific uses and effects in the body due to their slightly different chemical structures. Hydrocortisone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in conditions such as synovial inflammation (inflammation of the synovial membrane in joints), while Prednisolone is often used for its immunosuppressive effects in conditions such as asthma. - Therefore, while the statement about hydrocortisone in synovial inflammation may provide some general support for the use of corticosteroids in managing inflammation, it does not specifically support the claim that Prednisolone disrupts asthma. The specific mechanisms of action and effects of Prednisolone in asthma would need to be evaluated separately." + Therefore, while the statement about hydrocortisone's action in synovial inflammation is true, it does not indirectly support the statement about Prednisolone disrupting asthma. The two statements involve different corticosteroids acting in different bodily systems (the immune system in the case of Prednisolone and asthma, and the inflammatory response in joints in the case of hydrocortisone). + + It is important" 8854473,Prednisolone disrupts Inflammation,333,"The effects of stressful life events, coping, and cortisol on HIV infection.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of stressful life events, coping, and cortisol on HIV infection.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone disrupts Inflammation"" from the statement ""The effects of stressful life events, coping, and cortisol on HIV infection."" - Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is often used to reduce inflammation because it mimics the function of cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the body in response to stress. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress reaction by binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GR) in various cells throughout the body. Prednisolone also binds to these receptors to exert its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and suppressing immune cell function. + Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid drug that is often used to reduce inflammation because it mimics the function of cortisol, a hormone naturally produced by the body in response to stress. Cortisol helps regulate metabolism, immune response, and stress response by binding to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in cells throughout the body. Prednisolone also binds to these receptors and influences gene expression, which can lead to decreased inflammation. - The statement ""The effects of stressful life events, coping, and cortisol on HIV infection"" implies that cortisol is involved in modulating immune responses during HIV infection. Stressful life events can lead to increased cortisol levels in the body, which can impact immune function both positively (e" -27646185,Prednisolone prevents allergic disease,334,"Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.""?","No, the statement ""Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents allergic disease."" - - The reason is that hydrocortisone and prednisolone belong to the same class of drugs (glucocorticoids), but they are not interchangeable in terms of their specific effects on the immune system and disease processes. Hydrocortisone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in conditions such as septic shock, whereas prednisolone is often used in allergic diseases due to its immunosuppressive properties that can help mitigate hypersensitivity reactions. + The statement ""The effects of stressful life events, coping, and cortisol on HIV infection"" implies that cortisol has an impact on immune function, which is closely linked to inflammation. Stressful life events can increase cortisol levels in the body, which in turn can affect immune cell function and potentially influence HIV infection outcomes. - Furthermore, the study design mentioned does not involve an allergic disease model or any allergic response measurement; therefore, it does not provide any relevant context for assessing prednisolone's potential impact on allergic disease prevention. + - In conclusion, although both drugs belong to the same class, their specific effects on different disease processes and" + Therefore, since Prednis" +27646185,Prednisolone prevents allergic disease,334,"Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents allergic disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents allergic disease."" The study referenced investigates the immunologic and hemodynamic effects of ""low-dose"" hydrocortisone in septic shock, not its potential preventative effects on allergic diseases. Prednisolone is also distinct from hydrocortisone in terms of its chemical structure and therapeutic applications. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw conclusions about Prednisolone's effects on allergic disease based on this study alone." 26227245,Prednisolone prevents synovitis,335,"To prolong the anti-tumor effect some mice were also given cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, or a second injection of virus.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents synovitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To prolong the anti-tumor effect some mice were also given cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, or a second injection of virus.""?","No, the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents synovitis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""To prolong the anti-tumor effect some mice were also given cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, or a second injection of virus."" - The statement provided mentions three different treatments (cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, and a second injection of virus) that were used in an attempt to prolong the anti-tumor effect in mice. Among these treatments is hydrocortisone, which is a type of corticosteroid similar to prednisolone. However, it is not prednisolone itself, nor does it provide evidence for prednisolone specifically preventing synovitis. - - Synovitis is an inflammation of the synovial membrane, which can be caused by various factors including autoimmune diseases, infections, or trauma. Prednisolone is known for its anti-inflammatory properties; however, stating that it prevents synovitis would require direct evidence showing its efficacy in preventing synovitis in particular. + The statement provided mentions three different treatments (cyclophosphamide, hydrocortisone, and a second injection of virus) that were used in an attempt to prolong the anti-tumor effect in mice. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid similar to prednisolone but they are not identical compounds. Even if they had similar effects on synovitis (which is not stated in the provided information), it would still not provide support for prednisolone specifically preventing synovitis since hydrocortisone was only given as part of an anti-tumor treatment regimen rather than as a targeted therapy for synovitis prevention. - To provide indirect support for prednisolone preventing synovitis" -19453072,Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome,336,"In conclusion, HRT in postmenopausal asthmatic women has a favorable influence on the course of asthma, reduces daily use of glucocorticosteroids and frequency of asthma exacerbations and normalizes serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol and DHEAS, which were decreased before HRT.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, HRT in postmenopausal asthmatic women has a favorable influence on the course of asthma, reduces daily use of glucocorticosteroids and frequency of asthma exacerbations and normalizes serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol and DHEAS, which were decreased before HRT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome"". The statement discusses hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal asthmatic women, its effects on asthma course, glucocorticosteroid use, frequency of asthma exacerbations, and serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol, and DHEAS. There is no mention of Prednisolone or hypereosinophilic syndrome in the statement. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, while hypereosinophilic syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by an overproduction of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell). Therefore, these two subjects are unrelated based on the provided statement." -16706850,Prednisolone prevents neoplasm,337,"However, after adjusting for the effect of obesity by multiple regression, higher plasma cortisol was independently associated with higher diastolic blood pressure in men (r = 0.21, P = 0.04) but not in women, and higher fasting serum triglyceride levels in women (r = 0.28, P < 0. 001) but not in men.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, after adjusting for the effect of obesity by multiple regression, higher plasma cortisol was independently associated with higher diastolic blood pressure in men (r = 0.21, P = 0.04) but not in women, and higher fasting serum triglyceride levels in women (r = 0.28, P < 0. 001) but not in men.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents neoplasm."" The provided statement discusses an association between higher plasma cortisol levels and certain health parameters in men and women, but it does not mention prednisolone or neoplasm (tumors) at all. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders; it is not typically used as a preventative measure for neoplasms. Therefore, without any connection to prednisolone or neoplasm in the statement, it cannot lend indirect support to that phrase." -15809068,Prednisolone prevents colitis,338,"ii) Reduction of cortisone to cortisol in the liver may increase insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inhibition of the enzyme may lead to a decrease in gluconeogenesis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ii) Reduction of cortisone to cortisol in the liver may increase insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inhibition of the enzyme may lead to a decrease in gluconeogenesis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone prevents colitis."" The statement discusses the relationship between cortisone reduction in the liver, insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gluconeogenesis inhibition. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including colitis. + Furthermore, synovitis was not mentioned in the original statement as being affected by any of these treatments; therefore, no indirect evidence can be inferred regarding prednisolone preventing synovitis based on that statement alone." +19453072,Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome,336,"In conclusion, HRT in postmenopausal asthmatic women has a favorable influence on the course of asthma, reduces daily use of glucocorticosteroids and frequency of asthma exacerbations and normalizes serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol and DHEAS, which were decreased before HRT.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, HRT in postmenopausal asthmatic women has a favorable influence on the course of asthma, reduces daily use of glucocorticosteroids and frequency of asthma exacerbations and normalizes serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol and DHEAS, which were decreased before HRT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents hypereosinophilic syndrome"". The statement discusses hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in postmenopausal asthmatic women, its effects on asthma course, glucocorticosteroid use, frequency of asthma exacerbations, and serum concentrations of estradiol, cortisol, and DHEAS. There is no mention of Prednisolone or hypereosinophilic syndrome in the statement. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, while hypereosinophilic syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by an overproduction of eosinophils (a type of white blood cell). Therefore, these two subjects are unrelated in the context of the given statement." +16706850,Prednisolone prevents neoplasm,337,"However, after adjusting for the effect of obesity by multiple regression, higher plasma cortisol was independently associated with higher diastolic blood pressure in men (r = 0.21, P = 0.04) but not in women, and higher fasting serum triglyceride levels in women (r = 0.28, P < 0. 001) but not in men.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, after adjusting for the effect of obesity by multiple regression, higher plasma cortisol was independently associated with higher diastolic blood pressure in men (r = 0.21, P = 0.04) but not in women, and higher fasting serum triglyceride levels in women (r = 0.28, P < 0. 001) but not in men.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents neoplasm."" The statement discusses the association of higher plasma cortisol levels with diastolic blood pressure in men and fasting serum triglyceride levels in women, but it does not mention prednisolone or neoplasm (tumor) at all. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating various inflammatory diseases; however, there is no connection made in the statement between prednisolone and neoplasm prevention. To establish indirect support for such a claim, there should be some link between cortisol (or glucocorticoids), obesity, and neoplasm prevention—but no such link is provided in the statement given." +15809068,Prednisolone prevents colitis,338,"ii) Reduction of cortisone to cortisol in the liver may increase insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inhibition of the enzyme may lead to a decrease in gluconeogenesis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""ii) Reduction of cortisone to cortisol in the liver may increase insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and inhibition of the enzyme may lead to a decrease in gluconeogenesis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for ""Prednisolone prevents colitis."" The provided statement discusses the relationship between cortisone reduction in the liver, cortisol levels, insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus, and gluconeogenesis inhibition. While prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can act similarly to cortisol in the body, there is no direct connection between these two concepts presented in the statement. To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone prevents colitis,"" there would need to be some link between prednisolone use and reduced risk of colitis development in patients, which is not mentioned in the provided statement." +11858005,Prednisolone prevents asthma,339,"Pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin within 4 days altered in subsequent acute hypoxia (3 hrs, ""height"" 10 000 m) the isoenzyme spectrum of LDH in lungs, liver tissue and kidney cortex.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin within 4 days altered in subsequent acute hypoxia (3 hrs, ""height"" 10 000 m) the isoenzyme spectrum of LDH in lungs, liver tissue and kidney cortex.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents asthma."" The statement discusses the effects of pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin on the isoenzyme spectrum of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in lungs, liver tissue, and kidney cortex under acute hypoxia conditions. Prednisolone is neither mentioned nor implied in this statement. Furthermore, while both prednisolone and hydrocortisone are glucocorticoids used in treating asthma symptoms, they do not equate to asthma prevention. Therefore, any connection between these two statements would be speculative at best." +10983909,Prednisolone prevents leprosy,340,Previously we related persistent cortisol increases to memory impairments in elderly humans studied over five years.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Previously we related persistent cortisol increases to memory impairments in elderly humans studied over five years.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents leprosy."" The initial statement discusses cortisol increases being related to memory impairments in elderly humans over five years. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used as an anti-inflammatory drug and has some structural similarity to cortisol; however, it does not necessarily imply that it prevents leprosy. - Although Prednisolone may impact glucose metabolism due to its glucocorticoid activity, there is no direct connection between its mechanism of action (anti-inflammatory effects) and prevention of colitis mentioned in the statement provided. The statement focuses on metabolic effects related to cortisone reduction in type 2 diabetes mellitus rather than colitis prevention by Prednisolone. + The connection between cortisol (a stress hormone) and memory impairment in elderly individuals does not provide any direct or indirect evidence that Prednisolone has an impact on leprosy prevention. Leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection, which is not addressed in either statement. Therefore, further investigation is required to establish any potential link between Prednisolone use and leprosy prevention." +10240036,Prednisolone prevents Inflammation,341,It was suggested that the progressive shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production characteristic of HIV infection could be at least partially provoked by the increase in the production of cortisol and the reduction of DHEA.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It was suggested that the progressive shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production characteristic of HIV infection could be at least partially provoked by the increase in the production of cortisol and the reduction of DHEA.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents Inflammation"" from the statement provided. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid hormone that acts similarly to cortisol in the body. The statement suggests that an increase in cortisol production (and reduction of DHEA) could contribute to inflammation in HIV infection due to a shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production. Since Prednisolone has anti-inflammatory effects by reducing cytokine production (similar to cortisol), it could potentially prevent inflammation in HIV infection by counteracting these effects. However, it is essential to consider that Prednisolone may have side effects that need careful monitoring in clinical settings." +18452194,Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis,342,CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that 24 h urinary free cortisol could be considered as a potential index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis and it potentially detects patients with a high mortality risk.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that 24 h urinary free cortisol could be considered as a potential index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis and it potentially detects patients with a high mortality risk.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about using 24-hour urinary free cortisol as an index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis who have a high mortality risk. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in treating various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases; it is not mentioned in the statement provided. - To establish indirect support for ""Prednisolone prevents colitis,"" there would need to be some link between Prednisolone usage and reduced risk of colitis development or exacerbation based on its mechanism of action (" -11858005,Prednisolone prevents asthma,339,"Pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin within 4 days altered in subsequent acute hypoxia (3 hrs, ""height"" 10 000 m) the isoenzyme spectrum of LDH in lungs, liver tissue and kidney cortex.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin within 4 days altered in subsequent acute hypoxia (3 hrs, ""height"" 10 000 m) the isoenzyme spectrum of LDH in lungs, liver tissue and kidney cortex.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents asthma."" The statement discusses the effects of pretreatment of rats with hydrocortisone or protamin-Zn-insulin on the isoenzyme spectrum of LDH in lungs, liver tissue, and kidney cortex under acute hypoxia conditions. Prednisolone is a glucocorticoid used in asthma treatment; however, the statement does not mention asthma nor any protective effect of these substances against asthma development or symptoms. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that Prednisolone prevents asthma." -10983909,Prednisolone prevents leprosy,340,Previously we related persistent cortisol increases to memory impairments in elderly humans studied over five years.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents leprosy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Previously we related persistent cortisol increases to memory impairments in elderly humans studied over five years.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents leprosy."" The initial statement discusses cortisol increases being related to memory impairments in elderly humans over five years. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in medicine as an anti-inflammatory drug; it is not mentioned in the initial statement. - - The connection between cortisol (a stress hormone naturally produced in humans) and memory impairment is not equivalent to Prednisolone preventing leprosy because Prednisolone is not cortisol but rather mimics its effects in certain contexts when administered exogenously as a therapeutic agent. Furthermore, leprosy is caused by Mycobacterium leprae infection, which is not mentioned in either statement. Therefore, there is no clear link between cortisol increases in elderly humans and leprosy prevention by Prednisolone based on these statements alone." -10240036,Prednisolone prevents Inflammation,341,It was suggested that the progressive shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production characteristic of HIV infection could be at least partially provoked by the increase in the production of cortisol and the reduction of DHEA.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone prevents Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It was suggested that the progressive shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production characteristic of HIV infection could be at least partially provoked by the increase in the production of cortisol and the reduction of DHEA.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The user suggests that an increase in cortisol levels and reduction of DHEA in HIV infection may contribute to a shift from type 1 to type 2 cytokine production, which is associated with inflammation. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that can reduce inflammation by inhibiting the production of cytokines (including both type 1 and type 2), which is one of its primary mechanisms of action (1). - - By extension, if increased cortisol levels (a glucocorticoid like Prednisolone) contribute to inflammation in HIV infection through cytokine dysregulation as suggested by the user, then it could be hypothesized that exogenous administration of Prednisolone might help mitigate inflammation by restoring balance in cytokine production (2). However, it is essential to acknowledge that such an inference is based on indirect evidence, as no direct reference is made in the user's statement about Prednisolone specifically preventing inflammation in HIV infection. - - Additionally, it is crucial to consider that glucoc" -18452194,Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis,342,CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that 24 h urinary free cortisol could be considered as a potential index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis and it potentially detects patients with a high mortality risk.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that 24 h urinary free cortisol could be considered as a potential index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis and it potentially detects patients with a high mortality risk.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone exacerbates ulcerative colitis."" The conclusion drawn in the statement is about using 24-hour urinary free cortisol as an index of adrenal cortisol production in patients with liver cirrhosis who have a high mortality risk. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in various inflammatory conditions; ulcerative colitis is one of them. Although Prednisolone has an impact on cortisol levels due to its glucocorticoid nature, there is no direct link established between Prednisolone exacerbation of ulcerative colitis based on the provided conclusion statement." -25753407,Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm,343,Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the partial or complete deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone production from the adrenal glands.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the partial or complete deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone production from the adrenal glands.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm."" The connection between congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), cortisol and aldosterone production deficiency, and prednisolone predisposition to neoplasm is not evident in the provided statement. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases and as a replacement therapy in adrenal insufficiency disorders such as CAH. However, there is no direct link established between prednisolone usage and neoplasm (cancer) predisposition in the statement provided." -16546227,Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia,344,[Reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion)].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion)].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia."" The statement discusses the reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion). Prednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between cortisol production, prednisolone, and pneumonia. Prednicarbate is a different glucocorticoid from prednisolone and has distinct pharmacological properties. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such conclusions based on this information alone." + The statement discusses cortisol levels in patients with liver cirrhosis as an indicator of mortality risk but does not mention any connection between prednisolone use and ulcerative colitis exacerbation. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to draw such conclusions based on the given statement without additional evidence linking prednisolone use and ulcerative colitis exacerbation." +25753407,Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm,343,Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the partial or complete deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone production from the adrenal glands.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is an autosomal recessive disorder that leads to the partial or complete deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone production from the adrenal glands.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes neoplasm."" The connection between congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), cortisol and aldosterone production deficiency, and prednisolone predisposing neoplasm is not evident in the provided statement. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders; it is not inherently predisposing an individual to neoplasm (cancer). However, long-term use of glucocorticoids like prednisolone can have side effects that may increase cancer risk in some individuals due to their immunosuppressive properties; but that is not explicitly stated in the provided information about CAH." +16546227,Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia,344,[Reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion)].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion)].""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Prednisolone predisposes pneumonia."" The statement discusses the reaction of autogenous cortisol production in patients with extensive psoriasis vulgaris or atopic dermatitis following external administration of a 0.25% prednicarbate salve (W/O emulsion). Prednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between cortisol production, prednisolone, and pneumonia. Prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in treating inflammatory diseases due to its anti-inflammatory effects; however, its potential association with pneumonia would require separate evidence linking these two factors together." 27027571,Hydrocortisone related to HIV infectious disease,345,"OBJECTIVE: Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), the cortisol transport protein, is cleaved from high-affinity (haCBG) to low-affinity (laCBG) CBG at sites of inflammation releasing bioavailable, anti-inflammatory cortisol.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG), the cortisol transport protein, is cleaved from high-affinity (haCBG) to low-affinity (laCBG) CBG at sites of inflammation releasing bioavailable, anti-inflammatory cortisol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to HIV infectious disease."" - The statement discusses the cleavage of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) at sites of inflammation, releasing bioavailable cortisol which is an anti-inflammatory agent. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, also known as corticosteroid, which is used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. + The statement discusses the cleavage of corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) at sites of inflammation, releasing bioavailable cortisol which is an anti-inflammatory agent. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, also known as corticosteroid, which is used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders due to its anti-inflammatory properties. - HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a virus that attacks the immune system leading to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome). The connection between hydrocortisone and HIV infectious disease is not evident in the provided statement as it does not mention HIV or AIDS nor does it imply any relationship between hydrocortisone and HIV infectious disease. + However, HIV infectious disease is not mentioned in the statement nor is there any connection made between hydrocortisone (or cortisol) and HIV in any way. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the given phrase. - Therefore, additional information or evidence would be required to establish any link between hydrocortisone and HIV infectious disease." -25927636,Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest,346,The propensity to develop type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome depends on the propensity to release of cortisol which correlates with race.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The propensity to develop type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome depends on the propensity to release of cortisol which correlates with race.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest."" + It is important to note that while hydrocortisone has immunosuppressive effects which could potentially impact immune function in individuals living with HIV, there is no direct evidence in the statement provided that specifically links hydrocortisone to HIV infectious disease." +25927636,Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest,346,The propensity to develop type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome depends on the propensity to release of cortisol which correlates with race.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The propensity to develop type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome depends on the propensity to release of cortisol which correlates with race.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cardiac arrest"". - The statement discusses the relationship between race and the propensity to release cortisol, which in turn affects the likelihood of developing type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome. Cortisol is a hormone that the body produces in response to stress; hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol often used in medication. + The statement discusses the relationship between race and the propensity to release cortisol, which in turn influences the development of type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes/metabolic syndrome. Cortisol is a type of glucocorticoid hormone that the body produces in response to stress; hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of this hormone often used in medication. - While both cortisol and hydrocortisone have similar effects on the body (including increasing blood sugar levels), they are not identical. Moreover, the statement does not mention any connection between cortisol release and cardiac arrest. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone is related to cardiac arrest. + While both cortisol and hydrocortisone have similar effects on the body (including increasing blood sugar levels), they are not identical. Moreover, the statement does not mention any connection between cortisol release and cardiac arrest. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone is related to cardiac arrest. - However, it is important to note that high levels of cortisol (or hydrocortisone) can have various negative health effects, including increased risk of heart disease. But this does not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone is directly related to cardiac arrest. It is always crucial to consider the full context of a statement and the broader body" -25797574,Hydrocortisone related to lymphoma,347,"CIRCI is characterized by an inadequate production of cortisol in relation to an increased demand during periods of severe stress, particularly in critical illnesses such as sepsis or septic shock.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CIRCI is characterized by an inadequate production of cortisol in relation to an increased demand during periods of severe stress, particularly in critical illnesses such as sepsis or septic shock.""?","Yes, indirectly it does. The statement suggests that in Critical Illness-Related Corticosteroid Insufficiency (CIRCI), there is an increased demand for cortisol during severe stress conditions such as sepsis or septic shock, but the body fails to produce adequate amounts of cortisol. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol often used in treating conditions like CIRCI. Therefore, one could infer that hydrocortisone might have a role in managing lymphoma if it arises in the context of severe stress-induced corticosteroid insufficiency. However, it is important to note that this inference is based on indirect association and does not establish causation or direct correlation between hydrocortisone use and lymphoma. Further specific research would be required to make such a claim." -25131277,Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease,348,Synacthen test diagnosed Addison's disease with a clear deficiency of cortisol production.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Synacthen test diagnosed Addison's disease with a clear deficiency of cortisol production.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease."" The Synacthen test diagnosing Addison's disease with cortisol production deficiency is related to Hydrocortisone only insofar as Hydrocortisone can be used as replacement therapy for Addison's disease due to its cortisol-like properties. However, it does not establish any connection between Hydrocortisone and Crohn disease. Crohn disease is an inflammatory bowel disease, while Addison's disease is an endocrine disorder; they have different etiologies and pathophysiological processes. Therefore, further evidence would be required to establish any relationship between Hydrocortisone and Crohn disease." -19793698,Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse,349,"Enhanced cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression correlate with visceral fat and insulin resistance in men: effect of weight loss.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Enhanced cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression correlate with visceral fat and insulin resistance in men: effect of weight loss.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse."" The statement discusses cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression in relation to visceral fat and insulin resistance in men, and how these factors change in response to weight loss. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but alcohol abuse is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection established between hydrocortisone and alcohol abuse in this context." -19531872,Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation,350,"Obesity is also related to dysregulation of cortisol production by the pre-receptor enzyme, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and we speculate that this may have a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and raised ICP seen in IIH.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Obesity is also related to dysregulation of cortisol production by the pre-receptor enzyme, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and we speculate that this may have a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and raised ICP seen in IIH.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses obesity's relationship with cortisol production dysregulation through the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, which is not directly related to hydrocortisone or atrial fibrillation. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not suggest any connection between cortisol dysregulation due to obesity and atrial fibrillation." -18705900,Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder,351,"This is an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors, in which the left adrenocortical tumor produced and secreted cortisol or both cortisol and aldosterone and the right one produced and secreted both aldosterone and cortisol, as confirmed by clinical findings and pathological studies using immunohistochemical analysis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors, in which the left adrenocortical tumor produced and secreted cortisol or both cortisol and aldosterone and the right one produced and secreted both aldosterone and cortisol, as confirmed by clinical findings and pathological studies using immunohistochemical analysis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder."" The statement discusses an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors that produce and secrete cortisol and aldosterone; however, it does not mention any connection between these tumors or their hormonal secretions (including hydrocortisone) and phobic disorders. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between hydrocortisone and phobic disorder from this statement alone." -15155784,Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis,352,"We conclude that the clinical picture of late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants is not a result of an absolute deficiency of cortisol production, but may be a result of a limited ability to synthesize sufficient cortisol for the degree of clinical stress.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We conclude that the clinical picture of late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants is not a result of an absolute deficiency of cortisol production, but may be a result of a limited ability to synthesize sufficient cortisol for the degree of clinical stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis."" The conclusion in the statement is about late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants, which is related to cortisol production but does not mention hydrocortisone or psoriasis. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol used in medical treatments for various conditions including adrenal insufficiency but not explicitly psoriasis. Therefore, without additional information linking hydrocortisone and psoriasis, there is no basis for such a connection in this context." -14891361,"Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic",353,"Ironically, despite our understanding of the various stressors that promote chronic adult-onset asthma, most of which are known to elevate cortisol production via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inhaled and systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay for the treatment of chronic asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ironically, despite our understanding of the various stressors that promote chronic adult-onset asthma, most of which are known to elevate cortisol production via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inhaled and systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay for the treatment of chronic asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic."" The statement discusses corticosteroids as a treatment for chronic asthma, but it does not mention hydrocortisone specifically, nor does it mention dermatitis or atopic dermatitis. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid that can be used for various conditions including dermatitis, but without explicit mention of these connections in the provided statement, no supportive inference can be made." -14483328,Hydrocortisone related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia,354,Glucocorticoid insufficiency is common during sepsis and may result from insufficient production of cortisol or peripheral tissues resistance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Glucocorticoid insufficiency is common during sepsis and may result from insufficient production of cortisol or peripheral tissues resistance.""?","Yes, indirectly it does. Hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid, which is a class of steroid hormones that includes cortisol. Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that primarily affects premature infants. While the statement does not explicitly mention bronchopulmonary dysplasia, it does suggest that glucocorticoid insufficiency, which can be caused by low cortisol levels or resistance in peripheral tissues, is common during sepsis. + However, it is important to note that high levels of cortisol (or hydrocortisone in medical contexts) can have detrimental effects on various body systems over time, including increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease due to elevated blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and impaired" +25797574,Hydrocortisone related to lymphoma,347,"CIRCI is characterized by an inadequate production of cortisol in relation to an increased demand during periods of severe stress, particularly in critical illnesses such as sepsis or septic shock.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CIRCI is characterized by an inadequate production of cortisol in relation to an increased demand during periods of severe stress, particularly in critical illnesses such as sepsis or septic shock.""?","Yes, indirectly it does. The statement suggests that there is a relationship between cortisol levels and severe stress conditions such as sepsis or septic shock (CIRCI). Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body produces in response to stress. Therefore, if lymphoma is a condition that causes severe stress leading to increased demand for cortisol, then it could be inferred that hydrocortisone might be related to lymphoma. However, this is a very indirect inference and would need much more direct evidence to confirm any causal relationship. It is also important to note that correlation does not imply causation." +25131277,Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease,348,Synacthen test diagnosed Addison's disease with a clear deficiency of cortisol production.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Synacthen test diagnosed Addison's disease with a clear deficiency of cortisol production.""?","No, the statement ""Synacthen test diagnosed Addison's disease with a clear deficiency of cortisol production"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Crohn disease."" - In the context of premature infants, who are at risk of BPD, sepsis can be a triggering factor for BPD due to the inflammation it causes in the lungs. If glucocorticoid insufficiency is indeed common during sepsis, as suggested by the statement, then it is plausible that ensuring adequate levels of glucocorticoids, such as hydrocortisone, could help prevent or treat BPD by reducing inflammation and promoting lung maturation. + The Synacthen test is used to diagnose primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) by measuring the body's ability to produce cortisol in response to synthetic ACTH (Synacthen). A clear deficiency of cortisol production indicates Addison's disease but does not provide any information about Crohn disease or hydrocortisone use in relation to Crohn disease. - However, it is important to note that while glucocorticoids like hydroc" -14450267,Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm,355,"This likely represents an adaptive response to LTH, to prevent excessive cortisol production that would restrict fetal growth and potentially induce preterm delivery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This likely represents an adaptive response to LTH, to prevent excessive cortisol production that would restrict fetal growth and potentially induce preterm delivery.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm"". + Crohn disease is an inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to anus. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid that can be used in treating Crohn disease but is not inherently related to Crohn disease itself. - The statement suggests that hydrocortisone levels (a hormone produced by the adrenal cortex) may be modulated as an adaptive response to long-term hypoxia (LTH) in order to prevent excessive cortisol production which could negatively impact fetal growth and potentially lead to preterm delivery. + Therefore, while both Addison disease (diagnosed by Synacthen test) and Crohn disease may involve cortisol dysregulation, there is no indirect support provided by the statement for hydrocort" +19793698,Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse,349,"Enhanced cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression correlate with visceral fat and insulin resistance in men: effect of weight loss.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Enhanced cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression correlate with visceral fat and insulin resistance in men: effect of weight loss.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to alcohol abuse."" The statement discusses cortisol production rates, free cortisol, and 11beta-HSD-1 expression in relation to visceral fat and insulin resistance in men, and the effect of weight loss. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not make any reference to alcohol abuse or hydrocortisone use in an abusive context. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant evidence or insights into the relationship between hydrocortisone and alcohol abuse." +19531872,Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation,350,"Obesity is also related to dysregulation of cortisol production by the pre-receptor enzyme, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and we speculate that this may have a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and raised ICP seen in IIH.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Obesity is also related to dysregulation of cortisol production by the pre-receptor enzyme, 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, and we speculate that this may have a role in the pathogenesis of obesity and raised ICP seen in IIH.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses obesity's relationship with cortisol production dysregulation through the enzyme 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and its potential impact on intracranial pressure (ICP) in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not mention hydrocortisone specifically nor does it discuss atrial fibrillation. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the connection between hydrocortisone and atrial fibrillation." +18705900,Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder,351,"This is an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors, in which the left adrenocortical tumor produced and secreted cortisol or both cortisol and aldosterone and the right one produced and secreted both aldosterone and cortisol, as confirmed by clinical findings and pathological studies using immunohistochemical analysis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors, in which the left adrenocortical tumor produced and secreted cortisol or both cortisol and aldosterone and the right one produced and secreted both aldosterone and cortisol, as confirmed by clinical findings and pathological studies using immunohistochemical analysis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to phobic disorder"". The statement discusses an extremely rare case of bilateral adrenal tumors that produce and secrete cortisol and aldosterone. However, it does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone (a hormone produced from cortisol) and phobic disorder. Therefore, without further information linking these two concepts, it is not valid to make such an association based on this statement alone." +15155784,Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis,352,"We conclude that the clinical picture of late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants is not a result of an absolute deficiency of cortisol production, but may be a result of a limited ability to synthesize sufficient cortisol for the degree of clinical stress.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We conclude that the clinical picture of late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants is not a result of an absolute deficiency of cortisol production, but may be a result of a limited ability to synthesize sufficient cortisol for the degree of clinical stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to psoriasis."" The conclusion in the statement is about late-onset adrenal insufficiency in preterm infants, which is related to cortisol production but does not mention hydrocortisone or psoriasis at all. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol used in medical treatments for various conditions such as adrenal insufficiency, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory diseases but not explicitly for psoriasis. Therefore, without further information connecting hydrocortisone use and psoriasis treatment, there is no basis for such an association based on the given statement alone." +14891361,"Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic",353,"Ironically, despite our understanding of the various stressors that promote chronic adult-onset asthma, most of which are known to elevate cortisol production via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inhaled and systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay for the treatment of chronic asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ironically, despite our understanding of the various stressors that promote chronic adult-onset asthma, most of which are known to elevate cortisol production via the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inhaled and systemic corticosteroids are the mainstay for the treatment of chronic asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis, atopic."" - However, there is no mention of adrenal cortex neoplasm (a tumor originating from the adrenal cortex) in this statement. Therefore, it does not provide any evidence or support for a relationship between hydrocortisone and adrenal cortex neoplasm. + The statement discusses the use of corticosteroids in treating chronic asthma, which is unrelated to dermatitis, atopic. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating various skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis. However, the statement does not mention hydrocortisone or its use in dermatological conditions. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the connection between hydrocortisone and atopic dermatitis." +14483328,Hydrocortisone related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia,354,Glucocorticoid insufficiency is common during sepsis and may result from insufficient production of cortisol or peripheral tissues resistance.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Glucocorticoid insufficiency is common during sepsis and may result from insufficient production of cortisol or peripheral tissues resistance.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement mentions glucocorticoid insufficiency during sepsis, which can be due to insufficient cortisol production or peripheral tissues resistance. Hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a condition often associated with preterm infants who have experienced sepsis or other inflammatory conditions. Therefore, if there is an insufficiency of cortisol during sepsis, administering hydrocortisone could potentially help prevent or treat BPD by supplementing the necessary glucocorticoids. However, more direct evidence would be required to definitively establish a connection between hydrocortisone use and bronchopulmonary dysplasia prevention or treatment in infants experiencing sepsis-induced glucocorticoid insufficiency." +14450267,Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm,355,"This likely represents an adaptive response to LTH, to prevent excessive cortisol production that would restrict fetal growth and potentially induce preterm delivery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This likely represents an adaptive response to LTH, to prevent excessive cortisol production that would restrict fetal growth and potentially induce preterm delivery.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenal cortex neoplasm"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. - It is important in scientific interpretation to only draw conclusions based on the evidence provided and not to over-extrapolate or infer relationships beyond what is explicitly stated in the given information." + The statement discusses an adaptive response related to hydrocortisone (cortisol) production in relation to low-dose long-term hydrocortisone (LTH) therapy. It suggests that LTH is used to prevent excessive cortisol production that could negatively impact fetal growth and potentially lead to preterm delivery. This statement does not provide any evidence or imply a connection between hydrocortisone and adrenal cortex neoplasm (a type of tumor). Therefore, it does not indirectly support the claim that hydrocortisone is related to adrenal cortex neoplasm. + + It is important to differentiate between hydrocortisone as a medication used in therapy and as a potential factor in adrenal cortex neoplasm development. The two concepts should not be conflated based on the information provided in the statement alone." 14387016,Hydrocortisone related to cirrhosis of liver,356,"The reduction in local cortisol production which diminishes the endogenous anti-inflammatory effects, also allows for the progression of both vascular and pulmonary inflammation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cirrhosis of liver"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The reduction in local cortisol production which diminishes the endogenous anti-inflammatory effects, also allows for the progression of both vascular and pulmonary inflammation.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cirrhosis of liver."" - The statement discusses the reduction in local cortisol production and its effects on vascular and pulmonary inflammation. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body produces naturally in response to stress. It is often used as a medication to reduce inflammation. + The statement discusses the reduction in local cortisol production and its implications on vascular and pulmonary inflammation. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress. While it has anti-inflammatory effects, the statement does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone and cirrhosis of the liver. - While both cortisol and hydrocortisone have anti-inflammatory effects, the statement does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone and liver cirrhosis. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to cirrhosis of liver."" + Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by replacement of liver tissue by scar tissue following liver damage, leading progressively to loss of liver function. While corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can have effects on various body systems including the liver, the statement does not provide sufficient evidence or context to suggest a relationship between hydrocortisone use and cirrhosis of the liver. - However, it is important to note that prolonged use of high-dose corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can have side effects including liver damage. But this is not the same as cirrhosis, which is a specific condition characterized by scarring of the liver. Therefore, even if the statement had mentioned liver damage, it still would not provide support for the original phrase" -14360687,Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis,357,"CONCLUSIONS: Patients with newly diagnosed, untreated PC yielded significantly higher cortisol and lower estradiol serum concentrations than controls.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Patients with newly diagnosed, untreated PC yielded significantly higher cortisol and lower estradiol serum concentrations than controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis."" The conclusion in the statement is about cortisol and estradiol serum concentrations in patients with prostate cancer (PC) compared to controls, which is not related to hydrocortisone or dermatitis. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used to treat various skin conditions like dermatitis; however, no information about hydrocortisone use is present in the statement provided." + Therefore, it is crucial to examine additional evidence and context when assessing any potential link between hydrocortisone and cirrhosis of the liver." +14360687,Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis,357,"CONCLUSIONS: Patients with newly diagnosed, untreated PC yielded significantly higher cortisol and lower estradiol serum concentrations than controls.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Patients with newly diagnosed, untreated PC yielded significantly higher cortisol and lower estradiol serum concentrations than controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dermatitis."" The conclusion in the statement is about cortisol and estradiol serum concentrations in patients with prostate cancer (PC) compared to controls. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but there is no mention of hydrocortisone use, dermatitis, or any skin-related conditions in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any implicit or indirect evidence to substantiate the claim about hydrocortisone being related to dermatitis." 13844584,Hydrocortisone related to acute myeloid leukemia,358,"The tumour secreted excessive cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S), and had invaded the right hepatic lobe and vena cava.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to acute myeloid leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The tumour secreted excessive cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone-sulphate (DHEA-S), and had invaded the right hepatic lobe and vena cava.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to acute myeloid leukemia."" - The statement indicates that a tumour was producing excessive cortisol and DHEA-S, and had invaded certain liver structures. Cortisol is a steroid hormone that the body produces naturally in response to stress, and it is chemically similar to hydrocortisone, a medication often used to treat inflammation. DHEA-S is also a steroid hormone that can be converted into other hormones like testosterone and estrogen. + The statement discusses a tumor that secretes excessive cortisol and DHEA-S, and has invaded certain liver structures. Cortisol is a steroid hormone that the body produces naturally in response to stress, while hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol often used in medication. DHEA-S is another steroid hormone that can be converted into other hormones like testosterone and estrogen. - However, even though cortisol and hydrocortisone are similar, they are not identical. Furthermore, the statement does not indicate that hydrocortisone was involved in any way, nor does it provide any link to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML is a type of cancer that starts in the bone marrow (the soft inner part of certain bones where new blood cells are made), but there is no mention of bone marrow or leukemia in the statement. Therefore, without additional information linking hydrocortis" -13213365,Hydrocortisone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,359,Replacement doses of hydrocortisone were administered throughout treatment to counteract potential adrenal insufficiency secondary to the ketoconazole.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Replacement doses of hydrocortisone were administered throughout treatment to counteract potential adrenal insufficiency secondary to the ketoconazole.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The use of hydrocortisone in treating potential adrenal insufficiency secondary to ketoconazole does suggest a connection between hydrocortisone and adrenal insufficiency. However, it does not specifically mention chronic primary adrenal insufficiency. + Although both cortisol and hydrocortisone have similar functions in the body, they are not identical in their effects on cells and tissues. The statement does not provide information about whether hydrocortisone was used as medication in this case, nor does it indicate any connection between hydrocortisone use and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). - Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is a condition where the adrenal glands fail to produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone over a long period of time. Ketoconazole can indeed cause secondary adrenal insufficiency by inhibiting cortisol production in the adrenal glands. The administration of hydrocortisone in such cases is a common practice to replace the missing cortisol. + While some studies suggest that high levels of cortisol may contribute to leukemia development by impairing immune function and promoting genomic instability, these associations do not necessarily extend to synthetic" +13213365,Hydrocortisone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,359,Replacement doses of hydrocortisone were administered throughout treatment to counteract potential adrenal insufficiency secondary to the ketoconazole.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Replacement doses of hydrocortisone were administered throughout treatment to counteract potential adrenal insufficiency secondary to the ketoconazole.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The use of hydrocortisone in treating adrenal insufficiency that may be caused by ketoconazole is consistent with hydrocortisone being related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency. Ketoconazole can suppress adrenal function by inhibiting steroidogenesis, which could lead to adrenal insufficiency if not managed properly (Powell et al., 1992). By administering hydrocortisone throughout treatment, it is likely that healthcare providers aimed at preventing adrenal insufficiency secondary to ketoconazole therapy (Powell et al., 1992). - Therefore, while the statement does not explicitly state that hydrocortisone is related to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency, it does imply a relationship between hydrocortisone and adrenal insufficiency in general, which is a component of chronic primary adrenal insufficiency." -12756660,Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder,360,Amplication by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Amplication by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias.""?","No, the statement ""Amplication by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder."" + However, it is important to note that while hydrocortisone is used in treating adrenal insufficiency in general, it does not necessarily mean that chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is explicitly supported by the statement alone. Further investigation into patient history, diagnostic tests, and other clinical information would be required for more definitive conclusions about primary adrenal insufficiency in particular (Newell-Price et al., 2019). - The statement is about hydrocortisone's effect on cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias, which is a far cry from making any implications about its relationship to borderline personality disorder in humans. Borderline personality disorder is a complex mental health condition that involves a range of psychological, biological, and environmental factors. It would require specific research and evidence to link hydrocortisone to this disorder." -12576998,Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia,361,The results demonstrated that the intrarectal dose of indomethacin and hydrocortisone inhibited the development of tumors from microscopic carcinoma lesions in the large bowel and growing further.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results demonstrated that the intrarectal dose of indomethacin and hydrocortisone inhibited the development of tumors from microscopic carcinoma lesions in the large bowel and growing further.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"". The statement discusses the effects of intrarectal doses of indomethacin and hydrocortisone on tumor development in the large bowel, but it does not mention or imply anything about hypoxemia, which is a condition defined by low levels of oxygen in the blood. Hypoxemia is not mentioned or implied in the statement, therefore it does not provide indirect support for the stated phrase." -11888652,Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia,362,"Growth of ovarian, lung, breast, and kidney carcinomas was increased by 136%, 126%, 78% and 69%, respectively, whereas melanomas, sarcomas, and colon tumors were inhibited by hydrocortisone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Growth of ovarian, lung, breast, and kidney carcinomas was increased by 136%, 126%, 78% and 69%, respectively, whereas melanomas, sarcomas, and colon tumors were inhibited by hydrocortisone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia"". + In summary, indirect" +12756660,Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder,360,Amplication by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Amplication by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias.""?","No, the statement ""Amplification by hydrocortisone of the induction of cytotoxic response in vitro to syngeneic murine leukemias"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to borderline personality disorder."" - The statement presents data on the effects of hydrocortisone on various types of carcinomas and tumors but does not mention congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). CAH is a genetic disorder that affects the adrenal glands and is not directly related to carcinomas or tumors unless there is a secondary malignancy due to treatment complications. Therefore, while hydrocortisone may have an impact on certain types of cancers as suggested by the statement, it does not necessarily imply a connection to CAH." -11866289,Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence,363,Insufficient cortisol limits the ability of the sick newborn to handle stress and inhibit pulmonary inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Insufficient cortisol limits the ability of the sick newborn to handle stress and inhibit pulmonary inflammation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence."" - - The statement discusses the role of cortisol in newborns, particularly its stress-handling and anti-inflammatory properties. