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micro_mg3_0.F90
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module micro_mg3_0
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Purpose:
! MG microphysics version 3.0 - Update of MG microphysics with
! prognostic hail OR graupel.
!
! Author: Andrew Gettelman, Hugh Morrison
!
! Version 3 history: Sep 2016: development begun for hail, graupel
!
! Version 2 history: Sep 2011: Development begun.
! Feb 2013: Added of prognostic precipitation.
! Aug 2015: Published and released version
! Contributions from: Sean Santos, Peter Caldwell, Xiaohong Liu and Steve Ghan
!
! invoked in CAM by specifying -microphys=mg3
!
! References:
!
! Gettelman, A. and H. Morrison, Advanced Two-Moment Microphysics for Global Models.
!
! Part I: Off line tests and comparisons with other schemes.
!
! J. Climate, 28, 1268-1287. doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00102.1, 2015.
!
!
!
! Gettelman, A., H. Morrison, S. Santos, P. Bogenschutz and P. H. Caldwell
!
! Advanced Two-Moment Microphysics for Global Models.
!
! Part II: Global model solutions and Aerosol-Cloud Interactions.
!
! J. Climate, 28, 1288-1307. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00103.1 , 2015.
!
! for questions contact Hugh Morrison, Andrew Gettelman
! e-mail: morrison@ucar.edu, andrew@ucar.edu
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! NOTE: Modified to allow other microphysics packages (e.g. CARMA) to do ice
! microphysics in cooperation with the MG liquid microphysics. This is
! controlled by the do_cldice variable.
!
! If do_cldice is false, then MG microphysics should not update CLDICE or
! NUMICE; it is assumed that the other microphysics scheme will have updated
! CLDICE and NUMICE. The other microphysics should handle the following
! processes that would have been done by MG:
! - Detrainment (liquid and ice)
! - Homogeneous ice nucleation
! - Heterogeneous ice nucleation
! - Bergeron process
! - Melting of ice
! - Freezing of cloud drops
! - Autoconversion (ice -> snow)
! - Growth/Sublimation of ice
! - Sedimentation of ice
!
! This option has not been updated since the introduction of prognostic
! precipitation, and probably should be adjusted to cover snow as well.
!
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Version 3.O based on micro_mg2_0.F90 and WRF3.8.1 module_mp_morr_two_moment.F
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Based on micro_mg (restructuring of former cldwat2m_micro)
! Author: Andrew Gettelman, Hugh Morrison.
! Contributions from: Xiaohong Liu and Steve Ghan
! December 2005-May 2010
! Description in: Morrison and Gettelman, 2008. J. Climate (MG2008)
! Gettelman et al., 2010 J. Geophys. Res. - Atmospheres (G2010)
! for questions contact Hugh Morrison, Andrew Gettelman
! e-mail: morrison@ucar.edu, andrew@ucar.edu
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Code comments added by HM, 093011
! General code structure:
!
! Code is divided into two main subroutines:
! subroutine micro_mg_init --> initializes microphysics routine, should be called
! once at start of simulation
! subroutine micro_mg_tend --> main microphysics routine to be called each time step
! this also calls several smaller subroutines to calculate
! microphysical processes and other utilities
!
! List of external functions:
! qsat_water --> for calculating saturation vapor pressure with respect to liquid water
! qsat_ice --> for calculating saturation vapor pressure with respect to ice
! gamma --> standard mathematical gamma function
! .........................................................................
! List of inputs through use statement in fortran90:
! Variable Name Description Units
! .........................................................................
! gravit acceleration due to gravity m s-2
! rair dry air gas constant for air J kg-1 K-1
! tmelt temperature of melting point for water K
! cpair specific heat at constant pressure for dry air J kg-1 K-1
! rh2o gas constant for water vapor J kg-1 K-1
! latvap latent heat of vaporization J kg-1
! latice latent heat of fusion J kg-1
! qsat_water external function for calculating liquid water
! saturation vapor pressure/humidity -
! qsat_ice external function for calculating ice
! saturation vapor pressure/humidity pa
! rhmini relative humidity threshold parameter for
! nucleating ice -
! .........................................................................
