README.md

Algorithms & Data Structures

This repository contains the following:

• C implementations of the algorithms and data structures detailed in the Algorithms 4th ed. textbook by Robert Sedgewick and Kevin Wayne. The textbook implementations are in Java, and I found re-implementing them in C to help with my understanding.
• Test clients inspired by the textbook for some of the algorithms. Run make in each algorithm directory to build the test client(s).
• Unit test suites for each of the algorithms and data structures. These are written in the Unity Test framework. To run the tests, simply call make from the tests directory.
• My solutions to the Java programming assignments from the Coursera series based on the textbook (Part I, Part II).

Implementations

Most implementations below support storage of generic object types, including C primitives, C-strings, or structs. Custom structs require the client to implement comparator functions for some data structures.

For several of the data structures (e.g. symbol tables), multiple underlying implementation are available to be selected.

Basic Data Structures

Data Structure	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Bag	Unordered collection	Add	Linked list
Stack	LIFO collection	Push, Pop	Linked list
Queue	FIFO collection	Enqueue, Dequeue	Linked list
Priority Queue	Min- and Max-oriented sorted queue	Insert, Front, Delete Min/Max	Binary heap

Sorting

Type	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Generic Sort	Sort array of items	Sort	Selectionsort, Insertionsort, Shellsort, Top-down mergesort, Bottom-up mergesort, Quicksort, Heapsort
String Sort	Sort array of strings	Sort	Least-significant-digit (MSD) first, Most-significant-digit (MSD) first, Three-way quicksort/radixsort

Symbol Tables (Maps)

Type	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Generic Symbol Table	Key-value lookup	Put, Get, Contains	Linked list, Binary search tree, Red-black binary search tree, Hash table (separate chaining), Hash table (linear probing)
String Symbol Table	String lookup	Put, Get, Contains, Longest Prefix, Keys with Prefix, Keys that Match	R-way trie

Graphs

Data Structure	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Graph / Weighted Graph	Set of vertices contained by directed or undirected edges	Add Edge, Iterate over Adjacent Edges	Array of adjacency lists (bags)
Paths	Find paths in a graph from source vertex to all reachable vertices	Has Path To, Iterate over Vertices	Depth-first search, Breadth-first search
Shortest Paths	Find paths of lowest weight in a weighted graph from source vertex to all reachable vertices	Has Path To, Distance To, Iterate over Vertices	Dijkstra's algorithm
Minimum Spanning Tree	Find tree of minimum weight in weighted graph that spans all vertices	Iterate over Edges	Prim's algorithm, Kruskal's algorithm
Topological Sort	Compute precedence order for directed graph	Iterate over Vertices	Depth-first search with reverse post-order via stack
Cycle	Determine if a graph has a cycle	Has Cycle, Iterate over Vertices	Depth-first search
Connected Components	Find connected components for an undirected graph and strongly connected components for a directed graph	Count, ID for Vertex, Are Vertices Connected	Depth-first search for undirected, Kosaraju-Sharir algorithm for directed
Flow Network	Find max flow through a network where edges support a max flow capacity	Maxflow, Incut	Ford-Fulkerson algorithm, Breadth-first search

String Search

Type	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Substring Search	Find first occurrence of specific string in text	Search	Brute-force, Knuth-Morris-Pratt, Boyer-Moore, Rabin-Karp
Regular Expression Search	Find first occurrence of pattern (including metacharacters) in text	Recognizes	Non-deterministic finite automata (NFA) as a graph

Data Compression

Data Structure	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Bit I/O	Interface for reading/writing files with bit-level granularity	Read/Write Bit, Bits, Byte, Int	Wrapper for fread/fwrite
Zip	Interface for compressing and expanding arbitrary files	Compress, Expand	Run-Length Encoding, Huffman Compression, LZW Compression

Other

Data Structure	Description	Primary Operations	Underlying Implementation(s)
Union Find	Solve the dynamic connectivity problem	Union, Connected	Quick-find, Quick-union with path compression
Binary Search	Find index of a integer in a sorted array of integers	Index Of	Binary search