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not make any connection between cortisol/hydrocortisone and nicotine dependence. + The statement is about hydrocortisone amplifying the cytotoxic response in vitro (in a laboratory setting) to syngeneic murine leukemias (mouse leukemias). This is a statement about hydrocortisone's effect on leukemias in mice, not about its relationship to borderline personality disorder in humans. - Nicotine dependence is a complex process that involves various factors, including genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and psychological components. While cortisol may play a role in stress responses that could potentially influence substance use behaviors, the statement does not provide sufficient evidence or context to make such an inference. + Borderline personality disorder is a complex mental health condition characterized by patterns of unstable relationships, distorted self-image, affective instability, marked impulsivity, recurrent suicidal behavior, gestures, threats or self-mutilation, and in some cases, transient paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms (APA, 2013). It is not typically associated with or treated with hydrocortisone, which is a corticosteroid hormone used primarily for its" +12576998,Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia,361,The results demonstrated that the intrarectal dose of indomethacin and hydrocortisone inhibited the development of tumors from microscopic carcinoma lesions in the large bowel and growing further.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results demonstrated that the intrarectal dose of indomethacin and hydrocortisone inhibited the development of tumors from microscopic carcinoma lesions in the large bowel and growing further.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"". The statement discusses the effects of intrarectal doses of indomethacin and hydrocortisone on tumor development in the large bowel, but it does not mention or imply anything about hypoxemia, which is a condition defined by low levels of oxygen in the blood. Hypoxemia is not mentioned or implied in the statement, therefore it does not lend support to the proposed phrase." +11888652,Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia,362,"Growth of ovarian, lung, breast, and kidney carcinomas was increased by 136%, 126%, 78% and 69%, respectively, whereas melanomas, sarcomas, and colon tumors were inhibited by hydrocortisone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Growth of ovarian, lung, breast, and kidney carcinomas was increased by 136%, 126%, 78% and 69%, respectively, whereas melanomas, sarcomas, and colon tumors were inhibited by hydrocortisone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to congenital adrenal hyperplasia"". - Therefore, without further information linking hydrocortisone or cortisol to nicotine dependence, it would be inaccurate to infer a relationship based on the provided statement." -11530989,Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia,364,"BACKGROUND: Hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, which converts cortisone (inactive) to cortisol, is downregulated in obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, which converts cortisone (inactive) to cortisol, is downregulated in obesity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia."" The background statement discusses hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity in obesity, which is responsible for converting cortisone (inactive) to cortisol (active). While hydrocortisone is another name for cortisol, there is no direct or indirect mention of pneumonia in the statement provided. Therefore, it does not support the claim that hydrocortisone is related to pneumonia. + The statement discusses the effects of hydrocortisone on various types of carcinomas and tumors but does not mention congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). CAH is a genetic disorder that affects the adrenal glands and is not directly related to carcinomas or tumors unless there is secondary malignancy as a complication of CAH treatment. Therefore, while hydrocortisone may have an impact on certain types of cancers as suggested in the statement, it does not necessarily imply a connection with CAH." +11866289,Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence,363,Insufficient cortisol limits the ability of the sick newborn to handle stress and inhibit pulmonary inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Insufficient cortisol limits the ability of the sick newborn to handle stress and inhibit pulmonary inflammation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to nicotine dependence."" - However, it is worth noting that both obesity and hydrocortisone have been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in separate studies. Obesity has been linked to impaired immune function and respiratory mechanics that may increase susceptibility to pneumonia (Kumar et al., 2010). Hydrocortisone has been used as an anti-inflammatory treatment in some cases of pneumonia (Torres et al., 2017). Nevertheless, these connections cannot be in" -11442939,Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer,365,"High-dose hydrocortisone treatment given in the first few hours after a traumatic experience was associated with significant favorable changes in the trajectory of exposure to trauma, as expressed by the reduced risk of the development of PTSD post-trauma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose hydrocortisone treatment given in the first few hours after a traumatic experience was associated with significant favorable changes in the trajectory of exposure to trauma, as expressed by the reduced risk of the development of PTSD post-trauma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer."" The statement discusses the association between high-dose hydrocortisone treatment and reduced risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development after a traumatic experience. This is unrelated to prostate cancer. Hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone used in various medical applications, including trauma response and inflammation reduction; it is not commonly associated with prostate cancer treatment or risk factors." -11089023,Hydrocortisone related to pancreatitis,366,"Under normal conditions, stress induces increased cortisol secretion that counteracts inflammatory reactions.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Under normal conditions, stress induces increased cortisol secretion that counteracts inflammatory reactions.""?","Yes, indirectly it does provide some support. The statement suggests that cortisol (which hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of) has an anti-inflammatory effect under normal conditions in response to stress. Pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas. Therefore, if hydrocortisone is used in treating pancreatitis, it could be based on its anti-inflammatory properties. However, this is an indirect inference and does not necessarily mean that increased cortisol secretion is beneficial in all cases of pancreatitis, as there could be other factors at play, such as dosage, timing of administration, and individual patient responses." + The statement discusses the role of cortisol in newborns, particularly its stress-handling and anti-inflammatory properties. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but nicotine dependence is not mentioned anywhere in the statement. Nicotine dependence is a complex phenomenon involving genetic, environmental, and psychological factors, which is not addressed in the statement about cortisol in newborns. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the connection between hydrocortisone and nicotine dependence from this statement." +11530989,Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia,364,"BACKGROUND: Hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, which converts cortisone (inactive) to cortisol, is downregulated in obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""BACKGROUND: Hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, which converts cortisone (inactive) to cortisol, is downregulated in obesity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pneumonia."" The background statement discusses hepatic 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11beta-HSD1) activity, which is an enzyme that converts cortisone (inactive) to cortisol in the liver. This process is related to obesity but does not mention hydrocortisone nor its relationship to pneumonia. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol used as medication in various medical conditions but is not explicitly linked in this background statement to pneumonia or any other disease conditions." +11442939,Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer,365,"High-dose hydrocortisone treatment given in the first few hours after a traumatic experience was associated with significant favorable changes in the trajectory of exposure to trauma, as expressed by the reduced risk of the development of PTSD post-trauma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose hydrocortisone treatment given in the first few hours after a traumatic experience was associated with significant favorable changes in the trajectory of exposure to trauma, as expressed by the reduced risk of the development of PTSD post-trauma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to prostate cancer."" The statement discusses the association between high-dose hydrocortisone treatment and reduced risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) development after a traumatic experience. This is unrelated to prostate cancer. Hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone that is often used in medical treatments due to its anti-inflammatory properties, but there is no direct or indirect connection between its use in PTSD prevention and prostate cancer risk based on the provided information." +11089023,Hydrocortisone related to pancreatitis,366,"Under normal conditions, stress induces increased cortisol secretion that counteracts inflammatory reactions.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Under normal conditions, stress induces increased cortisol secretion that counteracts inflammatory reactions.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement suggests that cortisol (which hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of) has an anti-inflammatory effect under normal conditions. Pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas. Therefore, if hydrocortisone is used in treating pancreatitis, it could be based on its anti-inflammatory properties. However, this doesn't necessarily mean that increased cortisol secretion is the direct cause of pancreatitis; in fact, high levels of cortisol could potentially exacerbate pancreatitis in some cases. Therefore, while there is some indirect support, it's also important to consider the potential for hydrocortisone to have negative effects in certain contexts." 10649902,Hydrocortisone related to myocardial infarction,367,Hydrocortisone (HC) reduced the macrophage content of four murine tumors to less than half of control values.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to myocardial infarction"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone (HC) reduced the macrophage content of four murine tumors to less than half of control values.""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone (HC) reduced the macrophage content of four murine tumors to less than half of control values"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to myocardial infarction."" - The reason for this is that while both statements involve hydrocortisone, they discuss different biological processes and outcomes. The first statement refers to hydrocortisone's effect on macrophage content in murine tumors, while the second phrase is about myocardial infarction, which is a type of heart attack. + The reason is that while both statements involve hydrocortisone, they discuss different biological processes and outcomes. The first statement refers to hydrocortisone's effect on macrophage content in murine tumors, which is an immunological response. The second phrase refers to myocardial infarction, which is a cardiovascular event. - Even though hydrocortisone has been shown to have various effects on inflammation and immune response, there is no direct or indirect link established in these statements between hydrocortisone use and reduced risk of myocardial infarction. Therefore, additional evidence would be required to make such a connection." -10522181,Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis,368,"Further, because infant formula contains only trace amounts of glucocorticoids, these findings suggest that cortisol in milk is a novel biological pathway through which breastfeeding may protect against later obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further, because infant formula contains only trace amounts of glucocorticoids, these findings suggest that cortisol in milk is a novel biological pathway through which breastfeeding may protect against later obesity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis."" The statement discusses the potential protective effect of breastfeeding against later obesity through cortisol in milk, which is a type of glucocorticoid. However, it does not mention hydrocortisone specifically nor does it discuss osteoarthritis. Hydrocortisone is one of several glucocorticoids but is not synonymous with cortisol or glucocorticoids in general. Furthermore, osteoarthritis is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection made between glucocorticoids and osteoarthritis in this context." -10521296,Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder,369,"Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock, use of hydrocortisone compared with placebo did not reduce the risk of septic shock within 14 days.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock, use of hydrocortisone compared with placebo did not reduce the risk of septic shock within 14 days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder."" The conclusion in the statement is about the use of hydrocortisone in adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock and its effect on reducing the risk of septic shock within 14 days. It does not mention or imply any relation between hydrocortisone and eye disorders." + Although hydrocortisone has various effects in the body, including potential impacts on inflammation and immune response that could theoretically relate to cardiovascular health, the provided statement does not offer any direct or indirect evidence of such a relationship. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw conclusions about hydrocortisone's relation to myocardial infarction based on this information alone." +10522181,Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis,368,"Further, because infant formula contains only trace amounts of glucocorticoids, these findings suggest that cortisol in milk is a novel biological pathway through which breastfeeding may protect against later obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Further, because infant formula contains only trace amounts of glucocorticoids, these findings suggest that cortisol in milk is a novel biological pathway through which breastfeeding may protect against later obesity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to osteoarthritis."" The statement discusses the potential protective effect of breastfeeding against later obesity through cortisol in milk, which is a type of glucocorticoid. However, it does not mention hydrocortisone specifically nor does it discuss osteoarthritis. Hydrocortisone is one of several glucocorticoids; it is not synonymous with cortisol or glucocorticoids in general. Furthermore, osteoarthritis is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection made between glucocorticoids (or hydrocortisone) and osteoarthritis in this context." +10521296,Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder,369,"Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock, use of hydrocortisone compared with placebo did not reduce the risk of septic shock within 14 days.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusions and Relevance: Among adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock, use of hydrocortisone compared with placebo did not reduce the risk of septic shock within 14 days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to eye disorder"". The conclusion is about the effect of hydrocortisone on septic shock in adults with severe sepsis not in septic shock. It does not mention anything about eye disorders. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between hydrocortisone use and eye disorders from this statement." 10518203,Hydrocortisone related to otitis externa,370,These findings suggest that HC may protect against hyperoxic injury in the developing pulmonary vasculature.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings suggest that HC may protect against hyperoxic injury in the developing pulmonary vasculature.""?","No, the statement ""These findings suggest that HC may protect against hyperoxic injury in the developing pulmonary vasculature"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to otitis externa."" - The statement in question is discussing the potential protective effects of hydrocortisone (HC) against hyperoxic injury in the developing pulmonary vasculature. This is a completely different context from otitis externa, which is an inflammation or infection of the outer ear canal. + The statement in question discusses the potential protective effects of hydrocortisone (HC) against hyperoxic injury in the developing pulmonary vasculature. This is an entirely different context from otitis externa, which is an inflammation or infection of the outer ear canal. - The two statements are discussing different body systems (pulmonary vasculature vs. outer ear canal) and different biological effects (protection against hyperoxic injury vs. potential relation to otitis externa). Therefore, there is no reasonable basis for inferring a connection between the two based on these statements alone. + The two statements discuss different physiological systems (pulmonary vasculature vs. outer ear canal) and different biological processes (protection against hyperoxic injury vs. inflammation/infection). Therefore, there is no reasonable basis for inferring a connection between the two based on these statements alone. - However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid often used in medical treatments for various conditions, including otitis externa, due to its anti-inflammatory effects. But without additional context or evidence linking these two specific statements, no indirect support can be inferred." -10484611,Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis,371,OBJECTIVE: Cortisol clearance is reduced in sepsis and may contribute to the development of impaired adrenocortical function that is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Cortisol clearance is reduced in sepsis and may contribute to the development of impaired adrenocortical function that is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis."" The statement discusses cortisol clearance in sepsis and its potential contribution to impaired adrenocortical function in critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not make any connection between cortisol clearance in sepsis and ulcerative colitis or the use of hydrocortisone as a treatment option for ulcerative colitis." -9718673,Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema,372,Hydrocortisone therapy was started to prevent adrenal insufficiency before laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone therapy was started to prevent adrenal insufficiency before laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema"". + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid often used in medical treatments for various conditions, including otitis externa, due to its anti-inflammatory properties. But this connection would need to be established through separate evidence directly linking hydrocortisone to otitis extern" +10484611,Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis,371,OBJECTIVE: Cortisol clearance is reduced in sepsis and may contribute to the development of impaired adrenocortical function that is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Cortisol clearance is reduced in sepsis and may contribute to the development of impaired adrenocortical function that is thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to ulcerative colitis."" The statement discusses cortisol clearance in sepsis and its potential contribution to impaired adrenocortical function in critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the statement does not make any connection between cortisol clearance in sepsis and ulcerative colitis treatment. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that may be treated with hydrocortisone, but the statement does not mention ulcerative colitis or its treatment. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the connection between hydrocortisone and ulcerative colitis." +9718673,Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema,372,Hydrocortisone therapy was started to prevent adrenal insufficiency before laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Hydrocortisone therapy was started to prevent adrenal insufficiency before laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels.""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone therapy was started to prevent adrenal insufficiency before laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to atopic eczema."" - The statement suggests that hydrocortisone therapy was initiated to prevent adrenal insufficiency based on laboratory findings for ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) and cortisol levels. This is unrelated to atopic eczema, which is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. While hydrocortisone is often used as a topical treatment for atopic eczema due to its anti-inflammatory properties, the statement provided does not indicate any connection between hydrocortisone use and atopic eczema. It primarily discusses the use of hydrocortisone in preventing adrenal insufficiency, which is a separate medical issue." -9492934,Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence,373,CONCLUSION: We conclude that intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone lead to a reduction of systemic inflammation and to a potential improvement in the early outcome of patients undergoing off-pump CABG.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We conclude that intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone lead to a reduction of systemic inflammation and to a potential improvement in the early outcome of patients undergoing off-pump CABG.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence."" The conclusion provided in the statement is about the effects of intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone on systemic inflammation and early outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). It does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone and opiate dependence." -9238280,Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis,374,"CONCLUSION: In intubated trauma patients, the use of an intravenous stress-dose of hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, resulted in a decreased risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In intubated trauma patients, the use of an intravenous stress-dose of hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, resulted in a decreased risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis."" The conclusion in the statement suggests that hydrocortisone use in intubated trauma patients decreases their risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia compared to placebo. However, it does not mention sepsis or imply any relationship between hydrocortisone and sepsis. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to infection, whereas hospital-acquired pneumonia is a lung infection that develops during hospitalization; they are distinct medical conditions not explicitly linked in this conclusion." -9235597,Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus,375,"Early hydrocortisone (HC) treatment may decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia; however, the long-term effects are still under evaluation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early hydrocortisone (HC) treatment may decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia; however, the long-term effects are still under evaluation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus."" The statement discusses the use of hydrocortisone in relation to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, not type 1 diabetes mellitus. While it is always important to consider potential side effects and long-term impacts of any treatment, including its potential relationship with other conditions like type 1 diabetes mellitus, the statement does not provide any information that would suggest such a connection. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this statement alone." -8977987,Hydrocortisone related to injury,376,CONCLUSION: Intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to injury"" from the statement provided. The conclusion states that intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery. This suggests that hydrocortisone has a protective effect against AF, which can be considered an injury in the context of cardiac surgery. Therefore, hydrocortisone is indirectly related to injury in this case because it reduces the incidence of AF, an injury associated with cardiac surgery. However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone itself does not cause injury but rather mitigates it in this scenario." + The statement suggests that hydrocortisone therapy was initiated as a preventative measure for adrenal insufficiency, prior to obtaining laboratory results for ACTH and cortisol levels. This is related to endocrine function rather than dermatological conditions such as atopic eczema. The connection between hydrocortisone therapy and atopic eczema is not mentioned nor implied in this statement." +9492934,Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence,373,CONCLUSION: We conclude that intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone lead to a reduction of systemic inflammation and to a potential improvement in the early outcome of patients undergoing off-pump CABG.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We conclude that intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone lead to a reduction of systemic inflammation and to a potential improvement in the early outcome of patients undergoing off-pump CABG.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to opiate dependence."" The conclusion provided in the statement is about the effects of intravenous stress doses of hydrocortisone on systemic inflammation and early outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. It does not mention or imply any relationship between hydrocortisone and opiate dependence." +9238280,Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis,374,"CONCLUSION: In intubated trauma patients, the use of an intravenous stress-dose of hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, resulted in a decreased risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In intubated trauma patients, the use of an intravenous stress-dose of hydrocortisone, compared with placebo, resulted in a decreased risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Sepsis."" The conclusion in the statement suggests that hydrocortisone use in intubated trauma patients decreases their risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia compared to placebo. However, it does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone and sepsis. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to infection, whereas hospital-acquired pneumonia is a localized infection of the lungs that occurs during hospitalization. While both conditions can be related to trauma and critical care settings, they are distinct clinical entities that may not necessarily share a common relationship with hydrocortisone use." +9235597,Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus,375,"Early hydrocortisone (HC) treatment may decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia; however, the long-term effects are still under evaluation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Early hydrocortisone (HC) treatment may decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia; however, the long-term effects are still under evaluation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to type 1 diabetes mellitus."" The statement discusses the use of hydrocortisone (HC) in relation to bronchopulmonary dysplasia, not type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, while it may suggest potential effects of HC on various medical conditions, it does not specifically relate to type 1 diabetes mellitus." +8977987,Hydrocortisone related to injury,376,CONCLUSION: Intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of AF after cardiac surgery.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to injury"" from the statement provided. The conclusion states that intravenous hydrocortisone reduced the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery. This suggests that hydrocortisone has a protective effect against AF, which can be considered an injury in the context of cardiac surgery. Therefore, hydrocortisone is indirectly related to injury in this case because it reduces the incidence of AF, an injury associated with cardiac surgery. However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone itself does not cause injury but rather mitigates it in this specific context." 8778414,Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation,377,"Assuming a single dose of hydrocortisone improves sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, it may be an interesting candidate for use in reducing insulin resistance in peripheral tissues of horses with several disease states.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Assuming a single dose of hydrocortisone improves sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, it may be an interesting candidate for use in reducing insulin resistance in peripheral tissues of horses with several disease states.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" from the statement provided. This support comes from the implied connection between hydrocortisone, insulin resistance, and inflammation in peripheral tissues. - Hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid that has anti-inflammatory effects (1). It works by suppressing the immune system and reducing inflammation in the body. Inflammation can contribute to insulin resistance by impairing insulin signaling in peripheral tissues (2). By improving sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin, hydrocortisone could potentially help reduce insulin resistance in horses with various diseases where inflammation plays a role. + Hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects (1). The statement suggests that hydrocortisone could improve sensitivity of peripheral tissues to insulin by reducing insulin resistance in these tissues in horses with various disease states. Insulin resistance is often associated with chronic low-grade inflammation (2). Therefore, by improving insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues through hydrocortisone administration, one could indirectly reduce inflammation in these tissues as well. - However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone can also have negative impacts on metabolism by increasing gluconeogenesis (3), which could potentially worsen insulin resistance in some cases. Therefore, further studies would be needed to evaluate its overall efficacy in managing insulin resistance in horses while considering its potential adverse effects on metabolism. + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone can also have pro-inflammatory effects at higher doses (3). Moreover, long-term use of hydrocortisone is associated with various side effects such as immunosuppression, muscle wasting, and glucose intolerance (4). Therefore, further studies" +8763179,Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome,378,Plasma cortisol and glucagon concentrations were not increased markedly except in a case complicated other systemic bacterial infection.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma cortisol and glucagon concentrations were not increased markedly except in a case complicated other systemic bacterial infection.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome."" The statement discusses plasma cortisol concentrations in relation to bacterial infection but does not mention hydrocortisone or toxic shock syndrome. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress; it is not typically associated with toxic shock syndrome. Toxic shock syndrome is instead associated with certain types of bacterial infections and the use of superabsorbent tampons. Therefore, without further evidence linking hydrocortisone to toxic shock syndrome, it is not reasonable to infer such a relationship based on the provided statement alone." +8625521,Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia,379,"In view of the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis, long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could aggravate visceral obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In view of the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis, long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could aggravate visceral obesity.""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia"" does not receive indirect support from the provided statement about insulin and cortisol stimulating adipogenesis. - References:" -8763179,Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome,378,Plasma cortisol and glucagon concentrations were not increased markedly except in a case complicated other systemic bacterial infection.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma cortisol and glucagon concentrations were not increased markedly except in a case complicated other systemic bacterial infection.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to toxic shock syndrome"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses plasma cortisol concentrations in relation to bacterial infection but does not mention hydrocortisone or toxic shock syndrome. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress; it has various medical uses but is not typically associated with toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, without further evidence linking hydrocortisone to toxic shock syndrome, one cannot infer support for the initial phrase from the statement given." -8625521,Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia,379,"In view of the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis, long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could aggravate visceral obesity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In view of the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis, long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could aggravate visceral obesity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to dissociative amnesia."" The statement discusses the relationship between insulin, cortisol (which is related to hydrocortisone), and adipogenesis (the formation of fat cells). It suggests that long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could exacerbate visceral obesity due to the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis. However, it does not mention or imply any connection to dissociative amnesia, which is a condition characterized by memory loss and disconnection from one's identity or sense of self. Therefore, while the statement provides interesting information about insulin, cortisol, and obesity, it does not indirectly support the connection between hydrocortisone and dissociative amnesia." -8615164,Hydrocortisone related to asthma,380,"For this purpose, this review article contends that plasma cortisol is linked to a greater risk of AF.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""For this purpose, this review article contends that plasma cortisol is linked to a greater risk of AF.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to asthma."" The review article discusses plasma cortisol in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, not asthma. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that mimics cortisol in the body; however, it is not explicitly mentioned in the statement in relation to asthma. To establish any connection between hydrocortisone and asthma, further evidence linking these two concepts would be required." -8570630,Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia,381,"After multivariate analysis, duration of HC stress dose administration was associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.2, p = 0.021), and total duration of HC treatment was associated with increased risk of sepsis (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.005-1.075, p = 0.026).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After multivariate analysis, duration of HC stress dose administration was associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.2, p = 0.021), and total duration of HC treatment was associated with increased risk of sepsis (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.005-1.075, p = 0.026).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses the association of hydrocortisone (HC) stress dose administration duration with increased risk of mortality and total duration of HC treatment associated with increased risk of sepsis in critically ill patients. It does not mention any correlation between hydrocortisone use and fibromyalgia diagnosis or symptoms. Therefore, it is not relevant to making any conclusions about hydrocortisone being related to fibromyalgia." -8017438,Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance,382,"Plasma leptin and ghrelin levels in endotoxin-treated dogs were correlated with serum nitric oxide (r = .955 and r = .890; p < .001), procalcitonin (r = .825 and r = .716; p < .001), cortisol (r = .823 and r = .786; p < .001), and hepatorenal injury markers (r = .580 to .745 and r = .393 to .574; p < .05 to .01).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma leptin and ghrelin levels in endotoxin-treated dogs were correlated with serum nitric oxide (r = .955 and r = .890; p < .001), procalcitonin (r = .825 and r = .716; p < .001), cortisol (r = .823 and r = .786; p < .001), and hepatorenal injury markers (r = .580 to .745 and r = .393 to .574; p < .05 to .01).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"". The statement discusses correlations between various markers in endotoxin-treated dogs, one of which is cortisol (a stress hormone often used as a proxy for hydrocortisone in canine studies). However, there is no mention of insulin resistance in the statement, nor is there any direct link drawn between cortisol/hydrocortisone and insulin resistance. Therefore, while cortisol may be indirectly related to insulin resistance under certain circumstances (as cortisol can influence metabolic processes), this statement alone does not provide sufficient evidence for such a link." -7919367,Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency,383,Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" from the statement ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock."" + The provided statement discusses the relationship between insulin, cortisol (which is a precursor to hydrocortisone), and adipogenesis (the formation of fat cells). It suggests that long-term stimulation of 11betaHSD reductase activity by insulin could potentially exacerbate visceral obesity due to the stimulatory effects of insulin and cortisol on adipogenesis. - + However, dissociative amnesia is a condition related to memory loss where an individual cannot recall important personal information, usually as a result of trauma or stress. Hydrocortisone is a hormone that the body produces in response to stress; it is not typically associated with dissociative amnesia. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the relationship between hydrocortisone and dissociative amnesia in the provided statement." +8615164,Hydrocortisone related to asthma,380,"For this purpose, this review article contends that plasma cortisol is linked to a greater risk of AF.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""For this purpose, this review article contends that plasma cortisol is linked to a greater risk of AF.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to asthma."" The review article discusses plasma cortisol in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) risk, not asthma. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic glucocorticoid that mimics cortisol in the body; however, there is no direct link made between hydrocortisone and asthma in the provided statement. - The key connection lies in the fact that hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that is primarily produced by the adrenal glands as part of the body's stress response system. Adrenocortical insufficiency (AI), also known as Addison's disease, is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol. + To establish indirect support for ""Hydrocortisone related to asthma,"" there should be some connection between cortisol/hydrocortisone and asthma in existing literature. Although cortisol has been linked to asthma pathophysiology as an endogenous glucocorticoid, hydrocortisone is not typically used as an asthma treatment due to its short-acting properties compared to other exogenous glucocorticoids like fluticasone or budesonide. - + Therefore, without further evidence connecting hydrocortisone specifically to asthma in this context, it is inappropriate to infer support for ""H" +8570630,Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia,381,"After multivariate analysis, duration of HC stress dose administration was associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.2, p = 0.021), and total duration of HC treatment was associated with increased risk of sepsis (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.005-1.075, p = 0.026).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After multivariate analysis, duration of HC stress dose administration was associated with increased risk of mortality (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.2, p = 0.021), and total duration of HC treatment was associated with increased risk of sepsis (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.005-1.075, p = 0.026).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses the association of hydrocortisone (HC) stress dose administration duration with increased risk of mortality and total duration of HC treatment associated with increased risk of sepsis in a specific context. However, it does not mention or imply any connection between hydrocortisone and fibromyalgia." +8017438,Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance,382,"Plasma leptin and ghrelin levels in endotoxin-treated dogs were correlated with serum nitric oxide (r = .955 and r = .890; p < .001), procalcitonin (r = .825 and r = .716; p < .001), cortisol (r = .823 and r = .786; p < .001), and hepatorenal injury markers (r = .580 to .745 and r = .393 to .574; p < .05 to .01).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Plasma leptin and ghrelin levels in endotoxin-treated dogs were correlated with serum nitric oxide (r = .955 and r = .890; p < .001), procalcitonin (r = .825 and r = .716; p < .001), cortisol (r = .823 and r = .786; p < .001), and hepatorenal injury markers (r = .580 to .745 and r = .393 to .574; p < .05 to .01).""?","No, the statement does not provide direct support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"". The statement discusses correlations between various factors in endotoxin-treated dogs, including cortisol (which is related to hydrocortisone), but it does not mention insulin resistance or provide any information about how hydrocortisone might be related to insulin resistance. - The statement ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock"" implies that cortisol plays a crucial role in the body's response to severe infections like septic shock. In cases of adrenocortical insufficiency where cortisol levels are deficient, administering hydrocortisone could help restore normal cortisol levels and potentially improve outcomes in septic shock. + However, it is important to note that cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone like hydrocortisone, and both can influence metabolic processes including insulin sensitivity. Prolonged exposure to high levels of these hormones can lead to insulin resistance in some individuals. However, this is an indirect relationship that would need further investigation to confirm. The statement provided does not contain sufficient information to make such a connection." +7919367,Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency,383,Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to adrenocortical insufficiency"" from the statement ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock."" - + Justification: - However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support for the connection between" -7573954,Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm,384,The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on the serum values of the neurospecific protein S-100B in comparison to the inflammation markers interleukin (IL)-8 in serum and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase in plasma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on the serum values of the neurospecific protein S-100B in comparison to the inflammation markers interleukin (IL)-8 in serum and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase in plasma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm."" The objective of the study mentioned is to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on serum values of specific proteins and inflammation markers in serum and plasma. This study does not involve any investigation of neoplasm (cancer) or hydrocortisone's relationship with it. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant evidence or support for that specific claim." -7182905,Hydrocortisone related to obesity disorder,385,"The synergism between insulin and cortisol in stimulating energy deposition, associated with a decreased effect of corticotropin-releasing factor in stimulating energy expenditure, is likely to contribute to the development of obesity.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The synergism between insulin and cortisol in stimulating energy deposition, associated with a decreased effect of corticotropin-releasing factor in stimulating energy expenditure, is likely to contribute to the development of obesity.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the connection between hydrocortisone (a type of cortisol) and obesity disorder in the provided statement. The statement suggests that cortisol, in conjunction with insulin, plays a significant role in stimulating energy deposition while decreasing the effect of corticotropin-releasing factor in stimulating energy expenditure. This imbalance can contribute to obesity development. + Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands in response to stress. Adrenocortical insufficiency, also known as Addison's disease, is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol. - Hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid hormone that shares many functions with cortisol, including its impact on metabolism and energy storage. Therefore, it is plausible that increased levels of hydrocortisone could contribute to obesity development through similar mechanisms as described for cortisol in the statement. + The statement ""Contribution of cortisol deficiency to septic shock"" implies that cortisol plays a crucial role in managing septic shock, which is a severe complication of sepsis that can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and death. In cases of adrenocortical insufficiency (AI), where cortisol levels are deficient, patients may be more susceptible to septic shock due to their inability to mount an appropriate stress response. - However, it is essential to note that while there is indirect support for the connection between hydrocortisone and obesity disorder based on the provided statement, further investigation is required for more direct evidence linking hydrocortisone specifically to obesity disorder." -24445107,Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation,386,Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" from the statement ""Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study."" + Hydrocortisone is often used in clinical settings to treat AI and has been shown to improve outcomes in patients with" +7573954,Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm,384,The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on the serum values of the neurospecific protein S-100B in comparison to the inflammation markers interleukin (IL)-8 in serum and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase in plasma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on the serum values of the neurospecific protein S-100B in comparison to the inflammation markers interleukin (IL)-8 in serum and polymorphonuclear (PMN) elastase in plasma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to neoplasm"". The study mentioned is focused on demonstrating the effect of stress doses of hydrocortisone during the initial phase of human septic shock on serum values of specific proteins and inflammation markers. There is no mention or implication of neoplasm (abnormal growth of cells) in this context. Therefore, it does not contribute to understanding any potential relationship between hydrocortisone and neoplasm." +7182905,Hydrocortisone related to obesity disorder,385,"The synergism between insulin and cortisol in stimulating energy deposition, associated with a decreased effect of corticotropin-releasing factor in stimulating energy expenditure, is likely to contribute to the development of obesity.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The synergism between insulin and cortisol in stimulating energy deposition, associated with a decreased effect of corticotropin-releasing factor in stimulating energy expenditure, is likely to contribute to the development of obesity.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the connection between hydrocortisone (a type of cortisol) and obesity disorder in the provided statement. - Justification: + The statement suggests that there is a synergistic effect between insulin and cortisol in stimulating energy deposition, which can contribute to obesity development. Cortisol is a glucocorticoid hormone that plays an essential role in metabolism and inflammation; hydrocortisone is one of its primary forms produced in humans by the adrenal gland. - Hydrocortisone is a type of cortisol, which is a hormone produced by the adrenal gland in response to stress. Cortisol has been shown to have an impact on inflammation in the body. In the context of the Rancho Bernardo Study, higher basal cortisol levels were associated with verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women. While this study does not explicitly mention hydrocortisone or inflammation, it does suggest that cortisol levels can have an impact on cognitive function, potentially through inflammatory pathways. + The statement implies that increased cortisol levels could lead to obesity due to its impact on energy deposition and insulin resistance. Since hydrocortisone is a form of cortisol, it can be inferred that high hydrocortisone levels might also contribute to obesity development through similar mechanisms. - Cortisol is known to modulate immune responses and inflammation in the body. Chronic stress and high levels of cortisol can lead to increased inflammation, which has been linked to various health issues including cognitive decline. Therefore, it is plausible that hydrocortis" -24030854,Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia,387,"A growing body of evidence now suggests that endogenous cortisol, which is produced in significant quantities by the body in a diurnal rhythm, is an important regulator of allergic disease expression and allergic inflammatory responses: lung function varies along with plasma cortisol levels; the number of circulating inflammatory cells varies with plasma cortisol levels; and low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with risk for asthma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A growing body of evidence now suggests that endogenous cortisol, which is produced in significant quantities by the body in a diurnal rhythm, is an important regulator of allergic disease expression and allergic inflammatory responses: lung function varies along with plasma cortisol levels; the number of circulating inflammatory cells varies with plasma cortisol levels; and low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with risk for asthma.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The connection between hydrocortisone (a synthetic form of cortisol) and hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood) may be drawn through understanding how cortisol affects allergic disease expression and inflammatory responses in the lungs. + However, it is important to note that while there is indirect support for the connection between hydrocortisone and obesity disorder in this statement, further investigation is required for more direct evidence of such an association. Additionally, other factors such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle choices, and environmental influences can also" +24445107,Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation,386,Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Inflammation"" from the statement ""Higher basal cortisol predicts verbal memory loss in postmenopausal women: Rancho Bernardo Study."" This is because hydrocortisone is one of the primary glucocorticoids in humans (the other being cortisol), and both hormones share similar physiological functions in stress response and immune regulation (Munck et al., 1984). - Cortisol is an essential hormone that follows a diurnal rhythm in the body, produced in significant quantities by the adrenal glands. It is known for its anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators from immune cells like eosinophils, mast cells, and lymphocytes (1). The statement highlights that lung function varies along plasma cortisol levels as well as the number of circulating inflammatory cells. This implies that cortisol plays an essential regulatory role in lung function and inflammation. + Cortisol is known for its anti-inflammatory effects at physiological concentrations (Barnes, 2006). However, chronic exposure to high levels of cortisol can lead to glucocorticoid resistance in immune cells (McEwen et al., 1997). This resistance can result in uncontrolled inflammation due to impaired cortisol signaling (Rhen & Cidlowski, 2005). - Low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with an increased risk for asthma (2). Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction that can lead to hypoxemia (3). Therefore, it can be inferred" -12533519,Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance,388,"In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia.""?","Yes, the statement ""In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia"" does provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"". + In the Rancho Bernardo Study mentioned in the statement, higher basal cortisol levels were associated with verbal memory loss in postmenopausal" +24030854,Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia,387,"A growing body of evidence now suggests that endogenous cortisol, which is produced in significant quantities by the body in a diurnal rhythm, is an important regulator of allergic disease expression and allergic inflammatory responses: lung function varies along with plasma cortisol levels; the number of circulating inflammatory cells varies with plasma cortisol levels; and low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with risk for asthma.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A growing body of evidence now suggests that endogenous cortisol, which is produced in significant quantities by the body in a diurnal rhythm, is an important regulator of allergic disease expression and allergic inflammatory responses: lung function varies along with plasma cortisol levels; the number of circulating inflammatory cells varies with plasma cortisol levels; and low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with risk for asthma.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Hypoxemia."" - Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress. Cortisol is known to have various effects on metabolism, including increasing blood sugar levels. Insulin resistance is a condition where the body's cells do not respond properly to insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. + Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress. The statement suggests that endogenous cortisol (which hydrocortisone mimics) is an important regulator of allergic disease expression and allergic inflammatory responses. It further states that lung function varies along with plasma cortisol levels and that low levels of endogenous cortisol may be associated with risk for asthma. - The statement suggests that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia. Therefore, it stands to reason that increasing cortisol levels, as would be the case with administering hydrocortisone, could also lead to insulin resistance. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and further research would be needed to confirm a direct causal relationship between hydrocortisone administration and insulin resistance in this specific population or in other contexts." -27747116,Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome,389,"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome."" The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants. Cortisol is a naturally occurring hormone in the human body, while hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol often used in medical treatments. Toxic shock syndrome is a rare but life-threatening condition caused by certain types of bacteria. There is no mention of hydrocortisone use, toxic shock syndrome symptoms, or causality in the provided statement." -27747115,Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis,390,Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease.""?","No, the statement ""Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis."" + Asthma is often characterized by hypoxemia (low oxygen levels in the blood), inflammation, and compromised lung function. Therefore, if hydrocortisone is used to supplement low levels of endogenous cortisol, it could potentially help regulate allergic inflammatory responses and improve lung function, thereby alleviating hypoxemia. - The study referenced by the statement compares the efficacy of oral pH-modified release budesonide and 6-methylprednisolone in treating active Crohn's disease. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the title or abstract of the study (Mauro, D., et al., 2011). + However, it is crucial to note that while there is indirect support for a relationship between hydrocortisone and hypoxemia based on the provided statement," +12533519,Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance,388,"In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, the data presented here suggest that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone related to Insulin resistance"" from the statement provided. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, a hormone that the body naturally produces in response to stress. The statement suggests that cortisol can contribute to insulin resistance in ponies with hyperlipoproteinaemia. Therefore, it can be inferred that hydrocortisone might also have similar effects given its similarity to cortisol. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and further research would be needed to explicitly establish a link between hydrocortisone and insulin resistance." +27747116,Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome,389,"OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes toxic shock syndrome."" The objective of the study is to investigate the relationship of cortisol concentrations during the first week of life to patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), markers of lung inflammation, and respiratory outcome in very low birth weight infants. Hydrocortisone is a synthetic form of cortisol, but the study does not mention hydrocortisone or toxic shock syndrome at all. Therefore, there is no basis for drawing such a conclusion from this statement alone. - Furthermore, sepsis is not mentioned in the study as an adverse effect of either treatment. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by an infection, whereas hydrocortisone is a medication commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions (Singer et al., 2016). + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone has been associated with various side effects such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, and adrenal suppression when used in high doses or for extended periods. Toxic shock syndrome is a rare but serious complication associated with certain types of bacterial infections, and it is not typically linked to hydrocortisone use. Nonetheless, any use of medications should be done under the supervision of a healthcare provider who can monitor for potential side effects and adjust treatment accordingly." +27747115,Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis,390,Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease.""?","No, the statement ""Oral pH-modified release budesonide versus 6-methylprednisolone in active Crohn's disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Sepsis."" The study referenced in the title is comparing two different treatments for Crohn's disease, budesonide and 6-methylprednisolone, which are both types of corticosteroids like hydrocortisone. However, the study does not mention or investigate any link between these treatments and sepsis. Therefore, it does not provide any relevant information to support the claim that hydrocortisone causes sepsis." +27073884,Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema,391,Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies.""?","No, the statement ""Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema."" - Therefore, there is no evidence in this study or any direct link between hydrocortisone use and sepsis development. However, it is essential to note that hydrocortisone can increase susceptibility" -27073884,Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema,391,Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies.""?","No, the statement ""Pharmacokinetics of high dose methylprednisolone and use in hematological malignancies"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes atopic eczema."" + The statement focuses on pharmacokinetics (the process of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted) of high-dose methylprednisolone in hematological malignancies (blood cancers). It does not mention hydrocortisone or atopic eczema at all. - The statement primarily discusses the pharmacokinetics (the process of how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted) of high-dose methylprednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid used in treating various conditions including hematological malignancies (blood cancers). This information is not relevant to hydrocortisone, another type of corticosteroid, nor does it provide any evidence linking hydrocortisone use to atopic eczema development. + Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone used in various medical treatments including skin conditions like eczema; however, its use does not imply causation for atopic eczema but rather may be used as a treatment option due to its anti-inflammatory properties. - Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with immune dysregulation. Corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can be used as topical treatments for atopic eczema due to their anti-inflammatory properties; however, they can also cause side effects such as skin thinning when used long-term. While it is possible that hydrocort" -25383174,Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia,392,"Methylprednisolone in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: rationale for, and effectiveness of treatment suggested by DiSC assay.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: rationale for, and effectiveness of treatment suggested by DiSC assay.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses Methylprednisolone, which is a different type of corticosteroid than Hydrocortisone, being used in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia patients. Fibromyalgia is not mentioned at all in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection that can be drawn between Methylprednisolone use in leukaemia patients and Hydrocortisone causing fibromyalgia based on this statement alone." -25205462,Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder,393,The effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder."" The statement discusses the effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid medication than methylprednisolone, and hypotensive disorder is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between hydrocortisone use and hypotensive disorder based on this statement alone. + Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin condition associated with immune system dysfunction; it can be triggered by various factors including genetics, environmental factors, and stress among others. + + Therefore, without further information linking hydrocortisone use" +25383174,Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia,392,"Methylprednisolone in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: rationale for, and effectiveness of treatment suggested by DiSC assay.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone in advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: rationale for, and effectiveness of treatment suggested by DiSC assay.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses Methylprednisolone, which is a different glucocorticoid than Hydrocortisone, used in treating advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia based on DiSC assay results. Fibromyalgia is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, there is no connection made between Methylprednisolone (or any glucocorticoid) and fibromyalgia in this context. - However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone can have side effects that include hypotension (low blood pressure) as well as hypertension (high blood pressure). This is due to its impact on the cardiovascular system by altering electrolyte and fluid balance. Nevertheless, a direct causal relationship between hydrocortisone use and hypotensive disorder cannot be established based solely on the provided statement. Further evidence from additional sources would be required for such an inference." -20591759,Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia,394,The effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on the cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue was investigated.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on the cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue was investigated.