diff --git a/MANIFEST.in b/MANIFEST.in index 1c7abd89..792fbdba 100644 --- a/MANIFEST.in +++ b/MANIFEST.in @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -include README.md +include README.rst include LICENSE.txt include tox.ini recursive-include tests * diff --git a/README.md b/README.md deleted file mode 100644 index ceb4c858..00000000 --- a/README.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,659 +0,0 @@ -# VCR.py - -![vcr.py](https://raw.github.com/kevin1024/vcrpy/master/vcr.png) - -This is a Python version of [Ruby's VCR library](https://github.com/vcr/vcr). - -[![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/kevin1024/vcrpy.png?branch=master)](http://travis-ci.org/kevin1024/vcrpy) -[![Stories in Ready](https://badge.waffle.io/kevin1024/vcrpy.png?label=ready&title=Ready)](https://waffle.io/kevin1024/vcrpy) - -## What it does -VCR.py simplifies and speeds up tests that make HTTP -requests. The first time you run code that is inside a VCR.py context -manager or decorated function, VCR.py records all HTTP interactions -that take place through the libraries it supports and serializes and -writes them to a flat file (in yaml format by default). This flat file -is called a cassette. When the relevant peice of code is executed -again, VCR.py will read the serialized requests and responses from the -aforementioned cassette file, and intercept any HTTP requests that it -recognizes from the original test run and return responses that -corresponded to those requests. This means that the requests will not -actually result in HTTP traffic, which confers several benefits -including: - -- The ability to work offline -- Completely deterministic tests -- Increased test execution speed - -If the server you are testing against ever changes its API, all you -need to do is delete your existing cassette files, and run your tests -again. VCR.py will detect the absence of a cassette file and once -again record all HTTP interactions, which will update them to -correspond to the new API. - -## Compatibility Notes -VCR.py supports Python 2.6 and 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, and [pypy](http://pypy.org). - -The following http libraries are supported: - - * urllib2 - * urllib3 - * http.client (python3) - * requests (both 1.x and 2.x versions) - * httplib2 - * boto - -## Usage -```python -import vcr -import urllib2 - -with vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml'): - response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() - assert 'Example domains' in response -``` - -Run this test once, and VCR.py will record the HTTP request to -`fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yml`. Run it again, and VCR.py will replay the -response from iana.org when the http request is made. This test is now fast (no -real HTTP requests are made anymore), deterministic (the test will continue to -pass, even if you are offline, or iana.org goes down for maintenance) and -accurate (the response will contain the same headers and body you get from a -real request). - -You can also use VCR.py as a decorator. The same request above would look like -this: - -```python -@vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml') -def test_iana(): - response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() - assert 'Example domains' in response -``` - -When using the decorator version of `use_cassette`, it is possible to -omit the path to the cassette file. - -```python -@vcr.use_cassette() -def test_iana(): - response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() - assert 'Example domains' in response -``` - -In this case, the cassette file will be given the same name as the test function, and it will be placed in the same directory as the file in which the test is defined. See the Automatic Test Naming section below for more details. - -## Configuration - -If you don't like VCR's defaults, you can set options by instantiating a `VCR` -class and setting the options on it. - -```python - -import vcr - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR( - serializer = 'json', - cassette_library_dir = 'fixtures/cassettes', - record_mode = 'once', - match_on = ['uri', 'method'], -) - -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.json'): - # your http code here -``` - -Otherwise, you can override options each time you use a cassette. - -```python -with vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', serializer='json', record_mode='once'): - # your http code here -``` - -Note: Per-cassette overrides take precedence over the global config. - -## Request matching - -Request matching is configurable and allows you to change which requests VCR -considers identical. The default behavior is -`['method', 'scheme', 'host', 'port', 'path', 'query']` which means that -requests with both the same URL and method (ie POST or GET) are considered -identical. - -This can be configured by changing the `match_on` setting. - -The following options are available : - - * method (for example, POST or GET) - * uri (the full URI.) - * host (the hostname of the server receiving the request) - * port (the port of the server receiving the request) - * path (the path of the request) - * query (the query string of the request) - * body (the entire request body) - * headers (the headers of the request) - - Backwards compatible matchers: - * url (the `uri` alias) - -If these options don't work for you, you can also register your own request -matcher. This is described in the Advanced section of this README. - -## Record Modes -VCR supports 4 record modes (with the same behavior as Ruby's VCR): - -### once - - * Replay previously recorded interactions. - * Record new interactions if there is no cassette file. - * Cause an error to be raised for new requests if there is a cassette file. - -It is similar to the new_episodes record mode, but will prevent new, unexpected -requests from being made (i.e. because the request URI changed). - -once is the default record mode, used when you do not set one. - -### new_episodes - - * Record new interactions. - * Replay previously recorded interactions. It is similar to the once record - mode, but will always record new interactions, even if you have an existing - recorded one that is similar, but not identical. - -This was the default behavior in versions < 0.3.0 - -### none - - * Replay previously recorded interactions. - * Cause an error to be raised for any new requests. This is useful when your - code makes potentially dangerous HTTP requests. The none record mode - guarantees that no new HTTP requests will be made. - -### all - - * Record new interactions. - * Never replay previously recorded interactions. This can be temporarily used - to force VCR to re-record a cassette (i.e. to ensure the responses are not - out of date) or can be used when you simply want to log all HTTP requests. - -## Advanced Features - -If you want, VCR.py can return information about the cassette it is using to -record your requests and responses. This will let you record your requests and -responses and make assertions on them, to make sure that your code under test -is generating the expected requests and responses. This feature is not present -in Ruby's VCR, but I think it is a nice addition. Here's an example: - -```python -import vcr -import urllib2 - -with vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml') as cass: - response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.zombo.com/').read() - # cass should have 1 request inside it - assert len(cass) == 1 - # the request uri should have been http://www.zombo.com/ - assert cass.requests[0].uri == 'http://www.zombo.com/' -``` - -The `Cassette` object exposes the following properties which I consider part of -the API. The fields are as follows: - - * `requests`: A list of vcr.Request objects corresponding to the http requests - that were made during the recording of the cassette. The requests appear in the - order that they were originally processed. - * `responses`: A list of the responses made. - * `play_count`: The number of times this cassette has played back a response. - * `all_played`: A boolean indicating whether all the responses have been - played back. - * `responses_of(request)`: Access the responses that match a given request - -The `Request` object has the following properties: - - * `uri`: The full uri of the request. Example: "https://google.com/?q=vcrpy" - * `scheme`: The scheme used to make the request (http or https) - * `host`: The host of the request, for example "www.google.com" - * `port`: The port the request was made on - * `path`: The path of the request. For example "/" or "/home.html" - * `query`: The parsed query string of the request. Sorted list of name, value pairs. - * `method` : The method used to make the request, for example "GET" or "POST" - * `body`: The body of the request, usually empty except for POST / PUT / etc - - Backwards compatible properties: - - * `url`: The `uri` alias - * `protocol`: The `scheme` alias - - -## Register your own serializer - -Don't like JSON or YAML? That's OK, VCR.py can serialize to any format you -would like. Create your own module or class instance with 2 methods: - - * `def deserialize(cassette_string)` - * `def serialize(cassette_dict)` - -Finally, register your class with VCR to use your new serializer. - -```python -import vcr - -class BogoSerializer(object): - """ - Must implement serialize() and deserialize() methods - """ - pass - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR() -my_vcr.register_serializer('bogo', BogoSerializer()) - -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.bogo', serializer='bogo'): - # your http here - -# After you register, you can set the default serializer to your new serializer - -my_vcr.serializer = 'bogo' - -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.bogo'): - # your http here - -``` - -## Register your own request matcher - -Create your own method with the following signature - -```python -def my_matcher(r1, r2): -``` - -Your method receives the two requests and must return `True` if they match, -`False` if they don't. - -Finally, register your method with VCR to use your new request matcher. - -```python -import vcr - -def jurassic_matcher(r1, r2): - return r1.uri == r2.uri and 'JURASSIC PARK' in r1.body - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR() -my_vcr.register_matcher('jurassic', jurassic_matcher) - -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', match_on=['jurassic']): - # your http here - -# After you register, you can set the default match_on to use your new matcher - -my_vcr.match_on = ['jurassic'] - -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): - # your http here - -``` - -## Filter sensitive data from the request - -If you are checking your cassettes into source control, and are using some form -of authentication in your tests, you can filter out that information so it won't -appear in your cassette files. There are a few ways to do this: - -### Filter information from HTTP Headers -Use the `filter_headers` configuration option with a list of headers to filter. - -```python -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_headers=['authorization']): - # sensitive HTTP request goes here -``` - -### Filter information from HTTP querystring -Use the `filter_query_parameters` configuration option with a list of query -parameters to filter. - -```python -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_query_parameters=['api_key']): - requests.get('http://api.com/getdata?api_key=secretstring') -``` - -### Filter information from HTTP post data -Use the `filter_post_data_parameters` configuration option with a list of post data -parameters to filter. - -```python -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_post_data_parameters=['client_secret']): - requests.post('http://api.com/postdata', data={'api_key': 'secretstring'}) -``` - -### Custom Request filtering - -If none of these covers your request filtering needs, you can register a callback -that will manipulate the HTTP request before adding it to the cassette. Use the -`before_record` configuration option to so this. Here is an example that will - never record requests to the /login endpoint. - -```python -def before_record_cb(request): - if request.path != '/login': - return request - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR( - before_record = before_record_cb, -) -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): - # your http code here -``` - -You can also mutate the response using this callback. For example, you could -remove all query parameters from any requests to the `'/login'` path. - -```python -def scrub_login_request(request): - if request.path == '/login': - request.uri, _ = urllib.splitquery(response.uri) - return request - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR( - before_record=scrub_login_request, -) -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): - # your http code here -``` - -### Custom Response Filtering - -VCR.py also suports response filtering with the `before_record_response` keyword -argument. It's usage is similar to that of `before_record`: - -```python -def scrub_string(string, replacement=''): - def before_record_reponse(response): - return response['body']['string'] = response['body']['string'].replace(string, replacement) - return scrub_string - -my_vcr = vcr.VCR( - before_record=scrub_string(settings.USERNAME, 'username'), -) -with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): - # your