! NOTE: List of all inputs/outputs passed through the call/subroutine statement
! for micro_mg_tend is given below at the start of subroutine micro_mg_tend.
!---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
! Procedures required:
! 1) An implementation of the gamma function (if not intrinsic).
! 2) saturation vapor pressure and specific humidity over water
! 3) svp over ice
#ifndef HAVE_GAMMA_INTRINSICS
use shr_spfn_mod, only: gamma => shr_spfn_gamma
#endif
use wv_sat_methods, only: &
qsat_water => wv_sat_qsat_water, &
qsat_ice => wv_sat_qsat_ice
! Parameters from the utilities module.
use micro_mg_utils, only: &
r8, &
pi, &
omsm, &
qsmall, &
mincld, &
rhosn, &
rhoi, &
rhow, &
rhows, &
ac, bc, &
ai, bi, &
aj, bj, &
ar, br, &
as, bs, &
ag, bg, &
ah, bh, &
rhog,rhoh, &
mi0, &
rising_factorial
implicit none
private
save
public :: &
micro_mg_init, &
micro_mg_get_cols, &
micro_mg_tend
! Switches for specification rather than prediction of droplet and crystal number
! note: number will be adjusted as needed to keep mean size within bounds,
! even when specified droplet or ice number is used
!
! If constant cloud ice number is set (nicons = .true.),
! then all microphysical processes except mass transfer due to ice nucleation
! (mnuccd) are based on the fixed cloud ice number. Calculation of
! mnuccd follows from the prognosed ice crystal number ni.
logical :: nccons ! nccons = .true. to specify constant cloud droplet number
logical :: nicons ! nicons = .true. to specify constant cloud ice number
logical :: ngcons = .false. ! ngcons = .true. to specify constant graupel number
! specified ice and droplet number concentrations
! note: these are local in-cloud values, not grid-mean
real(r8) :: ncnst ! droplet num concentration when nccons=.true. (m-3)
real(r8) :: ninst ! ice num concentration when nicons=.true. (m-3)
real(r8) :: ngnst = 0.1e6_r8 ! graupel num concentration when ngcons=.true. (m-3)
!=========================================================
! Private module parameters
!=========================================================
!Range of cloudsat reflectivities (dBz) for analytic simulator
real(r8), parameter :: csmin = -30._r8
real(r8), parameter :: csmax = 26._r8
real(r8), parameter :: mindbz = -99._r8
real(r8), parameter :: minrefl = 1.26e-10_r8 ! minrefl = 10._r8**(mindbz/10._r8)
! autoconversion size threshold for cloud ice to snow (m)
real(r8) :: dcs
! minimum mass of new crystal due to freezing of cloud droplets done
! externally (kg)
real(r8), parameter :: mi0l_min = 4._r8/3._r8*pi*rhow*(4.e-6_r8)**3
! Ice number sublimation parameter. Assume some decrease in ice number with sublimation if non-zero. Else, no decrease in number with sublimation.
real(r8), parameter :: sublim_factor =0.0_r8 !number sublimation factor.
!=========================================================
! Constants set in initialization
!=========================================================
! Set using arguments to micro_mg_init
real(r8) :: g ! gravity
real(r8) :: r ! dry air gas constant
real(r8) :: rv ! water vapor gas constant
real(r8) :: cpp ! specific heat of dry air
real(r8) :: tmelt ! freezing point of water (K)
! latent heats of:
real(r8) :: xxlv ! vaporization
real(r8) :: xlf ! freezing
real(r8) :: xxls ! sublimation
real(r8) :: rhmini ! Minimum rh for ice cloud fraction > 0.