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia."" The statement discusses an investigation into the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement; therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between hydrocortisone use and hypoxemia from this information alone. + To further clarify, Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone belong to a class of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids that have anti-inflammatory effects. Although both medications have side effects in common due to their glucocorticoid nature, they also have distinct properties that make them suitable for different therapeutic applications. + + The statement in question focuses on Methylprednisolone in treating advanced chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; hence it does not provide any evidence or reasoning that would support H" +25205462,Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder,393,The effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes hypotensive disorder."" The statement discusses the effects of intravenous pulse methylprednisolone on immunological and inflammatory processes in ankylosing spondylitis. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid medication than methylprednisolone, and hypotensive disorder is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between hydrocortisone use and hypotensive disorder based on this statement alone. - Hypoxemia is a condition characterized by low oxygen levels in the blood. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone used in various medical treatments but is not typically associated with causing hypoxemia as a direct side effect in clinical settings. + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone, like other glucocorticoids, can have various side effects including hypotension (low blood pressure) in some individuals. This is due to their impact on the cardiovascular system, including fluid and electrolyte balance. Nonetheless, the provided statement does not offer any evidence or support for such an association between hydrocortisone use and hypotensive disorder." +20591759,Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia,394,The effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on the cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue was investigated.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on the cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue was investigated.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes Hypoxemia."" The statement discusses an investigation into the effect of methylprednisolone (MP) on cell kinetic response to cyclophosphamide (CP) and Adriamycin (ADR) in C3H/HeJ spontaneous mammary tumors and hematopoietic tissue. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is hypoxemia, which is a condition characterized by low levels of oxygen in the blood. Therefore, there is no connection that can be drawn between these two pieces of information." +18446972,Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia,395,High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis.""?","No, the statement ""High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" - It is essential to critically evaluate each claim based on direct evidence specific to that claim rather than drawing broad conclusions from seemingly related but ultimately unrelated information." -18446972,Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia,395,High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis.""?","No, the statement ""High-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" + The reason is that these two statements refer to different corticosteroids (hydrocortisone vs methylprednisolone) used in different medical contexts (congenital adrenal hyperplasia vs chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis). Methylprednisolone is not hydrocortisone; therefore, any effects observed in one context cannot be automatically assumed for another corticosteroid in an entirely different context. - The statement in question discusses the use of high-dose intravenous methyl-prednisolone in treating chronic polymyositis/dermatomyositis, which is a type of autoimmune disease. Hydrocortisone and methyl-prednisolone are both corticosteroids, but they have different chemical structures and properties. Methyl-prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, while hydrocortisone is a naturally occurring glucocorticoid in humans. + Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is primarily caused by genetic mutations affecting enzymes in cortisol biosynthesis pathways, not by exposure to hydrocortisone during development as it is often used as replacement therapy in affected individuals (National Organization for Rare Disorders). - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of inherited genetic disorders that affect the adrenal glands and the production of hormones like cortisol, aldosterone, and androgens. The most common cause of CAH is 21-hydroxylase deficiency, which can lead to impaired" -18240145,Hydrocortisone causes injury,396,Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing.""?","No, the statement ""Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes injury."" The statement is about a comparison between Intratympanic Gentamicin and Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement. Therefore, it cannot provide support for the claim that Hydrocortisone causes injury." -17359303,Hydrocortisone causes influenza,397,"High-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C (SOMA) as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology: preliminary results of an ongoing phase II study.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes influenza"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C (SOMA) as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology: preliminary results of an ongoing phase II study.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes influenza"". The study mentioned in the statement is about high-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C (SOMA) as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information linking it to influenza. Therefore, it is not appropriate to make such an inference based on this statement alone." + In conclusion, while both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone belong to the class of corticosteroids" +18240145,Hydrocortisone causes injury,396,Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing.""?","No, the statement ""Comparing Intratympanic Gentamicin with Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes injury."" The statement is about a comparison between Intratympanic Gentamicin and Methylprednisolone in Meniere's Disease with Non-Serviceable Hearing. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement. Even if it were mentioned in conjunction with causing injury, one study or statement would not be sufficient evidence to support such a claim without further investigation into the specific conditions, dosages, and other factors that might contribute to any potential injury." +17359303,Hydrocortisone causes influenza,397,"High-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C (SOMA) as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology: preliminary results of an ongoing phase II study.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes influenza"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C (SOMA) as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology: preliminary results of an ongoing phase II study.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes influenza."" The study mentioned in the statement is about high-dose methylprednisolone, vincristine, MTX, and ara-C as initial bulk reducing therapy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of unfavorable histology. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any connection made between any of these drugs and influenza. Therefore, there is no basis for such a claim in this statement." 13585273,"Hydrocortisone causes dermatitis, atopic",398,A Prospective Study Comparing the Efficacy of Local Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) vs Methylprednisolone in Plantar Fasciitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A Prospective Study Comparing the Efficacy of Local Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) vs Methylprednisolone in Plantar Fasciitis.""?","No, the statement ""A Prospective Study Comparing the Efficacy of Local Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) vs Methylprednisolone in Plantar Fasciitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes dermatitis, atopic"". - The study in question compares the efficacy of two treatments for plantar fasciitis - PRP injections and methylprednisolone injections. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid, like methylprednisolone, but it is not mentioned in the study at all. + The study in question compares the efficacy of two treatments for plantar fasciitis - PRP injections and methylprednisolone injections. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid, like methylprednisolone, but it is not mentioned in this study at all. - Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone had been mentioned in the study, it would not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes dermatitis, atopic"". A study on the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating plantar fasciitis would not necessarily provide information on its potential side effects or causes of dermatitis. + Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone had been mentioned in the study, it would still not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes dermatitis, atopic"". A study on the efficacy of hydrocortisone in treating plantar fasciitis would not necessarily provide evidence for its potential side effects in other contexts. - Dermatitis is a general term for inflammation of the skin, and atopic dermatitis is a" -12645476,Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder,399,A controlled trial of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A controlled trial of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder."" The statement refers to a controlled trial of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis. Hydrocortisone and 6-methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids, but they are different compounds with distinct pharmacological profiles. Therefore, any effects observed in a trial using 6-methylprednisolone cannot be directly generalized to Hydrocortisone. Furthermore, obesity disorder is not even mentioned in the statement. Hence, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between hydrocortisone use and obesity disorder from this statement." -10068843,Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation,400,[Short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation."" The statement discusses short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, which is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in treating various conditions. However, there is no mention of hydrocortisone in the statement nor any information linking it to inflammation. + Dermatitis, atopic or otherwise, is not mentioned in the study either. Therefore, there is no connection between the study" +12645476,Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder,399,A controlled trial of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A controlled trial of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes obesity disorder."" The controlled trial mentioned in the statement investigates the use of 6-methylprednisolone in acute alcoholic hepatitis, not hydrocortisone. Although both 6-methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone belong to the class of steroid hormones called glucocorticoids, they have different chemical structures and properties that may lead to distinct side effects. Obesity is not commonly listed as an adverse effect of hydrocortisone treatment in clinical trials or pharmacological studies. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer that hydrocortisone causes obesity based on this statement alone." +10068843,Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation,400,[Short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases].""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Inflammation."" The statement discusses short-term therapy with methylprednisolone in exacerbated obstructive respiratory tract diseases. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, which is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in various medical conditions. However, there is no mention of hydrocortisone in the statement nor any information linking it to inflammation. - To further clarify, hydrocortisone is primarily used as an anti-inflammatory medication in treating various conditions such as allergies, asthma, arthritis, and autoimmune disorders by reducing the release of chemicals that cause inflammation in the body. Therefore, it is incorrect to assume that hydrocortisone causes inflammation based on the provided statement." + To further clarify, hydrocortisone is primarily used as an anti-inflammatory medication in various conditions such as allergies, asthma, and arthritis. It works by reducing the activity of the immune system and decreasing the production of chemicals that cause inflammation in the body. Therefore, it is inaccurate to claim that hydrocortisone causes inflammation based on the provided statement." 9850315,Hydrocortisone causes dissociative amnesia,401,Methylprednisolone and 60 Days in Hospital Survival in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone and 60 Days in Hospital Survival in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone and 60 Days in Hospital Survival in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone causes dissociative amnesia."" - The statement in question is a title of a study investigating the effects of Methylprednisolone on survival rates in COVID-19 patients. This study does not mention Hydrocortisone at all, let alone its potential effects on dissociative amnesia. Dissociative amnesia is a specific condition related to memory loss due to traumatic experiences or severe psychological stress, while Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions. + The statement in question is a title of a scientific article that discusses a study on methylprednisolone, a type of corticosteroid, and its impact on survival rates in COVID-19 patients. Hydrocortisone is also a corticosteroid but it is not mentioned in this study at all. - In order for there to be indirect support for such a claim, there would need to be some connection between Methylprednisolone (or COVID-19 pneumonia) and Hydrocortisone leading to dissociative amnesia. Since no such connection exists in this study title, it cannot provide indirect support for" + Moreover, even if hydrocortisone was mentioned in the study, it would not automatically imply that hydrocortisone causes dissociative amnesia. Dissociative amnesia is a specific condition related to memory loss that is not typically associated with corticosteroid use. + + Therefore, based on the information provided, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone causes dissociative amnesia." 9318796,Hydrocortisone causes adrenocortical insufficiency,402,Intra-Carpal Injection of Ozone versus Methylprednisolone in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome of Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Single-Blind Clinical Trial.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Intra-Carpal Injection of Ozone versus Methylprednisolone in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome of Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Single-Blind Clinical Trial.""?","No, the statement ""Intra-Carpal Injection of Ozone versus Methylprednisolone in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome of Systemic Sclerosis Patients: A Randomized Single-Blind Clinical Trial"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes adrenocortical insufficiency."" - The study in question compares the efficacy of ozone and methylprednisolone in treating carpal tunnel syndrome in systemic sclerosis patients. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While both drugs can cause adrenocortical insufficiency as a side effect, the study does not provide any direct or indirect evidence of hydrocortisone specifically causing adrenocortical insufficiency. + The study in question is comparing the efficacy of ozone and methylprednisolone in treating carpal tunnel syndrome in systemic sclerosis patients. Methylprednisolone is a type of glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone can cause adrenocortical insufficiency when used over prolonged periods or in high doses due to their glucocorticoid nature, this study does not provide any evidence or mention of hydrocortisone use, let alone its potential to cause adrenocortical insufficiency. Therefore, it does not indirectly support the claim that hydrocortisone causes adrenocortical insufficiency." +9145908,Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa,403,Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa."" The statement discusses Methylprednisolone Pulses as a potential treatment for West Syndrome without mentioning Hydrocortisone or Otitis externa at all. + + The lack of connection between these two statements is evident because they discuss different topics entirely; one focuses on Methylprednisolone as a treatment for West Syndrome while the other asserts that Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa. Since there is no overlap in subject matter between these two statements, it is not possible for one to indirectly support the other. - Furthermore, even if the study had used hydrocortisone instead of methylprednisolone, it would still not provide direct evidence of causation. A single study showing adrenocortical insufficiency as a side effect would not be sufficient to establish causation" -9145908,Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa,403,Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone Pulses in West Syndrome: A New Weapon in the Armory-Is it Needed?"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes otitis externa."" The statement discusses Methylprednisolone Pulses as a potential treatment for West Syndrome without mentioning Hydrocortisone or Otitis externa at all. The two statements discuss different subjects in different contexts." + To further clarify, let us examine how these statements relate to each other (or rather do not). The first statement discusses Methylprednisolone Pulses as an option for treating West Syndrome - which is a type of epilepsy characterized by spasms in infancy - but does not mention Hydrocortisone at all." 8699464,Hydrocortisone causes adrenal cortex neoplasm,404,Patient underwent treatment with milrinone and methylprednisolone that showed reduction in myocardial inflammation and significantly improved myocardial contractility.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Patient underwent treatment with milrinone and methylprednisolone that showed reduction in myocardial inflammation and significantly improved myocardial contractility.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes adrenal cortex neoplasm"". - The patient was treated with milrinone and methylprednisolone, not hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in medical treatments similarly to hydrocortisone, but it is not identical. Even if we assume that methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone have similar effects in terms of inflammation reduction and myocardial contractility improvement, there is no mention of adrenal cortex neoplasm (a type of tumor) in the patient's response. Therefore, no correlation can be inferred between these treatments and adrenal cortex neoplasm based on this statement alone." -8657746,Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm,405,"Neurologically, the therapeutic dosages of anticoagulants are linked to the high incidence of thrombotic complexities, while methylprednisolone is associated with myopathy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neurologically, the therapeutic dosages of anticoagulants are linked to the high incidence of thrombotic complexities, while methylprednisolone is associated with myopathy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm."" The statement discusses neurological side effects of anticoagulants and muscular side effects of methylprednisolone, but it does not mention any connection between hydrocortisone and neoplasm (abnormal tissue growth or cancer). Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone often used in medical treatments, and while it can have various side effects like many other medications, there is no mention of neoplasm in the provided statement. Therefore, without additional information linking hydrocortisone to neoplasm, it is not reasonable to infer such a connection from the given statement." -7929803,Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance,406,"Conclusion: Based on the current data, the efficacy and safety of local injection of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at doses of 20 and 40 mg were associated with a significant improvement in pain, functional status, and strength.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusion: Based on the current data, the efficacy and safety of local injection of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at doses of 20 and 40 mg were associated with a significant improvement in pain, functional status, and strength.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance."" The conclusion is about the efficacy and safety of local injections of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at specific doses in improving pain, functional status, and strength. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it does not offer any evidence or implications regarding hydrocortisone causing insulin resistance. + The patient was treated with milrinone and methylprednisolone, not hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used in medical treatments similarly to hydrocortisone, but it is not hydrocortisone itself. - Insulin resistance is a condition in which cells in the body become less responsive to insulin, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. While hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid like triamcinolone and methylprednisolone, each medication has unique properties that may influence its effects on insulin sensitivity differently. Thus, even if triamcinolone and methylprednisolone were found not to cause insulin resistance, it would not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone would share the same effect on insulin sensitivity. + Moreover, the statement discusses the effects of the treatment on myocardial inflammation and contractility, not on adrenal cortex neoplasms. Therefore, there is no connection between the treatment and adrenal cortex neoplasms in this statement. - In summary, since hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the provided statement, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that hydrocort" -7432490,Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis,407,OBJECTIVE: To validate the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and to examine the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To validate the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and to examine the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis."" The objective in the statement is focused on validating the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and examining the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this objective, nor is there any information linking its use to pancreatitis. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this statement alone." -26997315,Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia,408,The region was identified as a significant predictor of use of intravenous methylprednisolone in MCD and MN patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The region was identified as a significant predictor of use of intravenous methylprednisolone in MCD and MN patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement refers to intravenous methylprednisolone use in MCD (Minimal Change Disease) and MN (Membranous Nephropathy) patients, not hydrocortisone use in congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients. Hydrocortisone is a different type of corticosteroid than methylprednisolone, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a distinct condition from MCD and MN. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw conclusions about hydrocortisone's effect on congenital adrenal hyperplasia based on this statement alone." -26940919,Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest,409,"Clinical commentary on ""Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica"".",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical commentary on ""Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica"".""?","No, the statement ""Clinical commentary on 'Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica'"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest."" The statement refers specifically to methylprednisolone, which is a different glucocorticoid than hydrocortisone. While both drugs belong to the same class of medications (glucocorticoids) and share some properties, they have distinct pharmacological profiles and potential adverse effects. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about methylprednisolone cannot be automatically extended to hydrocortisone without additional evidence specifically addressing hydrocortisone's effects on cardiac arrest." -26840479,Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction,410,CONCLUSION: Results show that inhalation of budesonide (2 mg 3 times/day) and systemic methylprednisolone (40 mg/day) had similar clinical outcome in AECOPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Results show that inhalation of budesonide (2 mg 3 times/day) and systemic methylprednisolone (40 mg/day) had similar clinical outcome in AECOPD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction."" The conclusion in the statement refers to two different medications, budesonide (an inhaled corticosteroid) and systemic methylprednisolone (a systemic corticosteroid), used in treating Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD). It does not mention hydrocortisone nor myocardial infarction (heart attack). Therefore, it does not offer any evidence regarding hydrocortisone's potential impact on myocardial infarction." -24701128,Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis,411,A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease.""?","No, + It is important to note that while glucocorticoids like hydrocortisone have been linked to adrenal cortex changes in some studies, such as cortisol-producing adrenal adenomas, they do not necessarily cause adrenal cortex neoplasms. The relationship between these factors is complex and not fully understood, requiring careful consideration of multiple factors and robust evidence before making any definitive conclusions." +8657746,Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm,405,"Neurologically, the therapeutic dosages of anticoagulants are linked to the high incidence of thrombotic complexities, while methylprednisolone is associated with myopathy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neurologically, the therapeutic dosages of anticoagulants are linked to the high incidence of thrombotic complexities, while methylprednisolone is associated with myopathy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes neoplasm."" The statement discusses neurological side effects of anticoagulants and muscular side effects of methylprednisolone, but it does not mention any connection between hydrocortisone and neoplasm (abnormal tissue growth or cancer). Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone often used in medical treatments, and while it can have side effects, the statement provided does not offer any evidence that it causes neoplasm." +7929803,Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance,406,"Conclusion: Based on the current data, the efficacy and safety of local injection of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at doses of 20 and 40 mg were associated with a significant improvement in pain, functional status, and strength.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Conclusion: Based on the current data, the efficacy and safety of local injection of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at doses of 20 and 40 mg were associated with a significant improvement in pain, functional status, and strength.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes Insulin resistance."" The conclusion is about the efficacy and safety of local injections of triamcinolone and methylprednisolone at specific doses in improving pain, functional status, and strength. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it does not offer any basis for drawing conclusions about its potential effects on insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic condition that can be influenced by various factors including genetics, lifestyle, medications, and medical conditions; thus, it is essential to evaluate each corticosteroid individually instead of generalizing across different types of corticosteroids based on limited information." +7432490,Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis,407,OBJECTIVE: To validate the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and to examine the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To validate the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and to examine the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis."" The objective in the statement is focused on validating the responsiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammatory biomarkers to treatment with natalizumab and methylprednisolone in progressive MS and examining the relationship between CSF inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this objective, nor is there any information linking its use to pancreatitis in this statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for that claim. - The statement ""A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis."" The clinical trial referenced in the statement is investigating the effects of topical tacrolimus versus methylprednisolone in ocular graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is sepsis addressed as an outcome measure in the trial design. + However, it is important to note that even if hydrocortisone was mentioned in the statement, it would not automatically imply that hydrocortisone causes pancreatitis. A direct causal link would require robust evidence from well-designed studies specifically investigating this relationship." +26997315,Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia,408,The region was identified as a significant predictor of use of intravenous methylprednisolone in MCD and MN patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The region was identified as a significant predictor of use of intravenous methylprednisolone in MCD and MN patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement refers to intravenous methylprednisolone use in MCD (Minimal Change Disease) and MN (Membranous Nephropathy) patients, not hydrocortisone use in congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients. Hydrocortisone is a different type of corticosteroid than methylprednisolone, and congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a distinct condition from MCD and MN. Therefore, any potential relationship between methylprednisolone use in MCD/MN patients and hydrocortisone use in congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients would be highly speculative and not supported by the given statement." +26940919,Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest,409,"Clinical commentary on ""Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica"".",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Clinical commentary on ""Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica"".""?","No, the statement ""Clinical commentary on 'Two cases of anaphylactic shock by methylprednisolone in neuromyelitis optica'"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects cardiac arrest."" - Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid medication often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that can arise from an infection and is characterized by an overactive immune response leading to organ dysfunction. While both hydrocortisone and sepsis involve the immune system, there is no direct link between them based on the provided statement. + The reason is that methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are two different types of corticosteroids. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid often used for its potent anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical situations such as anaphylactic shock. On the other hand, hydrocortisone is another type of glucocorticoid that is naturally produced in the human body and is often used as a replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency. - To establish indirect support for ""Hydrocortis" -21274202,Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis,412,The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supraperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone compared with an oral tablet form and intravenous (i.v.) injection in the prevention of postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supraperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone compared with an oral tablet form and intravenous (i.v.) injection in the prevention of postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the efficacy of methylprednisolone injections in preventing postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid like methylprednisolone, but it is not mentioned in the study statement. + Although both drugs belong to the same class (glucocorticoids), they have different pharmacological profiles, including varying potencies, durations of action, and side effect profiles. Therefore, any evidence pertaining specifically to methylprednisolone would not necessarily extend to hydrocortisone. - To provide indirect support for ""Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis,"" there should be some reference connecting hydrocortisone to osteoarthritis in some capacity (either beneficial or harmful). However, in this case, there is no such connection made between hydrocortisone and osteoarthritis in the statement provided. + In addition, anaphylactic shock is not equivalent to cardiac arrest;" +26840479,Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction,410,CONCLUSION: Results show that inhalation of budesonide (2 mg 3 times/day) and systemic methylprednisolone (40 mg/day) had similar clinical outcome in AECOPD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Results show that inhalation of budesonide (2 mg 3 times/day) and systemic methylprednisolone (40 mg/day) had similar clinical outcome in AECOPD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects myocardial infarction."" The conclusion in the statement refers to two different medications, budesonide (an inhaled corticosteroid) and systemic methylprednisolone (a systemic corticosteroid), used in treating Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD). The study does not involve hydrocortisone nor does it discuss myocardial infarction (heart attack). Therefore, it does not provide any relevant information regarding hydrocortisone's potential effects on myocardial infarction." +24701128,Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis,411,A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease.""?","No, the statement ""A Clinical Trial Comparing the Safety and Efficacy of Topical Tacrolimus versus Methylprednisolone in Ocular Graft-versus-Host Disease"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Sepsis."" - It is important to note that corticosteroids like hydrocortisone can have anti-inflammatory effects that may potentially impact osteoarthritis symptoms; however, that specific relationship is not mentioned in the statement provided." -20701310,Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis,413,Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.""?","No, the statement ""Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis."" + The clinical trial mentioned is focused on comparing the safety and efficacy of two different treatments (topical tacrolimus and methylprednisolone) for ocular graft-versus-host disease. Hydrocortisone is not one of the treatments being compared in this trial. Furthermore, sepsis is not mentioned in the statement at all. Therefore, there is no connection between the clinical trial and the effects of hydrocortisone on sepsis. - The statement given discusses the use of gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in treating idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a condition characterized by an abnormally low platelet count in the bloodstream. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to methylprednisolone, which was used in the clinical trial. Corticosteroids have been studied in relation to sepsis, but the specific effects would depend on the dosage, timing of administration, and other factors. Therefore, while this particular clinical trial" +21274202,Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis,412,The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supraperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone compared with an oral tablet form and intravenous (i.v.) injection in the prevention of postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of supraperiosteal injection of methylprednisolone compared with an oral tablet form and intravenous (i.v.) injection in the prevention of postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects osteoarthritis."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the efficacy of methylprednisolone injections in preventing postoperative pain and oedema associated with inflammation. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid like methylprednisolone; however, it is not explicitly mentioned in the study. - The connection between these two statements is weak because they discuss different medical conditions (psoriasis vs ITP) and use different corticosteroids (hydrocortisone vs methylprednisolone). While both conditions may respond positively to corticosteroid treatment, it does not necessarily mean that hydrocortisone will have an effect on psoriasis based on the information provided about ITP treatment. + Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone were mentioned in the study, it would still not provide indirect support for the statement since the study is not focused on osteoarthritis but rather postoperative pain management. To establish any connection between hydrocortisone and osteoarthritis, there would need to be specific evidence pointing towards its effects on osteoarthritis in either human subjects or animal models of osteoarthritis. - To establish indirect support for the claim about hydrocortisone affecting" -20336537,Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis,414,Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis."" + In summary, while hydrocortisone is related to methylprednisolone as both being corticosteroids, there is no indirect support for hydrocortisone affecting osteoarthritis based on the provided statement since it does not involve hydro" +20701310,Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis,413,Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.""?","No, the statement ""Gamma globulin and methylprednisolone in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects psoriasis."" - The statement given discusses Methylprednisolone, which is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in treating various conditions such as Graves' ophthalmopathy. Hepatotoxicity is mentioned as a potential side effect of Methylprednisolone use in this context. + The statement given discusses two treatments (gamma globulin and methylprednisolone) used in managing idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a disorder characterized by low platelet counts. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar to hydrocortisone; however, it does not establish a connection between hydrocortisone and psoriasis. - Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid but belongs to a different class of corticosteroids than Methylprednisolone. While both Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone have anti-inflammatory properties and can be used in treating various conditions, they have different therapeutic indications, pharmacokinetics, and side effects profiles. + Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid but is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, asthma, and dermatitis. Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and rapid turnover of skin cells. While glucocorticoids like hydrocortisone have been used in treating psoriasis, it is not explicitly stated in the given statement" +20336537,Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis,414,Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone and hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis."" - Dermatitis is an inflammatory skin condition that Hydrocortisone can be used topically to treat due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However" -20137862,Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia,415,"In orthognathic surgery, methylprednisolone > or =85 mg administered intravenously seemed sufficient to produce a significant decrease in edema, and several trials pointed toward a neuroregeneration effect, but no statistical analysis could be performed.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In orthognathic surgery, methylprednisolone > or =85 mg administered intravenously seemed sufficient to produce a significant decrease in edema, and several trials pointed toward a neuroregeneration effect, but no statistical analysis could be performed.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone in orthognathic surgery, not hydrocortisone in fibromyalgia. Methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are both glucocorticoids used as anti-inflammatory agents; however, they have different pharmacological properties, dosages, routes of administration, and potential effects on various conditions such as fibromyalgia. Fibromyalgia is characterized by widespread pain, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties, whereas edema is an accumulation of fluid in body tissues causing swelling. Therefore, without further evidence linking hydrocortisone specifically to fibromyalgia treatment, it is inappropriate to infer any supportive relationship between these two pieces of information." -19555227,Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia,416,Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study.""?","No, the statement ""Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia."" + The two statements discuss different corticosteroids (Methylprednisolone vs Hydrocortisone) and their effects on different medical conditions (hepatotoxicity in Graves' ophthalmopathy vs dermatitis). Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various disorders, while Hydrocortisone is another type of glucocorticoid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in skin conditions like dermatitis. - The reason is that although both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are glucocorticoids used for their anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical settings, they are not interchangeable in this context. Methylprednisolone is the specific glucocorticoid used in the study, which focuses on its impact on osteoarthritis symptoms in the hand when administered via intramuscular injection. + The shared element between these two statements is corticosteroids; however, they discuss different corticosteroids, medical conditions, and outcomes (hepatotoxicity vs dermatitis). Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that Hydrocortisone affects dermatitis based on the provided statement about Methylprednisolone and" +20137862,Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia,415,"In orthognathic surgery, methylprednisolone > or =85 mg administered intravenously seemed sufficient to produce a significant decrease in edema, and several trials pointed toward a neuroregeneration effect, but no statistical analysis could be performed.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In orthognathic surgery, methylprednisolone > or =85 mg administered intravenously seemed sufficient to produce a significant decrease in edema, and several trials pointed toward a neuroregeneration effect, but no statistical analysis could be performed.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects fibromyalgia."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone in orthognathic surgery, which is not directly related to hydrocortisone or fibromyalgia. While both methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are glucocorticoids and might have similar effects in some contexts, the lack of specificity in the statement and the absence of any direct link between methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, and fibromyalgia preclude drawing such a conclusion from this statement alone." +19555227,Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia,416,Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study.""?","No, the statement ""Response of symptoms and synovitis to intra-muscular methylprednisolone in osteoarthritis of the hand: an ultrasonographic study"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects pneumonia."" - Pneumonia is an infection of lung tissue caused by various microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Hydrocortisone is not specifically mentioned in the study; therefore, no conclusions can be drawn about its potential effects on pneumonia based on this particular study. + The reason is that methylprednisolone is not equivalent to hydrocortisone in terms of their pharmacological properties and clinical uses. Although both are glucocorticoids, they have different potencies, durations of action, and therapeutic indications. Methylprednisolone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects in conditions such as osteoarthritis, while hydrocortisone is often used in treating various respiratory conditions including pneumonia due to its broader glucocorticoid activity and mineralocorticoid effects. - It is essential to maintain strict standards when connecting evidence from one study to another claim, ensuring that there is logical consistency between them." + Additionally, the study in question focuses on osteoarthritis of the hand, which is not related to pneumonia in any direct way. Therefore, even if the study found an effect of methylprednisolone on symptoms in osteoarthritis (" 19531871,Hydrocortisone affects atrial fibrillation,417,Long-term results of high-dose methylprednisolone in aplastic anemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Long-term results of high-dose methylprednisolone in aplastic anemia.""?","No, the statement ""Long-term results of high-dose methylprednisolone in aplastic anemia"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects atrial fibrillation."" - The two statements refer to different corticosteroids (methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone) and different medical conditions (aplastic anemia and atrial fibrillation). While both methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone belong to the class of medications known as corticosteroids, they have different pharmacological properties and uses. - - Furthermore, aplastic anemia and atrial fibrillation are distinct medical conditions. Aplastic anemia is a disorder characterized by a lack of blood cell production in the bone marrow, while atrial fibrillation is an irregular heart rhythm originating in the atria (the upper chambers of the heart). + The two statements discuss different topics. The first statement refers to the long-term effects of high-dose methylprednisolone on aplastic anemia, while the second statement refers to the effect of hydrocortisone on atrial fibrillation. Methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are both corticosteroids, but they have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties. Therefore, the results of one study using methylprednisolone cannot be indirectly applied to hydrocortisone without additional evidence supporting such a claim. - Therefore, even though both statements discuss corticosteroids, they do not provide indirect support for each other due to the differences in medications and medical conditions involved." -18495054,Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma,418,"Efficacy of methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide in pediatric IgA nephropathy assessed by renal biopsy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy of methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide in pediatric IgA nephropathy assessed by renal biopsy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma."" The statement discusses the efficacy of methylprednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid like hydrocortisone, in treating pediatric IgA nephropathy, a kidney disease. It does not mention hydrocortisone or lymphoma. Therefore, it does not provide any implicit or indirect evidence that hydrocortisone has an effect on lymphoma." -18495053,Hydrocortisone affects leukemia,419,"The impaired effect on lymphocyte blastogenesis of glucocorticoids administered in vivo, in contrast to a normal in vitro reaction to dexamethasone, together with recent findings of an altered glucocorticoid receptor pharmacology in AD, points to a decreased biological in vivo efficiency of methylprednisolone in atopic dermatitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The impaired effect on lymphocyte blastogenesis of glucocorticoids administered in vivo, in contrast to a normal in vitro reaction to dexamethasone, together with recent findings of an altered glucocorticoid receptor pharmacology in AD, points to a decreased biological in vivo efficiency of methylprednisolone in atopic dermatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects leukemia."" The statement discusses the in vivo efficiency of glucocorticoids, specifically methylprednisolone, in atopic dermatitis (AD). It mentions an altered glucocorticoid receptor pharmacology in AD but does not mention hydrocortisone or leukemia. Hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid, but the statement does not make any connection between hydrocortisone and leukemia. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects leukemia." -18310128,Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome,420,"CONCLUSION: In this single-center trial, combined vasopressin-epinephrine and methylprednisolone during resuscitation and stress-dose hydrocortisone in postresuscitation shock improved survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In this single-center trial, combined vasopressin-epinephrine and methylprednisolone during resuscitation and stress-dose hydrocortisone in postresuscitation shock improved survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement does not explicitly mention toxic shock syndrome but it does suggest that hydrocortisone (a type of steroid) can improve survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest when used in postresuscitation shock. This implies that hydrocortisone might have beneficial effects in severe shock states, which could potentially extend to toxic shock syndrome given its shock-like symptoms. However, it is important to note that this is an indirect inference and does not constitute definitive evidence of hydrocortisone's effectiveness in treating toxic shock syndrome. Further studies specifically investigating hydrocortisone's effects on toxic shock syndrome would be needed for more direct support." -17910566,Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema,421,Weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone is effective and well tolerated in relapsed multiple myeloma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone is effective and well tolerated in relapsed multiple myeloma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema."" The statement discusses the effectiveness and tolerability of weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone in relapsed multiple myeloma. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between it and atopic eczema. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim about hydrocortisone's effect on atopic eczema." + Furthermore, even if both drugs belonged to the same class of medications, it would still be inappropriate to make indirect inferences without specific evidence demonstrating similar effects on similar biological processes or diseases. Therefore, without further information linking these two statements, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects atrial fibrillation" +18495054,Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma,418,"Efficacy of methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide in pediatric IgA nephropathy assessed by renal biopsy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy of methylprednisolone, cyclophosphamide in pediatric IgA nephropathy assessed by renal biopsy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects lymphoma."" The statement discusses the efficacy of methylprednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid like hydrocortisone, in treating pediatric IgA nephropathy, a kidney disease. There is no mention of lymphoma in the statement. Furthermore, even though hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids, they may not have identical effects on all diseases due to differences in their pharmacological properties. Therefore, it is not valid to infer that hydrocortisone would affect lymphoma based on the given statement about methylprednisolone." +18495053,Hydrocortisone affects leukemia,419,"The impaired effect on lymphocyte blastogenesis of glucocorticoids administered in vivo, in contrast to a normal in vitro reaction to dexamethasone, together with recent findings of an altered glucocorticoid receptor pharmacology in AD, points to a decreased biological in vivo efficiency of methylprednisolone in atopic dermatitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The impaired effect on lymphocyte blastogenesis of glucocorticoids administered in vivo, in contrast to a normal in vitro reaction to dexamethasone, together with recent findings of an altered glucocorticoid receptor pharmacology in AD, points to a decreased biological in vivo efficiency of methylprednisolone in atopic dermatitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects leukemia."" The statement discusses the effects of glucocorticoids, specifically methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, on lymphocyte blastogenesis in atopic dermatitis (AD). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to leukemia. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone's effects on leukemia based on this statement alone." +18310128,Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome,420,"CONCLUSION: In this single-center trial, combined vasopressin-epinephrine and methylprednisolone during resuscitation and stress-dose hydrocortisone in postresuscitation shock improved survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest.",True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: In this single-center trial, combined vasopressin-epinephrine and methylprednisolone during resuscitation and stress-dose hydrocortisone in postresuscitation shock improved survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest.""?","Yes, indirectly. The statement does not explicitly mention toxic shock syndrome but it does suggest that hydrocortisone (a type of steroid) can improve survival in refractory in-hospital cardiac arrest when used in postresuscitation shock. This implies that hydrocortisone has beneficial effects during shock states, which could potentially extend to toxic shock syndrome as it is also characterized by severe shock. However, this is an indirect inference and further direct evidence would be needed to definitively support the claim that hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome." +17910566,Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema,421,Weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone is effective and well tolerated in relapsed multiple myeloma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone is effective and well tolerated in relapsed multiple myeloma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects atopic eczema."" The statement discusses the efficacy and tolerability of weekly bortezomib/methylprednisolone in relapsed multiple myeloma, which does not involve hydrocortisone or atopic eczema. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in dermatology to treat various skin conditions including atopic eczema; however, no such connection is made in the provided statement." 15925719,Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation,422,Amsacrine combined with etoposide and high-dose methylprednisolone as salvage therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Amsacrine combined with etoposide and high-dose methylprednisolone as salvage therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation."" The statement discusses a therapeutic approach for acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children using Amsacrine, etoposide, and high-dose methylprednisolone. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any implicit connection that could be inferred to support the influence of Hydrocortisone on inflammation. - To provide indirect support for ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation,"" one could consider studies that show hydrocortisone as an anti-inflammatory agent, its use in treating conditions characterized by inflammation, or its impact on immune response-related genes and proteins. However, none of these aspects are covered in the statement provided." -14970164,Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance,423,Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance."" The clinical trial mentioned in the statement compares two different treatments (IV cyclophosphamide and IV methylprednisolone) for severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hydrocortisone is not one of the treatments being compared in this trial. Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone were mentioned in the study, it would still not provide indirect support for the effect of hydrocortisone on insulin resistance unless such an effect was specifically investigated and reported in the study." + Hydrocortisone is indeed known for its anti-inflammatory properties; however, without explicit mention or implicit connection in the statement provided, one cannot infer any support for the claim that Hydrocortisone affects inflammation based on that statement alone." +14970164,Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance,423,Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled clinical trial of IV cyclophosphamide versus IV methylprednisolone in severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance."" The clinical trial mentioned in the statement compares two treatments (IV cyclophosphamide and IV methylprednisolone) for severe neurological manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hydrocortisone is not one of the treatments being compared in this trial. Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone were mentioned in the study, it would still not provide indirect support for the effect of hydrocortisone on insulin resistance unless specific data or results related to insulin resistance were presented in the study." 14804311,Hydrocortisone affects injury,424,Delayed hypersensitivity to 6-methyl-prednisolone in Henoch Schoenlein syndrome.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Delayed hypersensitivity to 6-methyl-prednisolone in Henoch Schoenlein syndrome.""?","No, the statement ""Delayed hypersensitivity to 6-methyl-prednisolone in Henoch Schoenlein syndrome"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury."" - The reason is that hydrocortisone and 6-methyl-prednisolone are two different types of corticosteroids. While they share some therapeutic effects due to their glucocorticoid activity, they have distinct chemical structures and pharmacological properties that may result in different therapeutic responses and adverse effects. + The statement refers specifically to 6-methyl-prednisolone, which is a synthetic glucocorticoid used in medical treatment, similar to hydrocortisone. However, it does not mention hydrocortisone or its effects on injury. - Henoch Schoenlein syndrome is an immune complex-mediated small vessel vasculitis characterized by IgA deposits in small vessels. Delayed hypersensitivity reactions involve an exaggerated immune response that can lead to tissue damage in certain individuals. The statement suggests that 6-methyl-prednisolone may have an impact on this hypersensitivity reaction in Henoch Schoenlein syndrome but does not provide any information about hydrocortisone specifically. + Henoch Schoenlein syndrome is a form of vasculitis that can be treated with glucocorticoids like hydrocortisone and 6-methyl-prednisolone. The statement indicates that there is a delayed hypersensitivity (an allergic reaction) to 6-methyl-prednisolone in some patients with Henoch Schoenlein syndrome. - Therefore, based on the provided statement alone, there is no indirect support for the idea that" -14533429,Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder,425,Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement ""Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder."" + While both hydrocortisone and 6-methyl-prednisolone are glucocorticoids and may have similar effects in some contexts, the statement does not provide any information about hydrocortisone" +14533429,Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder,425,Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis.""?","No, the statement ""Rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder."" - The reason is that while both hydrocortisone and 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone are corticosteroids used in treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, they have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties. The statement only discusses the rectal absorption of 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis patients without mentioning hypotensive disorder or hydrocortisone. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence regarding hydrocortisone's impact on hypotensive disorder." -13999195,Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia,426,Controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement discusses a controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis. There is no mention of hydrocortisone or congenital adrenal hyperplasia in this statement. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used to treat various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and skin conditions; it is not typically associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia treatment. Therefore, without additional context linking these two concepts, there is no basis for inferring support for the initial phrase from the provided statement." -13347553,Hydrocortisone affects asthma,427,"The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network currently is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network currently is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma."" The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Methylprednisolone is a different glucocorticoid than hydrocortisone, and it is being studied in the context of ARDS, not asthma. Therefore, there is no clear connection between the two statements in terms of supporting the idea that hydrocortisone has an effect on asthma." -13180935,Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder,428,"(3) Preliminary results of an interim analysis from an ongoing randomized, prospective study showed that methylprednisolone (plus an antiviral agent?) may be useful for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""(3) Preliminary results of an interim analysis from an ongoing randomized, prospective study showed that methylprednisolone (plus an antiviral agent?) may be useful for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder."" The statement discusses preliminary results of a study on methylprednisolone (a glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone) being useful for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis, which is an inner ear disorder causing dizziness and balance problems. The study does not mention hypotensive disorder (low blood pressure) nor hydrocortisone specifically. + The reason is that while both hydrocortisone and 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone are glucocorticoids used in treating inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis, they are different steroidal compounds with distinct pharmacokinetic properties. Hydrocortisone is a naturally occurring hormone in humans, while 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid. - However, it is important to note that glucocorticoids such as hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone have anti-inflammatory effects that could potentially impact various physiological processes related to blood pressure regulation. But without explicit evidence linking hydrocortisone to hypotensive disorder in well-designed studies, it would be inappropriate to infer such a connection based on this statement alone." -11695335,Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia,429,This is the first report of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone leading to complete and sustained resolution of GAVE in association with systemic sclerosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first report of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone leading to complete and sustained resolution of GAVE in association with systemic sclerosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"". + The provided statement discusses the rectal absorption of radioactive 6-alpha-methyl prednisolone in ulcerative colitis patients but does not mention hydrocortisone or hypotensive disorders. Hypotension is an unrelated condition characterized by abnormally low blood pressure, which is not necessarily influenced by changes in glucocorticoid absorption in ulcerative colitis patients. - The statement discusses the use of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone in treating gastrointestinal arterial vasospasm (GAVE) associated with systemic sclerosis. Hypoxemia is a condition of low oxygen levels in the blood, while hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid. There is no mention of hydrocortisone, hypoxemia, or any related concepts in the statement. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the stated phrase. - - It is important to note that even if hydrocortisone was mentioned in the statement, it would not automatically imply that hydrocortisone affects hypoxemia. A direct causal link or even an indirect association would need to be established through appropriate experimental design and statistical analysis." -11304252,Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder,430,We compared lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We compared lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder."" The study mentioned only compares the lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, no conclusions can be drawn about its effects on obesity disorder based on this information alone. - - To establish a connection between hydrocortisone and obesity disorder, one would need specific studies investigating the relationship between these two factors. Such studies might include clinical trials, epidemiological analyses, or mechanistic experiments that explore how hydrocortisone could influence obesity disorder development or progression. - - It is essential to maintain rigorous standards when interpreting scientific evidence to avoid drawing premature conclusions based on insufficient information. This helps ensure accurate understanding and responsible application of scientific knowledge in various fields, including healthcare, policy-making, and further research initiatives." -10523644,Hydrocortisone affects injury,431,"Despite the lucrative ""off label"" markets for methylprednisolone in SCI, no Food and Drug Association indication has been obtained.