http code here -``` - -## Ignore requests - -If you would like to completely ignore certain requests, you can do it in a -few ways: - - * Set the `ignore_localhost` option equal to True. This will not record any - requests sent to (or responses from) localhost, 127.0.0.1, or 0.0.0.0. - * Set the `ignore_hosts` configuration option to a list of hosts to ignore - * Add a `before_record` callback that returns None for requests you want to - ignore - -Requests that are ignored by VCR will not be saved in a cassette, nor played -back from a cassette. VCR will completely ignore those requests as if it -didn't notice them at all, and they will continue to hit the server as if VCR -were not there. - -## Custom Patches - -If you use a custom `HTTPConnection` class, or otherwise make http -requests in a way that requires additional patching, you can use the -`custom_patches` keyword argument of the `VCR` and `Cassette` objects -to patch those objects whenever a cassette's context is entered. To -patch a custom version of `HTTPConnection` you can do something like -this: - -``` -import where_the_custom_https_connection_lives -from vcr.stubs import VCRHTTPSConnection -my_vcr = config.VCR(custom_patches=((where_the_custom_https_connection_lives, 'CustomHTTPSConnection', VCRHTTPSConnection),)) - -@my_vcr.use_cassette(...) -``` - -## Automatic Cassette Naming - -VCR.py now allows the omission of the path argument to the -use_cassette function. Both of the following are now legal/should work - -``` python -@my_vcr.use_cassette -def my_test_function(): - ... -``` - -``` python -@my_vcr.use_cassette() -def my_test_function(): - ... -``` - -In both cases, VCR.py will use a path that is generated from the -provided test function's name. If no `cassette_library_dir` has been -set, the cassette will be in a file with the name of the test function -in directory of the file in which the test function is declared. If a -`cassette_library_dir` has been set, the cassette will appear -in that directory in a file with the name of the decorated function. - -It is possible to control the path produced by the automatic naming -machinery by customizing the `path_transformer` and -`func_path_generator` vcr variables. To add an extension to all -cassette names, use `VCR.ensure_suffix` as follows: - -``` python -my_vcr = VCR(path_transformer=VCR.ensure_suffix('.yaml')) - -@my_vcr.use_cassette -def my_test_function(): - -``` - -## Installation - -VCR.py is a package on PyPI, so you can `pip install vcrpy` (first you may need -to `brew install libyaml` [[Homebrew](http://mxcl.github.com/homebrew/)]) - -## Ruby VCR compatibility - -VCR.py does not aim to match the format of the Ruby VCR YAML files. Cassettes -generated by Ruby's VCR are not compatible with VCR.py. - -## Running VCR's test suite - -The tests are all run automatically on [Travis -CI](https://travis-ci.org/kevin1024/vcrpy), but you can also run them yourself -using [py.test](http://pytest.org/) and [Tox](http://tox.testrun.org/). Tox -will automatically run them in all environments VCR.py supports. The test -suite is pretty big and slow, but you can tell tox to only run specific tests -like this: - -`tox -e py27requests -- -v -k "'test_status_code or test_gzip'"` - -This will run only tests that look like `test_status_code` or `test_gzip` in -the test suite, and only in the python 2.7 environment that has `requests` -installed. - -Also, in order for the boto tests to run, you will need an AWS key. Refer to -the [boto -documentation](http://boto.readthedocs.org/en/latest/getting_started.html) for -how to set this up. I have marked the boto tests as optional in Travis so you -don't have to worry about them failing if you submit a pull request. - - -## Logging -VCR.py has a few log messages you can turn on to help you figure out if HTTP -requests are hitting a real server or not. You can turn them on like this: - -```python -import vcr -import requests -import logging - -logging.basicConfig() # you need to initialize logging, otherwise you will not see anything from vcrpy -vcr_log = logging.getLogger("vcr") -vcr_log.setLevel(logging.INFO) - -with vcr.use_cassette('headers.yml'): - requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers') -``` - -The first time you run this, you will see: - -``` -INFO:vcr.stubs: not in cassette, sending to real server -``` - -The second time, you will see: - -``` -INFO:vcr.stubs:Playing response for from cassette -``` - -If you set the loglevel to DEBUG, you will also get information about which -matchers didn't match. This can help you with debugging custom matchers. - - -## Upgrade - -### New Cassette Format -The cassette format has changed in _VCR.py 1.x_, the _VCR.py 0.x_ cassettes -cannot be used with _VCR.py 1.x_. The easiest way to upgrade is to simply -delete your cassettes and re-record all of them. VCR.py also provides a -migration script that attempts to upgrade your 0.x cassettes to the new 1.x -format. To use it, run the following command: - -``` -python -m vcr.migration PATH -``` - -The PATH can be either a path to the directory with cassettes or the path to a -single cassette. - -*Note*: Back up your cassettes files before migration. -The migration *should* only modify cassettes using the old 0.x format. - -## New serializer / deserializer API - -If you made a custom serializer, you will need to update it to match the new -API in version 1.0.x - - * Serializers now take dicts and return strings. - * Deserializers take strings and return dicts (instead of requests, responses - pair) - - -## Changelog - * 1.5.2 Fix crash when cassette path contains cassette library - directory (thanks @gazpachoking). - * 1.5.0 Automatic cassette naming and 'application/json' post data - filtering (thanks @marco-santamaria). - * 1.4.2 Fix a bug caused by requests 2.7 and chunked transfer encoding - * 1.4.1 Include README, tests, LICENSE in package. Thanks @ralphbean. - * 1.4.0 Filter post data parameters (thanks @eadmundo), support for - posting files through requests, inject_cassette kwarg to access - cassette from `use_cassette` decorated function, - `with_current_defaults` actually works (thanks @samstav). - * 1.3.0 Fix/add support for urllib3 (thanks @aisch), fix default - port for https (thanks @abhinav). - * 1.2.0 Add custom_patches argument to VCR/Cassette objects to allow - users to stub custom classes when cassettes become active. - * 1.1.4 Add force reset around calls to actual connection from stubs, to ensure - compatibility with the version of httplib/urlib2 in python 2.7.9. - * 1.1.3 Fix python3 headers field (thanks @rtaboada), fix boto test (thanks - @telaviv), fix new_episodes record mode (thanks @jashugan), fix Windows - connectionpool stub