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Gujarati character tables

This document lists the per-character shaping information needed to shape Gujarati text.

Table of Contents

Gujarati character table

Gujarati glyphs should be classified as in the following table. Codepoints in the Gujarati block with no assigned meaning are designated as unassigned in the Unicode category column.

Assigned codepoints with a null in the Shaping class column evoke no special behavior from the shaping engine. Note that this does include some valid codepoints, such as currency marks, punctuation, and other symbols.

Note: the NUMBER and SYMBOL Shaping classes are important during syllable identification, but generally evoke no further special behavior during the rest of the shaping process.

The Mark-placement subclass column indicates mark-placement positioning for codepoints in the Mark category. Assigned, non-mark codepoints have a null in this column and evoke no special mark-placement behavior. Marks tagged with [Mn] in the Unicode category column are categorized as non-spacing; marks tagged with [Mc] are categorized as spacing-combining.

Some codepoints in the following table use a Shaping class that differs from the codepoint's Unicode General Category. The Shaping class takes precedence during OpenType shaping, as it captures more specific, script-aware behavior.

Codepoint Unicode category Shaping class Mark-placement subclass Glyph
U+0A80 unassigned
U+0A81 Mark [Mn] BINDU TOP_POSITION ઁ Candrabindu
U+0A82 Mark [Mn] BINDU TOP_POSITION ં Anusvara
U+0A83 Mark [Mc] VISARGA RIGHT_POSITION ઃ Visarga
U+0A84 unassigned
U+0A85 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null અ A
U+0A86 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null આ Aa
U+0A87 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઇ I
U+0A88 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઈ Ii
U+0A89 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઉ U
U+0A8A Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઊ Uu
U+0A8B Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઋ Vocalic R
U+0A8C Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઌ Vocalic L
U+0A8D Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઍ Candra E
U+0A8E unassigned
U+0A8F Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null એ E
U+0A90 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઐ Ai
U+0A91 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઑ Candra O
U+0A92 unassigned
U+0A93 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઓ O
U+0A94 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ઔ Au
U+0A95 Letter CONSONANT null ક Ka
U+0A96 Letter CONSONANT null ખ Kha
U+0A97 Letter CONSONANT null ગ Ga
U+0A98 Letter CONSONANT null ઘ Gha
U+0A99 Letter CONSONANT null ઙ Nga
U+0A9A Letter CONSONANT null ચ Ca
U+0A9B Letter CONSONANT null છ Cha
U+0A9C Letter CONSONANT null જ Ja
U+0A9D Letter CONSONANT null ઝ Jha
U+0A9E Letter CONSONANT null ઞ Nya
U+0A9F Letter CONSONANT null ટ Tta
U+0AA0 Letter CONSONANT null ઠ Ttha
U+0AA1 Letter CONSONANT null ડ Dda
U+0AA2 Letter CONSONANT null ઢ Ddha
U+0AA3 Letter CONSONANT null ણ Nna
U+0AA4 Letter CONSONANT null ત Ta
U+0AA5 Letter CONSONANT null થ Tha
U+0AA6 Letter CONSONANT null દ Da
U+0AA7 Letter CONSONANT null ધ Dha
U+0AA8 Letter CONSONANT null ન Na
U+0AA9 unassigned
U+0AAA Letter CONSONANT null પ Pa