! flags
logical :: microp_uniform
logical :: do_cldice
logical :: use_hetfrz_classnuc
logical :: do_hail
logical :: do_graupel
real(r8) :: rhosu ! typical 850mn air density
real(r8) :: icenuct ! ice nucleation temperature: currently -5 degrees C
real(r8) :: snowmelt ! what temp to melt all snow: currently 2 degrees C
real(r8) :: rainfrze ! what temp to freeze all rain: currently -5 degrees C
! additional constants to help speed up code
real(r8) :: gamma_br_plus1
real(r8) :: gamma_br_plus4
real(r8) :: gamma_bs_plus1
real(r8) :: gamma_bs_plus4
real(r8) :: gamma_bi_plus1
real(r8) :: gamma_bi_plus4
real(r8) :: gamma_bj_plus1
real(r8) :: gamma_bj_plus4
real(r8) :: xxlv_squared
real(r8) :: xxls_squared
character(len=16) :: micro_mg_precip_frac_method ! type of precipitation fraction method
real(r8) :: micro_mg_berg_eff_factor ! berg efficiency factor
logical :: allow_sed_supersat ! Allow supersaturated conditions after sedimentation loop
logical :: do_sb_physics ! do SB 2001 autoconversion or accretion physics
!===============================================================================
contains
!===============================================================================
subroutine micro_mg_init( &
kind, gravit, rair, rh2o, cpair, &
tmelt_in, latvap, latice, &
rhmini_in, micro_mg_dcs, &
micro_mg_do_hail_in,micro_mg_do_graupel_in, &
microp_uniform_in, do_cldice_in, use_hetfrz_classnuc_in, &
micro_mg_precip_frac_method_in, micro_mg_berg_eff_factor_in, &
allow_sed_supersat_in, do_sb_physics_in, &
nccons_in, nicons_in, ncnst_in, ninst_in, ngcons_in, ngnst_in, errstring)
use micro_mg_utils, only: micro_mg_utils_init
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
!
! Purpose:
! initialize constants for MG microphysics
!
! Author: Andrew Gettelman Dec 2005
!
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
integer, intent(in) :: kind ! Kind used for reals
real(r8), intent(in) :: gravit
real(r8), intent(in) :: rair
real(r8), intent(in) :: rh2o
real(r8), intent(in) :: cpair
real(r8), intent(in) :: tmelt_in ! Freezing point of water (K)
real(r8), intent(in) :: latvap
real(r8), intent(in) :: latice
real(r8), intent(in) :: rhmini_in ! Minimum rh for ice cloud fraction > 0.
real(r8), intent(in) :: micro_mg_dcs
!MG3 dense precipitating ice. Note, only 1 can be true, or both false.
logical, intent(in) :: micro_mg_do_graupel_in ! .true. = configure with graupel
! .false. = no graupel (hail possible)
logical, intent(in) :: micro_mg_do_hail_in ! .true. = configure with hail
! .false. = no hail (graupel possible)
logical, intent(in) :: microp_uniform_in ! .true. = configure uniform for sub-columns
! .false. = use w/o sub-columns (standard)
logical, intent(in) :: do_cldice_in ! .true. = do all processes (standard)
! .false. = skip all processes affecting
! cloud ice
logical, intent(in) :: use_hetfrz_classnuc_in ! use heterogeneous freezing
character(len=16),intent(in) :: micro_mg_precip_frac_method_in ! type of precipitation fraction method
real(r8), intent(in) :: micro_mg_berg_eff_factor_in ! berg efficiency factor
logical, intent(in) :: allow_sed_supersat_in ! allow supersaturated conditions after sedimentation loop
logical, intent(in) :: do_sb_physics_in ! do SB autoconversion and accretion physics
logical, intent(in) :: nccons_in
logical, intent(in) :: nicons_in
real(r8), intent(in) :: ncnst_in
real(r8), intent(in) :: ninst_in
logical, intent(in) :: ngcons_in
real(r8), intent(in) :: ngnst_in
character(128), intent(out) :: errstring ! Output status (non-blank for error return)
!-----------------------------------------------------------------------
dcs = micro_mg_dcs
! Initialize subordinate utilities module.