bug (thanks @gazpachoking), add support for requests 2.5 - * 1.1.2 Add urllib==1.7.1 support. Make json serialize error handling correct - Improve logging of match failures. - * 1.1.1 Use function signature preserving `wrapt.decorator` to write the - decorator version of use_cassette in order to ensure compatibility with - py.test fixtures and python 2. Move all request filtering into the - `before_record_callable`. - * 1.1.0 Add `before_record_response`. Fix several bugs related to the context - management of cassettes. - * 1.0.3: Fix an issue with requests 2.4 and make sure case sensitivity is - consistent across python versions - * 1.0.2: Fix an issue with requests 2.3 - * 1.0.1: Fix a bug with the new ignore requests feature and the once - record mode - * 1.0.0: _BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE_: Please see the 'upgrade' section in the - README. Take a look at the matcher section as well, you might want to - update your `match_on` settings. Add support for filtering sensitive - data from requests, matching query strings after the order changes and - improving the built-in matchers, (thanks to @mshytikov), support for - ignoring requests to certain hosts, bump supported Python3 version to - 3.4, fix some bugs with Boto support (thanks @marusich), fix error with - URL field capitalization in README (thanks @simon-weber), added some log - messages to help with debugging, added `all_played` property on cassette - (thanks @mshytikov) - * 0.7.0: VCR.py now supports Python 3! (thanks @asundg) Also I refactored - the stub connections quite a bit to add support for the putrequest and - putheader calls. This version also adds support for httplib2 (thanks - @nilp0inter). I have added a couple tests for boto since it is an http - client in its own right. Finally, this version includes a fix for a bug - where requests wasn't being patched properly (thanks @msabramo). - * 0.6.0: Store response headers as a list since a HTTP response can have the - same header twice (happens with set-cookie sometimes). This has the added - benefit of preserving the order of headers. Thanks @smallcode for the bug - report leading to this change. I have made an effort to ensure backwards - compatibility with the old cassettes' header storage mechanism, but if you - want to upgrade to the new header storage, you should delete your - cassettes and re-record them. Also this release adds better error messages - (thanks @msabramo) and adds support for using VCR as a decorator (thanks - @smallcode for the motivation) - * 0.5.0: Change the `response_of` method to `responses_of` since cassettes - can now contain more than one response for a request. Since this changes - the API, I'm bumping the version. Also includes 2 bugfixes: a better error - message when attempting to overwrite a cassette file, and a fix for a bug - with requests sessions (thanks @msabramo) - * 0.4.0: Change default request recording behavior for multiple requests. If - you make the same request multiple times to the same URL, the response - might be different each time (maybe the response has a timestamp in it or - something), so this will make the same request multiple times and save them - all. Then, when you are replaying the cassette, the responses will be - played back in the same order in which they were received. If you were - making multiple requests to the same URL in a cassette before version - 0.4.0, you might need to regenerate your cassette files. Also, removes - support for the cassette.play_count counter API, since individual requests - aren't unique anymore. A cassette might contain the same request several - times. Also removes secure overwrite feature since that was breaking - overwriting files in Windows, and fixes a bug preventing request's - automatic body decompression from working. - * 0.3.5: Fix compatibility with requests 2.x - * 0.3.4: Bugfix: close file before renaming it. This fixes an issue on - Windows. Thanks @smallcode for the fix. - * 0.3.3: Bugfix for error message when an unreigstered custom matcher was - used - * 0.3.2: Fix issue with new config syntax and the `match_on` parameter. - Thanks, @chromy! - * 0.3.1: Fix issue causing full paths to be sent on the HTTP request line. - * 0.3.0: *Backwards incompatible release* - Added support for record modes, - and changed the default recording behavior to the "once" record mode. - Please see the documentation on record modes for more. Added support for - custom request matching, and changed the default request matching behavior to - match only on the URL and method. Also, improved the httplib mocking to add - support for the `HTTPConnection.send()` method. This means that requests won't - actually be sent until the response is read, since I need to record the entire - request in order to match up the appropriate response. I don't think this - should cause any issues unless you are sending requests without ever loading - the response (which none of the standard httplib wrappers do, as far as I know. - Thanks to @fatuhoku for some of the ideas and the motivation behind this - release. - * 0.2.1: Fixed missing modules in setup.py - * 0.2.0: Added configuration API, which lets you configure some settings on - VCR (see the README). Also, VCR no longer saves cassettes if they haven't - changed at all and supports JSON as well as YAML (thanks @sirpengi). Added - amazing new skeumorphic logo, thanks @hairarrow. - * 0.1.0: *backwards incompatible release - delete your old cassette files*: - This release adds the ability to access the cassette to make assertions on - it, as well as a major code refactor thanks to @dlecocq. It also fixes a - couple longstanding bugs with redirects and HTTPS. [#3 and #4] - * 0.0.4: If you have libyaml installed, vcrpy will use the c bindings - instead. Speed up your tests! Thanks @dlecocq - * 0.0.3: Add support for requests 1.2.3. Support for older versions of - requests dropped (thanks @vitormazzi and @bryanhelmig) - * 0.0.2: Add support for requests / urllib3 - * 0.0.1: Initial Release - -# License - -This library uses the MIT license. See [LICENSE.txt](LICENSE.txt) for more details diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..611c7e38 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.rst @@ -0,0 +1,737 @@ +VCR.py +====== + +.. figure:: https://raw.github.com/kevin1024/vcrpy/master/vcr.png + :alt: vcr.py + + vcr.py +This is a Python version of `Ruby's VCR +library `__. + +|Build Status| |Stories in Ready| + +What it does +------------ + +VCR.py simplifies and speeds up tests that make HTTP requests. The first +time you run code that is inside a VCR.py context manager or decorated +function, VCR.py records all HTTP interactions that take place through +the libraries it