U+0AAB Letter CONSONANT null ફ Pha
U+0AAC Letter CONSONANT null બ Ba
U+0AAD Letter CONSONANT null ભ Bha
U+0AAE Letter CONSONANT null મ Ma
U+0AAF Letter CONSONANT null ય Ya
U+0AB0 Letter CONSONANT null ર Ra
U+0AB1 unassigned
U+0AB2 Letter CONSONANT null લ La
U+0AB3 Letter CONSONANT null ળ Lla
U+0AB4 unassigned
U+0AB5 Letter CONSONANT null વ Va
U+0AB6 Letter CONSONANT null શ Sha
U+0AB7 Letter CONSONANT null ષ Ssa
U+0AB8 Letter CONSONANT null સ Sa
U+0AB9 Letter CONSONANT null હ Ha
U+0ABA unassigned
U+0ABB unassigned
U+0ABC Mark [Mn] NUKTA BOTTOM_POSITION ઼ Nukta
U+0ABD Letter AVAGRAHA null ઽ Avagraha
U+0ABE Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT RIGHT_POSITION ા Sign Aa
U+0ABF Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT LEFT_POSITION િ Sign I
U+0AC0 Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT RIGHT_POSITION ી Sign Ii
U+0AC1 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ુ Sign U
U+0AC2 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ૂ Sign Uu
U+0AC3 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ૃ Sign Vocalic R
U+0AC4 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ૄ Sign Vocalic Rr
U+0AC5 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT TOP_POSITION ૅ Sign Candra E
U+0AC6 unassigned
U+0AC7 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT TOP_POSITION ે Sign E
U+0AC8 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT TOP_POSITION ૈ Sign Ai
U+0AC9 Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT TOP_AND_RIGHT_POSITION ૉ Sign Candra O
U+0ACA unassigned
U+0ACB Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT RIGHT_POSITION ો Sign O
U+0ACC Mark [Mc] VOWEL_DEPENDENT RIGHT_POSITION ૌ Sign Au
U+0ACD Mark [Mn] VIRAMA BOTTOM_POSITION ્ Virama
U+0ACE unassigned
U+0ACF unassigned
U+0AD0 Letter null null ૐ Om
U+0AD1 unassigned
U+0AD2 unassigned
U+0AD3 unassigned
U+0AD4 unassigned
U+0AD5 unassigned
U+0AD6 unassigned
U+0AD7 unassigned
U+0AD8 unassigned
U+0AD9 unassigned
U+0ADA unassigned
U+0ADB unassigned
U+0ADC unassigned
U+0ADD unassigned
U+0ADE unassigned
U+0ADF unassigned
U+0AE0 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ૠ Vocalic Rr
U+0AE1 Letter VOWEL_INDEPENDENT null ૡ Vocalic Ll
U+0AE2 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ૢ Sign Vocalic L
U+0AE3 Mark [Mn] VOWEL_DEPENDENT BOTTOM_POSITION ૣ Sign Vocalic Ll
U+0AE4 unassigned
U+0AE5 unassigned
U+0AE6 Number NUMBER null ૦ Digit Zero
U+0AE7 Number NUMBER null ૧ Digit One
U+0AE8 Number NUMBER null ૨ Digit Two
U+0AE9 Number NUMBER null ૩ Digit Three
U+0AEA Number NUMBER null ૪ Digit Four
U+0AEB Number NUMBER null ૫ Digit Five
U+0AEC Number NUMBER null ૬ Digit Six
U+0AED Number NUMBER null ૭ Digit Seven
U+0AEE Number NUMBER null ૮ Digit Eight
U+0AEF Number NUMBER null ૯ Digit Nine
U+0AF0 Symbol SYMBOL null ૰ Abbreviation
U+0AF1 Symbol SYMBOL null ૱ Rupee Sign
U+0AF2 unassigned
U+0AF3 unassigned
U+0AF4 unassigned
U+0AF5 unassigned
U+0AF6 unassigned
U+0AF7 unassigned
U+0AF8 unassigned
U+0AF9 Letter CONSONANT null ૹ Zha
U+0AFA Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ૺ Sukun
U+0AFB Mark [Mn] NUKTA TOP_POSITION ૻ Shadda
U+0AFC Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ૼ Maddah
U+0AFD Mark [Mn] NUKTA TOP_POSITION ૽ Three-Dot Nukta Above
U+0AFE Mark [Mn] NUKTA TOP_POSITION ૾ Circle Nukta Above
U+0AFF Mark [Mn] NUKTA TOP_POSITION ૿ Two-Circle Nukta Above