call micro_mg_utils_init(kind, rair, rh2o, cpair, tmelt_in, latvap, latice, &
dcs, errstring)
if (trim(errstring) /= "") return
! declarations for MG code (transforms variable names)
g= gravit ! gravity
r= rair ! dry air gas constant: note units(phys_constants are in J/K/kmol)
rv= rh2o ! water vapor gas constant
cpp = cpair ! specific heat of dry air
tmelt = tmelt_in
rhmini = rhmini_in
micro_mg_precip_frac_method = micro_mg_precip_frac_method_in
micro_mg_berg_eff_factor = micro_mg_berg_eff_factor_in
allow_sed_supersat = allow_sed_supersat_in
do_sb_physics = do_sb_physics_in
nccons = nccons_in
nicons = nicons_in
ncnst = ncnst_in
ninst = ninst_in
ngcons = ngcons_in
ngnst = ngnst_in
! latent heats
xxlv = latvap ! latent heat vaporization
xlf = latice ! latent heat freezing
xxls = xxlv + xlf ! latent heat of sublimation
! flags
microp_uniform = microp_uniform_in
do_cldice = do_cldice_in
use_hetfrz_classnuc = use_hetfrz_classnuc_in
do_hail = micro_mg_do_hail_in
do_graupel = micro_mg_do_graupel_in
! typical air density at 850 mb
rhosu = 85000._r8/(rair * tmelt)
! Maximum temperature at which snow is allowed to exist
snowmelt = tmelt + 2._r8
! Minimum temperature at which rain is allowed to exist
rainfrze = tmelt - 40._r8
! Ice nucleation temperature
icenuct = tmelt - 5._r8
! Define constants to help speed up code (this limits calls to gamma function)
gamma_br_plus1=gamma(1._r8+br)
gamma_br_plus4=gamma(4._r8+br)
gamma_bs_plus1=gamma(1._r8+bs)
gamma_bs_plus4=gamma(4._r8+bs)
gamma_bi_plus1=gamma(1._r8+bi)
gamma_bi_plus4=gamma(4._r8+bi)
gamma_bj_plus1=gamma(1._r8+bj)
gamma_bj_plus4=gamma(4._r8+bj)
xxlv_squared=xxlv**2
xxls_squared=xxls**2
end subroutine micro_mg_init
!===============================================================================
!microphysics routine for each timestep goes here...
subroutine micro_mg_tend ( &
mgncol, nlev, deltatin, &
t, q, &
qcn, qin, &
ncn, nin, &
qrn, qsn, &
nrn, nsn, &
qgr, ngr, &
relvar, accre_enhan, &
p, pdel, &
cldn, liqcldf, icecldf, qsatfac, &
qcsinksum_rate1ord, &
naai, npccn, &
rndst, nacon, &
tlat, qvlat, &
qctend, qitend, &
nctend, nitend, &
qrtend, qstend, &
nrtend, nstend, &
qgtend, ngtend, &
effc, effc_fn, effi, &
sadice, sadsnow, &
prect, preci, &
nevapr, evapsnow, &
am_evp_st, &
prain, prodsnow, &
cmeout, deffi, &
pgamrad, lamcrad, &
qsout, dsout, &
qgout, ngout, dgout, &
lflx, iflx, &
gflx, &
rflx, sflx, qrout, &
reff_rain, reff_snow, reff_grau, &
qcsevap, qisevap, qvres, &
cmeitot, vtrmc, vtrmi, &
umr, ums, &
umg, qgsedten, &
qcsedten, qisedten, &
qrsedten, qssedten, &
pratot, prctot, &
mnuccctot, mnuccttot, msacwitot, &
psacwstot, bergstot, bergtot, &
melttot, homotot, &
qcrestot, prcitot, praitot, &
qirestot, mnuccrtot, mnuccritot, pracstot, &
meltsdttot, frzrdttot, mnuccdtot, &
pracgtot, psacwgtot, pgsacwtot, &
pgracstot, prdgtot, &
qmultgtot, qmultrgtot, psacrtot, &
npracgtot, nscngtot, ngracstot, &
nmultgtot, nmultrgtot, npsacwgtot, &
nrout, nsout, &
refl, arefl, areflz, &
frefl, csrfl, acsrfl, &
fcsrfl, rercld, &
ncai, ncal, &
qrout2, qsout2, &
nrout2, nsout2, &
drout2, dsout2, &
qgout2, ngout2, dgout2, freqg, &
freqs, freqr, &
nfice, qcrat, &
errstring, & ! Below arguments are "optional" (pass null pointers to omit).