supports and serializes and writes them to a flat file +(in yaml format by default). This flat file is called a cassette. When +the relevant peice of code is executed again, VCR.py will read the +serialized requests and responses from the aforementioned cassette file, +and intercept any HTTP requests that it recognizes from the original +test run and return responses that corresponded to those requests. This +means that the requests will not actually result in HTTP traffic, which +confers several benefits including: + +- The ability to work offline +- Completely deterministic tests +- Increased test execution speed + +If the server you are testing against ever changes its API, all you need +to do is delete your existing cassette files, and run your tests again. +VCR.py will detect the absence of a cassette file and once again record +all HTTP interactions, which will update them to correspond to the new +API. + +Compatibility Notes +------------------- + +VCR.py supports Python 2.6 and 2.7, 3.3, 3.4, and +`pypy `__. + +The following http libraries are supported: + +- urllib2 +- urllib3 +- http.client (python3) +- requests (both 1.x and 2.x versions) +- httplib2 +- boto + +Usage +----- + +.. code:: python + + import vcr + import urllib2 + + with vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml'): + response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() + assert 'Example domains' in response + +Run this test once, and VCR.py will record the HTTP request to +``fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yml``. Run it again, and VCR.py will +replay the response from iana.org when the http request is made. This +test is now fast (no real HTTP requests are made anymore), deterministic +(the test will continue to pass, even if you are offline, or iana.org +goes down for maintenance) and accurate (the response will contain the +same headers and body you get from a real request). + +You can also use VCR.py as a decorator. The same request above would +look like this: + +.. code:: python + + @vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml') + def test_iana(): + response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() + assert 'Example domains' in response + +When using the decorator version of ``use_cassette``, it is possible to +omit the path to the cassette file. + +.. code:: python + + @vcr.use_cassette() + def test_iana(): + response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.iana.org/domains/reserved').read() + assert 'Example domains' in response + +In this case, the cassette file will be given the same name as the test +function, and it will be placed in the same directory as the file in +which the test is defined. See the Automatic Test Naming section below +for more details. + +Configuration +------------- + +If you don't like VCR's defaults, you can set options by instantiating a +``VCR`` class and setting the options on it. + +.. code:: python + + + import vcr + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR( + serializer = 'json', + cassette_library_dir = 'fixtures/cassettes', + record_mode = 'once', + match_on = ['uri', 'method'], + ) + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.json'): + # your http code here + +Otherwise, you can override options each time you use a cassette. + +.. code:: python + + with vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', serializer='json', record_mode='once'): + # your http code here + +Note: Per-cassette overrides take precedence over the global config. + +Request matching +---------------- + +Request matching is configurable and allows you to change which requests +VCR considers identical. The default behavior is +``['method', 'scheme', 'host', 'port', 'path', 'query']`` which means +that requests with both the same URL and method (ie POST or GET) are +considered identical. + +This can be configured by changing the ``match_on`` setting. + +The following options are available : + +- method (for example, POST or GET) +- uri (the full URI.) +- host (the hostname of the server receiving the request) +- port (the port of the server receiving the request) +- path (the path of the request) +- query (the query string of the request) +- body (the entire request body) +- headers (the headers of the request) + + Backwards compatible matchers: +- url (the ``uri`` alias) + +If these options don't work for you, you can also register your own +request matcher. This is described in the Advanced section of this +README. + +Record Modes +------------ + +VCR supports 4 record modes (with the same behavior as Ruby's VCR): + +once +~~~~ + +- Replay previously recorded interactions. +- Record new interactions if there is no cassette file. +- Cause an error to be raised for new requests if there is a cassette + file. + +It is similar to the new\_episodes record mode, but will prevent new, +unexpected requests from being made (i.e. because the request URI +changed). + +once is the default record mode, used when you do not set one. + +new\_episodes +~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +- Record new interactions. +- Replay previously recorded interactions. It is similar to the once + record mode, but will always record new interactions, even if you + have an existing recorded one that is similar, but not identical. + +This was the default behavior in versions < 0.3.0 + +none +~~~~ + +- Replay previously recorded interactions. +- Cause an error to be raised for any new requests. This is useful when + your code makes potentially dangerous HTTP requests. The none record + mode guarantees that no new HTTP requests will be made. + +all +~~~ + +- Record new interactions. +- Never replay previously recorded interactions. This can be + temporarily used to force VCR to re-record a cassette (i.e. to ensure + the responses are not out of date) or can be used when you simply + want to log all HTTP requests. + +Advanced Features +----------------- + +If you want, VCR.py can return information about the cassette it is +using to record your requests and responses. This will let you record +your requests and responses and make assertions on them, to make sure +that your code under test is generating the expected requests and +responses. This feature is not present in Ruby's VCR, but I think it is +a nice addition. Here's an example: + +.. code:: python + + import vcr + import urllib2 + + with vcr.use_cassette('fixtures/vcr_cassettes/synopsis.yaml') as cass: + response = urllib2.urlopen('http://www.zombo.com/').read() + # cass should have 1 request inside it + assert len(cass) == 1 + # the request uri should have been http://www.zombo.com/ + assert cass.requests[0].uri == 'http://www.zombo.com/' + +The ``Cassette`` object exposes the following properties which I +consider part of the API. The fields are as follows: + +- ``requests``: A list of vcr.Request objects corresponding to the http + requests that were made during the recording of the cassette. The + requests appear in the order that they were originally processed. +- ``responses``: A list of the responses made. +- ``play_count``: The number of times this cassette has played back a + response. +- ``all_played``: A boolean indicating whether all the responses have + been played back. +- ``responses_of(request)``: Access the responses that match a given + request + +The ``Request`` object has the following properties: + +- ``uri``: The full uri of the request. Example: + "https://google.com/?q=vcrpy" +- ``scheme``: The scheme used to make the request (http or https) +- ``host``: The host of the request, for example "www.google.com" +- ``port``: The port the request was made on +- ``path``: The path of the request. For example "/" or "/home.html" +- ``query``: The parsed query string of the request. Sorted list of + name, value pairs. +- ``method`` : The method used to make the request, for example "GET" + or "POST" +- ``body``: The body of the request, usually empty except for POST / + PUT / etc + +Backwards compatible properties: + +- ``url``: The ``uri`` alias +- ``protocol``: The ``scheme`` alias + +Register your own serializer +---------------------------- + +Don't like JSON or YAML? That's OK, VCR.py can serialize to any format +you would like. Create your own module or class instance with 2 methods: + +- ``def deserialize(cassette_string)`` +- ``def serialize(cassette_dict)`` + +Finally, register your class with VCR to use your new serializer. + +.. code:: python + + import vcr + + class BogoSerializer(object): + """ + Must implement serialize() and deserialize() methods + """ + pass + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR() + my_vcr.register_serializer('bogo', BogoSerializer()) + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.bogo', serializer='bogo'): + # your http here + + # After you register, you can set the default serializer to your new serializer + + my_vcr.serializer = 'bogo' + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.bogo'): + # your http here + +Register your own request matcher +--------------------------------- + +Create your own method with the following signature + +.. code:: python + + def my_matcher(r1, r2): + +Your method receives the two requests and must return ``True`` if they +match, ``False`` if they don't. + +Finally, register your method with VCR to use your new request matcher. + +.. code:: python + + import vcr + + def jurassic_matcher(r1, r2): + return r1.uri == r2.uri and 'JURASSIC PARK' in r1.body + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR() + my_vcr.register_matcher('jurassic', jurassic_matcher) + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', match_on=['jurassic']): + # your http here + + # After you register, you can set the default match_on to use your new matcher + + my_vcr.match_on = ['jurassic'] + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): + # your http here + +Filter sensitive data from the request +-------------------------------------- + +If you are checking your cassettes into source control, and are using +some form of authentication in your tests, you can filter out that +information so it won't appear in your cassette files. There are a few +ways to do this: + +Filter information from HTTP Headers +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Use the ``filter_headers`` configuration option with a list of headers +to filter. + +.. code:: python + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_headers=['authorization']): + # sensitive HTTP request goes here + +Filter information from HTTP querystring +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Use the ``filter_query_parameters`` configuration option with a list of +query parameters to filter. + +.. code:: python + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_query_parameters=['api_key']): + requests.get('http://api.com/getdata?api_key=secretstring') + +Filter information from HTTP post data +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Use the ``filter_post_data_parameters`` configuration option with a list +of post data parameters to filter. + +.. code:: python + + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml', filter_post_data_parameters=['client_secret']): + requests.post('http://api.com/postdata', data={'api_key': 'secretstring'}) + +Custom Request filtering +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +If none of these covers your request filtering needs, you can register a +callback that will manipulate the HTTP request before adding it to the +cassette. Use the ``before_record`` configuration option to so this. +Here is an example that will never record requests to the /login +endpoint. + +.. code:: python + + def before_record_cb(request): + if request.path != '/login': + return request + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR( + before_record = before_record_cb, + ) + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): + # your http code here + +You can also mutate the response using this callback. For example, you +could remove all query parameters from any requests to the ``'/login'`` +path. + +.. code:: python + + def scrub_login_request(request): + if request.path == '/login': + request.uri, _ = urllib.splitquery(response.uri) + return request + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR( + before_record=scrub_login_request, + ) + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): + # your http code here + +Custom Response Filtering +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +VCR.py also suports response filtering with the +``before_record_response`` keyword argument. It's usage is similar to +that of ``before_record``: + +.. code:: python + + def scrub_string(string, replacement=''): + def before_record_reponse(response): + return response['body']['string'] = response['body']['string'].replace(string, replacement) + return scrub_string + + my_vcr = vcr.VCR( + before_record=scrub_string(settings.USERNAME, 'username'), + ) + with my_vcr.use_cassette('test.yml'): + # your http code here + +Ignore requests +--------------- + +If you would like to completely ignore certain requests, you can do it +in a few ways: + +- Set the ``ignore_localhost`` option equal to True. This will not + record any requests sent to (or responses from) localhost, 127.0.0.1, + or 0.0.0.0. +- Set the ``ignore_hosts`` configuration option to a list of hosts to + ignore +- Add a ``before_record`` callback that returns None for requests you + want to ignore + +Requests that are ignored by VCR will not be