10_ten.py

# object-oriented programming

# 1.Basic class & object
# Create a car class with attributes like brand & model.Then create an instance
# of this class.
# note:here self is similar to 'this' in java

# class Car:
#     # init is also called as 'constructor'
#     def __init__(self, brand, model):
#         self.brand=brand
#         self.model=model
# # object creation
# my_car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
# print(my_car.brand)
# print(my_car.model)
#
# my_new_car =  Car("Tata", "Safari")
# print(my_car.brand)
# print(my_car.model)

# 2.Class method and Self
# Add a method to the Car class that displays the full name of the car(brand &
# model)

# class Car:
#     def __init__(self, company,model):
#         self.company = company
#         self.model = model
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.company, self.model))
#
# my_car = Car("Maruti", "Ertiga")
# my_car.display_details()

# 3.Inheritance
# Create an ElectricCar class that inherits from the Car class and has an
# additional attribute battery_size.

# class Car:
#     def __init__(self, company,model):
#         self.company = company
#         self.model = model
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.company, self.model))
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
# print(my_car.model)
# my_car.display_details()
# we have access of all the methods & attributes of Car class

# 4.Encapsulation
# Modify the Car class to encapsulate the brand attribute, making it private, and
# provide a getter method for it

# class Car:
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.model = model
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')

# print(my_car.__brand)
# gives error
# __brand is now private attribute
# print(my_car.get_brand())

# my_car.set_brand("Ferrari")
# print("New car brand is {}.".format(my_car.get_brand()))

# 5.Polymorphism
# demonstrate the polymorphism by defining a method fuel_type in both Car &
# ElectricCar classes but with different behaviours.

# class Car:
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.model = model
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
# my_new_car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
# print("my car has {} fuel type.".format(my_car.fuel_type()))
# print("my new car has {} fuel type.".format(my_new_car.fuel_type()))

# 6.class variables
# Add a class to Car that keeps track of the number of cars reated.

# class Car:
#     total_car = 0
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.model = model
#         Car.total_car +=1
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
# my_new_car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
#
# # use this 'Car' class variable
# print("total car created {}".format(Car.total_car))
# note:there is no immediate garbage collection in python.

# 7.static method
# Add a static method to the Car class that returns a general description of a
# Car.

# class Car:
#     total_car = 0
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.model = model
#         Car.total_car +=1
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
#     # @staticmethod is called decorators
#     @staticmethod
#     def general_description():
#         return 'Cars are means for transport.'
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
# my_new_car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
#
# # print(my_car.general_description())
# # error
#
# print(Car.general_description())

# 8.Property decorator
# Use a property decorator in the Car class to make the model attribute read-
# -only

# class Car:
#     total_car = 0
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.__model = model
#         Car.total_car +=1
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.__model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
#     # @staticmethod is called decorators
#     @staticmethod
#     def general_description():
#         return 'Cars are means for transport.'
#
#     @property
#     def model(self):
#         return self.__model
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
#
# # my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
# # my_car.model = "City"
# # error
#
# my_new_car = Car("Toyota", "Corolla")
#
# print(my_car.model)

# 9.Class inheritance & isinstance() Function
# Demonstrate the use of isinstance() to check if my_tesla is an instance of Car
# and ElectricCar

# class Car:
#     total_car = 0
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.__model = model
#         Car.total_car +=1
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.__model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
#     # @staticmethod is called decorators
#     @staticmethod
#     def general_description():
#         return 'Cars are means for transport.'
#
#     @property
#     def model(self):
#         return self.__model
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
#
# my_car = ElectricCar('Tesla', 'Model S', '85KwH')
#
# print(isinstance(my_car, Car))

# Multiple inheritance
# 10.Create two classes. Battery and Engine, and let the Electric class inherit
# from both, demonstrating multiple inheritance.

# class Car:
#     total_car = 0
#     def __init__(self, brand,model):
#         self.__brand = brand
#         self.__model = model
#         Car.total_car +=1
#
#     def display_details(self):
#         print("{} {}".format(self.__brand, self.__model))
#
#     # getter method
#     def get_brand(self):
#         return self.__brand +" !"
#
#     # setter method
#     def set_brand(self, new_brand):
#         self.__brand = new_brand
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Petrol or diesel"
#
#     # @staticmethod is called decorators
#     @staticmethod
#     def general_description():
#         return 'Cars are means for transport.'
#
#     @property
#     def model(self):
#         return self.__model
#
# class ElectricCar(Car):
#     def __init__(self, brand, model, battery_size):
#         super().__init__(brand, model)
#         self.battery_size = battery_size
#
#     def fuel_type(self):
#         return "Electric charge."
#
# # note: pass keyword is a placeholder, which is used to create an empty class.
# class Battery:
#     def battery_info(self):
#         return "This is battery"
#
# class Engine:
#     def engine_info(self):
#         return "This is an engine."
#
# class EleCarTwo(Battery, Engine, Car):
#     pass
#
# my_new_tela = EleCarTwo("Tesla", "Models S")
# print(my_new_tela.engine_info())
# print(my_new_tela.battery_info())
# # code is working