tnd_qsnow, tnd_nsnow, re_ice, &
prer_evap, &
frzimm, frzcnt, frzdep)
! Constituent properties.
use micro_mg_utils, only: &
mg_liq_props, &
mg_ice_props, &
mg_rain_props, &
mg_graupel_props, &
mg_hail_props, &
mg_snow_props
! Size calculation functions.
use micro_mg_utils, only: &
size_dist_param_liq, &
size_dist_param_basic, &
avg_diameter
! Microphysical processes.
use micro_mg_utils, only: &
ice_deposition_sublimation, &
sb2001v2_liq_autoconversion,&
sb2001v2_accre_cld_water_rain,&
kk2000_liq_autoconversion, &
ice_autoconversion, &
immersion_freezing, &
contact_freezing, &
snow_self_aggregation, &
accrete_cloud_water_snow, &
secondary_ice_production, &
accrete_rain_snow, &
heterogeneous_rain_freezing, &
accrete_cloud_water_rain, &
self_collection_rain, &
accrete_cloud_ice_snow, &
evaporate_sublimate_precip, &
bergeron_process_snow, &
graupel_collecting_snow, &
graupel_collecting_rain, &
graupel_collecting_cld_water, &
graupel_riming_liquid_snow, &
graupel_rain_riming_snow, &
graupel_rime_splintering, &
evaporate_sublimate_precip_graupel
!Authors: Hugh Morrison, Andrew Gettelman, NCAR, Peter Caldwell, LLNL
! e-mail: morrison@ucar.edu, andrew@ucar.edu
! input arguments
integer, intent(in) :: mgncol ! number of microphysics columns
integer, intent(in) :: nlev ! number of layers
real(r8), intent(in) :: deltatin ! time step (s)
real(r8), intent(in) :: t(mgncol,nlev) ! input temperature (K)
real(r8), intent(in) :: q(mgncol,nlev) ! input h20 vapor mixing ratio (kg/kg)
! note: all input cloud variables are grid-averaged
real(r8), intent(in) :: qcn(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud water mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: qin(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: ncn(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud water number conc (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: nin(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice number conc (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: qrn(mgncol,nlev) ! rain mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: qsn(mgncol,nlev) ! snow mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: nrn(mgncol,nlev) ! rain number conc (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: nsn(mgncol,nlev) ! snow number conc (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: qgr(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: ngr(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail number conc (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: relvar(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud water relative variance (-)
real(r8), intent(in) :: accre_enhan(mgncol,nlev) ! optional accretion
! enhancement factor (-)
real(r8), intent(in) :: p(mgncol,nlev) ! air pressure (pa)
real(r8), intent(in) :: pdel(mgncol,nlev) ! pressure difference across level (pa)
real(r8), intent(in) :: cldn(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud fraction (no units)
real(r8), intent(in) :: liqcldf(mgncol,nlev) ! liquid cloud fraction (no units)
real(r8), intent(in) :: icecldf(mgncol,nlev) ! ice cloud fraction (no units)
real(r8), intent(in) :: qsatfac(mgncol,nlev) ! subgrid cloud water saturation scaling factor (no units)
! used for scavenging
! Inputs for aerosol activation
real(r8), intent(in) :: naai(mgncol,nlev) ! ice nucleation number (from microp_aero_ts) (1/kg)
real(r8), intent(in) :: npccn(mgncol,nlev) ! ccn activated number tendency (from microp_aero_ts) (1/kg*s)
! Note that for these variables, the dust bin is assumed to be the last index.