saved in a cassette, nor +played back from a cassette. VCR will completely ignore those requests +as if it didn't notice them at all, and they will continue to hit the +server as if VCR were not there. + +Custom Patches +-------------- + +If you use a custom ``HTTPConnection`` class, or otherwise make http +requests in a way that requires additional patching, you can use the +``custom_patches`` keyword argument of the ``VCR`` and ``Cassette`` +objects to patch those objects whenever a cassette's context is entered. +To patch a custom version of ``HTTPConnection`` you can do something +like this: + +:: + + import where_the_custom_https_connection_lives + from vcr.stubs import VCRHTTPSConnection + my_vcr = config.VCR(custom_patches=((where_the_custom_https_connection_lives, 'CustomHTTPSConnection', VCRHTTPSConnection),)) + + @my_vcr.use_cassette(...) + +Automatic Cassette Naming +------------------------- + +VCR.py now allows the omission of the path argument to the use\_cassette +function. Both of the following are now legal/should work + +.. code:: python + + @my_vcr.use_cassette + def my_test_function(): + ... + +.. code:: python + + @my_vcr.use_cassette() + def my_test_function(): + ... + +In both cases, VCR.py will use a path that is generated from the +provided test function's name. If no ``cassette_library_dir`` has been +set, the cassette will be in a file with the name of the test function +in directory of the file in which the test function is declared. If a +``cassette_library_dir`` has been set, the cassette will appear in that +directory in a file with the name of the decorated function. + +It is possible to control the path produced by the automatic naming +machinery by customizing the ``path_transformer`` and +``func_path_generator`` vcr variables. To add an extension to all +cassette names, use ``VCR.ensure_suffix`` as follows: + +.. code:: python + + my_vcr = VCR(path_transformer=VCR.ensure_suffix('.yaml')) + + @my_vcr.use_cassette + def my_test_function(): + +Installation +------------ + +VCR.py is a package on PyPI, so you can ``pip install vcrpy`` (first you +may need to ``brew install libyaml`` +[`Homebrew `__\ ]) + +Ruby VCR compatibility +---------------------- + +VCR.py does not aim to match the format of the Ruby VCR YAML files. +Cassettes generated by Ruby's VCR are not compatible with VCR.py. + +Running VCR's test suite +------------------------ + +The tests are all run automatically on `Travis +CI `__, but you can also run them +yourself using `py.test `__ and +`Tox `__. Tox will automatically run them in +all environments VCR.py supports. The test suite is pretty big and slow, +but you can tell tox to only run specific tests like this: + +``tox -e py27requests -- -v -k "'test_status_code or test_gzip'"`` + +This will run only tests that look like ``test_status_code`` or +``test_gzip`` in the test suite, and only in the python 2.7 environment +that has ``requests`` installed. + +Also, in order for the boto tests to run, you will need an AWS key. +Refer to the `boto +documentation `__ +for how to set this up. I have marked the boto tests as optional in +Travis so you don't have to worry about them failing if you submit a +pull request. + +Logging +------- + +VCR.py has a few log messages you can turn on to help you figure out if +HTTP requests are hitting a real server or not. You can turn them on +like this: + +.. code:: python + + import vcr + import requests + import logging + + logging.basicConfig() # you need to initialize logging, otherwise you will not see anything from vcrpy + vcr_log = logging.getLogger("vcr") + vcr_log.setLevel(logging.INFO) + + with vcr.use_cassette('headers.yml'): + requests.get('http://httpbin.org/headers') + +The first time you run this, you will see: + +:: + + INFO:vcr.stubs: not in cassette, sending to real server + +The second time, you will see: + +:: + + INFO:vcr.stubs:Playing response for from cassette + +If you set the loglevel to DEBUG, you will also get information about +which matchers didn't match. This can help you with debugging custom +matchers. + +Upgrade +------- + +New Cassette Format +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The cassette format has changed in *VCR.py 1.x*, the *VCR.py 0.x* +cassettes cannot be used with *VCR.py 1.x*. The easiest way to upgrade +is to simply delete your cassettes and re-record all of them. VCR.py +also provides a migration script that attempts to upgrade your 0.x +cassettes to the new 1.x format. To use it, run the following command: + +:: + + python -m vcr.migration PATH + +The PATH can be either a path to the directory with cassettes or the +path to a single cassette. + +*Note*: Back up your cassettes files before migration. The migration +*should* only modify cassettes using the old 0.x format. + +New serializer / deserializer API +--------------------------------- + +If you made a custom serializer, you will need to update it to match the +new API in version 1.0.x + +- Serializers now take dicts and return strings. +- Deserializers take strings and return dicts (instead of requests, + responses pair) + +Changelog +--------- + +- 1.5.2 Fix crash when cassette path contains cassette library + directory (thanks @gazpachoking). +- 1.5.0 Automatic cassette naming and 'application/json' post data + filtering (thanks @marco-santamaria). +- 1.4.2 Fix a bug caused by requests 2.7 and chunked transfer encoding +- 1.4.1 Include README, tests, LICENSE in package. Thanks @ralphbean. +- 1.4.0 Filter post data parameters (thanks @eadmundo), support for + posting files through requests, inject\_cassette kwarg to access + cassette from ``use_cassette`` decorated function, + ``with_current_defaults`` actually works (thanks @samstav). +- 1.3.0 Fix/add support for urllib3 (thanks @aisch), fix default port + for https (thanks @abhinav). +- 1.2.0 Add custom\_patches argument to VCR/Cassette objects to allow + users to stub custom classes when cassettes become active. +- 1.1.4 Add force reset around calls to actual connection from stubs, + to ensure compatibility with the version of httplib/urlib2 in python + 2.7.9. +- 1.1.3 Fix python3 headers field (thanks @rtaboada), fix boto test + (thanks @telaviv), fix new\_episodes record mode (thanks @jashugan), + fix Windows connectionpool stub bug (thanks @gazpachoking), add + support for requests 2.5 +- 1.1.2 Add urllib==1.7.1 support. Make json serialize error handling + correct Improve logging of match failures. +- 1.1.1 Use function signature preserving ``wrapt.decorator`` to write + the decorator version of use\_cassette in order to ensure + compatibility with py.test fixtures and python 2. Move all request + filtering into the ``before_record_callable``. +- 1.1.0 Add ``before_record_response``. Fix several