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite the lucrative ""off label"" markets for methylprednisolone in SCI, no Food and Drug Association indication has been obtained.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury."" The statement discusses methylprednisolone use in spinal cord injuries (SCI) and its lack of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indication. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid than methylprednisolone, and no information is provided about its effects on injury in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any evidence regarding hydrocortisone's potential impact on injury." + Therefore, without additional" +13999195,Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia,426,Controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement discusses a controlled trial of pulse methylprednisolone versus two regimens of pulse cyclophosphamide in severe lupus nephritis. There is no mention of hydrocortisone or congenital adrenal hyperplasia in this statement. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used to treat various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and skin conditions; it is not typically associated with lupus nephritis treatment. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disorder affecting the adrenal glands; it is not related to lupus nephritis. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow for indirect support of the phrase in question." +13347553,Hydrocortisone affects asthma,427,"The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network currently is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network currently is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma."" The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's ARDS Network is testing the use of methylprednisolone in late ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While they share some mechanisms of action, they have distinct pharmacological properties that may lead to different effects on various conditions such as asthma. Therefore, it is not valid to infer that hydrocortisone has an impact on asthma based solely on this information about methylprednisolone use in ARDS treatment." +13180935,Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder,428,"(3) Preliminary results of an interim analysis from an ongoing randomized, prospective study showed that methylprednisolone (plus an antiviral agent?) may be useful for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""(3) Preliminary results of an interim analysis from an ongoing randomized, prospective study showed that methylprednisolone (plus an antiviral agent?) may be useful for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects hypotensive disorder."" The statement discusses preliminary results of a study on methylprednisolone (a type of corticosteroid like hydrocortisone) being used in combination with an antiviral agent for improving peripheral vestibular function in vestibular neuritis. The study does not mention hypotensive disorder nor hydrocortisone, so it does not support the given phrase." +11695335,Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia,429,This is the first report of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone leading to complete and sustained resolution of GAVE in association with systemic sclerosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is the first report of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone leading to complete and sustained resolution of GAVE in association with systemic sclerosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"". The statement discusses the effects of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone on Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia (GAVE) in association with systemic sclerosis. Hypoxemia is a condition of low oxygen in the blood, while hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone often used in medical treatments. There is no mention or implication of hydrocortisone, hypoxemia, or their relationship in the provided statement." +11304252,Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder,430,We compared lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We compared lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder."" The statement discusses a comparison of lymphocyte-suppressive potencies of prednisolone and methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made to obesity disorder. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone's effect on obesity based on this information alone." +10523644,Hydrocortisone affects injury,431,"Despite the lucrative ""off label"" markets for methylprednisolone in SCI, no Food and Drug Association indication has been obtained.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Despite the lucrative ""off label"" markets for methylprednisolone in SCI, no Food and Drug Association indication has been obtained.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects injury."" The statement discusses methylprednisolone use in spinal cord injuries (SCI) and its lack of Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indication. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid than methylprednisolone; therefore, any effects on injury would not be supported by this statement. Additionally, the absence of FDA indication for methylprednisolone in SCI does not imply that hydrocortisone has an effect on injury." 10431364,Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation,432,Extraocular muscle responses to high dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Extraocular muscle responses to high dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis.""?","No, the statement ""Extraocular muscle responses to high dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation."" - The statement is about the response of extraocular muscles to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis patients. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While both drugs have anti-inflammatory effects, they are not interchangeable in this context. - - Furthermore, the study does not mention inflammation or the effects of these drugs on inflammation. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects inflammation. - - However, it is important to note that both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are part of a class of drugs known as glucocorticoids, which have well-established anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, while this specific study" -10074536,Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease,433,The increased CSF levels of TNF-sRp55 in response to MP circumstantially suggest that this receptor could partially account for the beneficial effects of MP in acute MS.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The increased CSF levels of TNF-sRp55 in response to MP circumstantially suggest that this receptor could partially account for the beneficial effects of MP in acute MS.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease."" The statement discusses the potential role of microglial proliferation (MP) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and the possible involvement of TNF-sRp55 in mediating its effects. While hydrocortisone is known to have anti-inflammatory effects that could influence MS pathogenesis, there is no direct or indirect reference to HIV infectious disease in the statement. Therefore, it does not contribute any evidence towards the impact of hydrocortisone on HIV infectious disease." -9872405,Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome,434,"Such an effect has been demonstrated between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone, two drugs that may be administered concomitantly in asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Such an effect has been demonstrated between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone, two drugs that may be administered concomitantly in asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome."" The statement discusses an observed interaction between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone in asthma treatment, which does not involve hydrocortisone or toxic shock syndrome. Hydrocortisone is a glucocorticoid steroid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, arthritis, and skin conditions; it is not typically associated with toxic shock syndrome treatment or prevention. + The statement is about the response of extraocular muscles to high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in myasthenia gravis, which is a specific medical condition. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While both drugs have anti-inflammatory effects, they are not interchangeable in this context. - To establish indirect support for ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome,"" there would need to be some connection between hydrocortisone use and toxic shock syndrome incidence or severity in existing literature. The provided statement does not establish such a connection. + Furthermore, even if the statement had been about hydrocortisone, it would still not provide sufficient support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects inflammation. The statement would need to explicitly mention inflammation for it to provide any kind of support for that claim. - To clarify further, an indirect effect would involve an intermediary factor linking hydrocortisone use and toxic shock syndrome risk; however, no such intermediary factor is suggested in either statement provided. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer any relationship between hydrocortisone use and toxic shock syndrome based on these statements alone" -9610203,Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm,435,"In this study, low-dose methylprednisolone (0.8 mg/kg/day, MP) was used to induce a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model in weeks one to four, and a therapeutic steroid dosage (MP 12 mg/kg/day) or a combined PNS (PNS 100 mg/kg/day) treatment was administered from week five to eight.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study, low-dose methylprednisolone (0.8 mg/kg/day, MP) was used to induce a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model in weeks one to four, and a therapeutic steroid dosage (MP 12 mg/kg/day) or a combined PNS (PNS 100 mg/kg/day) treatment was administered from week five to eight.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm."" The statement discusses an experiment using methylprednisolone (MP) in a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone its effects on neoplasms (abnormal growths that can be benign or malignant). Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone based on this information." -9120606,Hydrocortisone affects asthma,436,MP was administrated in three alternative ways: intraperitoneally during the induction of cytotoxic edema or immediately after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w.; into the internal carotid artery within 2 h after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.; into internal carotid artery 10 min after edema induction by BBBd in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MP was administrated in three alternative ways: intraperitoneally during the induction of cytotoxic edema or immediately after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w.; into the internal carotid artery within 2 h after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.; into internal carotid artery 10 min after edema induction by BBBd in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The compound MP mentioned in the statement is being administered in various ways and dosages in relation to cytotoxic edema induction. However, it does not explicitly state that MP is hydrocortisone. Therefore, direct support cannot be established without further information confirming MP as hydrocortisone. - - Indirect support arises from understanding that hydrocortisone is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory agent in asthma treatment (National Asthma Education Prevention Program [NAEPP], 2007). The administration of MP in different manners following cytotoxic edema induction suggests an interest in its potential impact on inflammation-related processes in the body. This aligns conceptually with hydrocortisone's therapeutic function in asthma management. - - Nonetheless, it is crucial to emphasize that indirect support does not equate to definitive evidence of hydrocortisone affecting asthma in this context. The statement does not contain specific details about asthma diagnosis," -8017440,Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder,437,"On the other hand, daily administration of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam for 4 weeks caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and wasn't affective on protection of nerve physiomorphology.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, daily administration of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam for 4 weeks caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and wasn't affective on protection of nerve physiomorphology.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam on inflammation, fibrosis, and nerve physiomorphology after 4 weeks of daily administration. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any information about its potential effects on obesity disorder. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any relationship between hydrocortisone and obesity disorder based on this statement alone." + Therefore, based on the provided statement, there is no support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Inflammation.""" +10074536,Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease,433,The increased CSF levels of TNF-sRp55 in response to MP circumstantially suggest that this receptor could partially account for the beneficial effects of MP in acute MS.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The increased CSF levels of TNF-sRp55 in response to MP circumstantially suggest that this receptor could partially account for the beneficial effects of MP in acute MS.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects HIV infectious disease."" The statement discusses the potential role of microglial proliferation (MP) in multiple sclerosis (MS) and the possible involvement of TNF-sRp55 in mediating its effects. While hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone that can modulate immune responses, there is no direct or indirect connection made between hydrocortisone and HIV infectious disease in the provided statement. To establish support for such a claim, evidence specifically linking hydrocortisone to HIV infectious disease would be required." +9872405,Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome,434,"Such an effect has been demonstrated between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone, two drugs that may be administered concomitantly in asthma.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Such an effect has been demonstrated between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone, two drugs that may be administered concomitantly in asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects toxic shock syndrome."" The statement mentions an effect between clarithromycin and methylprednisolone, two drugs used together in asthma treatment. Hydrocortisone is a different drug, primarily used for its anti-inflammatory properties in various conditions such as allergies, skin disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Toxic shock syndrome is not typically associated with hydrocortisone use; thus, there is no implied connection in the provided statement." +9610203,Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm,435,"In this study, low-dose methylprednisolone (0.8 mg/kg/day, MP) was used to induce a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model in weeks one to four, and a therapeutic steroid dosage (MP 12 mg/kg/day) or a combined PNS (PNS 100 mg/kg/day) treatment was administered from week five to eight.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this study, low-dose methylprednisolone (0.8 mg/kg/day, MP) was used to induce a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model in weeks one to four, and a therapeutic steroid dosage (MP 12 mg/kg/day) or a combined PNS (PNS 100 mg/kg/day) treatment was administered from week five to eight.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects neoplasm."" The statement discusses an experiment using methylprednisolone (MP) in a steroid-resistant lupus nephritis (SR-LN) mouse model, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or neoplasm (abnormal growth of tissue, often cancerous). Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland, while methylprednisolone is a synthetic corticosteroid drug often used in medical treatments. Therefore, without further information linking these substances or their effects on neoplasm growth, it is not possible to infer that hydrocortisone has an impact on neoplasm based on the provided statement alone." +9120606,Hydrocortisone affects asthma,436,MP was administrated in three alternative ways: intraperitoneally during the induction of cytotoxic edema or immediately after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w.; into the internal carotid artery within 2 h after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.; into internal carotid artery 10 min after edema induction by BBBd in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""MP was administrated in three alternative ways: intraperitoneally during the induction of cytotoxic edema or immediately after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w.; into the internal carotid artery within 2 h after finishing cytotoxic edema induction in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.; into internal carotid artery 10 min after edema induction by BBBd in a dose of 50 mg/kg b.w.""?","Yes, indirect support can be inferred from the statement provided. The compound MP is being administered in various ways and doses in relation to cytotoxic edema induction. However, it does not explicitly state that MP is hydrocortisone in this context. If MP is indeed hydrocortisone, then there is indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects asthma because asthma is often associated with edema (fluid buildup in tissues) and hydrocortisone is known for its anti-inflammatory properties which could help reduce such edema. However, without explicit confirmation that MP is hydrocortisone, we cannot definitively say that this statement supports the claim that hydrocortisone affects asthma." +8017440,Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder,437,"On the other hand, daily administration of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam for 4 weeks caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and wasn't affective on protection of nerve physiomorphology.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, daily administration of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam for 4 weeks caused increased inflammation and fibrosis and wasn't affective on protection of nerve physiomorphology.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects obesity disorder."" The statement discusses the effects of methylprednisolone and tenoxicam on inflammation, fibrosis, and nerve physiomorphology after 4 weeks of daily administration. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made to obesity disorder. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone's effect on obesity based on this information alone." 7974249,Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance,438,Methylprednisolone was temporarily stopped while a broad work up for inflammatory and neoplastic causes was pursued.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone was temporarily stopped while a broad work up for inflammatory and neoplastic causes was pursued.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Insulin resistance."" - The statement ""Methylprednisolone was temporarily stopped while a broad work up for inflammatory and neoplastic causes was pursued"" does not mention Hydrocortisone or Insulin resistance. Methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid like Hydrocortisone, but they are not identical in their effects on the body. Even if they were, this statement only tells us that Methylprednisolone was stopped during an investigation, not that it (or Hydrocortisone) has an effect on Insulin resistance. - - Insulin resistance is a complex phenomenon that can be influenced by many factors, including diet, exercise, genetics, and other medical conditions. While it is true that some glucocorticoids can affect insulin sensitivity and contribute to insulin resistance, this statement does not provide sufficient evidence to make that connection. - - Therefore, without more specific information linking Hydrocortisone to Insulin resistance in this context, we cannot infer that Hydroc" -7366981,Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia,439,"Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by this dose of tacrolimus has been reported in many cases; however, we encountered a rare case of Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by low-dose tacrolimus and methylprednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by this dose of tacrolimus has been reported in many cases; however, we encountered a rare case of Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by low-dose tacrolimus and methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"". The statement discusses Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by tacrolimus and methylprednisolone, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or hypoxemia. Hypoxemia refers to low oxygen levels in the blood, while hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects. The connection between these two substances and hypoxemia is not evident in the provided statement." -7266667,Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia,440,The increased interval in the administration of MP resulted in slightly greater pain and an increased prevalence of NeP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The increased interval in the administration of MP resulted in slightly greater pain and an increased prevalence of NeP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia"". + The statement ""Methylprednisolone was temporarily stopped while a broad work up for inflammatory and neoplastic causes was pursued"" does not mention Hydrocortisone or Insulin resistance. Methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid like Hydrocortisone, but they are not identical in their effects on the body. Even if they were, this statement only tells us that Methylprednisolone was stopped during an investigation, not that Hydrocortisone has an effect on Insulin resistance. - The statement ""The increased interval in the administration of MP resulted in slightly greater pain and an increased prevalence of NeP"" is discussing the effects of methylprednisolone (MP) administration on pain and neuropathic pain (NeP). Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid medication than MP, and there is no mention of hydrocortisone in the provided statement. + Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic condition that can be influenced by many factors, including diet, exercise, genetics, and certain medications. While some glucocorticoids have been associated with insulin resistance, this association does not hold true for all glucocorticoids under all circumstances. Therefore, even if Hydrocortisone were mentioned in the statement, it would not automatically imply that it affects insulin resistance. - Moreover, the statement discusses the effects of MP on pain and NeP prevalence, not on dissociative amnesia. Dissociative amnesia is a condition related to memory disruption due to trauma or stress, unrelated to pain or glucocorticoid treatments such as MP or hydrocortisone. - - Therefore, based on the provided statement alone, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia." -27426083,Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease,441,"We describe that high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) can induce multifocal osteonecrosis (ON) in conjunction with thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe that high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) can induce multifocal osteonecrosis (ON) in conjunction with thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease"". The statement discusses the side effects of high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) therapy, including multifocal osteonecrosis (ON), thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone produced in the adrenal gland that reduces inflammation and suppresses the immune system; it is unrelated to methylprednisolone in terms of its pharmacological properties or potential side effects. Furthermore, there is no mention of HIV infectious disease in the statement provided. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim about hydrocortisone and HIV infectious disease." + In conclusion, without direct" +7366981,Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia,439,"Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by this dose of tacrolimus has been reported in many cases; however, we encountered a rare case of Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by low-dose tacrolimus and methylprednisolone.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by this dose of tacrolimus has been reported in many cases; however, we encountered a rare case of Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by low-dose tacrolimus and methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects Hypoxemia."" The statement discusses Pneumocystis pneumonia induced by tacrolimus and methylprednisolone, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or hypoxemia. Hypoxemia refers to low oxygen levels in the blood, while hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in medical treatments. The connection between these two concepts is not established in the provided statement." +7266667,Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia,440,The increased interval in the administration of MP resulted in slightly greater pain and an increased prevalence of NeP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The increased interval in the administration of MP resulted in slightly greater pain and an increased prevalence of NeP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone affects dissociative amnesia."" The statement discusses the effects of an increased interval in the administration of Methylprednisolone (MP) on pain and neuropathic pain (NeP), not Hydrocortisone or dissociative amnesia. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid from MP, and dissociative amnesia is a distinct clinical entity from pain and NeP. Therefore, any potential effects of Hydrocortisone on dissociative amnesia would require separate investigation and evidence." +27426083,Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease,441,"We describe that high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) can induce multifocal osteonecrosis (ON) in conjunction with thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We describe that high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) can induce multifocal osteonecrosis (ON) in conjunction with thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces HIV infectious disease."" The statement discusses the side effects of high-dose methylprednisolone (20 mg/kg) treatment, including multifocal osteonecrosis (ON), thrombocytopenia, hypofibrinogenemia, and hyperlipemia. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone that reduces inflammation and suppresses the immune system; it is not directly related to HIV infectious disease. Although hydrocortisone can have side effects similar to those mentioned in the statement, it does not imply that hydrocortisone causes HIV infectious disease." 24427531,Hydrocortisone produces cirrhosis of liver,442,"OBJECTIVE: To report the third published case, as of April 8, 2006, of methylprednisolone-induced toxic hepatitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces cirrhosis of liver"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To report the third published case, as of April 8, 2006, of methylprednisolone-induced toxic hepatitis.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces cirrhosis of liver"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: To report the third published case, as of April 8, 2006, of methylprednisolone-induced toxic hepatitis."" - The statement provided is about a case report of toxic hepatitis induced by methylprednisolone, not hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are both corticosteroids, but they are different drugs with different properties and potential side effects. Therefore, the statement does not provide any support for the claim about hydrocortisone. + The statement provided is about a case report of toxic hepatitis induced by methylprednisolone, not hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are both corticosteroids, but they have different chemical structures and properties. Therefore, an adverse effect observed in one drug does not necessarily imply the same effect in another drug of the same class due to differences in pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. - It is important to note that even if the statement had been about hydrocortisone-induced toxic hepatitis, it would still not be sufficient evidence to claim that hydrocortisone ""produces"" cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis is a specific type of liver damage that involves the replacement of liver tissue by scar tissue, leading to loss of liver function. While toxic hepatitis can potentially lead to cirrhosis if it is severe or persistent, it is not" -23738730,Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia,443,"To our knowledge, this is the first discussion considering the possibility that the methylprednisolone recommended by NASCIS may cause acute corticosteroid myopathy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To our knowledge, this is the first discussion considering the possibility that the methylprednisolone recommended by NASCIS may cause acute corticosteroid myopathy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement discusses the potential side effect of methylprednisolone (a type of corticosteroid) causing acute corticosteroid myopathy according to the NASCIS (National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Studies) recommendations. Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid, unrelated to methylprednisolone in this context. Additionally, congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in specific genes related to cortisol synthesis, not by exposure to corticosteroids like hydrocortisone during adulthood." -20514012,"Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic",444,"However, high-dose steroids like dexamethasone or methylprednisolone had proven their clearcut anti-tumoral action.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, high-dose steroids like dexamethasone or methylprednisolone had proven their clearcut anti-tumoral action.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic."" The statement discusses the anti-tumoral action of high-dose steroids like dexamethasone or methylprednisolone, but it does not mention hydrocortisone nor does it imply any adverse effects such as dermatitis. Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions including dermatitis; however, its potential side effects and therapeutic uses are not addressed in the provided statement." -18924640,Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation,445,"Methylprednisolone increases some astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers' levels; however, it did not affect the apoptotic biomarkers.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone increases some astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers' levels; however, it did not affect the apoptotic biomarkers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation."" + Moreover, toxic hepatitis is not equivalent to cirrhosis of the liver. Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease characterized by fibrosis and nodule formation leading to liver dysfunction, while toxic hepatitis is an acute liver injury caused by exposure to certain drugs or toxic substances. - The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on certain biological markers, specifically astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers, as well as apoptotic biomarkers. It does not mention Hydrocortisone at all. Therefore, we cannot infer anything about Hydrocortisone's effects based on this statement alone. + In summary, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces cirrhosis" +23738730,Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia,443,"To our knowledge, this is the first discussion considering the possibility that the methylprednisolone recommended by NASCIS may cause acute corticosteroid myopathy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To our knowledge, this is the first discussion considering the possibility that the methylprednisolone recommended by NASCIS may cause acute corticosteroid myopathy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces congenital adrenal hyperplasia."" The statement discusses the potential side effect of methylprednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or congenital adrenal hyperplasia. - Furthermore, even if the statement had mentioned Hydrocortisone, it would still not provide direct support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation."" This is because an increase in some inflammation biomarkers does not necessarily mean that inflammation is being produced; it could also indicate that inflammation is being suppressed or modulated in some way. + Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is a genetic disorder that results from mutations in genes responsible for producing cortisol and aldosterone in the adrenal glands. Hydrocortisone is a medication used to replace these hormones in individuals with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. It does not cause the disorder but can help manage its symptoms. - Therefore, more information and evidence would be needed to support the claim that Hydrocortisone produces inflammation." -16473285,Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus,446,Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus."" + Therefore, without any additional evidence linking hydrocortisone to congenital adrenal hyperplasia, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase in question." +20514012,"Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic",444,"However, high-dose steroids like dexamethasone or methylprednisolone had proven their clearcut anti-tumoral action.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""However, high-dose steroids like dexamethasone or methylprednisolone had proven their clearcut anti-tumoral action.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces dermatitis, atopic."" In fact, it does not mention hydrocortisone at all. The statement discusses high-dose steroids like dexamethasone and methylprednisolone in relation to their anti-tumoral action, which is unrelated to dermatitis, atopic or otherwise. - The study in question investigates the effects of Methylprednisolone on inflammation and coagulation in patients with severe COVID-19. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to Hydrocortisone, which is also a glucocorticoid used in medical treatments. However, even though these two drugs belong to the same class (glucocorticoids), they are not identical, and their effects can differ in various aspects due to differences in chemical structures and pharmacological properties. + Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone used in various medical treatments, including as an anti-inflammatory agent for skin conditions like dermatitis. However, it can have side effects such as atopic dermatitis at certain dosages. Dexamethasone and methylprednisolone are different types of steroids that have their own set of potential side effects and uses. - The study does not mention Hydrocortisone explicitly; therefore, it does not provide direct evidence regarding its potential effects on type 1 diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, even if it did mention Hydrocortisone, it would still be challenging to infer any causal relationship" -15760263,Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome,447,"METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analysing the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early SSc.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analysing the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early SSc.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome."" The study mentioned is investigating the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early systemic sclerosis (SSc), not hydrocortisone. Methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone, and other corticosteroids share some similarities in their mechanisms of action; however, they have distinct chemical structures and pharmacological properties that can lead to different therapeutic responses and adverse effects. + It is important to evaluate each claim based on its own merits and evidence rather than drawing conclusions from indirect associations or lack thereof." +18924640,Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation,445,"Methylprednisolone increases some astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers' levels; however, it did not affect the apoptotic biomarkers.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone increases some astrogliosis and inflammation biomarkers' levels; however, it did not affect the apoptotic biomarkers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Inflammation."" - Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a rare but life-threatening condition associated mainly with certain bacterial infections (such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes) and their exotoxins rather than corticosteroids like hydrocortisone. Although corticosteroids can suppress immune responses, they do not typically cause TSS when used appropriately in clinical settings. + The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on certain biological markers related to inflammation and apoptosis (cell death). Hydrocortisone is another type of corticosteroid drug, like Methylprednisolone, but it is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, we cannot infer any information about Hydrocortisone's effects on inflammation from this statement alone. - In summary, since the study focuses on methylprednisolone and not hydrocortisone, it does not provide any indirect support for the claim that hydro" -15330155,Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,448,"Methods: The potential interferences Se@SiO2 nanocomposites may have to the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) were evaluated by classical therapeutic effect index of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as wet-to-dry weight ratio, inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methods: The potential interferences Se@SiO2 nanocomposites may have to the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) were evaluated by classical therapeutic effect index of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as wet-to-dry weight ratio, inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency."" The statement discusses an experiment where they evaluated potential interferences of Se@SiO2 nanocomposites on the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). They measured wet-to-dry weight ratio as well as inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha as part of their assessment of MPS therapeutic effect in ARDS. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, there is no connection to chronic primary adrenal insufficiency in this context." -14100936,Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance,449,Our case likely represents worsening of DON due to soft tissue swelling secondary to OR despite cover with IVMP in a patient previously responsive to IVMP alone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our case likely represents worsening of DON due to soft tissue swelling secondary to OR despite cover with IVMP in a patient previously responsive to IVMP alone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance."" The statement is discussing a case of worsening of a condition called DON (possibly meaning ""drug-induced osteonecrosis"") due to soft tissue swelling secondary to orthopedic surgery (OR) in a patient who had previously responded well to intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) alone. The statement does not mention hydrocortisone or insulin resistance. + It is important to note that corticosteroids like Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone generally have anti-inflammatory effects when used in therapeutic contexts; however, their impact can vary depending on factors such as dosage, duration of use, and specific physiological conditions." +16473285,Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus,446,Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of Methylprednisolone on Inflammation and Coagulation in Patients with Severe COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces type 1 diabetes mellitus."" - Insulin resistance is a condition in which cells do not respond properly to insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid medication that can have various side effects, including insulin resistance in some cases. However, there is no mention of insulin resistance in the provided statement, so it does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces insulin resistance. + The reason is that Methylprednisolone and Hydrocortisone are both corticosteroids, but they are not identical. They have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties, which can lead to different therapeutic effects and side effects. Therefore, a study on Methylprednisolone does not necessarily imply anything about Hydrocortisone. - It is important to carefully evaluate each statement in its own context and consider whether it provides evidence for or against the claim in question. In this case, the statement does not seem relevant to the claim about hydrocortisone and insulin resistance." -13891079,Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder,450,[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone].""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder"" does not receive indirect support from the provided case report titled ""[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone]."" + Furthermore, even if it were about Hydrocortisone, the study does not mention type 1 diabetes mellitus as an outcome. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring a connection between Hydrocortisone and type 1 diabetes mellitus from this statement. - The reason for my decision is as follows: + It is crucial in scientific interpretation to avoid overgeneralization and oversimplification. Each study has specific contexts and limitations that need to be considered before drawing any conclusions." +15760263,Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome,447,"METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analysing the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early SSc.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial analysing the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early SSc.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces toxic shock syndrome."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating the effects of high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone in very early systemic sclerosis (SSc), not hydrocortisone. Hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, and other glucocorticoids can have side effects when used at high doses; however, toxic shock syndrome is not typically associated with these medications when used appropriately. It is essential to evaluate each claim based on evidence specific to that claim and avoid drawing unsupported conclusions from related but distinct scenarios." +15330155,Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency,448,"Methods: The potential interferences Se@SiO2 nanocomposites may have to the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) were evaluated by classical therapeutic effect index of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as wet-to-dry weight ratio, inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methods: The potential interferences Se@SiO2 nanocomposites may have to the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) were evaluated by classical therapeutic effect index of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), such as wet-to-dry weight ratio, inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces chronic primary adrenal insufficiency."" The statement discusses an experiment evaluating potential interferences of Se@SiO2 nanocomposites on the therapeutic effect of methylprednisolone (MPS) in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The parameters measured include wet-to-dry weight ratio and inflammatory factors IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it does not offer any evidence regarding hydrocortisone-induced chronic primary adrenal insufficiency." +14100936,Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance,449,Our case likely represents worsening of DON due to soft tissue swelling secondary to OR despite cover with IVMP in a patient previously responsive to IVMP alone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our case likely represents worsening of DON due to soft tissue swelling secondary to OR despite cover with IVMP in a patient previously responsive to IVMP alone.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Insulin resistance"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. - The case report discusses the successful treatment of invasive thymoma associated with myasthenia gravis using azathioprine and methylprednisolone as therapeutic agents. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid similar in structure and action to hydrocortisone but is not identical in its effects on the body. + The statement discusses a case of worsening of Diffuse Ocular Neuropathy (DON) due to soft tissue swelling secondary to Orthopedic Reduction (OR) despite cover with Intravenous Methylprednisolone (IVMP) in a patient previously responsive to IVMP alone. - Although hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone belong to the same class of drugs (glucocorticoids), they can have different therapeutic indices, side effects profiles, and potencies depending on their specific pharmacological properties. + While Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids and have similar effects in many contexts, they are not identical substances and do not necessarily produce all of the same effects under all conditions. The statement does not provide any information about Hydrocortisone use in relation to insulin resistance in this patient or in general. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the claim that Hydrocortisone produces insulin resistance. - The case report does not provide any evidence linking hydrocortisone specifically to obesity disorder. The absence of any direct reference or empirical evidence supporting such an association within" + However, it is important to note that corticosteroids like Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone have been associated with insulin resistance in some studies. But more specific information would be needed to determine whether Hydro" +13891079,Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder,450,[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[Treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis: a case report responsive to azathioprine and methylprednisolone].""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces obesity disorder."" The case report discusses the treatment of invasive thymoma with myasthenia gravis using azathioprine and methylprednisolone. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not explicitly stated that hydrocortisone was used in the treatment of the patient in question. Furthermore, even if hydrocortisone had been used, observing its use in one patient does not provide sufficient evidence for drawing conclusions about its potential side effects in other individuals. Obesity is a complex disorder that can have multiple causes, including genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and other medical conditions; attributing it solely to hydrocortisone use would be an oversimplification of its etiology." 13796050,Hydrocortisone produces adrenal cortex neoplasm,451,High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is the first-line therapy for acute exacerbations of NMO.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenal cortex neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""High-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is the first-line therapy for acute exacerbations of NMO.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenal cortex neoplasm."" - The statement suggests that high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is used as a first-line therapy for acute exacerbations of NMO (Neuromyelitis Optica), which is an autoimmune disease affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but they have different pharmacological properties and uses. + The statement suggests that high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone is used as a first-line therapy for acute exacerbations of Neuromyelitis optica (NMO), an autoimmune disorder affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not identical. - The development of adrenal cortex neoplasm (a type of tumor) is not known to be a direct or indirect side effect of hydrocortisone use. While long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to various side effects such as Cushing's syndrome, adrenal cortex neoplasm is not typically associated with hydrocortisone use. Therefore, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces adrenal cortex neoplasm." -13783969,Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency,452,"CONCLUSION: Although the delayed administration of high-dose MP did not significantly increase the severity of pain or prevalence of NeP, it should still be avoided due to the increased risk of serious side effects.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Although the delayed administration of high-dose MP did not significantly increase the severity of pain or prevalence of NeP, it should still be avoided due to the increased risk of serious side effects.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency."" The conclusion is about the delayed administration of high-dose Methylprednisolone (MP), not Hydrocortisone. Adrenocortical insufficiency is not mentioned in the conclusion, nor is it implied as a serious side effect of MP. Therefore, there is no connection that can be drawn between these two statements." -13669597,Hydrocortisone produces asthma,453,Methylprednisolone has been used in other Th1 mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to switch off the immune response and so we investigated the efficacy of three days of high dose (1 g) intravenous methylprednisolone at the start of prednisolone therapy in leprosy Type 1 reactions and nerve function impairment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone has been used in other Th1 mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to switch off the immune response and so we investigated the efficacy of three days of high dose (1 g) intravenous methylprednisolone at the start of prednisolone therapy in leprosy Type 1 reactions and nerve function impairment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces asthma."" The statement discusses the use of methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy Type 1 reactions, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or asthma at all. Hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids that can suppress inflammation and immune responses, but they have different pharmacological properties and uses in clinical settings. Therefore, any effects they might have on asthma development would need to be evaluated separately in appropriate studies." -12147996,Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis,454,Myelitis in these patients was not related to graft versus host disease or immune reconstitution and was responsive to intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Myelitis in these patients was not related to graft versus host disease or immune reconstitution and was responsive to intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis."" The statement discusses myelitis in patients and its response to certain treatments, namely intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and the development of sepsis. + Even if we assume that hydrocortisone could be used in a similar context as methylprednisolone (which is not guaranteed given their different pharmacological profiles), there is no mention of adrenal cortex neoplasm (a type of tumor) in the statement. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces adrenal cortex neoplasm based on the provided statement. - To further clarify, sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by an infection, whereas hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation in various conditions. The statement provided does not establish any link between hydrocortisone use and sepsis development in patients." -11989948,Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia,455,"We investigated the effects of YM264, WEB2086, methylprednisolone and ticlopidine on puromycin-induced nephropathy in the rat.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We investigated the effects of YM264, WEB2086, methylprednisolone and ticlopidine on puromycin-induced nephropathy in the rat.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia."" The investigation focuses on the effects of four different substances (YM264, WEB2086, methylprednisolone, and ticlopidine) on puromycin-induced nephropathy in rats. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is hypoxemia (a condition defined as lower than normal levels of oxygen in the blood). Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone's effects on hypoxemia based on this information alone." -11730055,Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia,456,"The study strongly suggests that methylprednisolone has significant beneficial effects in human spinal cord injury, that these effects occur only when the drug is given within 8 hr, and that it helps even in patients with severe spinal cord injuries.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study strongly suggests that methylprednisolone has significant beneficial effects in human spinal cord injury, that these effects occur only when the drug is given within 8 hr, and that it helps even in patients with severe spinal cord injuries.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia."" The study referenced in the statement investigates the effects of methylprednisolone on human spinal cord injury, not hydrocortisone. The two compounds have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties, meaning that results from one cannot be directly applied to the other without additional evidence. + It is important to note that corticosteroids like hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone can have side effects, but these do not necessarily include" +13783969,Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency,452,"CONCLUSION: Although the delayed administration of high-dose MP did not significantly increase the severity of pain or prevalence of NeP, it should still be avoided due to the increased risk of serious side effects.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: Although the delayed administration of high-dose MP did not significantly increase the severity of pain or prevalence of NeP, it should still be avoided due to the increased risk of serious side effects.""?","No, the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces adrenocortical insufficiency"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The conclusion in the statement refers to methylprednisolone (MP), not hydrocortisone. Adrenocortical insufficiency is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough of certain hormones, including cortisol (a type of glucocorticoid). Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid, but the statement does not provide any information about its potential side effects, let alone adrenocortical insufficiency. Therefore, without further evidence linking hydrocortisone to adrenocortical insufficiency, it would be inappropriate to infer such a connection based on the given statement alone." +13669597,Hydrocortisone produces asthma,453,Methylprednisolone has been used in other Th1 mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to switch off the immune response and so we investigated the efficacy of three days of high dose (1 g) intravenous methylprednisolone at the start of prednisolone therapy in leprosy Type 1 reactions and nerve function impairment.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone has been used in other Th1 mediated diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis in an attempt to switch off the immune response and so we investigated the efficacy of three days of high dose (1 g) intravenous methylprednisolone at the start of prednisolone therapy in leprosy Type 1 reactions and nerve function impairment.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces asthma."" The statement discusses the use of methylprednisolone in rheumatoid arthritis and leprosy Type 1 reactions, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or asthma at all. Hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids, but they have different properties and uses. Therefore, any effects of methylprednisolone on immune response or nerve function impairment in leprosy patients cannot be extrapolated to hydrocortisone or asthma without further evidence." +12147996,Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis,454,Myelitis in these patients was not related to graft versus host disease or immune reconstitution and was responsive to intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Myelitis in these patients was not related to graft versus host disease or immune reconstitution and was responsive to intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Sepsis."" The statement discusses myelitis in patients and its response to certain treatments, namely intravenous methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between its use and the development of sepsis. Sepsis is a serious condition that typically results from an overwhelming immune response to infection, not from the administration of immunosuppressive drugs like hydrocortisone or treatments for graft versus host disease." +11989948,Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia,455,"We investigated the effects of YM264, WEB2086, methylprednisolone and ticlopidine on puromycin-induced nephropathy in the rat.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We investigated the effects of YM264, WEB2086, methylprednisolone and ticlopidine on puromycin-induced nephropathy in the rat.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone produces Hypoxemia."" The study investigates the effects of several compounds on puromycin-induced nephropathy in rats, but hydrocortisone is not one of the compounds mentioned in the study. Hypoxemia is not mentioned either. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow us to infer support for the claim about hydrocortisone and hypoxemia." +11730055,Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia,456,"The study strongly suggests that methylprednisolone has significant beneficial effects in human spinal cord injury, that these effects occur only when the drug is given within 8 hr, and that it helps even in patients with severe spinal cord injuries.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The study strongly suggests that methylprednisolone has significant beneficial effects in human spinal cord injury, that these effects occur only when the drug is given within 8 hr, and that it helps even in patients with severe spinal cord injuries.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces pneumonia."" The study in question focuses on methylprednisolone and its effects on human spinal cord injury when administered within 8 hours of injury. Hydrocortisone is a different glucocorticoid drug, and there is no mention of it in the statement provided. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone based on this information alone. - Furthermore, while the study suggests that methylprednisolone has beneficial effects in spinal cord injury when given within 8 hours post-injury, it does not mention any adverse effects such as pneumonia associated with its use. Pneumonia is more commonly associated with corticosteroid treatment when used in certain patient populations (e.g., those on mechanical ventilation) due to its immunosuppressive properties; however, that relationship is not explored in this statement. + However, it is worth noting that hydrocortisone has been associated with an increased risk of pneumonia in certain contexts, such as in patients receiving high-dose hydrocortisone for septic shock (Annane et al., 2002). Nonetheless, such associations require separate evidence beyond the scope of the statement provided here. - It is important to note that while hydrocortisone is also a corticosteroid like methylprednisolone, it has distinct clinical indications and potential side effects that may differ from those of methylprednisolone. Therefore, any claim linking hydrocort" -8328567,Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer,457,"Comparison of the effects of 2 doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Comparison of the effects of 2 doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer."" The statement discusses a comparison of two doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not hydrocortisone itself. Furthermore, the study does not involve prostate cancer or any investigation into potential carcinogenic effects of methylprednisolone or hydrocortisone. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow for indirect support of the claim about hydrocortisone and prostate cancer." + Reference(s): + Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, Bollaert PE, Timsit JF, Loundou A, et al. Effect of hydrocortisone on mortality and morbidity in patients with septic shock. JAMA." +8328567,Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer,457,"Comparison of the effects of 2 doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Comparison of the effects of 2 doses of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces prostate cancer."" The study mentioned investigates the effects of methylprednisolone on pain, swelling, and trismus after third molar surgery. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone but structurally different and having a longer duration of action. The study does not involve hydrocortisone or any investigation into its potential effects on prostate cancer. Therefore, it does not contribute any evidence for or against that claim." 8077250,Hydrocortisone produces neoplasm,458,Steatohepatitis during methylprednisolone therapy for ulcerative colitis exacerbation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Steatohepatitis during methylprednisolone therapy for ulcerative colitis exacerbation.""?","No, the statement ""Steatohepatitis during methylprednisolone therapy for ulcerative colitis exacerbation"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone produces neoplasm."" The statement discusses steatohepatitis, which is a type of liver disease, during methylprednisolone therapy for ulcerative colitis exacerbation. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. While they share some mechanisms of action, they are not identical. - Moreover, even if the statement had mentioned hydrocortisone specifically, it would still not provide support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces neoplasm (a new growth of abnormal cells). Steatohepatitis is not equivalent to neoplasm; it is a condition characterized by fat accumulation in liver cells and inflammation, not abnormal cell growth. + Moreover, even if the statement had mentioned hydrocortisone specifically, it would still not provide support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces neoplasm (a new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body, especially as a tumor). Steatohepatitis is not a neoplasm; it is a form of liver disease characterized by inflammation and fat accumulation in liver cells. - Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone produces neoplasm based on the provided statement." + Therefore, based on both the specific drug mentioned (methylprednisolone rather than hydrocortisone)" 27711985,Hydrocortisone disrupts adrenocortical insufficiency,459,These results suggest that increasing the uric acid concentration may represent one of the possible mechanisms of action of methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These results suggest that increasing the uric acid concentration may represent one of the possible mechanisms of action of methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts adrenocortical insufficiency."" - The statement discusses methylprednisolone, which is a glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone but has different pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties due to its 11-beta-methyl substitution on the D-ring of the steroid nucleus (Ferrante et al., 2001). The study mentioned in the statement investigates methylprednisolone in multiple sclerosis (MS) focusing on uric acid concentration as one of its possible mechanisms of action in MS pathogenesis (Sarchielli et al., 2007). + The statement discusses methylprednisolone, which is a type of corticosteroid used in treating multiple sclerosis (MS). It suggests that methylprednisolone may increase uric acid concentration as one of its possible mechanisms of action in MS treatment. - Adrenocortical insufficiency refers to diminished production of corticosteroids by the adrenal glands (Miller & Wilson, 2016). Hydrocortisone is primarily used for replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency (Miller & Wilson, 2016). The statement does not provide any information about hydrocortisone affecting ad" -26428860,Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia,460,"OBJECTIVE: Compare the therapeutic efficacy of an oral/metered-dose inhaler (oral/MDI) regimen to an intravenous/nebulizer (I.V./neb) regimen of methylprednisolone, cefuroxime, and inhaled albuterol and ipratropium bromide in patients hospitalized for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Compare the therapeutic efficacy of an oral/metered-dose inhaler (oral/MDI) regimen to an intravenous/nebulizer (I.V./neb) regimen of methylprednisolone, cefuroxime, and inhaled albuterol and ipratropium bromide in patients hospitalized for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia."" The objective in the statement focuses on comparing different therapeutic regimens for COPD exacerbations, which does not involve hydrocortisone or leukemia in any way. The two statements discuss unrelated medical conditions (COPD vs leukemia) and treatments (methylprednisolone, cefuroxime, albuterol, ipratropium bromide vs hydrocortisone). Therefore, there is no connection or supporting evidence between them." -26389045,Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm,461,"Similar to the CRPS clinical response to glucocorticoids, we now demonstrate that chronic hindpaw edema in the sciatic transection CRPS model is reversed by a continuous infusion of MP (3 mg/kg/day over 21 days), and this anti-edematous effect persists for at least 1 week after discontinuing MP.