Vedic Extensions character table

Sanskrit runs written in the Gujarati script may also include characters from the Vedic Extensions block. These characters should be classified as follows.

Note: See the Vedic Extensions document for additional information.

Codepoint Unicode category Shaping class Mark-placement subclass Glyph
U+1CD0 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳐ Tone Karshana
U+1CD1 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳑ Tone Shara
U+1CD2 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳒ Tone Prenkha
U+1CD3 Punctuation null null ᳓ Sign Nihshvasa
U+1CD4 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION OVERSTRUCK ᳔ Tone Midline Svarita
U+1CD5 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳕ Tone Aggravated Independent Svarita
U+1CD6 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳖ Tone Independent Svarita
U+1CD7 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳗ Tone Kathaka Independent Svarita
U+1CD8 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳘ Tone Candra Below
U+1CD9 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳙ Tone Kathaka Independent Svarita Schroeder
U+1CDA Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳚ Tone Double Svarita
U+1CDB Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳛ Tone Triple Svarita
U+1CDC Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳜ Tone Kathaka Anudatta
U+1CDD Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳝ Tone Dot Below
U+1CDE Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳞ Tone Two Dots Below
U+1CDF Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ᳟ Tone Three Dots Below
U+1CE0 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳠ Tone Rigvedic Kashmiri Independent Svarita
U+1CE1 Mark [Mc] CANTILLATION RIGHT_POSITION ᳡ Tone Atharavedic Independent Svarita
U+1CE2 Mark [Mn] AVAGRAHA OVERSTRUCK ᳢ Sign Visarga Svarita
U+1CE3 Mark [Mn] null OVERSTRUCK ᳣ Sign Visarga Udatta
U+1CE4 Mark [Mn] null OVERSTRUCK ᳤ Sign Reversed Visarga Udatta
U+1CE5 Mark [Mn] null OVERSTRUCK ᳥ Sign Visarga Anudatta
U+1CE6 Mark [Mn] null OVERSTRUCK ᳦ Sign Reversed Visarga Anudatta
U+1CE7 Mark [Mn] null OVERSTRUCK ᳧ Sign Visarga Udatta With Tail
U+1CE8 Mark [Mn] AVAGRAHA OVERSTRUCK ᳨ Sign Visarga Anudatta With Tail
U+1CE9 Letter SYMBOL null ᳩ Sign Anusvara Antargomukha
U+1CEA Letter null null ᳪ Sign Anusvara Bahirgomukha
U+1CEB Letter null null ᳫ Sign Anusvara Vamagomukha
U+1CEC Letter SYMBOL null ᳬ Sign Anusvara Vamagomukha With Tail
U+1CED Mark [Mn] AVAGRAHA BOTTOM_POSITION ᳭ Sign Tiryak
U+1CEE Letter SYMBOL null ᳮ Sign Hexiform Long Anusvara
U+1CEF Letter null null ᳯ Sign Long Anusvara
U+1CF0 Letter null null ᳰ Sign Rthang Long Anusvara
U+1CF2 Letter CONSONANT_DEAD null ᳲ Sign Ardhavisarga
U+1CF3 Letter CONSONANT_DEAD null ᳳ Sign Rotated Ardhavisarga
U+1CF3 Mark [Mc] VISARGA null ᳳ Sign Rotated Ardhavisarga
U+1CF4 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ᳴ Tone Candra Above
U+1CF5 Letter CONSONANT_WITH_STACKER null ᳵ Sign Jihvamuliya
U+1CF6 Letter CONSONANT_WITH_STACKER null ᳶ Sign Upadhmaniya
U+1CF7 Mark [Mc] null null ᳷ Sign Atikrama
U+1CF8 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION null ᳸ Tone Ring Above
U+1CF9 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION null ᳹ Tone Double Ring Above
U+1CFA Letter PLACEHOLDER null ᳺ Sign Double Anusvara Antargomukha
U+1CFB unassigned
U+1CFC unassigned
U+1CFD unassigned
U+1CFE unassigned
U+1CFF unassigned

Miscellaneous character table

In addition to general punctuation, runs of Gujarati text often use the danda (U+0964) and double danda (U+0965) punctuation marks from the Devanagari block. Gujarati text can also incorporate the udatta (U+0951) and anudatta (U+0952) signs from the Devanagari block.

Codepoint Unicode category Shaping class Mark-placement subclass Glyph
U+0951 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION TOP_POSITION ॑ Udatta
U+0952 Mark [Mn] CANTILLATION BOTTOM_POSITION ॒ Anudatta
U+0964 Punctuation null null । Danda
U+0965 Punctuation null null ॥ Double Danda

Other important characters that may be encountered when shaping runs of Gujarati text include the dotted-circle placeholder (U+25CC), the zero-width joiner (U+200D) and zero-width non-joiner (U+200C), and the no-break space (U+00A0).

The dotted-circle placeholder is frequently used when displaying a dependent vowel (matra) or a combining mark in isolation. Real-world text syllables may also use other characters, such as hyphens or dashes, in a similar placeholder fashion; shaping engines should cope with this situation gracefully.

Codepoint Unicode category Shaping class Mark-placement subclass Glyph
U+00A0 Separator PLACEHOLDER null   No-break space
U+200C Other NON_JOINER null ‌ Zero-width non-joiner
U+200D Other JOINER null ‍ Zero-width joiner
U+2010 Punctuation PLACEHOLDER null ‐ Hyphen
U+2011 Punctuation PLACEHOLDER null ‑ No-break hyphen
U+2012 Punctuation PLACEHOLDER null ‒ Figure dash
U+2013 Punctuation PLACEHOLDER null – En dash
U+2014 Punctuation PLACEHOLDER null — Em dash
U+25CC Symbol DOTTED_CIRCLE null ◌ Dotted circle

The zero-width joiner (ZWJ) is primarily used to prevent the formation of a conjunct from a "Consonant,Halant,Consonant" sequence. The sequence "Consonant,Halant,ZWJ,Consonant" blocks the formation of a conjunct between the two consonants.

Note, however, that the "Consonant,Halant" subsequence in the above example may still trigger a half-forms feature. To prevent the application of the half-forms feature in addition to preventing the conjunct, the zero-width non-joiner (ZWNJ) must be used instead. The sequence "Consonant,Halant,ZWNJ,Consonant" should produce the first consonant in its standard form, followed by an explicit "Halant".

A secondary usage of the zero-width joiner is to prevent the formation of "Reph". An initial "Ra,Halant,ZWJ" sequence should not produce a "Reph", where an initial "Ra,Halant" sequence without the zero-width joiner otherwise would.

The no-break space (NBSP) is primarily used to display those codepoints that are defined as non-spacing (marks, dependent vowels (matras), below-base consonant forms, and post-base consonant forms) in an isolated context, as an alternative to displaying them superimposed on the dotted-circle placeholder. These sequences will match "NBSP,ZWJ,Halant,Consonant", "NBSP,mark", or "NBSP,matra".