! (For example, in CAM, the last dimension is always size 4.)
real(r8), intent(in) :: rndst(:,:,:) ! radius of each dust bin, for contact freezing (from microp_aero_ts) (m)
real(r8), intent(in) :: nacon(:,:,:) ! number in each dust bin, for contact freezing (from microp_aero_ts) (1/m^3)
! output arguments
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcsinksum_rate1ord(mgncol,nlev) ! 1st order rate for
! direct cw to precip conversion
real(r8), intent(out) :: tlat(mgncol,nlev) ! latent heating rate (W/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qvlat(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qv (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qctend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qc (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qitend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qi (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nctend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency nc (1/(kg*s))
real(r8), intent(out) :: nitend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency ni (1/(kg*s))
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrtend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qr (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qstend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qs (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nrtend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency nr (1/(kg*s))
real(r8), intent(out) :: nstend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency ns (1/(kg*s))
real(r8), intent(out) :: qgtend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency qg (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: ngtend(mgncol,nlev) ! microphysical tendency ng (1/(kg*s))
real(r8), intent(out) :: effc(mgncol,nlev) ! droplet effective radius (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: effc_fn(mgncol,nlev) ! droplet effective radius, assuming nc = 1.e8 kg-1
real(r8), intent(out) :: effi(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice effective radius (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: sadice(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice surface area density (cm2/cm3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: sadsnow(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud snow surface area density (cm2/cm3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: prect(mgncol) ! surface precip rate (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: preci(mgncol) ! cloud ice/snow precip rate (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nevapr(mgncol,nlev) ! evaporation rate of rain + snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: evapsnow(mgncol,nlev) ! sublimation rate of snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: am_evp_st(mgncol,nlev) ! stratiform evaporation area (frac)
real(r8), intent(out) :: prain(mgncol,nlev) ! production of rain + snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: prodsnow(mgncol,nlev) ! production of snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: cmeout(mgncol,nlev) ! evap/sub of cloud (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: deffi(mgncol,nlev) ! ice effective diameter for optics (radiation) (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: pgamrad(mgncol,nlev) ! ice gamma parameter for optics (radiation) (no units)
real(r8), intent(out) :: lamcrad(mgncol,nlev) ! slope of droplet distribution for optics (radiation) (1/m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qsout(mgncol,nlev) ! snow mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: dsout(mgncol,nlev) ! snow diameter (m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: lflx(mgncol,nlev+1) ! grid-box average liquid condensate flux (kg m^-2 s^-1)
real(r8), intent(out) :: iflx(mgncol,nlev+1) ! grid-box average ice condensate flux (kg m^-2 s^-1)
real(r8), intent(out) :: rflx(mgncol,nlev+1) ! grid-box average rain flux (kg m^-2 s^-1)
real(r8), intent(out) :: sflx(mgncol,nlev+1) ! grid-box average snow flux (kg m^-2 s^-1)
real(r8), intent(out) :: gflx(mgncol,nlev+1) ! grid-box average graupel/hail flux (kg m^-2 s^-1)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrout(mgncol,nlev) ! grid-box average rain mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: reff_rain(mgncol,nlev) ! rain effective radius (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: reff_snow(mgncol,nlev) ! snow effective radius (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: reff_grau(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel effective radius (micron)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcsevap(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud water evaporation due to sedimentation (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qisevap(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice sublimation due to sublimation (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qvres(mgncol,nlev) ! residual condensation term to ensure RH < 100% (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: cmeitot(mgncol,nlev) ! grid-mean cloud ice sub/dep (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: vtrmc(mgncol,nlev) ! mass-weighted cloud water fallspeed (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: vtrmi(mgncol,nlev) ! mass-weighted cloud ice fallspeed (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: umr(mgncol,nlev) ! mass weighted rain fallspeed (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: ums(mgncol,nlev) ! mass weighted snow fallspeed (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: umg(mgncol,nlev) ! mass weighted graupel/hail fallspeed (m/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qgsedten(mgncol,nlev) ! qg sedimentation tendency (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcsedten(mgncol,nlev) ! qc sedimentation tendency (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qisedten(mgncol,nlev) ! qi sedimentation tendency (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrsedten(mgncol,nlev) ! qr sedimentation tendency (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qssedten(mgncol,nlev) ! qs sedimentation tendency (1/s)