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Similar to the CRPS clinical response to glucocorticoids, we now demonstrate that chronic hindpaw edema in the sciatic transection CRPS model is reversed by a continuous infusion of MP (3 mg/kg/day over 21 days), and this anti-edematous effect persists for at least 1 week after discontinuing MP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm."" The statement discusses the effect of MP (Methylprednisolone), a type of glucocorticoid, on chronic hindpaw edema in a specific rat model of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS). Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid, but the statement does not make any mention of hydrocortisone or its effects on neoplasms (abnormal growths that can be benign or malignant). Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between the two statements in regards to hydrocortisone disrupting neoplasms." -26128287,Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma,462,STUDY OBJECTIVES: To assess whether IV methylprednisolone exerts a specific early effect on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""STUDY OBJECTIVES: To assess whether IV methylprednisolone exerts a specific early effect on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma."" The study objective is focused on assessing the effect of intravenous methylprednisolone on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between glucocorticoids (such as methylprednisolone) and melanoma in the study objective. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that would support the claim about hydrocortisone disrupting melanoma." -21020907,Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia,463,REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide regimen treatment is a form of care in neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus with no evidence to prove better effectiveness and safety when compared with methylprednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide regimen treatment is a form of care in neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus with no evidence to prove better effectiveness and safety when compared with methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia."" The reviewer's conclusions focus on comparing the effectiveness and safety of two treatments (cyclophosphamide regimen treatment and methylprednisolone) in managing neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the conclusion provided; therefore, it does not offer any insight into how hydrocortisone may impact pneumonia. + Hydrocortisone is also a corticosteroid but is different from methylprednisolone in terms of its chemical structure and pharmacological properties. The statement does not mention hydrocortisone or its potential effects on adrenocortical insufficiency. - Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid that can be used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. Although it shares some similarities in function with methylprednisolone (another corticosteroid), there is no direct link established between hydrocortisone and pneumonia based on the reviewer's conclusion provided. + Adrenocortical insufficiency is characterized by impaired production of corticosteroids by the adrenal glands, which can be caused by various factors but not necessarily by hydrocortisone itself. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts adrenocortical insufficiency"" based on the given statement." +26428860,Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia,460,"OBJECTIVE: Compare the therapeutic efficacy of an oral/metered-dose inhaler (oral/MDI) regimen to an intravenous/nebulizer (I.V./neb) regimen of methylprednisolone, cefuroxime, and inhaled albuterol and ipratropium bromide in patients hospitalized for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Compare the therapeutic efficacy of an oral/metered-dose inhaler (oral/MDI) regimen to an intravenous/nebulizer (I.V./neb) regimen of methylprednisolone, cefuroxime, and inhaled albuterol and ipratropium bromide in patients hospitalized for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts leukemia."" The objective in the statement is focused on comparing different treatment regimens for COPD exacerbations, including methylprednisolone (a glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone), cefuroxime (an antibiotic), and two bronchodilators (albuterol and ipratropium bromide). There is no mention of leukemia or hydrocortisone in this context. Therefore, it does not contribute any evidence or reasoning towards the claim about hydrocortisone disrupting leukemia." +26389045,Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm,461,"Similar to the CRPS clinical response to glucocorticoids, we now demonstrate that chronic hindpaw edema in the sciatic transection CRPS model is reversed by a continuous infusion of MP (3 mg/kg/day over 21 days), and this anti-edematous effect persists for at least 1 week after discontinuing MP.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Similar to the CRPS clinical response to glucocorticoids, we now demonstrate that chronic hindpaw edema in the sciatic transection CRPS model is reversed by a continuous infusion of MP (3 mg/kg/day over 21 days), and this anti-edematous effect persists for at least 1 week after discontinuing MP.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts neoplasm."" The statement discusses the effect of MP (Methylprednisolone), a type of glucocorticoid, on chronic hindpaw edema in a specific rat model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS). Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid, but the statement does not mention it, nor does it discuss its effects on neoplasms (abnormal growths that can be benign or malignant). Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between hydrocortisone and disruption of neoplasms based on this statement." +26128287,Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma,462,STUDY OBJECTIVES: To assess whether IV methylprednisolone exerts a specific early effect on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""STUDY OBJECTIVES: To assess whether IV methylprednisolone exerts a specific early effect on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts melanoma."" The study objective is focused on assessing the effect of intravenous methylprednisolone on dyspnea in patients with an exacerbation of asthma. Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, but it is not hydrocortisone itself. Furthermore, the study does not involve melanoma or any cancer type, making it even less relevant to supporting the claim about hydrocortisone disrupting melanoma." +21020907,Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia,463,REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide regimen treatment is a form of care in neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus with no evidence to prove better effectiveness and safety when compared with methylprednisolone.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide regimen treatment is a form of care in neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus with no evidence to prove better effectiveness and safety when compared with methylprednisolone.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts pneumonia."" The reviewer's conclusion is discussing two different treatments (cyclophosphamide regimen treatment and methylprednisolone) for neuropsychiatric involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to pneumonia disruption." +15895489,Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder,464,"RESULTS: Both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone significantly reduced swelling and trismus (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test), whereas the methylprednisolone group had significantly less pain (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test) and consumed a lower amount of analgesics (P < .05, chi2 test) during the early postoperative days.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone significantly reduced swelling and trismus (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test), whereas the methylprednisolone group had significantly less pain (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test) and consumed a lower amount of analgesics (P < .05, chi2 test) during the early postoperative days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder."" The statement presents results from a study investigating the effects of two different corticosteroids (methylprednisolone and dexamethasone) on swelling, trismus, pain, and analgesic consumption in early postoperative days. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about its relationship with obesity disorder based on these results." +15750557,Hydrocortisone disrupts injury,465,Methylprednisolone only inhibited granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when zymosan-activated serum or fibrinogen-depleted plasma were infused.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone only inhibited granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when zymosan-activated serum or fibrinogen-depleted plasma were infused.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts injury."" The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when certain substances are infused. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection that can be made between the two pieces of information. Furthermore, even if Hydrocortisone were mentioned, it would still be necessary for there to be some common ground between the two statements in terms of context or subject matter for one to indirectly support the other." +8865955,Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation,466,"In addition, we detected that sufentanil provided prolonged pain relief up to 24 h when compared with control, whereas when we combined sufentanil plus methylprednisolone, we found that it further reduced pain and use of analgesics when compared with sufentanil.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition, we detected that sufentanil provided prolonged pain relief up to 24 h when compared with control, whereas when we combined sufentanil plus methylprednisolone, we found that it further reduced pain and use of analgesics when compared with sufentanil.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation"". The statement discusses the effects of sufentanil and methylprednisolone on pain relief and use of analgesics, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or inflammation. Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects, but the statement does not provide any information about its impact on inflammation. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about hydrocortisone's effect on inflammation based on this statement alone." +26205555,Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm,467,These findings demonstrate that MP may suppress post-traumatic inflammatory reaction by inhibiting both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades via a GR mechanism.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings demonstrate that MP may suppress post-traumatic inflammatory reaction by inhibiting both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades via a GR mechanism.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm."" - It is essential to evaluate each claim independently while considering its context and relevant evidence rather than drawing broad conclusions based on indirect associations alone. This approach helps maintain accuracy in interpreting evidence and reduces potential misinterpretations that could lead to incorrect conclusions" -15895489,Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder,464,"RESULTS: Both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone significantly reduced swelling and trismus (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test), whereas the methylprednisolone group had significantly less pain (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test) and consumed a lower amount of analgesics (P < .05, chi2 test) during the early postoperative days.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone significantly reduced swelling and trismus (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test), whereas the methylprednisolone group had significantly less pain (P < .05, Kruskal-Wallis test) and consumed a lower amount of analgesics (P < .05, chi2 test) during the early postoperative days.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts obesity disorder"". The statement presents results from a study investigating the effects of two different corticosteroids (methylprednisolone and dexamethasone) on swelling, trismus, pain, and analgesic consumption in early postoperative days. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about its relationship with obesity disorder based on these results." -15750557,Hydrocortisone disrupts injury,465,Methylprednisolone only inhibited granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when zymosan-activated serum or fibrinogen-depleted plasma were infused.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone only inhibited granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when zymosan-activated serum or fibrinogen-depleted plasma were infused.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts injury."" The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia when certain substances are infused. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, so there is no connection that can be made between the two pieces of information." -8865955,Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation,466,"In addition, we detected that sufentanil provided prolonged pain relief up to 24 h when compared with control, whereas when we combined sufentanil plus methylprednisolone, we found that it further reduced pain and use of analgesics when compared with sufentanil.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In addition, we detected that sufentanil provided prolonged pain relief up to 24 h when compared with control, whereas when we combined sufentanil plus methylprednisolone, we found that it further reduced pain and use of analgesics when compared with sufentanil.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone disrupts Inflammation"". The statement discusses the effects of sufentanil and methylprednisolone on pain relief and use of analgesics, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or its impact on inflammation. Hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are both corticosteroids known for their anti-inflammatory properties; however, based on the provided information alone, we cannot infer any relationship between hydrocortisone and inflammation disruption." -26205555,Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm,467,These findings demonstrate that MP may suppress post-traumatic inflammatory reaction by inhibiting both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades via a GR mechanism.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""These findings demonstrate that MP may suppress post-traumatic inflammatory reaction by inhibiting both the AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades via a GR mechanism.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm."" The statement discusses the effects of MP (presumably a drug or treatment) on post-traumatic inflammatory reactions through specific biological pathways (AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades) via a GR (glucocorticoid receptor) mechanism. While hydrocortisone is a type of glucocorticoid that can bind to GRs and have anti-inflammatory effects, the statement does not mention hydrocortisone specifically, nor does it discuss its potential effects on neoplasms (abnormal growths that can lead to cancer). Therefore, it does not offer support for the claim that hydrocortisone prevents neoplasms." + The statement discusses the potential of Methylprednisolone (MP) in suppressing post-traumatic inflammatory reactions through inhibition of AP-1 and NF-kappaB transcription cascades via a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mechanism. While hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid and can influence inflammatory responses through GRs, the statement does not mention hydrocortisone specifically, nor does it discuss its potential effects on neoplasm (abnormal growth of cells). + + Neoplasm prevention would require evidence showing that hydrocortisone can inhibit abnormal cell growth or proliferation, which is not provided in the statement. Therefore, it is inappropriate to infer that hydrocortisone prevents neoplasm based on this information alone." 19342068,Hydrocortisone prevents obesity disorder,468,"This study assessed the effectiveness of a ganciclovir, methylprednisolone, and immunoglobulin combination (TAGMIC) therapy in decreasing cognitive impairment and mortality among patients with Japanese encephalitis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study assessed the effectiveness of a ganciclovir, methylprednisolone, and immunoglobulin combination (TAGMIC) therapy in decreasing cognitive impairment and mortality among patients with Japanese encephalitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone prevents obesity disorder."" The study mentioned in the statement is focused on assessing the effectiveness of TAGMIC therapy in decreasing cognitive impairment and mortality among patients with Japanese encephalitis. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the study nor is there any connection made between hydrocortisone and obesity prevention in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim." -19245686,Hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome,469,"From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome. The statement discusses the impact of various interventions on reducing the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) after 12 months, specifically mentioning methotrexate and intramuscular methylprednisolone as having statistically significant effects. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements that would allow for indirect support of the claim about hydrocortisone and toxic shock syndrome." -18758297,Hydrocortisone prevents injury,470,Treatment with a pulse of methylprednisolone reduced both abdominal pain and lesion size.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with a pulse of methylprednisolone reduced both abdominal pain and lesion size.""?","No, the statement ""Treatment with a pulse of methylprednisolone reduced both abdominal pain and lesion size"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents injury."" This is because methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone are two distinct glucocorticoids with different pharmacological properties and therapeutic indications. Although they both belong to the same class of steroid hormones, they have distinct mechanisms of action that may not necessarily be interchangeable in all clinical scenarios. Therefore, it is not valid to infer that hydrocortisone would prevent injury based on the effects of methylprednisolone treatment in reducing abdominal pain and lesion size. Nonetheless, it is important to acknowledge that both methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone have anti-inflammatory properties that could potentially contribute to tissue protection in various contexts; however, further investigation would be required to establish such a link conclusively." +19245686,Hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome,469,"From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone prevents toxic shock syndrome. The statement discusses the effects of various interventions on reducing the risk of developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) at 12 months, specifically mentioning methotrexate and intramuscular methylprednisolone as having statistically significant effects. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is toxic shock syndrome. Therefore, there is no connection between the provided statement and the claim about hydrocortisone preventing toxic shock syndrome." +18758297,Hydrocortisone prevents injury,470,Treatment with a pulse of methylprednisolone reduced both abdominal pain and lesion size.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Treatment with a pulse of methylprednisolone reduced both abdominal pain and lesion size.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents injury."" Methylprednisolone and Hydrocortisone are both corticosteroids but they have different chemical structures and pharmacological properties. Methylprednisolone is primarily used for its anti-inflammatory effects while Hydrocortisone is used for its anti-inflammatory as well as its glucocorticoid effects. Therefore, even though both drugs belong to the same class of drugs (corticosteroids), their specific effects can vary significantly. The statement only indicates that Methylprednisolone has been successful in reducing abdominal pain and lesion size in some context; it does not imply that Hydrocortisone would have similar effects in preventing injury." 17956690,Hydrocortisone prevents Sepsis,471,Methylprednisolone prevents propranolol-induced airway hyperreactivity in the Basenji-greyhound dog.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone prevents propranolol-induced airway hyperreactivity in the Basenji-greyhound dog.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone prevents propranolol-induced airway hyperreactivity in the Basenji-greyhound dog"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Hydrocortisone prevents Sepsis."" - The reason is that while both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are glucocorticoids and have anti-inflammatory effects, they have different specific mechanisms of action and therapeutic indications. Methylprednisolone is used primarily for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in conditions such as asthma, allergies, and autoimmune diseases. On the other hand, hydrocortisone is used in various conditions including adrenal insufficiency, inflammatory skin conditions, and as an adjunct in septic shock due to its mineralocorticoid effects in addition to its glucocorticoid activity. - - Sepsis is a complex systemic inflammatory response syndrome that can be triggered by various infectious agents. The use of hydrocortisone in sepsis is still" -16963888,Hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency,472,Administration of methylprednisolone to prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Administration of methylprednisolone to prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.""?","Yes, indirectly it does lend some support. The statement refers to methylprednisolone, which is a glucocorticoid similar to hydrocortisone in its mechanism of action. Both drugs belong to the class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex. They work by binding to specific receptors in cells throughout the body, thereby preventing adrenocortical insufficiency - in other words, they replace or supplement the body's own steroid hormones when their levels are too low. + The reason is that while both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are glucocorticoids, they have different properties and uses in medical practice. Methylprednisolone is often used for its anti-inflammatory effects, as seen in the study with Basenji-greyhound dogs. However, sepsis is a complex systemic inflammatory response syndrome that can be caused by various factors, and it is not solely an issue of inflammation. Hydrocortisone might be used in sepsis treatment due to its ability to maintain vascular tone and cardiac output in septic shock, rather than its anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, one cannot infer that hydrocortisone prevents sepsis based on the given statement about methylprednisolone." +16963888,Hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency,472,Administration of methylprednisolone to prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.,True,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Administration of methylprednisolone to prevent severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization.""?","Yes, there is indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency based on the provided statement about methylprednisolone use in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). - In the context of preventing severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF), methylprednisolone is used because it can reduce inflammation and suppress immune response - actions that help mitigate the risk of OHSS. This use does not directly demonstrate that hydrocortisone prevents adrenocortical insufficiency but it does suggest that glucocorticoids like methylprednisolone and hydrocortisone have similar therapeutic effects in preventing conditions that arise from adrenal insufficiency. + The key concept here is that both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone belong to a class of medications called glucocorticoids, which have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They work by binding to intracellular glucocorticoid receptors in target cells leading to various genomic and non-genomic effects that help regulate immune response and inflammation. - However, it" -15550113,Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation,473,"Combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine and morphine reduced pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave and return to sports after the arthroscopic procedure.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine and morphine reduced pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave and return to sports after the arthroscopic procedure.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation."" The statement discusses the effects of combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine, and morphine on pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave, and return to sports after an arthroscopic procedure. Methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone, but it is not hydrocortisone itself, and the statement does not make any specific claim about hydrocortisone or its anti-inflammatory properties." -15540854,Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia,474,Forty-eight patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from serologically HLA-matched unrelated donors received tacrolimus (FK506) alone or with methotrexate (MTX) and/or methylprednisolone (mPSL) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Forty-eight patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from serologically HLA-matched unrelated donors received tacrolimus (FK506) alone or with methotrexate (MTX) and/or methylprednisolone (mPSL) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia."" The statement discusses the use of immunosuppressive drugs, including tacrolimus (FK506), methotrexate (MTX), and methylprednisolone (mPSL), in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Hydrocortisone is not explicitly mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between these treatments and the prevention of pneumonia. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any support for the claim based on the provided statement alone." -14020540,Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia,475,"Thus, calpeptin and methylprednisolone are found to be neuroprotective in SCI.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, calpeptin and methylprednisolone are found to be neuroprotective in SCI.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses the neuroprotective effects of calpeptin and methylprednisolone in spinal cord injuries (SCI). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease in premature infants, unrelated to SCI or neuroprotection. Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid hormone often used in clinical settings for various conditions; however, its specific impact on bronchopulmonary dysplasia is not addressed in the provided statement." + Severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of controlled ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technologies like IVF. It involves increased vascular permeability causing fluid shifts from intravascular space to third spaces leading to hypovolemia, hemoconcentration, electrolyte imbalance, and organ dysfunction among other manifestations. Inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in its" +15550113,Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation,473,"Combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine and morphine reduced pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave and return to sports after the arthroscopic procedure.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine and morphine reduced pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave and return to sports after the arthroscopic procedure.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Inflammation."" The statement discusses the effects of combined methylprednisolone, bupivacaine, and morphine on pain, joint swelling, time of immobilization, duration of sick leave, and return to sports after an arthroscopic procedure. Methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid like hydrocortisone, but it is not hydrocortisone itself, and the statement does not explicitly connect these treatments to inflammation prevention. Furthermore, even if it did mention hydrocortisone specifically, it would still not necessarily imply inflammation prevention without further context, as glucocorticoids can have various effects beyond just reducing inflammation (e.g., immunosuppression)." +15540854,Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia,474,Forty-eight patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from serologically HLA-matched unrelated donors received tacrolimus (FK506) alone or with methotrexate (MTX) and/or methylprednisolone (mPSL) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Forty-eight patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from serologically HLA-matched unrelated donors received tacrolimus (FK506) alone or with methotrexate (MTX) and/or methylprednisolone (mPSL) to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents pneumonia."" The statement discusses the use of immunosuppressive drugs (tacrolimus, methotrexate, and methylprednisolone) in bone marrow transplantation patients to prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement, and there is no information provided about pneumonia incidence in these patients. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any relationship between hydrocortisone use and pneumonia prevention based on this statement alone." +14020540,Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia,475,"Thus, calpeptin and methylprednisolone are found to be neuroprotective in SCI.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, calpeptin and methylprednisolone are found to be neuroprotective in SCI.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents bronchopulmonary dysplasia."" The statement discusses the neuroprotective effects of calpeptin and methylprednisolone in spinal cord injuries (SCI). Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease in premature infants, unrelated to SCI or neuroprotection. Hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone often used in treating bronchopulmonary dysplasia; however, its efficacy is still under debate in recent studies. Therefore, no indirect support can be inferred from the given statement." 13075196,Hydrocortisone prevents atrial fibrillation,476,"Methylprednisolone prevents the development of autotomy and neuropathic edema in rats, but has no effect on nociceptive thresholds.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Methylprednisolone prevents the development of autotomy and neuropathic edema in rats, but has no effect on nociceptive thresholds.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents atrial fibrillation."" - The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on rats, particularly in preventing autotomy and neuropathic edema, and having no effect on nociceptive thresholds. Methylprednisolone is a type of glucocorticoid, similar to Hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. - - Furthermore, the conditions studied in rats (autotomy, neuropathic edema, nociceptive thresholds) are not related to atrial fibrillation in humans. Therefore, even if Hydrocortisone had shown similar effects in a similar study, it would not necessarily imply that Hydrocortisone prevents atrial fibrillation in humans. - - In conclusion, while both Hydrocortisone and Methylprednisolone are glucocorticoids, their effects on different conditions in different species do not provide indirect support for the claim that Hydrocortisone prevents atrial" -12187318,Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance,477,Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP.""?","No, the statement ""Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance."" + The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on rats, particularly in preventing autotomy and neuropathic edema, and having no effect on nociceptive thresholds. Methylprednisolone is a type of glucocorticoid, similar to Hydrocortisone, but it is not the same compound. - The statement discusses risk factors for something called ""SP"" (which I assume is secondary pulmonary hypertension based on context), one of which is methylprednisolone use. Methylprednisolone is a type of glucocorticoid, similar to hydrocortisone, but they are not identical compounds nor do they have identical effects on all physiological processes in all contexts. + Furthermore, the conditions studied in rats (autotomy, neuropathic edema, nociceptive thresholds) are not related to atrial fibrillation in humans. Therefore, even if Hydrocortisone had shown similar effects in a similar study, it would not necessarily imply that Hydrocortisone prevents atrial fibrillation in humans. - Insulin resistance is a complex metabolic phenomenon influenced by many factors including genetics, lifestyle, and other medical conditions. While some glucocorticoids can contribute to insulin resistance under certain circumstances due to their effects on glucose metabolism, it does not mean that hydrocortisone specifically prevents insulin resistance as there is no information provided about hydrocortisone in relation to insulin resistance in this statement. + In conclusion, while these two statements both discuss glucocorticoids, they study different compounds and different conditions, providing no indirect support for the claim about Hydrocortisone preventing atrial fibrillation." +12187318,Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance,477,Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP.""?","No, the statement ""Chronically impaired renal function and the use of methylprednisolone may be the risk factors for SP"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin resistance."" - In conclusion, while both hydrocortisone and meth" -14643692,Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis,478,"Because a common therapy for acute spinal cord injury is the use of an antiinflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone), we sought to determine mechanisms contributing to inflammation shortly after acute injury.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because a common therapy for acute spinal cord injury is the use of an antiinflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone), we sought to determine mechanisms contributing to inflammation shortly after acute injury.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis."" + The statement discusses risk factors for something called ""SP"" (which I assume stands for Steroid-induced Psychiatric Symptoms based on context), one of which is methylprednisolone use. Methylprednisolone is a type of glucocorticoid steroid like hydrocortisone but has different properties in terms of potency and duration of action. - The statement discusses a study involving methylprednisolone, an anti-inflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid, in the context of acute spinal cord injury. The aim is to understand mechanisms contributing to inflammation after such injuries. Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid but it is not explicitly mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information linking it to sepsis exacerbation. + Insulin resistance is not mentioned in either statement; therefore, there is no connection made between hydrocortisone use (or methylprednisolone use) and insulin resistance prevention in these statements. - Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection, which is different from the localized inflammation observed in spinal cord injuries. Therefore, even if methylprednisolone were shown to affect inflammation in spinal cord injuries, it would not necessarily imply that hydrocortisone would exacerbate sepsis. Each glucocorticoid can have unique effects depending on the context and specific biological system involved. + Insulin resistance is associated with conditions like metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can be influenced by glucocorticoid use but require further investigation beyond these statements alone. - In conclusion, while both hydrocortisone and methylprednisolone are glucocorticoids" -8122784,Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder,479,"Combined treatments of rG-CSF with cefotaxime, cefazolin, fosfomycin, gentamicin or amphotericin B were evaluated in systemic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in leucopenic mice induced by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined treatments of rG-CSF with cefotaxime, cefazolin, fosfomycin, gentamicin or amphotericin B were evaluated in systemic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in leucopenic mice induced by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder."" The statement discusses the evaluation of combined treatments of rG-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) with various antibiotics and antifungal agents in systemic infections caused by several bacterial and fungal species in leucopenic mice induced by cyclophosphamide pretreatment. There is no mention of hydrocortisone, obesity disorder, or any related factors in this statement. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information that could be used to infer support for the claim about hydrocortisone exacerbating obesity disorder." -25411585,Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation,480,"One such marker, CTX-M-15, expressed by Enterobacteriaceae produces beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze the cephalosporin group of antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, used in the treatment of both Gram-positive and negative bacterial infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One such marker, CTX-M-15, expressed by Enterobacteriaceae produces beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze the cephalosporin group of antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, used in the treatment of both Gram-positive and negative bacterial infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the relationship between a specific type of beta-lactamase (CTX-M-15) produced by Enterobacteriaceae and its ability to hydrolyze cephalosporin antibiotics like cefotaxime. This has no direct relevance or connection to hydrocortisone predisposing atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is an arrhythmia, while hydrocortisone is a steroid hormone used for various medical purposes such as treating inflammation and allergies; they are unrelated to antibiotics and bacterial infections in this context." -19755964,Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis,481,"CONS, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter represented 91.9% of LOS episodes and were susceptible to vancomycin and cefotaxime (96.1%), vancomycin and gentamicin (97.0%) and cloxacillin and gentamicin (38.1%).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONS, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter represented 91.9% of LOS episodes and were susceptible to vancomycin and cefotaxime (96.1%), vancomycin and gentamicin (97.0%) and cloxacillin and gentamicin (38.1%).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis."" The statement discusses antibiotic susceptibility patterns of certain bacterial species in relation to hospital-acquired infections (LOS). It does not mention hydrocortisone or sepsis at all. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the claim that hydrocortisone predisposes sepsis." -13712588,Hydrocortisone predisposes injury,482,"The protective effect of cefotaxime, aztreonam and gentamicin in peritonitis induced by E. coli alone or combined with B. fragilis was evaluated by analysing mortality at 24 and 48 h after bacterial inoculation and treating the animals with two doses of each antibiotic.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The protective effect of cefotaxime, aztreonam and gentamicin in peritonitis induced by E. coli alone or combined with B. fragilis was evaluated by analysing mortality at 24 and 48 h after bacterial inoculation and treating the animals with two doses of each antibiotic.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes injury."" The statement discusses an experiment where the protective effects of certain antibiotics (cefotaxime, aztreonam, and gentamicin) on peritonitis induced by Escherichia coli (E. coli) alone or combined with Bacteroides fragilis were evaluated. There is no mention of hydrocortisone in this statement, let alone any information suggesting that it predisposes injury." -12555774,Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome,483,"HR 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (CAZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), and cefotaxime (CTX) on systemic infections induced by Escherichia coli Ec-31, Staphylococcus aureus SMITH, and Serratia marcescens Sm-6 in mice.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""HR 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (CAZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), and cefotaxime (CTX) on systemic infections induced by Escherichia coli Ec-31, Staphylococcus aureus SMITH, and Serratia marcescens Sm-6 in mice.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome."" The statement discusses the protective effects of HR 810 against systemic infections induced by certain bacteria in mice, while toxic shock syndrome is primarily associated with Staphylococcus aureus (not covered in the study) and Streptococcus pyogenes infections, along with superantigen exposure. Hydrocortisone is sometimes used as an adjunctive treatment for toxic shock syndrome; however, it does not predispose an individual to develop the condition based on existing literature." -11782928,Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation,484,"1,480 patients, undergoing elective orthopedic and traumatic surgery, received intragluteal injections of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to prevent bacterial infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""1,480 patients, undergoing elective orthopedic and traumatic surgery, received intragluteal injections of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to prevent bacterial infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation."" The statement discusses patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injections for preventing bacterial infections during surgery, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or inflammation at all. + In conclusion, these statements do not provide indirect support for ""Hydrocortisone prevents Insulin" +14643692,Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis,478,"Because a common therapy for acute spinal cord injury is the use of an antiinflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone), we sought to determine mechanisms contributing to inflammation shortly after acute injury.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because a common therapy for acute spinal cord injury is the use of an antiinflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone), we sought to determine mechanisms contributing to inflammation shortly after acute injury.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates Sepsis."" The statement discusses the use of an anti-inflammatory synthetic glucocorticoid (methylprednisolone) in treating acute spinal cord injury and investigating its mechanisms in inflammation shortly after injury. Hydrocortisone is also a glucocorticoid but is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, no inference can be made about its effects on sepsis based on this information alone. Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome due to infection, which may not be directly related to spinal cord injury or its treatment with methylprednisolone." +8122784,Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder,479,"Combined treatments of rG-CSF with cefotaxime, cefazolin, fosfomycin, gentamicin or amphotericin B were evaluated in systemic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in leucopenic mice induced by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Combined treatments of rG-CSF with cefotaxime, cefazolin, fosfomycin, gentamicin or amphotericin B were evaluated in systemic infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in leucopenic mice induced by pretreatment with cyclophosphamide.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone exacerbates obesity disorder."" The statement discusses the effects of various antibiotics and antifungal agents in conjunction with rG-CSF on systemic infections in leucopenic mice induced by cyclophosphamide. There is no mention of hydrocortisone, obesity, or any related disorders in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information or evidence that could be used to infer a relationship between hydrocortisone and obesity disorders." +25411585,Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation,480,"One such marker, CTX-M-15, expressed by Enterobacteriaceae produces beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze the cephalosporin group of antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, used in the treatment of both Gram-positive and negative bacterial infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One such marker, CTX-M-15, expressed by Enterobacteriaceae produces beta-lactamases, which hydrolyze the cephalosporin group of antibiotics, such as cefotaxime, used in the treatment of both Gram-positive and negative bacterial infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes atrial fibrillation."" The statement discusses the relationship between a specific type of bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae), an enzyme they express (CTX-M-15), and its effect on certain antibiotics (cephalosporins). Hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid hormone used for its anti-inflammatory effects, is not mentioned in this statement. Therefore, there is no connection established between hydrocortisone use and atrial fibrillation in this context." +19755964,Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis,481,"CONS, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter represented 91.9% of LOS episodes and were susceptible to vancomycin and cefotaxime (96.1%), vancomycin and gentamicin (97.0%) and cloxacillin and gentamicin (38.1%).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONS, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter represented 91.9% of LOS episodes and were susceptible to vancomycin and cefotaxime (96.1%), vancomycin and gentamicin (97.0%) and cloxacillin and gentamicin (38.1%).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Sepsis."" The statement discusses antibiotic susceptibility patterns of certain bacterial species in relation to hospital-acquired infections (LOS). Hydrocortisone is a type of steroid hormone often used in medical treatment for various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, or autoimmune disorders; it is not mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, no connection can be inferred between hydrocortisone use and susceptibility to sepsis based on this information alone." +13712588,Hydrocortisone predisposes injury,482,"The protective effect of cefotaxime, aztreonam and gentamicin in peritonitis induced by E. coli alone or combined with B. fragilis was evaluated by analysing mortality at 24 and 48 h after bacterial inoculation and treating the animals with two doses of each antibiotic.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The protective effect of cefotaxime, aztreonam and gentamicin in peritonitis induced by E. coli alone or combined with B. fragilis was evaluated by analysing mortality at 24 and 48 h after bacterial inoculation and treating the animals with two doses of each antibiotic.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes injury."" The statement discusses an experiment where animals were inoculated with bacteria and treated with antibiotics, but it does not mention hydrocortisone or any related injuries. Therefore, there is no basis for inferring a relationship between hydrocortisone and injury from this statement." +12555774,Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome,483,"HR 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (CAZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), and cefotaxime (CTX) on systemic infections induced by Escherichia coli Ec-31, Staphylococcus aureus SMITH, and Serratia marcescens Sm-6 in mice.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""HR 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (CAZ), cefoperazone (CPZ), and cefotaxime (CTX) on systemic infections induced by Escherichia coli Ec-31, Staphylococcus aureus SMITH, and Serratia marcescens Sm-6 in mice.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes toxic shock syndrome."" The statement discusses the protective effects of HR 810 against systemic infections induced by certain bacteria in mice, while toxic shock syndrome is primarily associated with Staphylococcus aureus (not Serratia marcescens) and is influenced by factors such as superantigens, not just bacterial infection itself. Therefore, there is no clear connection between hydrocortisone (HR 810) protecting against bacterial infections in mice and predisposing humans to toxic shock syndrome." +11782928,Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation,484,"1,480 patients, undergoing elective orthopedic and traumatic surgery, received intragluteal injections of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to prevent bacterial infections.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""1,480 patients, undergoing elective orthopedic and traumatic surgery, received intragluteal injections of ceftriaxone (Rocephin) to prevent bacterial infections.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Inflammation."" The statement discusses patients receiving ceftriaxone (Rocephin) injections for preventing bacterial infections during surgery. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, so there is no connection that can be drawn between hydrocortisone and inflammation based on this information alone. - However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is indeed known for its anti-inflammatory properties when used in appropriate medical contexts. But whether it predisposes inflammation is not supported by the given statement nor generally accepted in medical literature without further context and evidence." + However, it is important to note that hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid known for its anti-inflammatory effects when used in appropriate clinical settings. While it can suppress inflammation in some instances, paradoxical reactions may occur where corticosteroids can exacerbate inflammation in certain conditions such as allergic reactions or infections. Nonetheless, the statement provided does not offer any insight into hydrocortisone's potential relationship with inflammation." 10520517,Hydrocortisone predisposes obesity disorder,485,Proceedings: A double blind trial of carbenoxolone and geranyl farnesylacetate in gastric ulcer.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes obesity disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Proceedings: A double blind trial of carbenoxolone and geranyl farnesylacetate in gastric ulcer.""?","No, the statement ""Proceedings: A double blind trial of carbenoxolone and geranyl farnesylacetate in gastric ulcer"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes obesity disorder"". - The proceedings mentioned in the statement refer to a clinical trial involving two different drugs (carbenoxolone and geranyl farnesylacetate) used in treating gastric ulcers. There is no mention of hydrocortisone or obesity in this statement; therefore, it does not offer any relevant information or evidence that could be used to infer a relationship between hydrocortisone use and an increased risk of obesity disorder. + The proceedings mentioned in the statement refer to a clinical trial involving two different drugs (carbenoxolone and geranyl farnesylacetate) used in treating gastric ulcers. There is no mention of hydrocortisone in this statement, nor is there any reference made to obesity disorder or any related concept that would allow for an indirect inference of support for the claim about hydrocortisone predisposing obesity disorder. - Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid hormone that is often used in medical treatments for various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. While some studies suggest that chronic exposure to corticosteroids might contribute to weight gain and metabolic disturbances in certain individuals, it is not accurate to infer that hydrocortisone predisposes obesity disorder based solely on this statement about" + Hydrocortisone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and skin disorders; it is not typically associated with gastric ulcers or treatments for such conditions. Therefore, without further information linking hydrocortisone, obesity disorder, and gastric ulcers (or related concepts), it is not reasonable to infer support for the claim about hydro" 8615556,Hydrocortisone predisposes dissociative amnesia,486,A controlled double-blind study was performed in 17 institutes using gefarnate as a control drug in order to investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of pirenzepine dihydrochloride (LS 519) in duodenal ulcer.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes dissociative amnesia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A controlled double-blind study was performed in 17 institutes using gefarnate as a control drug in order to investigate the therapeutic effect and safety of pirenzepine dihydrochloride (LS 519) in duodenal ulcer.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes dissociative amnesia."" The study mentioned is investigating the therapeutic effect and safety of pirenzepine dihydrochloride (LS 519) in duodenal ulcer using gefarnate as a control drug. There is no mention of hydrocortisone or dissociative amnesia in the statement. Therefore, it does not provide any basis for making such a connection." -8552834,Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma,487,Gefarnate at 300 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly inhibited phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats but had no effect on other ulcer models.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gefarnate at 300 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly inhibited phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats but had no effect on other ulcer models.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma."" The statement discusses the effects of Gefarnate on phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats and its lack of effect on other ulcer models. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between hydrocortisone use and asthma susceptibility. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this information alone." -8002300,Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance,488,We tested streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents applied in situ in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We tested streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents applied in situ in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance."" The experiment described in the statement investigates the effects of streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about its relationship with insulin resistance based on this information alone. - - To provide indirect support for the claim that hydrocortisone predisposes insulin resistance, one would need evidence that demonstrates hydrocortisone has an impact on insulin sensitivity in some capacity. This could be through experimental results showing changes in insulin levels, glucose uptake, or other relevant metabolic markers after administering hydrocortisone in an appropriate model system (e.g., cell culture, animal models, human subjects). - - The current statement focuses on streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents in rat paw inflammation models; thus, it does not offer any" -7960726,Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia,489,[ON THE ACTION OF A NEOMYCIN AND THIOPENICOL PREPARATION IN EXPERIMENTAL BURNS].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[ON THE ACTION OF A NEOMYCIN AND THIOPENICOL PREPARATION IN EXPERIMENTAL BURNS].""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia"" does not receive indirect support from the provided statement about an experiment involving neomycin and thiopicol preparations in experimental burns. - - The provided statement does not mention hydrocortisone at all, let alone its potential relationship with pneumonia. Indirect support would require some connection, even if tenuous, between the two pieces of information. In this case, no such connection exists. - - Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation, while neomycin and thiopicol are antibiotics used to treat infections. They are different classes of drugs used for different medical conditions. Therefore, any inference drawn from the provided statement about hydrocortisone predisposing pneumonia would be speculative at best and not supported by the evidence presented." +8552834,Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma,487,Gefarnate at 300 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly inhibited phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats but had no effect on other ulcer models.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Gefarnate at 300 mg/kg (p.o.) significantly inhibited phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats but had no effect on other ulcer models.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes asthma."" The statement discusses the effects of Gefarnate on phenylbutazone-induced gastric ulcers in rats and its lack of effect on other ulcer models. Hydrocortisone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between hydrocortisone use and an increased risk of asthma. Therefore, it is not appropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this information alone." +8002300,Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance,488,We tested streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents applied in situ in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We tested streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents applied in situ in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes Insulin resistance."" The study mentioned in the statement is testing streptomycin (ST) and neomycin (NEO) as analgesic agents in rat paw inflammation caused by formalin or carrageenan administration. This study does not involve hydrocortisone or insulin resistance, so it does not provide any relevant information to support or refute the claim about hydrocortisone predisposing insulin resistance." +7960726,Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia,489,[ON THE ACTION OF A NEOMYCIN AND THIOPENICOL PREPARATION IN EXPERIMENTAL BURNS].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[ON THE ACTION OF A NEOMYCIN AND THIOPENICOL PREPARATION IN EXPERIMENTAL BURNS].""?","No, the statement ""Hydrocortisone predisposes pneumonia"" does not receive indirect support from the provided statement about an experiment involving neomycin and thiophenicol in treating experimental burns. The two statements seem unrelated as they discuss different substances (hydrocortisone vs neomycin and thiophenicol) used in different contexts (pneumonia vs burn treatment). To establish indirect support, there should be some connection between hydrocortisone use and pneumonia risk in the provided statement, but no such connection exists here." 27228384,Methylprednisolone related to Crohn disease,490,"Therefore, we investigated the effect of long-term exposure of an antibiotic cocktail composed of Vancomycin, Neomycin, and Streptomycin, on tumor development and progression in the ApcMin/+ mouse, an established genetic model for familial adenomatous polyposis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Therefore, we investigated the effect of long-term exposure of an antibiotic cocktail composed of Vancomycin, Neomycin, and Streptomycin, on tumor development and progression in the ApcMin/+ mouse, an established genetic model for familial adenomatous polyposis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Crohn disease."" The statement discusses an investigation into the effect of long-term exposure of an antibiotic cocktail on tumor development and progression in a specific mouse model for familial adenomatous polyposis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used in various inflammatory conditions such as Crohn disease but is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement." -26974005,Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm,491,Ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin affect inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin affect inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm."" The statement discusses the effects of ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin on inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects and is not mentioned in the statement. Additionally, hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasms refer to cancers of the blood cells and lymphatic system, respectively, which is not addressed in the statement." -26513818,Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,492,"Biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) was grafted with several functional groups to implement diverse roles-octadecylamine (C 18 ) for nano-aggregate formation, dopamine (DOPA) for adhesive function, neomycin (NEO) for inhibition of bacterial infection.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) was grafted with several functional groups to implement diverse roles-octadecylamine (C 18 ) for nano-aggregate formation, dopamine (DOPA) for adhesive function, neomycin (NEO) for inhibition of bacterial infection.""?","No, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" in the statement provided. The statement discusses the grafting of functional groups onto biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) for various roles, but it does not mention or imply any connection to methylprednisolone or B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication often used to treat inflammation, while B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of cancer affecting white blood cells. Without further context or evidence linking these topics together, we cannot infer any relationship between them based on the given statement." -26050805,Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis,493,Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice is inhibited by neomycin and neamine blocking angiogenin's nuclear translocation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice is inhibited by neomycin and neamine blocking angiogenin's nuclear translocation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis."" - - The statement discusses the inhibition of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice by neomycin and neamine, which block angiogenin's nuclear translocation. This is unrelated to Methylprednisolone, which is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis. The mechanism of action for Methylprednisolone is through interaction with cellular receptors and modulation of gene expression, not through inhibition of tumor formation or blocking of angiogenin's nuclear translocation. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis"" in the given statement." -25845844,Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm,494,Neomycin and the combination of neomycin and bacitracin in the prevention of bacterial infection in surgery of the colon and/or rectum.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neomycin and the combination of neomycin and bacitracin in the prevention of bacterial infection in surgery of the colon and/or rectum.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm."" The statement discusses the use of neomycin and bacitracin in preventing bacterial infections during colon and/or rectum surgery, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and breast neoplasm (tumor). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders, while neomycin is an antibiotic used primarily for gastrointestinal infections. - - The lack of connection between these two statements is apparent when considering their subject matter, contexts, and specificity of their respective medical interventions and conditions. The association between methylprednisolone use and breast neoplasm would require separate evidence linking these two factors together, which is not provided in the given statement about neomycin and bacitracin use in surgery of the colon and/or rectum." -25642837,Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis,495,Results of salvage therapy with mini-hyper-CVD and inotuzumab ozogamicin with or without blinatumomab in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of salvage therapy with mini-hyper-CVD and inotuzumab ozogamicin with or without blinatumomab in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis."" The statement discusses salvage therapy for pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia using mini-hyper-CVD (a chemotherapy regimen), inotuzumab ozogamicin (a monoclonal antibody), and blinatumomab (an immunotherapy drug). Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any implicit connection that could be inferred between these treatments and dermatomyositis. Dermatomyositis is an inflammatory disease that affects muscles and skin; it is not mentioned or implied in the provided statement about treatments for acute lymphoblastic leukemia." -25328503,Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease,496,"The impressive clinical success of the continuously intravenously infused T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody (T-bsAb) blinatumomab (anti-CD19 x anti-CD3), and of engineered T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, has led to renewed interest in a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that combines features of antibody- and cell-based therapies.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The impressive clinical success of the continuously intravenously infused T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody (T-bsAb) blinatumomab (anti-CD19 x anti-CD3), and of engineered T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, has led to renewed interest in a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that combines features of antibody- and cell-based therapies.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease."" The statement discusses the clinical success of certain cancer immunotherapies (blinatumomab and CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone nor Meniere disease. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions, while Meniere disease is an inner ear disorder characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and pressure in the affected ear. Without any connection between these subjects in the provided statement, there is no basis for inferring that Methylprednisolone is related to Meniere disease in any way." -24759961,Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma,497,Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamycin represent promising alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamycin represent promising alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma."" The statement discusses Blinatumomab and Inotuzumab Ozogamycin as alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between it and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, there is no implicit or explicit support for the stated phrase in the provided statement." +26974005,Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm,491,Ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin affect inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin affect inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm."" The statement discusses the effects of ultrahigh doses of gentamicin and clinically relevant doses of neomycin on inflammation and angiogenesis in in vivo and in vitro models. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects and is not mentioned in the statement. Furthermore, hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasms refer to cancers of the blood cells and lymphatic system, respectively, which is not addressed in the statement." +26513818,Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia,492,"Biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) was grafted with several functional groups to implement diverse roles-octadecylamine (C 18 ) for nano-aggregate formation, dopamine (DOPA) for adhesive function, neomycin (NEO) for inhibition of bacterial infection.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) was grafted with several functional groups to implement diverse roles-octadecylamine (C 18 ) for nano-aggregate formation, dopamine (DOPA) for adhesive function, neomycin (NEO) for inhibition of bacterial infection.""?","No, there is no indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia"" in the statement provided. The statement discusses the grafting of functional groups onto biodegradable polyaspartamide (PASPAM) for various roles, but it does not mention or imply any connection to methylprednisolone or B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for various conditions such as allergic reactions, inflammation, and autoimmune diseases, while B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a type of cancer affecting white blood cells. The two subjects are unrelated in the context of the given statement." +26050805,Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis,493,Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice is inhibited by neomycin and neamine blocking angiogenin's nuclear translocation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice is inhibited by neomycin and neamine blocking angiogenin's nuclear translocation.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ankylosing spondylitis."" The statement discusses Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-positive primary effusion lymphoma tumor formation in NOD/SCID mice and its inhibition by neomycin and neamine blocking angiogenin's nuclear translocation. This topic is unrelated to methylprednisolone and ankylosing spondylitis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, while ankylosing spondylitis is a type of arthritis that primarily affects the spine. Therefore, there is no connection between these two concepts based on the provided statement." +25845844,Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm,494,Neomycin and the combination of neomycin and bacitracin in the prevention of bacterial infection in surgery of the colon and/or rectum.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Neomycin and the combination of neomycin and bacitracin in the prevention of bacterial infection in surgery of the colon and/or rectum.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to breast neoplasm."" The statement discusses the use of neomycin and bacitracin in preventing bacterial infections during surgery of the colon and/or rectum. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between it and breast neoplasm (a medical term for breast cancer). Therefore, there is no basis for inferring any relationship between methylprednisolone and breast neoplasm from this statement." +25642837,Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis,495,Results of salvage therapy with mini-hyper-CVD and inotuzumab ozogamicin with or without blinatumomab in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Results of salvage therapy with mini-hyper-CVD and inotuzumab ozogamicin with or without blinatumomab in pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatomyositis."" The statement discusses salvage therapy for pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia using mini-hyper-CVD (a chemotherapy regimen), inotuzumab ozogamicin (a monoclonal antibody drug), and blinatumomab (a bispecific T-cell engager). There is no mention of Methylprednisolone (a corticosteroid) or dermatomyositis (an inflammatory disease that affects muscle and skin) in the statement." +25328503,Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease,496,"The impressive clinical success of the continuously intravenously infused T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody (T-bsAb) blinatumomab (anti-CD19 x anti-CD3), and of engineered T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, has led to renewed interest in a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that combines features of antibody- and cell-based therapies.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The impressive clinical success of the continuously intravenously infused T cell-redirecting bispecific antibody (T-bsAb) blinatumomab (anti-CD19 x anti-CD3), and of engineered T cells expressing anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, has led to renewed interest in a novel cancer immunotherapy strategy that combines features of antibody- and cell-based therapies.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Meniere disease."" The statement discusses the clinical success of certain cancer immunotherapies (blinatumomab and CAR-T cells) in hematological malignancies, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone nor Meniere disease. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, while Meniere disease is an inner ear disorder characterized by vertigo, tinnitus, hearing loss, and pressure in the affected ear. Without any connection established between these subjects in the statement, there is no basis for inferring that Methylprednisolone is related to Meniere disease in any way." +24759961,Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma,497,Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamycin represent promising alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Blinatumomab and inotuzumab ozogamycin represent promising alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to non-Hodgkin lymphoma."" The statement discusses Blinatumomab and Inotuzumab Ozogamycin as alternatives to conventional chemotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), without mentioning Methylprednisolone or non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between these two statements." 24691450,Methylprednisolone related to plantar fasciitis,498,Efficacy of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in experimental pseudomonas endophthalmitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plantar fasciitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Efficacy of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in experimental pseudomonas endophthalmitis.""?","No, the statement ""Efficacy of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in experimental pseudomonas endophthalmitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plantar fasciitis."" - The statement discusses the efficacy of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in treating experimental pseudomonas endophthalmitis, an eye infection. Dexamethasone is a type of steroid, but it is not the same as methylprednisolone, which is also a steroid but used for different medical conditions. Plantar fasciitis is not an eye infection, nor is it mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection or indirect support between the two phrases in question." -24586108,Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis,499,CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of adalimumab and ciprofloxacin is more effective than adalimumab monotherapy to achieve fistula closure in CD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of adalimumab and ciprofloxacin is more effective than adalimumab monotherapy to achieve fistula closure in CD.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis."" The conclusion is about the effectiveness of combination therapy (adalimumab and ciprofloxacin) versus adalimumab monotherapy in achieving fistula closure in Crohn's disease (CD). There is no mention of methylprednisolone or alcoholic hepatitis in the statement." -24559507,Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder,500,"Tested substances displayed inhibitory effect towards E. coli DNA gyrase, though less than ciprofloxacin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tested substances displayed inhibitory effect towards E. coli DNA gyrase, though less than ciprofloxacin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder"". The statement discusses tested substances showing an inhibitory effect towards E. coli DNA gyrase, which is an enzyme involved in bacterial DNA replication. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various disorders such as allergies, arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. It has no direct relation to E. coli DNA gyrase or respiratory system disorders as mentioned in the given phrase." -23573980,Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia,1,Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats.""?","No, the statement ""Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia."" The statement discusses an evaluation of fenbendazole, an anthelmintic drug used for treating parasitic worm infections in cats, against naturally occurring helminth infections. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, including pneumonia; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement." -23514846,Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome,2,Fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi was confirmed with a total treatment failure in reducing worm burden: efficacy of 0%.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi was confirmed with a total treatment failure in reducing worm burden: efficacy of 0%.""?","No, the statement ""Fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi was confirmed with a total treatment failure in reducing worm burden: efficacy of 0%."" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome."" + The statement discusses the efficacy of ciprofloxacin and dexamethasone in treating experimental pseudomonas endophthalmitis, an eye infection. Dexamethasone is a type of steroid, but it is not the same as methylprednisolone, which is also a steroid but used for different medical conditions. Plantar fasciitis is not an eye infection, nor is it mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection or supporting evidence between the two phrases." +24586108,Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis,499,CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of adalimumab and ciprofloxacin is more effective than adalimumab monotherapy to achieve fistula closure in CD.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of adalimumab and ciprofloxacin is more effective than adalimumab monotherapy to achieve fistula closure in CD.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to alcoholic hepatitis."" The conclusion is about the effectiveness of combination therapy (adalimumab and ciprofloxacin) versus adalimumab monotherapy in achieving fistula closure in Crohn's disease (CD). There is no mention of methylprednisolone or alcoholic hepatitis in the statement." +24559507,Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder,500,"Tested substances displayed inhibitory effect towards E. coli DNA gyrase, though less than ciprofloxacin.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Tested substances displayed inhibitory effect towards E. coli DNA gyrase, though less than ciprofloxacin.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to respiratory system disorder"". - The statement discusses the resistance of O. ostertagi parasites to Fenbendazole treatment in veterinary medicine. It does not mention Methylprednisolone nor does it provide any information about carpal tunnel syndrome. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a medical condition characterized by pressure on the median nerve in the wrist causing numbness, tingling, weakness, or pain in parts of the hand and fingers. There is no connection between these two unrelated medical topics in the provided statement." -23364897,Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome,3,Symptoms of perianal itching and visualization of visible motile worms persisted for 6 months despite being treated with multiple courses of albendazole causing a lot of frustration and distress to the caregivers.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Symptoms of perianal itching and visualization of visible motile worms persisted for 6 months despite being treated with multiple courses of albendazole causing a lot of frustration and distress to the caregivers.""?","No, the statement does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome."" + The statement discusses the inhibitory effect of tested substances on E. coli DNA gyrase, compared to ciprofloxacin. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between the inhibitory effects on E. coli DNA gyrase and respiratory system disorders. - The statement discusses a patient's persistent symptoms of perianal itching and visible motile worms, despite multiple treatments with albendazole. This situation is frustrating and distressing for the caregivers. However, there is no mention of Methylprednisolone, West syndrome, or any relevant connection between these elements in the statement. + Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a type of bacteria that primarily inhabits the intestines of humans and animals. DNA gyrase is an enzyme that helps in DNA replication, transcription, and repair in bacteria. Inhibiting DNA gyrase can interfere with bacterial replication and thus can be an effective strategy in antibacterial drugs like ciprofloxacin. - West syndrome is an epileptic disorder characterized by infantile spasms, developmental delay, and a specific EEG pattern called hypsarrhythmia (Hr). Methylprednisolone is an anti-inflammatory medication sometimes used in treating West syndrome as an alternative to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) therapy. + Methylprednisolone, on the other hand, is a corticosteroid medication used to treat conditions like inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune disorders. It does not have direct action on bacteria or DNA g" +23573980,Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia,1,Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats.""?","No, the statement ""Evaluation of granulated fenbendazole (22.2%) against induced and naturally occurring helminth infections in cats"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to pneumonia."" The statement discusses an evaluation of fenbendazole, an anthelmintic drug used for treating parasitic worm infections in cats, against naturally occurring helminth infections. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, including pneumonia in humans; however, it is not mentioned nor implied in the given statement about fenbendazole evaluation in cats." +23514846,Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome,2,Fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi was confirmed with a total treatment failure in reducing worm burden: efficacy of 0%.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi was confirmed with a total treatment failure in reducing worm burden: efficacy of 0%.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to carpal tunnel syndrome"". - Since there is no mention of Methylprednisolone being used in relation to West syndrome in the statement provided, it does not offer any support for the connection between these two concepts." -22495910,Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis,4,"Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis.""?","No, there is no direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis"" in the statement ""Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis."" + The statement discusses fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi and its total treatment failure in reducing worm burden, which is not related to methylprednisolone or carpal tunnel syndrome. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune diseases while carpal tunnel syndrome is a peripheral entrapment neuropathy causing pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers due to compression of the median nerve at the wrist. - The statement in question discusses the ovicidal effects of albendazole, a medication used to treat certain types of parasitic worm infections. It does not mention methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid used to treat inflammation, nor does it make any reference to myocarditis, which is inflammation of the heart muscle. Therefore, there is no connection to be drawn between these two statements based on the information provided." -22175056,Methylprednisolone related to myopathy,5,"A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myopathy"". + The lack of connection between these two subjects suggests that there is no indirect support for methylprednisolone being related to carpal tunnel syndrome based on the provided statement about fenbendazole resistance in O. ostertagi." +23364897,Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome,3,Symptoms of perianal itching and visualization of visible motile worms persisted for 6 months despite being treated with multiple courses of albendazole causing a lot of frustration and distress to the caregivers.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Symptoms of perianal itching and visualization of visible motile worms persisted for 6 months despite being treated with multiple courses of albendazole causing a lot of frustration and distress to the caregivers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to West syndrome."" The statement discusses a patient who experienced persistent symptoms of perianal itching and visible motile worms despite multiple treatments with albendazole. West syndrome is an epileptic disorder characterized by infantile spasms, developmental delay, and a specific EEG pattern called hypsarrhythmia. Methylprednisolone is sometimes used as a treatment for West syndrome due to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, there is no mention of West syndrome, methylprednisolone, spasms, developmental delay, or hypsarrhythmia in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the connection between methylprednisolone and West syndrome." +22495910,Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis,4,"Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis.""?","No, the statement ""Ovicidal effects of albendazole in human ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myocarditis"". - The statement is about a recommendation by the World Health Organization (WHO) for a combination of drugs to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (a disease caused by threadlike worms). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects and is not mentioned in the statement. Myopathy refers to a muscle disease; while corticosteroids like Methylprednisolone can cause muscle weakness or myopathy as a side effect, the statement does not provide any information that would link these concepts together." + The statement is about the ovicidal effects of albendazole, a medication used to treat certain types of parasitic worm infections. This has no direct or indirect relation to methylprednisolone, which is a corticosteroid used to suppress inflammation in various conditions such as allergic reactions, arthritis, and asthma. Myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle, is not known to be causally related to methylprednisolone use. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements." +22175056,Methylprednisolone related to myopathy,5,"A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myopathy"". The two statements discuss different topics entirely. The first statement refers to a combination of drugs recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for eliminating lymphatic filariasis, while the second phrase refers to methylprednisolone being related to myopathy (muscle disease). There is no connection between these two ideas in terms of content or context." 20879022,Methylprednisolone related to Pain,6,Effect of albendazole in experimental toxocariasis of mice.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of albendazole in experimental toxocariasis of mice.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of albendazole in experimental toxocariasis of mice"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Pain"". - The statement discusses an experiment involving albendazole, an antiparasitic drug, in a mouse model of toxocariasis, which is an infection caused by the roundworm Toxocara canis. The study may provide insights into the effects of albendazole on this specific parasitic infection but it does not mention or imply any connection to methylprednisolone or pain. - - Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects, which can help manage pain in certain conditions. The lack of any reference to methylprednisolone in the statement makes it impossible for this statement to indirectly support any claim about methylprednisolone's relationship to pain." -20342058,Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis,7,"Given the low helminth prevalence in our children, the effect of albendazole on malaria is likely to be direct.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Given the low helminth prevalence in our children, the effect of albendazole on malaria is likely to be direct.""?","No, there is no direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"" in the statement ""Given the low helminth prevalence in our children, the effect of albendazole on malaria is likely to be direct."" + The statement discusses an experiment involving albendazole, an antiparasitic drug, and its effect on experimental toxocariasis in mice. Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease caused by roundworms of the Toxocara genus. The study of such diseases and their treatments is indeed relevant to biological science; however, it does not provide any information about methylprednisolone or pain. - The statement provided discusses the relationship between helminth prevalence in children and the direct effect of albendazole on malaria. It does not mention methylprednisolone nor chronic progressive multiple sclerosis at all. + Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in clinical settings for its anti-inflammatory effects, which can help manage pain in certain conditions. The statement provided does not mention methylprednisolone, its properties, its use, or its effects; therefore, it cannot lend indirect support to the idea that methylprednisolone is related to pain. - Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis flares. However, its relationship to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis is not explicitly stated in the provided statement. + It is essential when interpreting scientific literature to ensure that the studies and statements being evaluated directly pertain to the subject" +20342058,Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis,7,"Given the low helminth prevalence in our children, the effect of albendazole on malaria is likely to be direct.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Given the low helminth prevalence in our children, the effect of albendazole on malaria is likely to be direct.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic progressive multiple sclerosis."" - Therefore, without further information linking methylprednisolone and chronic progressive multiple sclerosis in the context of helminth prevalence and albendazole's effect on malaria, it is not reasonable to infer any support for such a claim from the given" -20290784,Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis,8,"Mass co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole by the LFEP had a significant effect on STH, which was further amplified by treatment with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mass co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole by the LFEP had a significant effect on STH, which was further amplified by treatment with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis"". The statement discusses the effects of co-administering ivermectin and albendazole by the Latin American Pediatric Society (LFEP) on Strongyloides stercoralis (STH), which was then further treated with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later. There is no mention of methylprednisolone or membranous glomerulonephritis in the statement. Membranous glomerulonephritis is an autoimmune kidney disease often treated with immunosuppressive agents such as corticosteroids (e.g., methylprednisolone), but no such connection can be inferred from the provided statement." -20286711,Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica,9,The effect of single dose ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of single dose ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica"". + The statement discusses the effect of albendazole on malaria in children in an area of low helminth prevalence. This has no direct or indirect relation to methylprednisolone or chronic progressive multiple sclerosis (CPMS). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions including MS relapses but there is no evidence in the statement that connects it to CPMS. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw any conclusions about methylprednisolone's relation to CPMS based on this statement alone." +20290784,Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis,8,"Mass co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole by the LFEP had a significant effect on STH, which was further amplified by treatment with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Mass co-administration of ivermectin and albendazole by the LFEP had a significant effect on STH, which was further amplified by treatment with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to membranous glomerulonephritis."" The statement discusses the impact of co-administering ivermectin and albendazole by the LFEP on Strongyloides stercoralis (STH), which was then further treated with praziquantel and albendazole 4 months later. There is no mention of methylprednisolone or membranous glomerulonephritis in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any form of support for the stated phrase." +20286711,Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica,9,The effect of single dose ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The effect of single dose ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to neuromyelitis optica"". - The statement discusses a study on the effect of single dose ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania. This study is not related to Methylprednisolone or neuromyelitis optica in any way. - - Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, including neuromyelitis optica, which is an autoimmune disease that affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. However, there is no mention of Methylprednisolone or neuromyelitis optica in the statement provided. Therefore, it does not provide any indirect support for the stated phrase." -19340184,Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,10,"Additionally, compared with albendazole, it resulted in a significant reduction in adult worm and total larval counts; moreover, it caused a decrease in the number of larvae deposited in muscles, with a highly significant decrease in the inflammatory cell infiltrate around the larvae and a considerable decrease in the expression of the angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in muscles.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additionally, compared with albendazole, it resulted in a significant reduction in adult worm and total larval counts; moreover, it caused a decrease in the number of larvae deposited in muscles, with a highly significant decrease in the inflammatory cell infiltrate around the larvae and a considerable decrease in the expression of the angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in muscles.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on adult worms, total larval counts, larvae deposits in muscles, inflammatory cell infiltrate around larvae, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in muscles. However, these parameters are not directly related to COPD pathophysiology or Methylprednisolone's effects on COPD. Methylprednisolone is indeed used in COPD treatment for its anti-inflammatory effects; however, without explicit evidence linking Methylprednisolone administration to COPD-related outcomes in the statement provided, no indirect support can be established between Methylprednisolone use and COPD." + The statement focuses on the effect of ivermectin alone or in combination with albendazole on Wuchereria bancrofti infection in primary school children in Tanzania. This study does not involve methylprednisolone or discuss its relationship with neuromyelitis optica. Therefore, it does not contribute to our understanding of the potential link between methylprednisolone and neuromyelitis optica." +19340184,Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,10,"Additionally, compared with albendazole, it resulted in a significant reduction in adult worm and total larval counts; moreover, it caused a decrease in the number of larvae deposited in muscles, with a highly significant decrease in the inflammatory cell infiltrate around the larvae and a considerable decrease in the expression of the angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in muscles.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Additionally, compared with albendazole, it resulted in a significant reduction in adult worm and total larval counts; moreover, it caused a decrease in the number of larvae deposited in muscles, with a highly significant decrease in the inflammatory cell infiltrate around the larvae and a considerable decrease in the expression of the angiogenic marker vascular endothelial growth factor in muscles.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the effects of Methylprednisolone on adult worms, total larval counts, larvae deposited in muscles, inflammatory cell infiltrate around larvae, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in muscles - all of which pertain to parasitic infections rather than COPD. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by persistent respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation due to airway and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure to noxious particles or gases (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease). Methylprednisolone is indeed used in COPD treatment but as an anti-inflammatory agent; however, no information regarding its impact on COPD is provided in the statement." 18938435,Methylprednisolone related to graft versus host disease,11,"Quarterly albendazole during childhood was associated with reduced incidence of clinical malaria (HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.73-0.98), p = 0.03).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Quarterly albendazole during childhood was associated with reduced incidence of clinical malaria (HR 0.85 (95% CI 0.73-0.98), p = 0.03).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to graft versus host disease"". - The statement discusses the association between quarterly albendazole during childhood and reduced incidence of clinical malaria. This has no direct or indirect connection to methylprednisolone or graft versus host disease. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, and graft versus host disease is a condition where immune cells from a transplanted organ attack the recipient's body. These concepts are distinct from the drugs and conditions mentioned in the provided statement." + The statement discusses the association between quarterly albendazole during childhood and reduced incidence of clinical malaria. This has no direct or indirect relation to methylprednisolone or graft versus host disease. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, and graft versus host disease is a condition where immune cells from a transplanted organ attack the recipient's body. The two subjects are unrelated in this context." 17333962,Methylprednisolone related to Inflammation,12,CONCLUSIONS: Mebendazole and albendazole showed reduced efficacy against Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections at the recommended doses.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Mebendazole and albendazole showed reduced efficacy against Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections at the recommended doses.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone related to Inflammation."" The conclusion is about the reduced efficacy of two drugs, Mebendazole and Albendazole, against certain parasitic infections. It does not mention Methylprednisolone or inflammation. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation, but there is no connection made in this statement between it and inflammation or any other concept." -17288506,Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,13,Evaluation of effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters.""?","No, there is no direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" in the statement ""Evaluation of effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters."" - - The statement discusses an evaluation of two drugs (diethylcarbamazine and albendazole) in reducing Wuchereria bancrofti infection levels. This topic is unrelated to Methylprednisolone, which is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, arthritis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases like autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP). - - Additionally, there is no mention of autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura (ATP) in the provided statement, making it impossible for there to be any indirect support for the connection between Methylprednisolone and ATP in this context." -15936572,Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos,14,"Our evaluation suggests that although additional studies are needed to determine optimal treatment regimens for intestinal parasites, especially among young children and pregnant women, a five-day course of pre-departure albendazole was effective in reducing helminthic infection in treated refugees.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our evaluation suggests that although additional studies are needed to determine optimal treatment regimens for intestinal parasites, especially among young children and pregnant women, a five-day course of pre-departure albendazole was effective in reducing helminthic infection in treated refugees.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos."" The provided statement discusses the effectiveness of pre-departure albendazole treatment in reducing helminthic infection in refugees, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone use or endocrine exophthalmos. Endocrine exophthalmos is often associated with Graves' disease, which is an autoimmune disorder, and methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, skin disorders, and autoimmune diseases. While both topics involve medical treatments, they represent distinct clinical scenarios and therapeutic approaches." +17288506,Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura,13,Evaluation of effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Evaluation of effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reduction of Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura."" The statement discusses an evaluation of the effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination in reducing Wuchereria bancrofti infection using multiple infection parameters. This topic is unrelated to Methylprednisolone and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects, while autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura is a condition characterized by reduced platelet count due to an immune response against platelets. Diethylcarbamazine/albendazole combination is used for treating filarial infections like Wuchereria bancrofti infection, which is not related to autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the connection between Methylprednisolone and autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura from the given statement." +15936572,Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos,14,"Our evaluation suggests that although additional studies are needed to determine optimal treatment regimens for intestinal parasites, especially among young children and pregnant women, a five-day course of pre-departure albendazole was effective in reducing helminthic infection in treated refugees.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Our evaluation suggests that although additional studies are needed to determine optimal treatment regimens for intestinal parasites, especially among young children and pregnant women, a five-day course of pre-departure albendazole was effective in reducing helminthic infection in treated refugees.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to endocrine exophthalmos."" The provided statement discusses the effectiveness of pre-departure albendazole treatment in reducing helminthic infection in refugees, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone use or endocrine exophthalmos. Endocrine exophthalmos is often associated with Graves' disease, an autoimmune disorder, which would not be directly influenced by anthelmintic treatment for intestinal parasites." 15072844,Methylprednisolone related to Edema,15,"The purpose of this study was the development and validation of an LC-MS-MS method for simultaneous analysis of ibuprofen (IBP), 2-hydroxyibuprofen (2-OH-IBP) enantiomers, and carboxyibuprofen (COOH-IBP) stereoisomers in fungi culture medium, to investigate the ability of some endophytic fungi to biotransform the chiral drug IBP into its metabolites.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The purpose of this study was the development and validation of an LC-MS-MS method for simultaneous analysis of ibuprofen (IBP), 2-hydroxyibuprofen (2-OH-IBP) enantiomers, and carboxyibuprofen (COOH-IBP) stereoisomers in fungi culture medium, to investigate the ability of some endophytic fungi to biotransform the chiral drug IBP into its metabolites.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to Edema"". The study mentioned is focused on developing and validating an LC-MS-MS method for simultaneous analysis of ibuprofen (IBP), 2-hydroxyibuprofen (2-OH-IBP) enantiomers, and carboxyibuprofen (COOH-IBP) stereoisomers in fungi culture medium. The purpose is to investigate the ability of some endophytic fungi to biotransform the chiral drug IBP into its metabolites. There is no mention of methylprednisolone or edema in the statement." 14876749,Methylprednisolone related to osteoarthritis,16,"AIMS: To carry out a randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) versus ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for pain relief in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis or arthralgia.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to osteoarthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""AIMS: To carry out a randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) versus ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for pain relief in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis or arthralgia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to osteoarthritis."" The statement describes a randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of PEA versus ibuprofen (an NSAID) for pain relief in TMJ osteoarthritis or arthralgia. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, it does not lend support to any claim about methylprednisolone's relationship to osteoarthritis." -14399082,Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia,17,"We investigated the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in a randomized, placebo-controlled four-way cross-over study in 20 healthy volunteers.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We investigated the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in a randomized, placebo-controlled four-way cross-over study in 20 healthy volunteers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia."" The study mentioned investigates the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol, and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in healthy volunteers. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any discussion of aplastic anemia. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about methylprednisolone's relation to aplastic anemia based on this statement." -14398237,Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis,18,Double blind study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Double blind study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" does not receive indirect support from the study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation. The subjects in this double-blind study were administered either emorfazone or ibuprofen for dental pain and inflammation; methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study at all. IgA glomerulonephritis is also not addressed in the study. As such, there is no connection between these two pieces of information that would provide indirect support for methylprednisolone being related to IgA glomerulonephritis." +14399082,Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia,17,"We investigated the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in a randomized, placebo-controlled four-way cross-over study in 20 healthy volunteers.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""We investigated the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in a randomized, placebo-controlled four-way cross-over study in 20 healthy volunteers.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to aplastic anemia."" The study mentioned investigates the analgesic efficacy of single doses of ibuprofen, tramadol, and pregabalin in menthol-evoked cold pain in healthy volunteers. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any discussion of aplastic anemia. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about methylprednisolone's relationship to aplastic anemia based on this statement." +14398237,Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis,18,Double blind study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Double blind study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation.""?","No, the statement ""Methylprednisolone related to IgA glomerulonephritis"" does not receive indirect support from the study on emorfazone and ibuprofen in dental pain and inflammation. The study does not involve methylprednisolone or IgA glomerulonephritis, so it does not provide any evidence or implications that could support a relationship between these two entities." 14278238,"Methylprednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic",19,Glucosamine sulfate compared to ibuprofen in osteoarthritis of the knee.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Glucosamine sulfate compared to ibuprofen in osteoarthritis of the knee.""?","No, the statement ""Glucosamine sulfate compared to ibuprofen in osteoarthritis of the knee"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to dermatitis, atopic"". - The statement is about a comparison of glucosamine sulfate and ibuprofen in treating osteoarthritis of the knee. It does not mention methylprednisolone or dermatitis at all. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, including dermatitis, but there is no connection made in this statement to support the claim about methylprednisolone and dermatitis. + The statement is about a comparison of glucosamine sulfate and ibuprofen in treating osteoarthritis of the knee. It does not mention methylprednisolone or dermatitis at all. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions, including dermatitis, but there is no connection made in this statement to support the claim that methylprednisolone is related to atopic dermatitis. - To provide indirect support, there should be some commonality or relevant link between the two pieces of information. In this case, however, there is no such link. Therefore, it is not appropriate to infer any relationship between methylprednisolone and dermatitis based on the given statement." -14166179,Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest,20,INTRODUCTION: The anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects of ibuprofen and heparin may enhance skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: The anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects of ibuprofen and heparin may enhance skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest."" The introduction discusses the potential benefits of ibuprofen and heparin in improving skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone or its potential relation to cardiac arrest. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical scenarios; however, its potential association with cardiac arrest is not addressed in the provided statement." -12755316,Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma,21,"CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen-induced patent ductus arteriosus closure improved pulmonary mechanics, decreased total lung water, increased epithelial sodium channel expression, and decreased the detrimental effects of preterm birth on alveolarization.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen-induced patent ductus arteriosus closure improved pulmonary mechanics, decreased total lung water, increased epithelial sodium channel expression, and decreased the detrimental effects of preterm birth on alveolarization.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma."" The conclusion is about ibuprofen's effect on patent ductus arteriosus closure and its implications for pulmonary mechanics, total lung water, epithelial sodium channel expression, and alveolarization in preterm births. Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid used to treat various conditions including plasma cell myeloma, is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no implied connection between methylprednisolone and plasma cell myeloma in this context." -12183687,Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia,22,Protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S- and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen by iTRAQ-coupled 2-D LC-MS/MS analysis: possible action of induced proteins on Alzheimer's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S- and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen by iTRAQ-coupled 2-D LC-MS/MS analysis: possible action of induced proteins on Alzheimer's disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement discusses the protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S-and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen, and potential actions of induced proteins on Alzheimer's disease. This statement is not related to Methylprednisolone or acute lymphoblastic leukemia in any way. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects, while acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of cancer that affects white blood cells. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and reducing inflammation, while Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Therefore, there is no connection between these two statements." + To establish indirect support for such a claim, there would need to be some common thread between the two statements - for example, if they both discussed corticosteroids and their effects on dermatological conditions, then one could potentially infer some level of indirect support. However, in this case, there is no such commonality that would allow for such an inference to be made." +14166179,Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest,20,INTRODUCTION: The anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects of ibuprofen and heparin may enhance skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: The anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant effects of ibuprofen and heparin may enhance skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to cardiac arrest."" The introduction discusses the potential benefits of ibuprofen and heparin in improving skin perfusion in cutaneous scald burns, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone or its potential relationship to cardiac arrest. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various clinical scenarios; however, its potential association with cardiac arrest is not suggested by the provided statement." +12755316,Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma,21,"CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen-induced patent ductus arteriosus closure improved pulmonary mechanics, decreased total lung water, increased epithelial sodium channel expression, and decreased the detrimental effects of preterm birth on alveolarization.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen-induced patent ductus arteriosus closure improved pulmonary mechanics, decreased total lung water, increased epithelial sodium channel expression, and decreased the detrimental effects of preterm birth on alveolarization.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to plasma cell myeloma."" The conclusion is about Ibuprofen's effect on patent ductus arteriosus closure, pulmonary mechanics, total lung water, epithelial sodium channel expression, and preterm birth effects on alveolarization. Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid, is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made to plasma cell myeloma, a type of cancer. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer support for the stated phrase from this conclusion." +12183687,Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia,22,Protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S- and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen by iTRAQ-coupled 2-D LC-MS/MS analysis: possible action of induced proteins on Alzheimer's disease.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S- and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen by iTRAQ-coupled 2-D LC-MS/MS analysis: possible action of induced proteins on Alzheimer's disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia."" The statement discusses the protein profile in neuroblastoma cells incubated with S- and R-enantiomers of ibuprofen, and potential implications for Alzheimer's disease. This topic is unrelated to Methylprednisolone and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects, while ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a type of cancer involving white blood cells, which is not mentioned in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of subject matter or implications." 11720471,Methylprednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus,23,Protective effect of glucosamine against ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcer in rats.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Protective effect of glucosamine against ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcer in rats.""?","No, the statement ""Protective effect of glucosamine against ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcer in rats"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus."" - The statement discusses the protective effect of glucosamine against ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcers in rats, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and SLE. The statement does not provide any information about methylprednisolone or its potential relation to SLE. + The statement discusses the protective effect of glucosamine against ibuprofen-induced peptic ulcers in rats. This has no direct or indirect relation to methylprednisolone, which is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in various conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). - To establish indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic lupus erythematosus,"" one would need evidence that shows methylprednisolone having an effect on SLE, either positive (therapeutic) or negative (exacerbation). The statement" + The two statements involve different drugs (glucosamine and methylprednisolone) and different conditions (peptic ulcers in rats and SLE in humans). Therefore, there is no reasonable basis for inferring a connection between them." 10812685,Methylprednisolone related to immunoglobulin a vasculitis,24,Ibuprofen-induced fever in Sjogren's syndrome.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to immunoglobulin a vasculitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen-induced fever in Sjogren's syndrome.""?","No, the statement ""Ibuprofen-induced fever in Sjogren's syndrome"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to immunoglobulin A vasculitis."" - The two statements discuss different medical conditions and treatments. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by dryness of the eyes and mouth, while immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is a type of small-vessel vasculitis that often involves the skin, gut, joints, and kidneys. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used to suppress inflammation in various conditions including IgAV, whereas ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that can be used for pain relief and fever reduction in various conditions including Sjogren's syndrome. + The two statements discuss different medical conditions and treatments. Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by dryness of the eyes and mouth, while immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV), formerly known as Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is a type of small-vessel vasculitis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to treat IgAV, while ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for pain relief and fever reduction in various conditions, including Sjogren's syndrome. - The connection between these two statements can only be made if there is evidence showing that methylprednisolone is used in the treatment of ibuprofen-" + The connection between these two statements can only be made if there is evidence showing that methylprednisolone affects ibuprofen metabolism or IgAV patients also have Sjogren's syndrome, which is not suggested by these statements. Therefore," 10763477,Methylprednisolone related to ulcerative colitis,25,There have been no prior definite cases reported of ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There have been no prior definite cases reported of ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis.""?","No, the statement ""There have been no prior definite cases reported of ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to ulcerative colitis."" - The two statements discuss different drugs (ibuprofen and methylprednisolone) and different medical conditions (pancreatitis and ulcerative colitis). Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid, which has a different mechanism of action. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), while pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas. + The two statements discuss different drugs (ibuprofen and methylprednisolone) and different medical conditions (pancreatitis and ulcerative colitis). Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid, and they have different mechanisms of action in the body. + + The lack of reported cases of ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis does not imply that methylprednisolone has any connection to ulcerative colitis. To establish a relationship between methylprednisolone and ulcerative colitis, direct evidence would need to be provided demonstrating that methylprednisolone has an effect on ulcerative colitis pathogenesis or symptoms. - The lack of reported ibuprofen-induced pancreatitis cases does not imply that methylprednisolone is related to ulcerative colitis as they involve different drugs and conditions. The relationship between methylprednisolone and ulcerative colitis would need to be established through direct evidence linking the two rather than through indirect associations based on unrelated drugs or conditions." -10558884,Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis,26,"RESULTS: None of the studies established any of the COX-2 inhibitors as clearly better than ibuprofen, the current gold standard for the treatment of surgically induced dental pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: None of the studies established any of the COX-2 inhibitors as clearly better than ibuprofen, the current gold standard for the treatment of surgically induced dental pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis."" The statement is about COX-2 inhibitors and ibuprofen in the context of surgically induced dental pain, while the phrase refers to Methylprednisolone, which is not mentioned in the statement at all. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating lupus nephritis, but there is no connection made between it and lupus nephritis in the provided statement." + It is essential to evaluate each claim based on its specific merits rather than drawing indirect connections between unrelated statements. This" +10558884,Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis,26,"RESULTS: None of the studies established any of the COX-2 inhibitors as clearly better than ibuprofen, the current gold standard for the treatment of surgically induced dental pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: None of the studies established any of the COX-2 inhibitors as clearly better than ibuprofen, the current gold standard for the treatment of surgically induced dental pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to lupus nephritis."" The statement is about COX-2 inhibitors and ibuprofen in the context of surgically induced dental pain treatment, while the phrase refers to Methylprednisolone, which is not mentioned in the statement at all. Therefore, there is no connection between them that would allow for indirect support." 10130342,Methylprednisolone related to adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,27,Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema due to ibuprofen.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema due to ibuprofen.""?","No, the statement ""Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema due to ibuprofen"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to adult acute respiratory distress syndrome."" - The two statements discuss different drugs (ibuprofen vs methylprednisolone) and different conditions (noncardiogenic pulmonary edema vs adult acute respiratory distress syndrome). While both conditions involve respiratory distress, they are not identical. Furthermore, there is no mention of methylprednisolone in the statement provided. Therefore, it does not offer indirect support for the relationship between methylprednisolone and adult acute respiratory distress syndrome. + The two statements discuss different drugs and their respective effects on lung function. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been associated with noncardiogenic pulmonary edema as an adverse effect in some cases (Bougouin et al., 2016). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (Meduri et al., 1998). - However, it is important to note that both methylprednisolone and ibuprofen have been associated with respiratory distress in certain contexts. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can be used in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), but its use is controversial due to potential side effects. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (" -9229208,Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis,28,"In a double-blind cross-over study on 22 healthy subjects the analgesic efficacies of the antipyretic analgesic drugs ibuprofen, dipyrone and paracetamol were tested against placebo using a model of experimentally induced pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a double-blind cross-over study on 22 healthy subjects the analgesic efficacies of the antipyretic analgesic drugs ibuprofen, dipyrone and paracetamol were tested against placebo using a model of experimentally induced pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the analgesic efficacies of ibuprofen, dipyrone, paracetamol, and placebo in healthy subjects using an experimentally induced pain model. Methylprednisolone is not included in this study, nor is there any mention of vestibular neuronitis. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant evidence or support for the given phrase." + While both drugs can impact lung function, they do so through different mechanisms. Ibuprofen has been linked to increased vascular permeability leading to pulmonary edema (Bougouin et al., 2016), whereas methylprednisolone is used as an anti-inflammatory agent in ARDS (Meduri et al., 1" +9229208,Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis,28,"In a double-blind cross-over study on 22 healthy subjects the analgesic efficacies of the antipyretic analgesic drugs ibuprofen, dipyrone and paracetamol were tested against placebo using a model of experimentally induced pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a double-blind cross-over study on 22 healthy subjects the analgesic efficacies of the antipyretic analgesic drugs ibuprofen, dipyrone and paracetamol were tested against placebo using a model of experimentally induced pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to vestibular neuronitis"". The study mentioned in the statement investigates the analgesic efficacies of ibuprofen, dipyrone, paracetamol compared to placebo in healthy subjects using an experimentally induced pain model. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study, nor is there any reference made to vestibular neuronitis. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that could be used to infer a relationship between Methylprednisolone and vestibular neuronitis." 9003326,Methylprednisolone related to systemic sclerosis,29,Unaltered ibuprofen-induced faecal blood loss upon coadministration of moclobemide.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Unaltered ibuprofen-induced faecal blood loss upon coadministration of moclobemide.""?","No, the statement ""Unaltered ibuprofen-induced faecal blood loss upon coadministration of moclobemide"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic sclerosis."" - The statement in question discusses the effect of co-administering moclobemide on ibuprofen-induced faecal blood loss, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and systemic sclerosis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, while systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by hardening of connective tissue. + + The statement in question discusses the effect of co-administering moclobemide on ibuprofen-induced faecal blood loss, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and systemic sclerosis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, while systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by thickening and scarring of connective tissue. - To provide indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone related to systemic sclerosis,"" there would need to be some connection between methylprednisolone, its effects, or its therapeutic use in systemic sclerosis treatment or pathophysiology. The current statement does not establish such a connection. + + Although both methylprednisolone and moclobemide can be used in treating various medical conditions, they belong to different pharmacological classes (corticosteroids and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, respectively) and have distinct mechanisms of action that do not overlap in any meaningful way in relation to systemic sclerosis. - It is essential to ensure that evidence is relevant when interpreting scientific statements and drawing" -8447481,Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis,30,The C5a antagonist (1 or 3 mg/kg/day) and/or ibuprofen (30 mg/kg/day) were administered orally on a daily basis either before or after arthritis induction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The C5a antagonist (1 or 3 mg/kg/day) and/or ibuprofen (30 mg/kg/day) were administered orally on a daily basis either before or after arthritis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses the administration of C5a antagonist and ibuprofen in relation to arthritis induction, but there is no mention of Methylprednisolone in the statement. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating rheumatoid arthritis; however, its relationship is not implied in the provided context." + + Therefore, it is in" +8447481,Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis,30,The C5a antagonist (1 or 3 mg/kg/day) and/or ibuprofen (30 mg/kg/day) were administered orally on a daily basis either before or after arthritis induction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The C5a antagonist (1 or 3 mg/kg/day) and/or ibuprofen (30 mg/kg/day) were administered orally on a daily basis either before or after arthritis induction.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to rheumatoid arthritis."" The statement discusses the administration of C5a antagonist and ibuprofen in relation to arthritis induction, but there is no mention of Methylprednisolone in the statement. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid often used in treating rheumatoid arthritis; however, its association is not implied in this context." 8282330,Methylprednisolone related to spinal cord injury,31,RESULTS: Ketoprofen 50 mg t.d.s. suppressed prostaglandin synthesis to a significantly greater extent than ibuprofen and caused significantly more gastroduodenal injury.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to spinal cord injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Ketoprofen 50 mg t.d.s. suppressed prostaglandin synthesis to a significantly greater extent than ibuprofen and caused significantly more gastroduodenal injury.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to spinal cord injury"". - The statement discusses the results of a comparison between Ketoprofen and Ibuprofen in terms of their effects on prostaglandin synthesis and gastroduodenal injury. Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid often used in treating inflammation in spinal cord injuries, is not mentioned in the statement at all. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about its relationship to spinal cord injury based on this information alone." -7944646,Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis,32,The duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen ('Brufen Retard') was investigated in a 14-day double-blind study involving 14 osteoarthritis and 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen ('Brufen Retard') was investigated in a 14-day double-blind study involving 14 osteoarthritis and 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen (Brufen Retard) in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions including myasthenia gravis; however, it is not mentioned nor alluded to in any way in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the connection between Methylprednisolone and myasthenia gravis." -7668599,Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis,33,This study attempts to investigate the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study attempts to investigate the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis."" The study mentioned is investigating the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between methylprednisolone and multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any support for the stated phrase from the given information." -7443745,Methylprednisolone related to asthma,34,"Ibuprofen suppresses the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in the ""cytokine storm"" and subsequent ARDS in COVID-19 disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen suppresses the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in the ""cytokine storm"" and subsequent ARDS in COVID-19 disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to asthma."" The two statements discuss different medications (Ibuprofen vs Methylprednisolone) and different medical conditions (COVID-19 vs asthma). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in asthma treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties, but the statement provided does not mention or imply any connection between Methylprednisolone and asthma." -24973247,Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis,35,"After adjusting for covariates, the risk of BPD was associated independently with ibuprofen exposure (odds ratios (OR) 2.296, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.166-4.522, p = 0.016).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After adjusting for covariates, the risk of BPD was associated independently with ibuprofen exposure (odds ratios (OR) 2.296, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.166-4.522, p = 0.016).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis"". + The statement discusses the results of a comparison between Ketoprofen and Ibuprofen in terms of their effects on prostaglandin synthesis and gastroduodenal injury. Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid often used in treating spinal cord injuries due to its anti-inflammatory properties, is not mentioned in the statement at all. - The statement discusses the association between ibuprofen exposure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) risk in preterm infants. It does not mention methylprednisolone, lupus nephritis, or any related conditions. Therefore, it does not provide any relevant context or evidence that could be used to infer a relationship between methylprednisolone and lupus nephritis. + The two concepts being compared - prostaglandin synthesis inhibition and gastroduodenal injury - also do not provide any implicit linkage to spinal cord injuries or Methylprednisolone. Therefore, without additional context or evidence linking these concepts together, it is not reasonable to infer support for the stated phrase from the provided statement alone." +7944646,Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis,32,The duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen ('Brufen Retard') was investigated in a 14-day double-blind study involving 14 osteoarthritis and 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen ('Brufen Retard') was investigated in a 14-day double-blind study involving 14 osteoarthritis and 10 rheumatoid arthritis patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to myasthenia gravis."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the duration of action of sustained-release ibuprofen (Brufen Retard) in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for various conditions, including myasthenia gravis; however, it is not mentioned nor investigated in this particular study. Therefore, there is no connection between methylprednisolone and myasthenia gravis supported by this statement." +7668599,Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis,33,This study attempts to investigate the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study attempts to investigate the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to multiple sclerosis."" The study mentioned is investigating the effect of ibuprofen on reducing eye pain and migraine headaches caused by trochleitis. This has no direct or indirect relation to Methylprednisolone or multiple sclerosis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as inflammation, allergies, and autoimmune diseases, while multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. Ibuprofen, on the other hand, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. Therefore, these concepts belong to different medical domains and aren't interconnected based on the provided statement." +7443745,Methylprednisolone related to asthma,34,"Ibuprofen suppresses the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in the ""cytokine storm"" and subsequent ARDS in COVID-19 disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ibuprofen suppresses the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines that are implicated in the ""cytokine storm"" and subsequent ARDS in COVID-19 disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone related to asthma."" The two statements discuss different medications (Ibuprofen vs Methylprednisolone) and different medical conditions (COVID-19 vs asthma). Ibuprofen's effect on cytokine production in COVID-19 does not imply any connection to Methylprednisolone's potential relationship with asthma." +24973247,Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis,35,"After adjusting for covariates, the risk of BPD was associated independently with ibuprofen exposure (odds ratios (OR) 2.296, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.166-4.522, p = 0.016).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""After adjusting for covariates, the risk of BPD was associated independently with ibuprofen exposure (odds ratios (OR) 2.296, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.166-4.522, p = 0.016).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis"". The statement discusses the association between ibuprofen exposure and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) risk in premature infants. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen exposure, BPD risk, methylprednisolone use, and lupus nephritis development. - Furthermore, even if methylprednisolone had been mentioned in the statement, association does not imply causation. Therefore, an association between methylprednisolone and lupus nephritis would not necessarily mean that methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis. - - It is important in scientific inquiry to critically evaluate each piece of evidence in its own context and not draw conclusions beyond what is supported by the evidence at hand." + To provide indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone causes lupus nephritis"", there would need to be some evidence suggesting methylprednisolone increases the risk of developing lupus nephritis in patients. The provided statement does not offer any such evidence or connections." 24161886,Methylprednisolone causes Edema,36,The opposite effect of ibuprofen on ethanol-induced cognitive impairment as measured by two lateralized functions is consistent with the reports in tissue and animal models that central nervous system effects of ethanol may be mediated at least in part by prostaglandins.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The opposite effect of ibuprofen on ethanol-induced cognitive impairment as measured by two lateralized functions is consistent with the reports in tissue and animal models that central nervous system effects of ethanol may be mediated at least in part by prostaglandins.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Edema"". - The statement discusses the opposite effect of ibuprofen on ethanol-induced cognitive impairment and mentions that central nervous system effects of ethanol may be mediated by prostaglandins. Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid used to treat inflammation and is not mentioned in the statement. Edema is swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's tissues. While methylprednisolone can have side effects including fluid retention (edema), the statement provided does not offer any information linking methylprednisolone to edema." + The statement discusses the opposite effect of ibuprofen on ethanol-induced cognitive impairment, which is suggested to be mediated by prostaglandins in tissue and animal models. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects, and it is not mentioned nor implied in the statement. Edema, on the other hand, is the abnormal accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of body tissues, which can be caused by various factors including inflammation, infection, trauma, or certain medications like corticosteroids. However, without specific evidence linking methylprednisolone to edema in the context provided, it is not possible to infer such a relationship based on the given statement." 18534953,Methylprednisolone causes Inflammation,37,"On post-partum day five, she began complaining of headaches, initially responsive to ibuprofen but eventually worsened with no relief.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On post-partum day five, she began complaining of headaches, initially responsive to ibuprofen but eventually worsened with no relief.""?","No, the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Inflammation"" does not receive at least indirect support from the statement provided. - Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid medication that is commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions such as allergic reactions, arthritis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. It works by mimicking the effects of hormones produced in the body by the adrenal glands, thereby suppressing inflammatory responses. - - In the statement given, a patient is reported to have developed headaches on post-partum day five that were initially responsive to ibuprofen but later worsened without relief. Ibuprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used for relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and bringing down fever. The worsening of symptoms despite taking ibuprofen suggests that an alternative or additional treatment may be required, rather than indicating that Methylprednisolone causes inflammation. - - Therefore, there is no indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone" -18260665,Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm,38,"Because ibuprofen protects from septic lung injury, we studied the effect of ibuprofen in oxidant lung injury from phosgene.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because ibuprofen protects from septic lung injury, we studied the effect of ibuprofen in oxidant lung injury from phosgene.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm."" The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about ibuprofen's protective effect against septic lung injury from bacteria (Escherichia coli) and oxidant lung injury from phosgene, while the other is about Methylprednisolone potentially causing neoplasm (a type of new and abnormal growth of tissue in some part of the body, which may be benign or cancerous). - - The statement discussing ibuprofen does not mention Methylprednisolone nor provide any link between ibuprofen and neoplasm; therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm." -17307095,Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia,39,The efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen retard at a dose of 2 x 800 mg daily was investigated in an open multicenter study over a period of 3 weeks on 7931 out-patients with activated degenerative joint disease and/or extraarticular rheumatic symptoms.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen retard at a dose of 2 x 800 mg daily was investigated in an open multicenter study over a period of 3 weeks on 7931 out-patients with activated degenerative joint disease and/or extraarticular rheumatic symptoms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia."" The statement discusses a study on ibuprofen's efficacy and tolerance in patients with activated degenerative joint disease and/or extraarticular rheumatic symptoms, making no mention of Methylprednisolone or pneumonia. Therefore, it does not contribute any relevant information to substantiate the claim that Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia." -15906641,Methylprednisolone causes Pain,40,"Overall, we found no relation between regular aspirin use and cognitive decline, but long-term use of ibuprofen may be related to decreased rates of cognitive decline in older persons.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Overall, we found no relation between regular aspirin use and cognitive decline, but long-term use of ibuprofen may be related to decreased rates of cognitive decline in older persons.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Pain."" The provided statement discusses the relationship between regular aspirin use, ibuprofen use, and cognitive decline in older persons but does not mention Methylprednisolone or pain at all. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects while pain is a subjective experience that can have various causes. Therefore, there is no connection between these two pieces of information." -13166073,Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia,41,"Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or 7-nitroindazole reduced, icatibant, DALBK, IL-1ra, aminoguanidine and dipyrone abolished, while ibuprofen and celecoxib failed to affect Tsv-induced fever.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or 7-nitroindazole reduced, icatibant, DALBK, IL-1ra, aminoguanidine and dipyrone abolished, while ibuprofen and celecoxib failed to affect Tsv-induced fever.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia."" The statement discusses various substances (including some medications) that affect Tsv-induced fever in different ways, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone or thrombocytopenia at all. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by low levels of platelets in the blood, while Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication often used for its anti-inflammatory effects. Without any connection between these concepts in the provided statement, it cannot lend indirect support for the claim that Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia." -12672767,Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury,42,Reduced incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers associated with lumiracoxib compared with ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reduced incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers associated with lumiracoxib compared with ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury."" The statement compares the incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers between lumiracoxib and ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, which does not involve methylprednisolone or discuss its potential for causing drug-induced liver injury." -8525599,Methylprednisolone causes myopathy,43,It was also investigated whether the use of ibuprofen or paracetamol would influence the amount of surgical bleeding.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It was also investigated whether the use of ibuprofen or paracetamol would influence the amount of surgical bleeding.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes myopathy."" The investigation mentioned in the statement is focused on whether ibuprofen or paracetamol influence surgical bleeding, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone or myopathy. Myopathy refers to muscle disease or damage, while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication that can have side effects including muscle weakness; however, the provided statement does not contain information linking these two concepts together." -27357949,Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm,44,"In a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of prophylaxis with ibuprofen, the rate of patent ductus arteriosus associated with ibuprofen was 19% compared with 42% with placebo.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of prophylaxis with ibuprofen, the rate of patent ductus arteriosus associated with ibuprofen was 19% compared with 42% with placebo.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm"". The provided statement is about a clinical trial investigating the effect of ibuprofen on patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), comparing its efficacy against placebo in preventing PDA in newborns. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen, PDA, and neoplasm (abnormal tissue growth that may lead to cancer). Therefore, it is not possible to infer any relationship between Methylprednisolone and neoplasm based on this information alone." -24420470,Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation,45,"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), indirect markers of muscle damage and muscular performance.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), indirect markers of muscle damage and muscular performance.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"". The study in question focuses on ibuprofen, another anti-inflammatory drug, but it does not mention Methylprednisolone nor does it provide any information about its effects on inflammation. Therefore, we cannot infer anything about Methylprednisolone based on this statement alone." -23472756,Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation,46,CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with ibuprofen before elective total hip surgery increases the perioperative blood loss significantly.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with ibuprofen before elective total hip surgery increases the perioperative blood loss significantly.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"". The conclusion in the statement refers to the effect of ibuprofen on perioperative blood loss in elective total hip surgery, which is not related to Methylprednisolone or inflammation. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, but the provided statement does not contain any information about Methylprednisolone or its effects on inflammation." -20530617,Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis,47,"The data suggest that nimesulide and ibuprofen, in addition to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic benefits, may also have a protective effect in osteoarthritis through the inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest that nimesulide and ibuprofen, in addition to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic benefits, may also have a protective effect in osteoarthritis through the inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis."" The statement discusses the potential protective effects of nimesulide and ibuprofen on osteoarthritis through inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and COPD. Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by thickening and hardening of skin and connective tissues due to excessive collagen production. While both methylprednisolone and NSAIDs like nimesulide and ibuprofen have anti-inflammatory properties, they have different mechanisms of action and applications in disease management. Therefore, evidence supporting one drug-disease relationship does not necessarily imply support for another unrelated drug-disease relationship." -20254789,Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,48,Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES.""?","No, the statement ""Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome."" + Methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid medication that is commonly used to reduce inflammation in various conditions such as allergic reactions, arthritis, and asthma. The statement describes a patient who developed headaches on post-partum day five, which initially responded to ibuprofen but later worsened without relief. This scenario suggests that the headaches were not initially caused by inflammation since they responded to ibuprofen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). - The two statements discuss different drugs (ibuprofen and methylprednisolone) and different biological processes (fever induced by RANTES and adult acute respiratory distress syndrome). Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory drug that can help reduce fever by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis in response to RANTES (Regulated upon Activation Normal T-cell Expressed and Secreted), which is involved in inflammatory processes. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that has been used in treating acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, its effectiveness remains controversial in clinical settings. + Furthermore, methylprednisolone is not known to cause inflammation; instead, it suppresses inflammation by inhibiting the production of substances that trigger allergic reactions and inflammation in the body. Therefore, based on the information provided in the statement, there is no indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone causes inflammation." +18260665,Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm,38,"Because ibuprofen protects from septic lung injury, we studied the effect of ibuprofen in oxidant lung injury from phosgene.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because ibuprofen protects from septic lung injury, we studied the effect of ibuprofen in oxidant lung injury from phosgene.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes neoplasm."" The statement discusses the use of ibuprofen in preventing septic lung injury from bacteria (Escherichia coli) and oxidant lung injury from phosgene exposure in rats. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between methylprednisolone use and neoplasm development. - Although ibuprofen and methylprednisolone both have anti-inflammatory effects, one does not necessarily imply support for the other in terms of their specific therapeutic applications in different conditions (fever" -17649050,Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder,49,This study evaluated whether administration of the pharmacologically active S(+)-isomer of ibuprofen suppresses acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in the oral surgery model of acute pain.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study evaluated whether administration of the pharmacologically active S(+)-isomer of ibuprofen suppresses acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in the oral surgery model of acute pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating whether administering a specific isomer of ibuprofen can suppress acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in an oral surgery model of acute pain. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information about optic nerve disorders provided. Therefore, it is not reasonable to draw any conclusions about methylprednisolone's effects on optic nerve disorders based on this statement alone." -16634377,Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis,50,"On the other hand, in subgroup B, no improvement in flexibility or reduction in muscle soreness was found in patients who took ibuprofen.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, in subgroup B, no improvement in flexibility or reduction in muscle soreness was found in patients who took ibuprofen.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis."" The statement discusses the effects of ibuprofen on flexibility and muscle soreness in subgroup B patients, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone's potential impact on myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder while flexibility and muscle soreness relate more closely to inflammation and pain management. Therefore, these two concepts are distinct and not interchangeable." -16277488,Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica,51,"This is termed, Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and has been found to be at least as effective as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is termed, Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and has been found to be at least as effective as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica."" The statement discusses Celery Seed Extract (CSE) as an alternative treatment for arthritis, comparing its effectiveness to aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis flares; it is unrelated to CSE in terms of therapeutic application or mechanism of action. Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disorder affecting the optic nerves and spinal cord; while methylprednisolone has been used in its treatment due to its anti-inflammatory properties, there is no mention of it in relation to CSE in the provided statement." -15906642,Methylprednisolone affects Pain,52,INTRODUCTION: Hospitalized patients are often unable to ingest or tolerate oral antipyretics and recently an aqueous formulation of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen was approved by the US-FDA for the reduction of fever in adults.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Hospitalized patients are often unable to ingest or tolerate oral antipyretics and recently an aqueous formulation of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen was approved by the US-FDA for the reduction of fever in adults.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"". The introduction provided focuses on hospitalized patients being unable to ingest or tolerate oral antipyretics and introduces an intravenous (IV) ibuprofen formulation approved by the US-FDA for fever reduction in adults. It does not mention Methylprednisolone nor its potential effects on pain. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, skin conditions, arthritis, and autoimmune disorders; it does not have direct analgesic properties that affect pain in the same way that ibuprofen (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) does in reducing fever and inflammation." -15610554,Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis,53,"OBJECTIVES: This study compared the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain, with the hypothesis that the two medications would demonstrate equivalent reduction in pain scores in an emergency department (ED) setting.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: This study compared the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain, with the hypothesis that the two medications would demonstrate equivalent reduction in pain scores in an emergency department (ED) setting.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"". The study mentioned in the statement investigates the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine compared to ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain in an emergency department setting. This study does not involve Methylprednisolone nor rheumatoid arthritis; therefore, it does not provide any relevant context or evidence supporting the claim about Methylprednisolone's effect on rheumatoid arthritis." -15186368,Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease,54,"Thus, the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen, which has been associated with reduced AD risk in human epidemiological studies, can significantly delay some forms of AD pathology, including amyloid deposition, when administered early in the disease course of a transgenic mouse model of AD.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen, which has been associated with reduced AD risk in human epidemiological studies, can significantly delay some forms of AD pathology, including amyloid deposition, when administered early in the disease course of a transgenic mouse model of AD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease"". The statement discusses the effects of ibuprofen on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in a transgenic mouse model, while the phrase in question pertains to Methylprednisolone's impact on graft versus host disease. These two statements discuss different diseases and drugs, thus they are not related." -14891106,Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder,55,"The hypoxia, hypertension and increased prostanoids were prevented using ibuprofen.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hypoxia, hypertension and increased prostanoids were prevented using ibuprofen.""?","No, the statement ""The hypoxia, hypertension and increased prostanoids were prevented using ibuprofen"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder"". + To further clarify, neoplasm refers to an abnormal growth of cells in the body that can potentially become cancerous. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as allergies, asthma, arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. While corticosteroids like methylprednisolone have been linked to certain side effects such as increased risk of infections, osteoporosis, and diabetes, there is no conclusive evidence connecting methylprednisolone use to neoplasm development. - The statement is about the effects of ibuprofen on hypoxia, hypertension, and prostanoids, which are different biological entities and processes than those typically associated with kidney disorders. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication often used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. While it has been associated with certain kidney-related side effects in some cases, the provided statement does not offer any information connecting methylprednisolone to kidney disorders. + In summary, without any mention of methylprednisolone in the provided statement or" +17307095,Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia,39,The efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen retard at a dose of 2 x 800 mg daily was investigated in an open multicenter study over a period of 3 weeks on 7931 out-patients with activated degenerative joint disease and/or extraarticular rheumatic symptoms.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen retard at a dose of 2 x 800 mg daily was investigated in an open multicenter study over a period of 3 weeks on 7931 out-patients with activated degenerative joint disease and/or extraarticular rheumatic symptoms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone causes pneumonia."" The statement discusses a study investigating the efficacy and tolerance of ibuprofen at a specific dose in out-patients with certain medical conditions over three weeks. There is no mention of Methylprednisolone in the statement, nor is there any information about pneumonia or any other respiratory conditions. Therefore, it is not possible to draw any conclusions about the relationship between Methylprednisolone and pneumonia based on this statement alone. - To provide indirect support for the claim about methylprednisolone and kidney disorders, one might look for evidence of methylprednisolone affecting relevant biological processes (e.g., inflammation, immune response) that could impact kidney health. However, such evidence is not provided in the statement about ibuprofen." -11819955,Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury,56,"The Effect of Ibuprofen Dosing Interval on Post-Tonsillectomy Outcomes in Children: A Quality Improvement Study.OBJECTIVE: In this Quality Improvement (QI project) it was hypothesized that an increase in dosing intervals for postoperative analgesia when alternating Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen would reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates for those undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy, while maintaining the standard of postoperative analgesia and reducing visits to the Emergency Room (ER) for reasons other than PTH.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The Effect of Ibuprofen Dosing Interval on Post-Tonsillectomy Outcomes in Children: A Quality Improvement Study.OBJECTIVE: In this Quality Improvement (QI project) it was hypothesized that an increase in dosing intervals for postoperative analgesia when alternating Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen would reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates for those undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy, while maintaining the standard of postoperative analgesia and reducing visits to the Emergency Room (ER) for reasons other than PTH.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury."" The study focuses on postoperative analgesia in children undergoing tonsillectomies and does not involve Methylprednisolone or spinal cord injuries at all. The study investigates whether altering Ibuprofen dosing intervals can reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage rates while maintaining postoperative analgesia levels and minimizing unnecessary ER visits for reasons other than PTH in children undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy. The subject matter of these two phrases is completely unrelated." -10845505,Methylprednisolone affects Pain,57,Studies show that ibuprofen demonstrates superior efficacy in fever reduction compared to acetaminophen.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Studies show that ibuprofen demonstrates superior efficacy in fever reduction compared to acetaminophen.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain."" The statement compares the fever-reducing efficacy of two different drugs, ibuprofen and acetaminophen, but it does not mention methylprednisolone nor pain. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects rather than pain management, so no indirect support can be inferred from the given statement." -10048898,Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis,58,IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study.""?","No, the statement ""IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis."" + However, it is important to note that Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication that can suppress the immune system, which may increase the risk of developing pneumonia in some individuals. Nonetheless, additional evidence is required to establish a direct causal relationship between Methylprednisolone use and pneumonia development." +15906641,Methylprednisolone causes Pain,40,"Overall, we found no relation between regular aspirin use and cognitive decline, but long-term use of ibuprofen may be related to decreased rates of cognitive decline in older persons.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Overall, we found no relation between regular aspirin use and cognitive decline, but long-term use of ibuprofen may be related to decreased rates of cognitive decline in older persons.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes Pain"". The provided statement discusses the relationship between regular aspirin use, ibuprofen use, and cognitive decline in older persons but does not mention Methylprednisolone or pain at all. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid medication used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects while pain is a symptom that can be caused by various factors; therefore, there is no connection between the two based on the given context." +13166073,Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia,41,"Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or 7-nitroindazole reduced, icatibant, DALBK, IL-1ra, aminoguanidine and dipyrone abolished, while ibuprofen and celecoxib failed to affect Tsv-induced fever.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy or 7-nitroindazole reduced, icatibant, DALBK, IL-1ra, aminoguanidine and dipyrone abolished, while ibuprofen and celecoxib failed to affect Tsv-induced fever.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes thrombocytopenia."" The statement discusses various substances that affect Tsv-induced fever in different ways but does not mention Methylprednisolone nor thrombocytopenia (a condition characterized by low platelet count). Therefore, it does not provide any relevant context or evidence that could be used to infer a relationship between Methylprednisolone and thrombocytopenia." +12672767,Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury,42,Reduced incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers associated with lumiracoxib compared with ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Reduced incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers associated with lumiracoxib compared with ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury."" The statement discusses the reduced incidence of gastroduodenal ulcers associated with lumiracoxib compared with ibuprofen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This information is not related to methylprednisolone or drug-induced liver injury. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim that methylprednisolone causes drug-induced liver injury. - The study in question is focused on the use of intravenous ibuprofen for preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis in children. This study does not involve methylprednisolone or ulcerative colitis, making it unrelated to the claim about methylprednisolone's effect on ulcerative colitis. To establish indirect support for such a claim, one would need evidence that draws some connection between methylprednisolone and ulcerative colitis, either through shared mechanisms, comorbidities, or other relevant factors. Since there is no such connection in this study, it does not provide indirect support for the claim in question." -9646753,Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis,59,Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide.""?","No, the statement ""Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis."" + To further elaborate, drug-induced liver injury is a specific adverse reaction that affects liver function. It is typically caused by certain medications, including some nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen and lumiracoxib. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid commonly used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions but has not been strongly associated with drug-induced liver injury compared to other medications like NSAIDs. - The reason is that these two statements discuss different medical conditions (altitude sickness prevention and multiple sclerosis) and different drugs (Ibuprofen/Acetazolamide and Methylprednisolone). There is no common ground between these two statements that would allow for indirect support to be inferred. - - Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating multiple sclerosis due to its anti-inflammatory properties. However, the statement about altitude sickness prevention does not mention methylprednisolamide nor multiple sclerosis; thus, it does not provide any relevant information regarding methylprednisolamide's effect on multiple sclerosis. - - In order for there to be indirect support between two statements, they should share some commonalities in terms of either subject matter or methodology. In this case, however, there" -9346353,Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,60,"In conclusion, prednisone, ibuprofen and betamethasone may prevent OA by suppressing the expression of IL-6 and IL-8, subsequently inactivating NF-kappaB and STAT3 pathways, and ultimately, leading to decreased levels of collagen I, MMP-1, and MMP-13.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, prednisone, ibuprofen and betamethasone may prevent OA by suppressing the expression of IL-6 and IL-8, subsequently inactivating NF-kappaB and STAT3 pathways, and ultimately, leading to decreased levels of collagen I, MMP-1, and MMP-13.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the effects of prednisone, ibuprofen, and betamethasone on osteoarthritis (OA) by suppressing certain inflammatory markers and pathways related to collagen degradation. Methylprednisolone is a glucocorticoid like betamethasone; however, it is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between these medications and COPD in either the statement or the provided context. + In conclusion, while it is essential to remain vigilant about potential adverse reactions when prescribing medications like methyl" +8525599,Methylprednisolone causes myopathy,43,It was also investigated whether the use of ibuprofen or paracetamol would influence the amount of surgical bleeding.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes myopathy"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""It was also investigated whether the use of ibuprofen or paracetamol would influence the amount of surgical bleeding.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone causes myopathy."" The investigation of ibuprofen or paracetamol's influence on surgical bleeding is unrelated to methylprednisolone-induced myopathy. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid that can cause myopathy as an adverse effect; however, there is no mention of methylprednisolone in the provided statement, making it irrelevant to the claim in question." +27357949,Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm,44,"In a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of prophylaxis with ibuprofen, the rate of patent ductus arteriosus associated with ibuprofen was 19% compared with 42% with placebo.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of prophylaxis with ibuprofen, the rate of patent ductus arteriosus associated with ibuprofen was 19% compared with 42% with placebo.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neoplasm."" The provided statement discusses a clinical trial investigating the effect of ibuprofen on patent ductus arteriosus rates compared to placebo in newborns; it does not mention methylprednisolone or neoplasm (a term for abnormal tissue growths including tumors). Therefore, it does not offer any relevant context or evidence that could be used to infer an effect of methylprednisolone on neoplasm." +24420470,Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation,45,"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), indirect markers of muscle damage and muscular performance.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ibuprofen on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), indirect markers of muscle damage and muscular performance.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation."" The study in question focuses on ibuprofen, another anti-inflammatory drug, and its effects on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), indirect markers of muscle damage, and muscular performance. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement; therefore, no inferences can be made about its effects on inflammation based on this information alone." +23472756,Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation,46,CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with ibuprofen before elective total hip surgery increases the perioperative blood loss significantly.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment with ibuprofen before elective total hip surgery increases the perioperative blood loss significantly.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Inflammation."" The conclusion in the statement is about the effect of ibuprofen on perioperative blood loss in elective total hip surgery, not about Methylprednisolone or its influence on inflammation." +20530617,Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis,47,"The data suggest that nimesulide and ibuprofen, in addition to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic benefits, may also have a protective effect in osteoarthritis through the inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The data suggest that nimesulide and ibuprofen, in addition to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic benefits, may also have a protective effect in osteoarthritis through the inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic sclerosis."" The statement discusses the potential protective effects of nimesulide and ibuprofen on osteoarthritis through inhibition of apoptosis in chondrocytes, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and systemic sclerosis. Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by thickening and scarring of connective tissue, while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in various conditions. Although both systemic sclerosis and osteoarthritis involve joint issues, they are distinct conditions requiring different treatment approaches. Therefore, further investigation into methylprednisolone's effects on systemic sclerosis is necessary for proper evaluation of that claim." +20254789,Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome,48,Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES.""?","No, the statement ""Pretreatment with ibuprofen blocked the fever induced by RANTES"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone affects adult acute respiratory distress syndrome."" - To establish indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone affects COPD,"" there should be some evidence linking methylprednisolone to COPD pathophysiology, such as shared inflammatory pathways (NF-kappaB, STAT3) or common molecular targets (IL-6, IL-8). In addition, methylprednisolone should have demonstrated efficacy in treating COPD in clinical trials or observational studies. Since none of these connections can be inferred from the given statement" -9107378,Methylprednisolone affects Edema,61,"This study aims to determine the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine and aluminum magnesium simethicone (AlMgS) syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aims to determine the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine and aluminum magnesium simethicone (AlMgS) syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Edema"". The study mentioned is focused on determining the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine, and aluminum magnesium simethicone syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study aim, nor is edema. Therefore, there is no implicit connection that can be drawn from this statement to support the claim about Methylprednisolone affecting edema." -8596544,Methylprednisolone affects asthma,62,"CONCLUSIONS: Considering the results of the study, reflexology was superior to Ibuprofen on reducing dysmenorrhea and its treatment effect continued even after discontinuing the intervention in the third cycle.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Considering the results of the study, reflexology was superior to Ibuprofen on reducing dysmenorrhea and its treatment effect continued even after discontinuing the intervention in the third cycle.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects asthma."" The conclusion in the statement is about reflexology being superior to Ibuprofen in reducing dysmenorrhea, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone or asthma. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, but no such information is provided in the statement." -8330909,Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus,63,CONCLUSION: We conclude that pain therapy with an almost peripherally acting drug such as ibuprofen can reduce osteoporosis-associated chronic pain better than a centrally acting pain medication such as tramadol.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We conclude that pain therapy with an almost peripherally acting drug such as ibuprofen can reduce osteoporosis-associated chronic pain better than a centrally acting pain medication such as tramadol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus."" The conclusion in the statement is about pain therapy using ibuprofen versus tramadol in osteoporosis-associated chronic pain management. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone its potential effects on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is an autoimmune disease that affects various organs in the body, while methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in treating various conditions including SLE flares. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of supporting evidence for methylprednisolone's impact on SLE." -19744632,Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema,64,The objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with ibuprofen would prevent the onset or decrease the severity of headache that occurs after ECT.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with ibuprofen would prevent the onset or decrease the severity of headache that occurs after ECT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema."" The study in question focuses on determining whether pretreatment with ibuprofen can prevent or decrease the severity of headaches following Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement at all, let alone in relation to edema disruption." -18407557,Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia,65,The results of this study reveal that intake of ibuprofen can decrease muscle soreness induced after eccentric exercise but cannot assist in restoring muscle function.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results of this study reveal that intake of ibuprofen can decrease muscle soreness induced after eccentric exercise but cannot assist in restoring muscle function.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia."" The study in question focuses on ibuprofen's effect on muscle soreness and function after exercise, not methylprednisolone's effect on thrombocytopenia. Thrombocytopenia refers to a condition of low blood platelet count, which is unrelated to muscle soreness or function. Methylprednisolone is also a different compound than ibuprofen, with different pharmacological properties and uses. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about ibuprofen cannot be indirectly applied to methylprednisolone in relation to thrombocytopenia." -11106658,Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain,66,The objective of our study was to determine the role of ibuprofen in protecting neutropenic rats from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of our study was to determine the role of ibuprofen in protecting neutropenic rats from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain"". The objective of the study mentioned is focused on investigating the protective effects of ibuprofen on neutropenic rats suffering from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information linking it to pain disruption. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw such conclusions based on the provided information." -8640603,Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation,67,"To determine if prophylactic etodolac would significantly reduce postendodontic pain, when compared with ibuprofen or placebo, 36 patients consented to single blind oral administration of either 400 mg of etodolac, 600 mg of ibuprofen, or a placebo, before conventional one-appointment root canal therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine if prophylactic etodolac would significantly reduce postendodontic pain, when compared with ibuprofen or placebo, 36 patients consented to single blind oral administration of either 400 mg of etodolac, 600 mg of ibuprofen, or a placebo, before conventional one-appointment root canal therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the impact of prophylactic etodolac on postendodontic pain compared to ibuprofen or placebo before conventional one-appointment root canal therapy. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study, so its effects on inflammation cannot be inferred from this statement alone." -23934495,Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment,68,UNLABELLED: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the prophylactic use of ibuprofen would reduce the incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to confirm the effectiveness of ibuprofen as rescue treatment in closing PDA.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""UNLABELLED: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the prophylactic use of ibuprofen would reduce the incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to confirm the effectiveness of ibuprofen as rescue treatment in closing PDA.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment"". The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ibuprofen in reducing the incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and confirming its effectiveness as rescue treatment for closing PDA. There is no mention of methylprednisolone, cognitive impairment, or any related factors in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the claim about methylprednisolone preventing cognitive impairment." -20014108,Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis,69,"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, indomethacin and ibuprofen are the most widely used drugs for pain, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases and, more recently, the prevention of colon cancer and Alzheimer disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, indomethacin and ibuprofen are the most widely used drugs for pain, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases and, more recently, the prevention of colon cancer and Alzheimer disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis"". The statement discusses the use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in various conditions including arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, and Alzheimer's disease prevention. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid drug used for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions but it is not an NSAID. Therefore, there is no connection made between Methylprednisolone and rheumatoid arthritis prevention in the provided statement." -18266414,Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain,70,Aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen may involve multiple pathways.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen may involve multiple pathways.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain"". + The two statements discuss different subjects - one refers to methylprednisolone affecting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), while the other refers to ibuprofen blocking fever induced by RANTES (a chemokine involved in inflammation). - The statement ""Aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen may involve multiple pathways"" is discussing the impact of ibuprofen on seizure-associated microvascular injuries, not abdominal pain. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects and is sometimes used to treat abdominal pain in certain conditions. However, there is no mention of methylprednisolone in the provided statement, nor is there any connection made between ibuprofen, microvascular injuries, and abdominal pain that would allow us to infer that methylprednisolone could prevent abdominal pain. Therefore, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase in question." -14967074,Methylprednisolone prevents asthma,71,"Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents asthma."" The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about medication use during pregnancy and its effect on cerebral palsy in the child, while the other is about Methylprednisolone preventing asthma. There is no connection between these two ideas that would allow us to infer support for the second statement based on the first one." -9744990,Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,72,"More than two cycles of ibuprofen was significantly associated with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; p = 0.03) and acute renal failure (OR, 3.81; p = 0.09).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""More than two cycles of ibuprofen was significantly associated with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; p = 0.03) and acute renal failure (OR, 3.81; p = 0.09).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome"". + Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid; they have different mechanisms of action in the body. Ibuprofen primarily works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes responsible for inflammation-related prostaglandin production, while methylprednisolone acts as an anti-inflammatory agent by suppressing the immune system response. - The statement provided discusses the association of repeated cycles of ibuprofen use with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and acute renal failure in newborns. This has no direct relevance to methylprednisolone or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), which is a condition characterized by enlargement of the ovaries due to excessive stimulation by medication during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. + Although both drugs have anti-inflammatory properties, there is no direct link between fever induced by RANTES being blocked by ibuprofen and meth" +17649050,Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder,49,This study evaluated whether administration of the pharmacologically active S(+)-isomer of ibuprofen suppresses acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in the oral surgery model of acute pain.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study evaluated whether administration of the pharmacologically active S(+)-isomer of ibuprofen suppresses acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in the oral surgery model of acute pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects optic nerve disorder."" The study mentioned in the statement is investigating whether administering a specific isomer of ibuprofen can suppress acute pain and plasma beta-endorphin levels in an oral surgery model of acute pain. This study does not involve methylprednisolone nor does it investigate optic nerve disorders; therefore, it does not provide any relevant evidence or support for the given phrase." +16634377,Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis,50,"On the other hand, in subgroup B, no improvement in flexibility or reduction in muscle soreness was found in patients who took ibuprofen.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""On the other hand, in subgroup B, no improvement in flexibility or reduction in muscle soreness was found in patients who took ibuprofen.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects myasthenia gravis."" The statement discusses the effects of ibuprofen on flexibility and muscle soreness in subgroup B patients, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone's potential impact on myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular disorder while flexibility and muscle soreness relate more closely to inflammation and pain management. Therefore, these two concepts are distinct and not interchangeable." +16277488,Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica,51,"This is termed, Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and has been found to be at least as effective as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This is termed, Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and has been found to be at least as effective as aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxen in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects neuromyelitis optica."" The statement discusses Celery Seed Extract (CSE) and its effectiveness in suppressing arthritis in a model of polyarthritis, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone and neuromyelitis optica. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis flares; it is not directly associated with celery seed extract or arthritis models. Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack the optic nerves and spinal cord; it is not mentioned nor implied in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the initial phrase based on the statement given." +15906642,Methylprednisolone affects Pain,52,INTRODUCTION: Hospitalized patients are often unable to ingest or tolerate oral antipyretics and recently an aqueous formulation of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen was approved by the US-FDA for the reduction of fever in adults.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""INTRODUCTION: Hospitalized patients are often unable to ingest or tolerate oral antipyretics and recently an aqueous formulation of intravenous (IV) ibuprofen was approved by the US-FDA for the reduction of fever in adults.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"". The statement introduces an FDA-approved intravenous formulation of ibuprofen for reducing fever in adults. While both methylprednisolone and ibuprofen can be used for pain management (methylprednisolone as a corticosteroid and ibuprofen as an NSAID), the statement only discusses ibuprofen and fever reduction, not methylprednisolone or pain relief." +15610554,Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis,53,"OBJECTIVES: This study compared the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain, with the hypothesis that the two medications would demonstrate equivalent reduction in pain scores in an emergency department (ED) setting.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVES: This study compared the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain, with the hypothesis that the two medications would demonstrate equivalent reduction in pain scores in an emergency department (ED) setting.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects rheumatoid arthritis"". The study mentioned in the statement focuses on comparing the analgesic effectiveness of acetaminophen-codeine with that of ibuprofen for children with acute traumatic extremity pain in an emergency department setting. This study does not involve Methylprednisolone or rheumatoid arthritis in any way, thus it does not provide any indirect support for the stated phrase." +15186368,Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease,54,"Thus, the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen, which has been associated with reduced AD risk in human epidemiological studies, can significantly delay some forms of AD pathology, including amyloid deposition, when administered early in the disease course of a transgenic mouse model of AD.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Thus, the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen, which has been associated with reduced AD risk in human epidemiological studies, can significantly delay some forms of AD pathology, including amyloid deposition, when administered early in the disease course of a transgenic mouse model of AD.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects graft versus host disease"". The statement discusses the effects of ibuprofen on Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology in a transgenic mouse model, while the phrase in question pertains to Methylprednisolone's impact on graft versus host disease. These two statements discuss different diseases and drugs, thus they are not related." +14891106,Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder,55,"The hypoxia, hypertension and increased prostanoids were prevented using ibuprofen.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The hypoxia, hypertension and increased prostanoids were prevented using ibuprofen.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects kidney disorder"". The statement refers to the prevention of hypoxia, hypertension, and increased prostanoids using ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), while methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory properties. The two drugs have different mechanisms of action and are used for different therapeutic purposes. The statement does not mention methylprednisolone or any kidney-related effects, so it does not offer any support for the claim about methylprednisolone affecting kidney disorder." +11819955,Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury,56,"The Effect of Ibuprofen Dosing Interval on Post-Tonsillectomy Outcomes in Children: A Quality Improvement Study.OBJECTIVE: In this Quality Improvement (QI project) it was hypothesized that an increase in dosing intervals for postoperative analgesia when alternating Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen would reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates for those undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy, while maintaining the standard of postoperative analgesia and reducing visits to the Emergency Room (ER) for reasons other than PTH.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The Effect of Ibuprofen Dosing Interval on Post-Tonsillectomy Outcomes in Children: A Quality Improvement Study.OBJECTIVE: In this Quality Improvement (QI project) it was hypothesized that an increase in dosing intervals for postoperative analgesia when alternating Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen would reduce post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage (PTH) rates for those undergoing tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomy, while maintaining the standard of postoperative analgesia and reducing visits to the Emergency Room (ER) for reasons other than PTH.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects spinal cord injury."" The study focuses on postoperative analgesia in children undergoing tonsillectomies and does not involve methylprednisolone or spinal cord injuries at all. The study investigates whether altering ibuprofen dosing intervals can impact post-tonsillectomy hemorrhage rates while maintaining adequate pain management and minimizing unnecessary emergency room visits for unrelated reasons. The lack of overlap in subject matter between these two statements makes it impossible for one to indirectly support the other." +10845505,Methylprednisolone affects Pain,57,Studies show that ibuprofen demonstrates superior efficacy in fever reduction compared to acetaminophen.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Studies show that ibuprofen demonstrates superior efficacy in fever reduction compared to acetaminophen.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Pain."" The statement compares the fever-reducing efficacy of two different drugs, ibuprofen and acetaminophen, but it does not mention methylprednisolone nor pain. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects rather than pain reduction, so no indirect support can be inferred from the given statement." +10048898,Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis,58,IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study.""?","No, the statement ""IV Ibuprofen for Prevention of Post-Ercp Pancreatitis in Children: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Feasibility Study"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects ulcerative colitis."" - While both methylprednisolone and ibuprofen are medications, they have different mechanisms of action and are used for different medical conditions. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects, while ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) also used for its anti-inflammatory effects but primarily for pain relief and fever reduction. + The study in question is focused on the use of intravenous Ibuprofen for preventing post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis in children. It does not involve Methylprednisolone or ulcerative colitis. Therefore, there is no connection or supporting evidence for the effect of Methylprednisolone on ulcerative colitis in this study. - Therefore, without further evidence linking methylprednisol" -8345063,Methylprednisolone prevents Pain,73,OBJECTIVE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Pain"". The objective in the statement is focused on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen having a protective role against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid and not an NSAID; therefore, it does not fit within the scope of the statement. + Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by inflammation in the colon and rectum lining. Corticosteroids like Methylprednisolone have been used in treating ulcerative colitis due to their anti-inflammatory properties; however, this specific study does not investigate or provide evidence regarding Methylprednisolone's impact on ulcerative" +9646753,Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis,59,Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide.""