numberencoding.txt

Task description

Attention: Please follow these instructions super accurately.

 - Develop the solution yourself. Do not try to find a shortcut by
   using the web.
 - Develop the solution in Java using maven as build tool.

 - The core of the solution should be written without any add-ons to
   the core of the programming language. Use only the defined language
   standard (e.g. you can use all features that you find in a standard Sun JDK).
   This means that you can use external libraries, but your program
   should still produce the wanted solutions after removing those
   parts. For example, if you would decide to use a logging library
   then your program would still work correctly after removing all
   parts that use the logging library. You can also use JUnit.
 - Optimize for speed of development and quality of development. Do
   not optimize for runtime execution speed. The problem is small and
   you can afford to waste a few milli seconds. It is better to focus
   on getting a working solution faster.
 - Deliver your result in the best professional quality you can
   produce. Polish your solution. Make a master piece out of it.  It
   is part of this task to compare what different people consider to
   be a professional quality solution.

First read through the whole of it in order to get an overview.
Concentrate on the details only upon second reading.

The following mapping from letters to digits is given:

E | J N Q | R W X | D S Y | F T | A M | C I V | B K U | L O P | G H Z
e | j n q | r w x | d s y | f t | a m | c i v | b k u | l o p | g h z
0 |   1   |   2   |   3   |  4  |  5  |   6   |   7   |   8   |   9

We want to use this mapping for encoding telephone numbers by words, so
that it becomes easier to remember the numbers.

Functional requirements

Your task is writing a program that finds, for a given phone number, all
possible encodings by words, and prints them. A phone number is an
arbitrary(!) string of dashes - , slashes / and digits. The dashes and
slashes will not be encoded. The words are taken from a dictionary which
is given as an alphabetically sorted ASCII file (one word per line).

[NOTE: The dictionary is in German and contains umlaut characters
encoded as double-quotes.  The double-quotes should be ignored.  EG.]

Only exactly each encoding that is possible from this dictionary and
that matches the phone number exactly shall be printed. Thus, possibly
nothing is printed at all. The words in the dictionary contain letters
(capital or small, but the difference is ignored in the sorting), dashes
- and double quotes " . For the encoding only the letters are used, but
the words must be printed in exactly the form given in the dictionary.
Leading non-letters do not occur in the dictionary.

Encodings of phone numbers can consist of a single word or of multiple
words separated by spaces. The encodings are built word by word from
left to right. If and only if at a particular point no word at all from
the dictionary can be inserted, a single digit from the phone number can
be copied to the encoding instead. Two subsequent digits are never
allowed, though. To put it differently: In a partial encoding that
currently covers k digits, digit k+1 is encoded by itself if and only if,
first, digit k was not encoded by a digit and, second, there is no word
in the dictionary that can be used in the encoding starting at digit k+1.

Your program must work on a series of phone numbers; for each encoding
that it finds, it must print the phone number followed by a colon, a
single(!) space, and the encoding on one line; trailing spaces are not
allowed. All remaining ambiguities in this specification will be
resolved by the following example. (Still remaining ambiguities are
intended degrees of freedom.)

Sample dictionary:

an
blau
Bo"
Boot
bo"s
da
Fee
fern
Fest
fort
je
jemand
mir
Mix
Mixer
Name
neu
o"d
Ort
so
Tor
Torf
Wasser

Sample phone number list:

112
5624-82
4824
0721/608-4067
10/783--5
1078-913-5
381482
04824

Corresponding correct program output (on screen):
5624-82: mir Tor
5624-82: Mix Tor
4824: Torf
4824: fort
4824: Tor 4
10/783--5: neu o"d 5
10/783--5: je bo"s 5
10/783--5: je Bo" da
381482: so 1 Tor
04824: 0 Torf
04824: 0 fort
04824: 0 Tor 4

Any other output would be wrong (except for different ordering of the
lines).

Wrong outputs for the above example would be e.g.

562482: Mix Tor, because the formatting of the phone number is
incorrect,

10/783--5: je bos 5, because the formatting of the second word is
incorrect,

4824: 4 Ort, because in place of the first digit the words Torf, fort,
Tor could be used,

1078-913-5: je Bo" 9 1 da , since there are two subsequent digits in the
encoding,

04824: 0 Tor , because the encoding does not cover the whole phone
number, and

5624-82: mir Torf , because the encoding is longer than the phone number.


Quantitative requirements

Length of the individual words in the dictionary: 50 characters maximum.
Number of words in the dictionary: 75000 maximum
Length of the phone numbers: 50 characters maximum.
Number of entries in the phone number file: unlimited.

Quality requirements

Work as carefully as you can as a professional software engineer and
deliver a correspondingly high grade program. Specifically, thoroughly
comment your source code (design ideas etc.).

The focus during program construction shall be on correctness. Generate
exactly the right output format right from the start. Do not generate
additional output. We will automatically test your program with hundreds
of thousands of phone numbers and it should not make a single mistake,
if possible -- in particular it must not crash. Take youself as much time
as is required to ensure correctness.

Your program must be run time efficient in so far that it analyzes only
a very small fraction of all dictionary entries in each word appending
step. It should also be memory efficient in that it does not use 75000
times 50 bytes for storing the dictionary if that contains many much
shorter words. The dictionary must be read into main memory entirely,
but you must not do the same with the phone number file, as that may be
arbitrarily large.

Your program need not be robust against incorrect formats of the
dictionary file or the phone number file.

A large dictionary, which you can use for testing purposes, is available
at dictionary.txt.