bugs related to the + context management of cassettes. +- 1.0.3: Fix an issue with requests 2.4 and make sure case sensitivity + is consistent across python versions +- 1.0.2: Fix an issue with requests 2.3 +- 1.0.1: Fix a bug with the new ignore requests feature and the once + record mode +- 1.0.0: *BACKWARDS INCOMPATIBLE*: Please see the 'upgrade' section in + the README. Take a look at the matcher section as well, you might + want to update your ``match_on`` settings. Add support for filtering + sensitive data from requests, matching query strings after the order + changes and improving the built-in matchers, (thanks to @mshytikov), + support for ignoring requests to certain hosts, bump supported + Python3 version to 3.4, fix some bugs with Boto support (thanks + @marusich), fix error with URL field capitalization in README (thanks + @simon-weber), added some log messages to help with debugging, added + ``all_played`` property on cassette (thanks @mshytikov) +- 0.7.0: VCR.py now supports Python 3! (thanks @asundg) Also I + refactored the stub connections quite a bit to add support for the + putrequest and putheader calls. This version also adds support for + httplib2 (thanks @nilp0inter). I have added a couple tests for boto + since it is an http client in its own right. Finally, this version + includes a fix for a bug where requests wasn't being patched properly + (thanks @msabramo). +- 0.6.0: Store response headers as a list since a HTTP response can + have the same header twice (happens with set-cookie sometimes). This + has the added benefit of preserving the order of headers. Thanks + @smallcode for the bug report leading to this change. I have made an + effort to ensure backwards compatibility with the old cassettes' + header storage mechanism, but if you want to upgrade to the new + header storage, you should delete your cassettes and re-record them. + Also this release adds better error messages (thanks @msabramo) and + adds support for using VCR as a decorator (thanks @smallcode for the + motivation) +- 0.5.0: Change the ``response_of`` method to ``responses_of`` since + cassettes can now contain more than one response for a request. Since + this changes the API, I'm bumping the version. Also includes 2 + bugfixes: a better error message when attempting to overwrite a + cassette file, and a fix for a bug with requests sessions (thanks + @msabramo) +- 0.4.0: Change default request recording behavior for multiple + requests. If you make the same request multiple times to the same + URL, the response might be different each time (maybe the response + has a timestamp in it or something), so this will make the same + request multiple times and save them all. Then, when you are + replaying the cassette, the responses will be played back in the same + order in which they were received. If you were making multiple + requests to the same URL in a cassette before version 0.4.0, you + might need to regenerate your cassette files. Also, removes support + for the cassette.play\_count counter API, since individual requests + aren't unique anymore. A cassette might contain the same request + several times. Also removes secure overwrite feature since that was + breaking overwriting files in Windows, and fixes a bug preventing + request's automatic body decompression from working. +- 0.3.5: Fix compatibility with requests 2.x +- 0.3.4: Bugfix: close file before renaming it. This fixes an issue on + Windows. Thanks @smallcode for the fix. +- 0.3.3: Bugfix for error message when an unreigstered custom matcher + was used +- 0.3.2: Fix issue with new config syntax and the ``match_on`` + parameter. Thanks, @chromy! +- 0.3.1: Fix issue causing full paths to be sent on the HTTP request + line. +- 0.3.0: *Backwards incompatible release* - Added support for record + modes, and changed the default recording behavior to the "once" + record mode. Please see the documentation on record modes for more. + Added support for custom request matching, and changed the default + request matching behavior to match only on the URL and method. Also, + improved the httplib mocking to add support for the + ``HTTPConnection.send()`` method. This means that requests won't + actually be sent until the response is read, since I need to record + the entire request in order to match up the appropriate response. I + don't think this should cause any issues unless you are sending + requests without ever loading the response (which none of the + standard httplib wrappers do, as far as I know. Thanks to @fatuhoku + for some of the ideas and the motivation behind this release. +- 0.2.1: Fixed missing modules in setup.py +- 0.2.0: Added configuration API, which lets you configure some + settings on VCR (see the README). Also, VCR no longer saves cassettes + if they haven't changed at all and supports JSON as well as YAML + (thanks @sirpengi). Added amazing new skeumorphic logo, thanks + @hairarrow. +- 0.1.0: *backwards incompatible release - delete your old cassette + files*: This release adds the ability to access the cassette to make + assertions on it, as well as a major code refactor thanks to + @dlecocq. It also fixes a couple longstanding bugs with redirects and + HTTPS. [#3 and #4] +- 0.0.4: If you have libyaml installed, vcrpy will use the c bindings + instead. Speed up your tests! Thanks @dlecocq +- 0.0.3: Add support for requests 1.2.3. Support for older versions of + requests dropped (thanks @vitormazzi and @bryanhelmig) +- 0.0.2: Add support for requests / urllib3 +- 0.0.1: Initial Release + +License +======= + +This library uses the MIT license. See `LICENSE.txt `__ for +more details + +.. |Build Status| image:: https://secure.travis-ci.org/kevin1024/vcrpy.png?branch=master + :target: http://travis-ci.org/kevin1024/vcrpy +.. |Stories in Ready| image:: https://badge.waffle.io/kevin1024/vcrpy.png?label=ready&title=Ready + :target: https://waffle.io/kevin1024/vcrpy diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3c6e79cf --- /dev/null +++ b/setup.cfg @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +[bdist_wheel] +universal=1 diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py index f1fcb6c0..1c6ec597 100644 --- a/setup.py +++ b/setup.py @@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ from setuptools import setup, find_packages from setuptools.command.test import test as TestCommand +long_description = open('README.rst', 'r').read() class PyTest(TestCommand): @@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ def run_tests(self): "Automatically mock your HTTP interactions to simplify and " "speed up testing" ), + long_description=long_description, author='Kevin McCarthy', author_email='me@kevinmccarthy.org', url='https://github.com/kevin1024/vcrpy',