! microphysical process rates for output (mixing ratio tendencies) (all have units of 1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: pratot(mgncol,nlev) ! accretion of cloud by rain
real(r8), intent(out) :: prctot(mgncol,nlev) ! autoconversion of cloud to rain
real(r8), intent(out) :: mnuccctot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tend due to immersion freezing
real(r8), intent(out) :: mnuccttot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tend due to contact freezing
real(r8), intent(out) :: msacwitot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tend due to H-M splintering
real(r8), intent(out) :: psacwstot(mgncol,nlev) ! collection of cloud water by snow
real(r8), intent(out) :: bergstot(mgncol,nlev) ! bergeron process on snow
real(r8), intent(out) :: bergtot(mgncol,nlev) ! bergeron process on cloud ice
real(r8), intent(out) :: melttot(mgncol,nlev) ! melting of cloud ice
real(r8), intent(out) :: homotot(mgncol,nlev) ! homogeneous freezing cloud water
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcrestot(mgncol,nlev) ! residual cloud condensation due to removal of excess supersat
real(r8), intent(out) :: prcitot(mgncol,nlev) ! autoconversion of cloud ice to snow
real(r8), intent(out) :: praitot(mgncol,nlev) ! accretion of cloud ice by snow
real(r8), intent(out) :: qirestot(mgncol,nlev) ! residual ice deposition due to removal of excess supersat
real(r8), intent(out) :: mnuccrtot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tendency due to heterogeneous freezing of rain to snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: mnuccritot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tendency due to heterogeneous freezing of rain to ice (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: pracstot(mgncol,nlev) ! mixing ratio tendency due to accretion of rain by snow (1/s)
real(r8), intent(out) :: meltsdttot(mgncol,nlev) ! latent heating rate due to melting of snow (W/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: frzrdttot(mgncol,nlev) ! latent heating rate due to homogeneous freezing of rain (W/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: mnuccdtot(mgncol,nlev) ! mass tendency from ice nucleation
real(r8), intent(out) :: pracgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change in q collection rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: psacwgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change in q collection droplets by graupel (lcldm)
real(r8), intent(out) :: pgsacwtot(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion q to graupel due to collection droplets by snow (lcldm)
real(r8), intent(out) :: pgracstot(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion q to graupel due to collection rain by snow (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: prdgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! dep of graupel (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qmultgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change q due to ice mult droplets/graupel (lcldm)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qmultrgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change q due to ice mult rain/graupel (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: psacrtot(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion due to coll of snow by rain (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: npracgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change n collection rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nscngtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change n conversion to graupel due to collection droplets by snow (lcldm)
real(r8), intent(out) :: ngracstot(mgncol,nlev) ! change n conversion to graupel due to collection rain by snow (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nmultgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! ice mult due to acc droplets by graupel (lcldm)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nmultrgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! ice mult due to acc rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8), intent(out) :: npsacwgtot(mgncol,nlev) ! change n collection droplets by graupel (lcldm?)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nrout(mgncol,nlev) ! rain number concentration (1/m3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: nsout(mgncol,nlev) ! snow number concentration (1/m3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: refl(mgncol,nlev) ! analytic radar reflectivity
real(r8), intent(out) :: arefl(mgncol,nlev) ! average reflectivity will zero points outside valid range
real(r8), intent(out) :: areflz(mgncol,nlev) ! average reflectivity in z.