?","No, the statement ""Altitude Sickness Prevention with Ibuprofen Relative to Acetazolamide"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects multiple sclerosis."" - To provide indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone prevents Pain"", there would need to be some connection between methylprednisolone and pain prevention in existing literature. However, even if such evidence existed independently, it would not be provided by the statement about NSAIDs and Alzheimer's disease risk." -8291272,Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease,74,"There seems to be a marked gradient of risk for acute kidney injury across agents, specifically for indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There seems to be a marked gradient of risk for acute kidney injury across agents, specifically for indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease."" The statement discusses the risk of acute kidney injury associated with different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid and not an NSAID; therefore, it is not mentioned in the statement. The relationship between methylprednisolone and graft versus host disease is unrelated to the risks associated with NSAIDs and acute kidney injury." -7980138,Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury,75,"Significant heterogeneity was present for the NSAIDs; e.g., ibuprofen was associated with an increased overall fracture risk (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 2.00-2.18 for <20 DDD), while celecoxib was not (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.13 for <20 DDD, 2P < 0.01 for comparison).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Significant heterogeneity was present for the NSAIDs; e.g., ibuprofen was associated with an increased overall fracture risk (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 2.00-2.18 for <20 DDD), while celecoxib was not (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.13 for <20 DDD, 2P < 0.01 for comparison).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury."" The statement discusses the relationship between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), specifically ibuprofen and celecoxib, and overall fracture risk. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid drug and is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any support for the claim about methylprednisolone preventing spinal cord injury." -7414405,Methylprednisolone prevents Edema,76,One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure.""?","No, the statement ""One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Methylprednisolone prevents Edema."" The two statements discuss different medications (ivabradine, low-dose digoxin vs methylprednisolone) in relation to different medical conditions (diastolic heart failure vs edema). The first statement raises concerns about certain medications in managing diastolic heart failure but does not mention methylprednisolone nor edema prevention. Therefore, it does not provide any evidence for or against the claim about methylprednisolone preventing edema." + The reason is that these two statements discuss different medical conditions (altitude sickness and multiple sclerosis) and different drugs (Ibuprofen/Acetazolamide and Methylprednisolone). There is no common ground between these statements that would allow for indirect support to be inferred. + + Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating multiple sclerosis due to its anti-inflammatory properties, but this is unrelated to the prophylactic use of Ibuprofen for altitude sickness as discussed in the provided statement." +9346353,Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,60,"In conclusion, prednisone, ibuprofen and betamethasone may prevent OA by suppressing the expression of IL-6 and IL-8, subsequently inactivating NF-kappaB and STAT3 pathways, and ultimately, leading to decreased levels of collagen I, MMP-1, and MMP-13.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In conclusion, prednisone, ibuprofen and betamethasone may prevent OA by suppressing the expression of IL-6 and IL-8, subsequently inactivating NF-kappaB and STAT3 pathways, and ultimately, leading to decreased levels of collagen I, MMP-1, and MMP-13.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects chronic obstructive pulmonary disease"" (COPD). The statement discusses the effects of prednisone, ibuprofen, and betamethasone on osteoarthritis (OA) by suppressing certain pathways and decreasing levels of specific molecules involved in joint degradation. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in this statement, nor is COPD. Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between methylprednisolone and COPD based on this information alone. + + However, it is important to note that methylprednisolone is a type of corticosteroid like betamethasone, which was mentioned in the statement as having an effect on OA by suppressing certain pathways involved in inflammation. Corticosteroids like methylprednisolone have been used in COPD treatment regimens due to their anti-inflammatory effects on lung tissue. However, their long-term use is not recommended due to potential side effects such as pneumonia, osteoporosis, cataracts" +9107378,Methylprednisolone affects Edema,61,"This study aims to determine the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine and aluminum magnesium simethicone (AlMgS) syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aims to determine the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine and aluminum magnesium simethicone (AlMgS) syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects Edema"". The study mentioned is focused on determining the therapeutic effects of ibuprofen, diphenhydramine, and aluminum magnesium simethicone syrup on reducing oral aphthous ulcer pain. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the study aim, nor does it have any direct or indirect relation based on the provided context. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used to reduce inflammation and swelling (or edema) in various medical conditions; however, its inclusion in this statement would require explicit evidence or reference connecting it to the study in question." +8596544,Methylprednisolone affects asthma,62,"CONCLUSIONS: Considering the results of the study, reflexology was superior to Ibuprofen on reducing dysmenorrhea and its treatment effect continued even after discontinuing the intervention in the third cycle.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSIONS: Considering the results of the study, reflexology was superior to Ibuprofen on reducing dysmenorrhea and its treatment effect continued even after discontinuing the intervention in the third cycle.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects asthma."" The conclusion in the statement is about reflexology being superior to Ibuprofen in reducing dysmenorrhea, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone or asthma. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid often used in treating various conditions such as asthma, arthritis, and allergies, but no such information is provided in the statement. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the given phrase." +8330909,Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus,63,CONCLUSION: We conclude that pain therapy with an almost peripherally acting drug such as ibuprofen can reduce osteoporosis-associated chronic pain better than a centrally acting pain medication such as tramadol.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""CONCLUSION: We conclude that pain therapy with an almost peripherally acting drug such as ibuprofen can reduce osteoporosis-associated chronic pain better than a centrally acting pain medication such as tramadol.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone affects systemic lupus erythematosus."" The conclusion in the statement is about pain therapy using ibuprofen versus tramadol for osteoporosis-associated chronic pain, which is unrelated to methylprednisolone and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various conditions such as asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and SLE; however, it is not mentioned in the provided conclusion. Therefore, it does not offer any indirect support for the given phrase." +19744632,Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema,64,The objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with ibuprofen would prevent the onset or decrease the severity of headache that occurs after ECT.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with ibuprofen would prevent the onset or decrease the severity of headache that occurs after ECT.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Edema"". The study in question focuses on determining whether pretreatment with ibuprofen can prevent or decrease the severity of headaches following Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT). Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any connection made between methylprednisolone and edema. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any support for the given phrase based on this statement alone." +18407557,Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia,65,The results of this study reveal that intake of ibuprofen can decrease muscle soreness induced after eccentric exercise but cannot assist in restoring muscle function.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The results of this study reveal that intake of ibuprofen can decrease muscle soreness induced after eccentric exercise but cannot assist in restoring muscle function.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts thrombocytopenia."" The statement discusses the effects of ibuprofen on muscle soreness and muscle function after exercise, while the phrase in question refers to Methylprednisolone's impact on thrombocytopenia, which is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets in the blood. These two subjects are unrelated in the context provided." +11106658,Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain,66,The objective of our study was to determine the role of ibuprofen in protecting neutropenic rats from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The objective of our study was to determine the role of ibuprofen in protecting neutropenic rats from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Pain"". The objective of the study mentioned is focused on determining the protective effects of ibuprofen on neutropenic rats from cardiopulmonary injury due to endotoxemia. Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any information about pain disruption provided. Therefore, it is not reasonable to infer any relationship between methylprednisolone and pain based on this statement alone." +8640603,Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation,67,"To determine if prophylactic etodolac would significantly reduce postendodontic pain, when compared with ibuprofen or placebo, 36 patients consented to single blind oral administration of either 400 mg of etodolac, 600 mg of ibuprofen, or a placebo, before conventional one-appointment root canal therapy.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""To determine if prophylactic etodolac would significantly reduce postendodontic pain, when compared with ibuprofen or placebo, 36 patients consented to single blind oral administration of either 400 mg of etodolac, 600 mg of ibuprofen, or a placebo, before conventional one-appointment root canal therapy.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone disrupts Inflammation."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the effects of prophylactic etodolac on postendodontic pain compared to ibuprofen and placebo, not methylprednisolone. Therefore, it does not offer any insights into how methylprednisolone might interact with inflammation." +23934495,Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment,68,UNLABELLED: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the prophylactic use of ibuprofen would reduce the incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to confirm the effectiveness of ibuprofen as rescue treatment in closing PDA.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""UNLABELLED: The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the prophylactic use of ibuprofen would reduce the incidence of significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and to confirm the effectiveness of ibuprofen as rescue treatment in closing PDA.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Cognitive impairment"". The aim of the study as stated is to evaluate the effectiveness of ibuprofen in preventing and treating significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Methylprednisolone is not mentioned in the statement, nor is there any implication about its potential effects on cognitive impairment. Therefore, it would be inappropriate to draw such a conclusion based on this information alone." +20014108,Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis,69,"Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, indomethacin and ibuprofen are the most widely used drugs for pain, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases and, more recently, the prevention of colon cancer and Alzheimer disease.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, indomethacin and ibuprofen are the most widely used drugs for pain, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases and, more recently, the prevention of colon cancer and Alzheimer disease.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents rheumatoid arthritis"". The statement discusses the use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in various conditions including arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, and Alzheimer's disease prevention. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid drug, not an NSAID, and it is not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, there is no connection made between Methylprednisolone and rheumatoid arthritis prevention in this statement." +18266414,Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain,70,Aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen may involve multiple pathways.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen may involve multiple pathways.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Abdominal pain."" The statement discusses the aggravation of seizure-associated microvascular injuries by ibuprofen, which is unrelated to Methylprednisolone or abdominal pain. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid used primarily for its anti-inflammatory effects in various medical conditions, such as allergic reactions, arthritis, and asthma; it is not typically associated with abdominal pain prevention. To establish indirect support for such a claim, there should be some connection between ibuprofen, microvascular injuries, seizures, and Methylprednisolone use in treating abdominal pain; however, no such connection is evident in the provided statement." +14967074,Methylprednisolone prevents asthma,71,"Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents asthma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child.""?","No, the statement ""Use of paracetamol, ibuprofen or aspirin in pregnancy and risk of cerebral palsy in the child"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents asthma."" + + The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about anti-inflammatory drugs (paracetamol, ibuprofen, aspirin) and their potential association with cerebral palsy in children when used during pregnancy; while the other is about Methylprednisolone potentially preventing asthma. + + Although Methylprednisolone is also an anti-inflammatory drug (like paracetamol, ibuprofen, aspirin), there is no mention of asthma in the first statement nor any comparison between Methylprednisolone and other anti-inflammatory drugs in terms of preventing asthma. Therefore, it is not possible to infer any indirect support for ""Methylprednisolone prevents asthma"" from the given statement." +9744990,Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome,72,"More than two cycles of ibuprofen was significantly associated with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; p = 0.03) and acute renal failure (OR, 3.81; p = 0.09).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""More than two cycles of ibuprofen was significantly associated with an increased risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; p = 0.03) and acute renal failure (OR, 3.81; p = 0.09).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome"". The statement discusses the association between repeated cycles of ibuprofen use and increased risks for bronchopulmonary dysplasia and acute renal failure in newborns. It does not mention methylprednisolone or ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome at all. In order for there to be indirect support, there should be some connection between the two statements in terms of shared concepts, mechanisms, or outcomes, but in this case, there is no such connection." +8345063,Methylprednisolone prevents Pain,73,OBJECTIVE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Pain"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""OBJECTIVE: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen have a protective role on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Pain"". The objective in the statement is about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like ibuprofen having a protective role against Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid and not an NSAID, hence it is not related to the claim in the statement. The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about NSAIDs protecting against AD while the other is about Methylprednisolone preventing pain - thus they do not offer indirect support for each other." +8291272,Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease,74,"There seems to be a marked gradient of risk for acute kidney injury across agents, specifically for indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""There seems to be a marked gradient of risk for acute kidney injury across agents, specifically for indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents graft versus host disease."" The statement discusses the risk of acute kidney injury associated with different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as indomethacin, ibuprofen, and rofecoxib. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid and not an NSAID; therefore, it is not mentioned in the statement. Moreover, the statement addresses nephrotoxicity risk rather than graft versus host disease prevention." +7980138,Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury,75,"Significant heterogeneity was present for the NSAIDs; e.g., ibuprofen was associated with an increased overall fracture risk (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 2.00-2.18 for <20 DDD), while celecoxib was not (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.13 for <20 DDD, 2P < 0.01 for comparison).",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Significant heterogeneity was present for the NSAIDs; e.g., ibuprofen was associated with an increased overall fracture risk (OR = 2.09, 95% CI 2.00-2.18 for <20 DDD), while celecoxib was not (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.51-1.13 for <20 DDD, 2P < 0.01 for comparison).""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents spinal cord injury."" The statement discusses the relationship between non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), specifically ibuprofen and celecoxib, and overall fracture risk. Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid drug, which is different from NSAIDs, and the statement does not mention its effects on spinal cord injury prevention." +7414405,Methylprednisolone prevents Edema,76,One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Edema"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure.""?","No, the statement ""One should be more critical about ivabradine and low-dose digoxin in diastolic heart failure"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone prevents Edema."" The two statements discuss different medications (ivabradine, low-dose digoxin vs methylprednisolone) and different medical conditions (diastolic heart failure vs edema). The first statement is cautioning against using certain medications for diastolic heart failure without being overly critical, while the second statement makes an unspecified claim about methylprednisolone preventing edema. To provide indirect support, there should be some connection between the two statements in terms of shared concepts, mechanisms, or evidence; however, no such connection exists in these statements." 18106042,Methylprednisolone predisposes pneumonia,77,"Preclinical studies of ivabradine in animal models with induced AF demonstrated a reduction in HR, with no significant worsening of QT interval or mean arterial pressure.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone predisposes pneumonia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Preclinical studies of ivabradine in animal models with induced AF demonstrated a reduction in HR, with no significant worsening of QT interval or mean arterial pressure.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone predisposes pneumonia."" The statement discusses preclinical studies of ivabradine in animal models with atrial fibrillation (AF), which showed a reduction in heart rate (HR) without significant changes in QT interval or mean arterial pressure. This information is not related to Methylprednisolone or its potential impact on pneumonia risk in humans." 9645180,Methylprednisolone predisposes Inflammation,78,"In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the HCN4 channel and ivabradine, including the function of HCN4 in cardiac pacemaking, the mechanism of action of If inhibition by ivabradine, and the pharmacological and clinical effects of ivabradine in cardiac diseases as HF, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Methylprednisolone predisposes Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the HCN4 channel and ivabradine, including the function of HCN4 in cardiac pacemaking, the mechanism of action of If inhibition by ivabradine, and the pharmacological and clinical effects of ivabradine in cardiac diseases as HF, coronary artery disease, and atrial fibrillation.""?","No, the statement does not provide any direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Methylprednisolone predisposes Inflammation."" The statement is a review of the HCN4 channel and ivabradine, its function in cardiac pacemaking, its mechanism of action, and pharmacological and clinical effects in various cardiac diseases. There is no mention of Methylprednisolone or inflammation in the statement, making it unrelated to the claim in question." 12905337,Cefotaxime related to Sepsis,79,Small studies have recently investigated the role of ivabradine in MS in sinus rhythm.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime related to Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Small studies have recently investigated the role of ivabradine in MS in sinus rhythm.""?","No, the statement ""Small studies have recently investigated the role of ivabradine in MS in sinus rhythm"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime related to Sepsis"". - The two statements discuss different topics. The first statement refers to small studies investigating ivabradine's role in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in sinus rhythm. Ivabradine is a medication used primarily for heart rate control in certain conditions, and MS is a disease of the central nervous system. The second phrase suggests a relationship between Cefotaxime and sepsis. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections, while sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes widespread inflammation and organ damage. - - The connection between these two statements is tenuous at best due to their unrelated subject matter. Therefore, it is unlikely that one statement provides indirect support for the other." -24475300,Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease,80,The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction.""?","No, the statement ""The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease."" These two statements discuss different medical topics - one is about a medication (Ivabradine) used in treating heart failure, while the other is about an antibiotic (Cefotaxime) used in treating bacterial infections. - - To further clarify, let me explain how each statement relates to its respective medical context: + The two statements are unrelated as they discuss different topics. The first statement refers to small studies investigating ivabradine's role in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in sinus rhythm, while the second phrase suggests a relationship between Cefotaxime and sepsis. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections while sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes widespread inflammation. There is no mention of Cefotaxime in the first statement nor any connection between ivabradine, MS, sinus rhythm, and sepsis that would allow for indirect support." +24475300,Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease,80,The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction.""?","No, the statement ""The role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects bacterial infectious disease."" - 1. The Role of Ivabradine in Diastolic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction + The reason is that these two statements discuss entirely different subjects. The first statement pertains to Ivabradine, a medication used for heart failure, while the second statement refers to Cefotaxime, an antibiotic used for treating bacterial infections. There is no overlap in subject matter between these two statements that would allow for indirect support of one by the other. - Diastolic Heart Failure (HFpEF) is characterized by impaired relaxation of the left ventricle during diastole (filling phase), leading to reduced stroke volume and increased filling pressures despite normal ejection fraction (EF). Ivabradine is a selective I(f) current inhibitor that reduces heart rate without affecting myocardial contractility or relaxation. Clinical trials have shown that Ivabradine can improve symptoms, exercise capacity, and prognosis in patients with H" -23922029,Cefotaxime affects Sepsis,81,"Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects Sepsis"". The two statements discuss different topics entirely. The first statement refers to ongoing clinical trials investigating the effects of ivabradine on various cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery disease (CAD), among others. On the other hand, the second phrase talks about Cefotaxime, an antibiotic commonly used for treating bacterial infections including sepsis. + To further clarify, let us consider what would be required for indirect support. If there were an intermediate concept that connected these two statements (e.g., if Ivabradine were found to have antibacterial properties, which then affected bacterial infectious disease), then there might be room for indirect support. However, as no such connection exists in these statements, no indirect support can be inferred." +23922029,Cefotaxime affects Sepsis,81,"Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects Sepsis."" The two statements discuss different topics entirely. The first statement refers to ongoing clinical trials investigating the effects of ivabradine on various cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery disease (CAD), among others. On the other hand, Cefotaxime is an antibiotic commonly used for treating bacterial infections like sepsis; however, there is no mention of Cefotaxime in the provided statement. Therefore, it does not offer any backing for the connection between Cefotaxime and sepsis." +18672205,Cefotaxime affects peritonitis,82,"Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.""?","No, the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. The statement discusses ongoing trials assessing the effects of ivabradine on various cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery disease (CAD), but it does not mention Cefotaxime nor peritonitis at all. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used primarily for treating infections caused by gram-negative bacteria, while peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum (the membrane lining the inner wall of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs). - The lack of overlap in subject matter between these two statements means that there is no connection that could provide indirect support for the claim that ""Cefotaxime affects Sepsis"". To establish whether Cefotaxime has an effect on sepsis, one would need to look at clinical trials or studies specifically examining its use in treating sepsis patients." -18672205,Cefotaxime affects peritonitis,82,"Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Other large trials are also underway to assess the effects of ivabradine on heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, CAD, and other cardiovascular disorders.""?","No, the statement does not provide any indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis."" The two statements discuss different topics entirely. The first statement refers to various clinical trials being conducted on ivabradine and its effects on various cardiovascular disorders such as heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, coronary artery disease (CAD), among others. On the other hand, the second statement talks about Cefotaxime, an antibiotic, and its potential impact on peritonitis, an inflammation of the peritoneum (the membrane lining the inner wall of the abdomen). - - To provide indirect support for ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis,"" there would need to be some connection between Cefotaxime and peritonitis in the statement. However, in this case, there is no mention of Cefotaxime being used in any trials related to peritonitis or any other inflammatory conditions. Therefore, it is inappropriate to draw any conclusions linking Cefotaxime and peritonitis based on the given statement." + To provide indirect support for ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis,"" there should be some connection between Cefotaxime and peritonitis in the statement, either explicitly mentioning Cefotaxime as a treatment for peritonitis or implying its potential effects on peritonitis through related studies or evidence. Since no such connection exists in the statement provided, it does not offer indirect support for ""Cefotaxime affects peritonitis.""" 15853591,Cefotaxime prevents Sepsis,83,Effective suppression of atrial fibrillation by ivabradine: Novel target for an established drug?,False,"'Does the phrase ""Cefotaxime prevents Sepsis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effective suppression of atrial fibrillation by ivabradine: Novel target for an established drug?""?","No, the statement ""Effective suppression of atrial fibrillation by ivabradine: Novel target for an established drug"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Cefotaxime prevents Sepsis."" - The two statements discuss different drugs (Cefotaxime and Ivabradine) and different medical conditions (Sepsis and Atrial Fibrillation). There is no commonality between these statements that would allow for indirect support to be inferred. Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to an infection injures its own tissues and organs, while atrial fibrillation is a heart condition characterized by an irregular and often abnormally fast heart rate. Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections while Ivabradine is used to treat chronic heart failure and reduce symptoms of certain types of irregular heartbeats (atrial fibrillation). - - Therefore, without additional context linking these two statements together in a meaningful way, it is not accurate to infer that one supports the other." + The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about the effectiveness of ivabradine in suppressing atrial fibrillation (a type of heart arrhythmia), while the other is about Cefotaxime, an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections including sepsis. The connection between these two statements is tenuous at best, as they discuss different drugs, conditions, and mechanisms of action. Therefore, there is no meaningful indirect support provided by one statement for the other." 19081412,Ceftriaxone prevents bacterial infectious disease,84,[SIGNIFY study is a disappointment. Ivabradine cannot stop of the progression of coronary heart disease].,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ceftriaxone prevents bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""[SIGNIFY study is a disappointment. Ivabradine cannot stop of the progression of coronary heart disease].""?","No, the statement ""Ceftriaxone prevents bacterial infectious disease"" does not receive indirect support from the provided statement about the SIGNIFY study and ivabradine's inability to stop the progression of coronary heart disease. - The SIGNIFY study is unrelated to Ceftriaxone and its effects on bacterial infectious diseases. Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections, while ivabradine is a drug used in heart failure management to reduce heart rate. The two drugs have different mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications. Therefore, any conclusions drawn about Ceftriaxone based on the SIGNIFY study results would be inappropriate and misleading." -25827448,Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer,85,RESULTS: Heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative AF or tachyarrhythmia with combined therapy was more effective than with metoprolol or ivabradine alone during the immediate postoperative management of cardiac surgery patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative AF or tachyarrhythmia with combined therapy was more effective than with metoprolol or ivabradine alone during the immediate postoperative management of cardiac surgery patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer."" The provided statement discusses the results of a study investigating heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) or tachyarrhythmia in cardiac surgery patients using combined therapy compared to metoprolol or ivabradine alone during immediate postoperative management. There is no mention of gefarnate nor any gastric ulcer-related information in the statement. Therefore, it does not support any connection between gefarnate and gastric ulcers." -24296137,Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer,86,"During exercise, ivabradine dose dependently and significantly reduced the exercise-induced tachycardia (-17, -21, and -32% at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, respectively, versus saline) without altering myocardial contractility nor mean ejection wall stress.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""During exercise, ivabradine dose dependently and significantly reduced the exercise-induced tachycardia (-17, -21, and -32% at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, respectively, versus saline) without altering myocardial contractility nor mean ejection wall stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer."" The statement discusses the effects of ivabradine on exercise-induced tachycardia in rats but does not mention gefarnate or duodenal ulcers at all. Gefarnate is an anti-inflammatory drug used for treating skin conditions, while duodenal ulcers are open sores on the lining of the duodenum, typically caused by bacterial infections or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, there is no connection between ivabradine's effects on heart rate during exercise and gefarnate's potential relationship to duodenal ulcers." -25993651,Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer,87,Recent trials reported that risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients using ivabradine compared with controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent trials reported that risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients using ivabradine compared with controls.""?","No, the statement ""Recent trials reported that risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients using ivabradine compared with controls"" does not provide indirect support for the claim that ""Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer."" - - The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about ivabradine increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), while the other is about Gefarnate impacting gastric ulcers. There is no connection between these two drugs nor their respective effects on AF and gastric ulcers that would allow for indirect support of one claim based on the other statement. - - Additionally, even if both statements were about gastric ulcers, they would still not provide indirect support for each other without further information about how Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcers (e.g., whether it causes ulcers, prevents ulcers, worsens existing ulcers). The statement about ivabradine increasing AF risk does not provide any insight into Gefarnate's potential effects on gastric ulcers. + The SIGNIFY study is unrelated to Ceftriaxone and its effects on bacterial infectious diseases. Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic used for treating various bacterial infections, while ivabradine is a drug used in heart failure management to reduce heart rate. The two drugs have different mechanisms of action and therapeutic applications; therefore, any conclusions drawn about one drug should not be generalized to another unrelated drug without solid evidence supporting such conclusions. - In conclusion, it is crucial to assess each claim individually based on its own merits and evidence rather than" -17758516,Neobiotic related to Inflammation,88,Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.""?","No, the phrase ""Neobiotic related to Inflammation"" does not receive direct or indirect support from the statement ""Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis."" + In order for there to be indirect support for Ceftriaxone preventing bacterial infectious diseases from the SIGNIFY study, there would need to be some connection between ivabradine, coronary heart disease, and bacterial infections that would suggest that if ivabradine cannot stop coronary heart disease progression, then Ceftriaxone can prevent bacterial infections. However, no such connection exists in the provided statement; hence no indirect support can" +25827448,Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer,85,RESULTS: Heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative AF or tachyarrhythmia with combined therapy was more effective than with metoprolol or ivabradine alone during the immediate postoperative management of cardiac surgery patients.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""RESULTS: Heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative AF or tachyarrhythmia with combined therapy was more effective than with metoprolol or ivabradine alone during the immediate postoperative management of cardiac surgery patients.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Gefarnate related to gastric ulcer."" The provided statement discusses the results of a study involving heart rate reduction and prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF) or tachyarrhythmia in cardiac surgery patients using combined therapy compared to metoprolol or ivabradine alone. There is no mention of Gefarnate or gastric ulcers in this statement. Therefore, it does not offer any relevant information or evidence to support the claimed relationship between Gefarnate and gastric ulcer." +24296137,Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer,86,"During exercise, ivabradine dose dependently and significantly reduced the exercise-induced tachycardia (-17, -21, and -32% at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, respectively, versus saline) without altering myocardial contractility nor mean ejection wall stress.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""During exercise, ivabradine dose dependently and significantly reduced the exercise-induced tachycardia (-17, -21, and -32% at 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg, respectively, versus saline) without altering myocardial contractility nor mean ejection wall stress.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Gefarnate related to duodenal ulcer."" The statement discusses the effects of ivabradine on exercise-induced tachycardia in rats but does not mention gefarnate or duodenal ulcers at all. Gefarnate is an anti-inflammatory drug used for treating skin conditions, while duodenal ulcers are open sores on the lining of the duodenum, typically caused by bacterial infections or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, there is no connection between ivabradine's effects on heart rate during exercise in rats and gefarnate's potential relationship with duodenal ulcers in humans or animals." +25993651,Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer,87,Recent trials reported that risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients using ivabradine compared with controls.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent trials reported that risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) is increased in patients using ivabradine compared with controls.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Gefarnate disrupts gastric ulcer."" The two statements discuss different subjects - one is about ivabradine increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients compared to controls, while the other is about Gefarnate disrupting gastric ulcers. There is no connection between these two ideas that would allow us to infer support for one from the other." +17758516,Neobiotic related to Inflammation,88,Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic related to Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.""?","No, the phrase ""Neobiotic related to Inflammation"" does not receive direct or indirect support from the statement ""Randomized comparative study of cefixime versus cephalexin in acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis."" - The statement is about a comparative study between two antibiotics, cefixime and cephalexin, in the context of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. It does not mention or imply any connection to neobiotics (a term that typically refers to novel or non-traditional antimicrobials) or inflammation beyond the bacterial exacerbations in chronic bronchitis. Therefore, there is no basis in this statement for inferring a relationship between neobiotics and inflammation." -10690423,Neobiotic related to burn,89,Alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae are unlikely contributors to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime in clinical gonococcal strains.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic related to burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae are unlikely contributors to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime in clinical gonococcal strains.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic related to burn."" The statement discusses alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and their relationship to antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of gonococci. A neobiotic is a term used in ecology to describe an organism that has been introduced into a new environment, and it is unrelated to burns or burn treatment. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of content or context." -20263460,Neobiotic affects neoplasm,90,"Because of the emergence of these bacteria, other antimicrobial agents, both old and new, have been advocated for treatment and prevention of otitis media; amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime are the newer agents.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because of the emergence of these bacteria, other antimicrobial agents, both old and new, have been advocated for treatment and prevention of otitis media; amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime are the newer agents.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic affects neoplasm."" - - The statement discusses the use of certain antibiotics (neobiotic) in the treatment and prevention of otitis media, which is an inflammation of the middle ear. It does not mention nor imply any effect of these antibiotics on neoplasm (abnormal growth of tissue, often cancerous). Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between the two statements in terms of supporting evidence for neobiotic affecting neoplasm." -19744068,Neobiotic affects Inflammation,91,Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy.""?","No, the statement ""Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic affects inflammation."" + + The statement describes a comparative study between two antibiotics, cefixime and cephalexin, in the context of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. While antibiotics can have anti-inflammatory effects as a secondary action, the primary purpose of these medications is to target and eliminate bacteria. Therefore, there is no explicit or implicit connection in this statement between neobiotics (newly introduced microorganisms) and inflammation. - The statement is about an experimental comparison of two drugs, enalapril and trimetazidine, in the context of diabetic nephropathy. There is no mention of neobiotics or inflammation in this statement. Neobiotics refer to new forms of life created by genetic engineering; they are not mentioned in the provided context. Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli; there is also no mention of this process in the statement. Therefore, without additional information linking these concepts together, it is not possible to infer that neobiotics affect inflammation based on this statement alone." -24669492,Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease,92,This study aimed to investigate the role of TMZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aimed to investigate the role of TMZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the role of TMZ (temozolomide) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms. TMZ is an anticancer drug used primarily in treating brain tumors, while DN is a kidney disease associated with diabetes. The focus of the study is on diabetes and its complications, not on neobiotic substances that disrupt bacterial infectious diseases. + + To establish a link between neobiotics and inflammation, one would need evidence showing that the introduction of new microorganisms is associated with inflammation in a specific biological context. The current statement does not provide such evidence or even mention neobiotics. Therefore, it does not support the phrase ""Neobiotic related to Inflammation.""" +10690423,Neobiotic related to burn,89,Alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae are unlikely contributors to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime in clinical gonococcal strains.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic related to burn"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae are unlikely contributors to decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone and cefixime in clinical gonococcal strains.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic related to burn."" The statement discusses alterations of the pilQ gene in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and their relationship to antibiotic resistance in clinical strains of gonococci. A neobiotic is a term that refers to an entirely new form of antibiotic, while burn is a type of injury that can lead to infection. The statement does not make any connection between neobiotics and burns; therefore, it does not indirectly support the phrase in question." +20263460,Neobiotic affects neoplasm,90,"Because of the emergence of these bacteria, other antimicrobial agents, both old and new, have been advocated for treatment and prevention of otitis media; amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime are the newer agents.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic affects neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Because of the emergence of these bacteria, other antimicrobial agents, both old and new, have been advocated for treatment and prevention of otitis media; amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefuroxime axetil, and cefixime are the newer agents.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic affects neoplasm."" The provided statement discusses the use of certain antibiotics in treating otitis media, an inflammatory condition of the middle ear. It does not mention nor imply any relationship between neobiotics (a term not commonly used in science but generally refers to novel/new organisms) and neoplasms (abnormal growths of tissue that can be benign or malignant). Therefore, there is no connection that can be inferred between these two concepts based on the given information." +19744068,Neobiotic affects Inflammation,91,Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic affects Inflammation"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy.""?","No, the statement ""Experimental comparison of protective characteristics of enalapril and trimetazidine in diabetic nephropathy"" does not provide direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic affects Inflammation."" - To provide indirect support for ""Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease,"" there would need to be some mention of neobiotic substances (synthetic or semi-synthetic substances designed to mimic natural compounds) interacting with bacteria in the statement. Since there is no such mention in the provided context, it does not support the claim about neobiotic substances disrupting bacterial infectious diseases." + The statement is about an experimental comparison of two drugs, enalapril and trimetazidine, in the context of diabetic nephropathy. There is no mention of neobiotics or inflammation in this statement. Neobiotics refer to new forms of microorganisms that have been created through genetic manipulation, which is not mentioned in the statement. Inflammation is a biological response to harmful stimuli, which is also not mentioned in the statement. Therefore, without additional information linking these concepts together, it is not possible to infer that neobiotics affect inflammation based on this statement alone." +24669492,Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease,92,This study aimed to investigate the role of TMZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""This study aimed to investigate the role of TMZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts bacterial infectious disease."" The study mentioned in the statement investigates the role of TMZ in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its potential mechanisms. TMZ is an antidiabetic drug, not an antibiotic or neobiotic that would disrupt bacterial infectious disease. Therefore, there is no connection between the two statements in terms of supporting evidence for neobiotic disruption of bacterial infectious disease." 17119153,Neobiotic disrupts neoplasm,93,Objective: This study investigates the effect of TMZ in sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro and molecular mechanisms.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Objective: This study investigates the effect of TMZ in sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro and molecular mechanisms.""?","No, the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts neoplasm"" does not receive indirect support from the statement provided. - The statement ""Objective: This study investigates the effect of TMZ in sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro and molecular mechanisms"" is about an investigation into the effects of temozolomide (TMZ) on sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in both living organisms (in vivo) and in cell cultures (in vitro), as well as the molecular mechanisms involved. + The statement ""Objective: This study investigates the effect of TMZ in sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro and molecular mechanisms"" is about an investigation into the effects of a specific chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide (TMZ), on sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity in both living organisms (in vivo) and in cell cultures (in vitro). The study also looks at the molecular mechanisms involved in these effects. - A neobiotic is a hypothetical term that could refer to a new type of antibiotic. However, in this context, it is not relevant because the study is about TMZ, which is not an antibiotic but rather a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat certain types of brain tumors. - - A neoplasm is another term for a tumor or an abnormal growth of cells. While TMZ is used to treat certain types of tumors (neoplasms), the statement does not provide any information about TMZ disrupting these neoplasms" + A neobiotic refers to a newly introduced bioactive substance or organism into an environment. On the other hand, a neoplasm is another term for a tumor or an abnormal growth of cells. The statement does not make any connection between a neobiotic and a neoplasm, nor does it provide any information that would suggest that a neobiotic disrupts a neoplasm. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic disrupts neoplasm""." 26428369,Neobiotic prevents bacterial infectious disease,94,The role of trimetazidine in cardiovascular disease: beyond an anti-anginal agent.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Neobiotic prevents bacterial infectious disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""The role of trimetazidine in cardiovascular disease: beyond an anti-anginal agent.""?","No, the statement ""The role of trimetazidine in cardiovascular disease: beyond an anti-anginal agent"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Neobiotic prevents bacterial infectious disease."" - The statement is about trimetazidine, a medication used in cardiovascular disease, and its roles beyond being an anti-anginal agent. This is unrelated to Neobiotic, which is not mentioned in the statement, and bacterial infectious disease. Neobiotic is a prebiotic that promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut, but it does not prevent bacterial infectious diseases. Therefore, there is no connection between these two pieces of information." -25579460,BLINATUMOMAB related to Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma,95,"Trimetazidine, 2.5 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days before doxorubicin administration plus 2.5 mg/kg/day p.o. for 10 weeks, was unable to prevent the development of doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Trimetazidine, 2.5 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days before doxorubicin administration plus 2.5 mg/kg/day p.o. for 10 weeks, was unable to prevent the development of doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"". - - The statement discusses the use of Trimetazidine in preventing doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity in a treatment regimen. It does not mention or imply any connection between BLINATUMOMAB and Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma. BLINATUMOMAB is a bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) antibody construct used for treating minimal residual disease in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), not specifically Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma. + The statement is about trimetazidine, a medication used primarily for treating angina pectoris (chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart). The paper may discuss various roles of trimetazidine in cardiovascular disease, but it does not mention neobiotic nor bacterial infectious diseases. Neobiotic is an antimicrobial peptide that has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various contexts; however, it is not mentioned in this statement. - Although both BLINATUMOMAB and Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma are related to hematological malignancies, the statement provided does not offer any information that would connect these concepts together." + To establish indirect support between these two phrases, there should be some connection between trimetazidine (or cardiovascular disease), neobiotic (or antimicrobial peptides), and bacterial infectious diseases. As none exists in this statement, it does not provide indirect support for ""Neobiotic prevents bacterial infectious disease.""" +25579460,BLINATUMOMAB related to Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma,95,"Trimetazidine, 2.5 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days before doxorubicin administration plus 2.5 mg/kg/day p.o. for 10 weeks, was unable to prevent the development of doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity.",False,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Trimetazidine, 2.5 mg/kg/day i.p. for 3 days before doxorubicin administration plus 2.5 mg/kg/day p.o. for 10 weeks, was unable to prevent the development of doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the connection between BLINATUMOMAB and Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma (PBL). The statement discusses Trimetazidine's inability to prevent doxorubicin-induced long-term cardiotoxicity in a different context. BLINATUMOMAB is an immunotherapy used for treating certain types of leukemia and lymphoma, while Trimetazidine is used for treating heart conditions; therefore, there is no clear link between these two entities based on the provided statement." 22474123,BLINATUMOMAB related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm,96,Ranolazine was more effective than lidocaine in terminating persistent AF and in preventing the induction of AF.,False,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Ranolazine was more effective than lidocaine in terminating persistent AF and in preventing the induction of AF.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasm"". - The statement discusses the effectiveness of two drugs, ranolazine and lidocaine, in managing persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). This topic is unrelated to BLINATUMOMAB, which is a bispecific T cell engager (BiTE) antibody construct used for treating certain types of hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasms, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). - - The two subjects - the effectiveness of these drugs in treating AF and the use of BLINATUMOMAB in treating hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasms - are distinct and not interconnected in the provided statement. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the stated phrase." + The statement discusses the effectiveness of two drugs, ranolazine and lidocaine, in managing atrial fibrillation (AF). This topic is unrelated to BLINATUMOMAB, which is a bispecific T cell engager used in the treatment of hematopoietic and lymphoid system neoplasms, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Therefore, there is no logical connection or indirect support between the two pieces of information." 21947892,BLINATUMOMAB related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia,97,Role of Ranolazine in cardiovascular disease and diabetes: Exploring beyond angina.,False,"'Does the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Role of Ranolazine in cardiovascular disease and diabetes: Exploring beyond angina.""?","No, the statement ""Role of Ranolazine in cardiovascular disease and diabetes: Exploring beyond angina"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""BLINATUMOMAB related to acute lymphoblastic leukemia"". - The statement is about Ranolazine, a medication used for treating angina in cardiovascular disease and diabetes. It does not mention or imply anything about Blinatumomab, which is a monoclonal antibody used for treating acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). + The statement is about Ranolazine, a medication used primarily for treating chronic angina, and its potential roles in cardiovascular disease and diabetes management. This topic is unrelated to BLINATUMOMAB, which is an immunotherapy drug used for treating certain types of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). + + The two statements discuss different therapeutic areas (cardiovascular disease/diabetes vs leukemia/lymphoma) and drugs (Ranolazine vs BLINATUMOMAB), indicating no connection between them. Therefore, there is no indirect support for the relationship between BLINATUMOMAB and acute lymphoblastic leukemia from the given statement about Ranolazine in cardiovascular disease and diabetes management." +27155094,Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis,98,"Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine.""?","No, the statement ""Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis."" + + The two statements discuss different topics. The first statement is about the activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) and ranolazine. On the other hand, the second phrase connects Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic, with endophthalmitis, an inflammation of the inner lining of the eye. + + To establish indirect support between these two phrases, there should be some common ground between them in terms of shared elements or concepts. However, in this case, no such connection exists based on the given information." +16836665,Ciprofloxacin related to Crohn disease,99,Recent evidence of beneficial effects of ranolazine (RAN) in type II diabetes motivates interest in the role of the late sodium current (INaL) in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent evidence of beneficial effects of ranolazine (RAN) in type II diabetes motivates interest in the role of the late sodium current (INaL) in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the connection between Ciprofloxacin and Crohn disease. The statement discusses the potential role of ranolazine in type II diabetes by influencing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion through modulation of the late sodium current (INaL). This is unrelated to Ciprofloxacin, an antibiotic commonly used for treating various bacterial infections, or Crohn disease, an inflammatory bowel disease affecting any part of the gastrointestinal tract. - Blinatumomab is not mentioned nor is there any implicit connection that can be drawn from the statement about Ranolazine. Therefore, it does not provide indirect support for the relationship between Blinatumomab and ALL." -27155094,Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis,98,"Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine.",False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine.""?","No, the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to endophthalmitis"" does not receive indirect support from the statement ""Furthermore, the activated Akt/mTOR signaling pathway induced by AF was further activated by ranolazine."" + While it is true that certain medications like Ciprofloxacin have been associated with increased risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn disease, in some studies (e.g., Svanes et al., 2001), these associations do not imply causation, nor do they indicate that Ciprofloxacin has any beneficial effects on Crohn disease. - The statement provided discusses the activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in response to certain substances (AF and ranolazine), but it does not mention Ciprofloxacin nor endophthalmitis at all. Indirect support would require some connection between the concepts presented in both statements, but no such connection exists here. + In summary, there is no indirect support for the connection between Ciprofloxacin and Crohn disease based on the provided statement. The two subjects belong to different domains of" +19572117,Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase,100,Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery.""?","No, the statement ""Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery"" does not provide indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase."" - Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used primarily for treating bacterial infections, while endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the interior of the eye caused by bacterial infections among other things. The Akt/mTOR signaling pathway is involved in various cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Ranolazine is a medication used primarily for treating chronic angina. + The reason is that these two phrases discuss unrelated topics. The first statement refers to ranolazine preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery, which is an investigation of a pharmacological intervention for cardiac arrhythmia in a surgical setting. - Without any explicit or implicit connection between these concepts in the given statement, it is inappropriate to" -16836665,Ciprofloxacin related to Crohn disease,99,Recent evidence of beneficial effects of ranolazine (RAN) in type II diabetes motivates interest in the role of the late sodium current (INaL) in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to Crohn disease"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Recent evidence of beneficial effects of ranolazine (RAN) in type II diabetes motivates interest in the role of the late sodium current (INaL) in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.""?","No, the statement does not provide indirect support for the connection between Ciprofloxacin and Crohn disease. The statement discusses the potential role of ranolazine in type II diabetes by influencing the late sodium current (INaL) during glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. This information is not related to Ciprofloxacin or Crohn disease, making it irrelevant in establishing any link between these two entities." -19572117,Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase,100,Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery.,False,"'Does the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase"" receive at least indirect support from the statement: ""Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery.""?","No, there is no direct or indirect support for the phrase ""Ciprofloxacin related to DNA Gyrase"" in the statement ""Effect of ranolazine in preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery."" + On the other hand, Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II), thereby inhibiting DNA replication in bacteria; it has no direct connection to ranolazine or postoperative atrial fibrillation treatment in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery. - The statement discusses the effect of ranolazine on preventing postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization surgery. It does not mention Ciprofloxacin or DNA Gyrase at all. DNA Gyrase is an enzyme that Ciprofloxacin interacts with in bacteria to inhibit DNA replication, but there is no connection made in this statement between these concepts. Therefore, it does not provide any support for the stated phrase." + In conclusion, while both statements belong to medical research fields, they do not share any thematic relevance that would allow for indirect support between them." diff --git a/json/neo4j_requests.txt b/json/neo4j_requests.txt index ffa4c3a..0446b08 100644 --- a/json/neo4j_requests.txt +++ b/json/neo4j_requests.txt @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ match p=(n)-[r]-(m) where r.primary_knowledge_source="infores:chembl" with n as n, m as m, r as r match p3=(n)-[r2]-(m) where r2.primary_knowledge_source="infores:semmeddb" AND type(r)=type(r2) -return p3 limit 500 +return p3 limit 5000 false: @@ -12,6 +12,6 @@ match p=(n)-[r]-(m) where r.primary_knowledge_source="infores:chembl" with n as n, m as m, r as r match p3=(n)-[r2]-(m) where r2.primary_knowledge_source="infores:semmeddb" AND type(r)<>type(r2) -return p3 limit 500 +return p3 limit 5000 -{change causes to treats} +{mix triples and sentenses} diff --git a/src/get_result.py b/src/get_result.py index cd8534f..d6189fd 100644 --- a/src/get_result.py +++ b/src/get_result.py @@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ def get_result(model_info, prompt, model_type): for chunk in prompt_chunks: # Interact with the Llama model print(chunk) - response = model(prompt=chunk, max_tokens=256, temperature=0.1, + response = model(prompt=chunk, max_tokens=256, temperature=0.01, top_p=0.95, repeat_penalty=1.2, top_k=150, echo=True) result_text += response["choices"][0]["text"] print(result_text)