real(r8), intent(out) :: frefl(mgncol,nlev) ! fractional occurrence of radar reflectivity
real(r8), intent(out) :: csrfl(mgncol,nlev) ! cloudsat reflectivity
real(r8), intent(out) :: acsrfl(mgncol,nlev) ! cloudsat average
real(r8), intent(out) :: fcsrfl(mgncol,nlev) ! cloudsat fractional occurrence of radar reflectivity
real(r8), intent(out) :: rercld(mgncol,nlev) ! effective radius calculation for rain + cloud
real(r8), intent(out) :: ncai(mgncol,nlev) ! output number conc of ice nuclei available (1/m3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: ncal(mgncol,nlev) ! output number conc of CCN (1/m3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qrout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of qrout as used to compute drout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: qsout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of qsout as used to compute dsout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: nrout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of nrout as used to compute drout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: nsout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of nsout as used to compute dsout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: drout2(mgncol,nlev) ! mean rain particle diameter (m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: dsout2(mgncol,nlev) ! mean snow particle diameter (m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: freqs(mgncol,nlev) ! fractional occurrence of snow
real(r8), intent(out) :: freqr(mgncol,nlev) ! fractional occurrence of rain
real(r8), intent(out) :: nfice(mgncol,nlev) ! fractional occurrence of ice
real(r8), intent(out) :: qcrat(mgncol,nlev) ! limiter for qc process rates (1=no limit --> 0. no qc)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qgout(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8), intent(out) :: dgout(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail diameter (m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: ngout(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail number concentration (1/m3)
real(r8), intent(out) :: qgout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of qgout as used to compute dgout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: ngout2(mgncol,nlev) ! copy of ngout as used to compute dgout2
real(r8), intent(out) :: dgout2(mgncol,nlev) ! mean graupel/hail particle diameter (m)
real(r8), intent(out) :: freqg(mgncol,nlev) ! fractional occurrence of graupel
real(r8), intent(out) :: prer_evap(mgncol,nlev)
character(128), intent(out) :: errstring ! output status (non-blank for error return)
! Tendencies calculated by external schemes that can replace MG's native
! process tendencies.
! Used with CARMA cirrus microphysics
! (or similar external microphysics model)
real(r8), intent(in) :: tnd_qsnow(:,:) ! snow mass tendency (kg/kg/s)
real(r8), intent(in) :: tnd_nsnow(:,:) ! snow number tendency (#/kg/s)
real(r8), intent(in) :: re_ice(:,:) ! ice effective radius (m)
! From external ice nucleation.
real(r8), intent(in) :: frzimm(:,:) ! Number tendency due to immersion freezing (1/cm3)
real(r8), intent(in) :: frzcnt(:,:) ! Number tendency due to contact freezing (1/cm3)
real(r8), intent(in) :: frzdep(:,:) ! Number tendency due to deposition nucleation (1/cm3)
! local workspace
! all units mks unless otherwise stated
! local copies of input variables
real(r8) :: qc(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud liquid mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8) :: qi(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8) :: nc(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud liquid number concentration (1/kg)
real(r8) :: ni(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud liquid number concentration (1/kg)
real(r8) :: qr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8) :: qs(mgncol,nlev) ! snow mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8) :: nr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain number concentration (1/kg)
real(r8) :: ns(mgncol,nlev) ! snow number concentration (1/kg)
real(r8) :: qg(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel mixing ratio (kg/kg)
real(r8) :: ng(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel number concentration (1/kg)
real(r8) :: rhogtmp ! hail or graupel density (kg m-3)
! general purpose variables
real(r8) :: deltat ! sub-time step (s)
real(r8) :: mtime ! the assumed ice nucleation timescale
! physical properties of the air at a given point
real(r8) :: rho(mgncol,nlev) ! density (kg m-3)
real(r8) :: dv(mgncol,nlev) ! diffusivity of water vapor
real(r8) :: mu(mgncol,nlev) ! viscosity
real(r8) :: sc(mgncol,nlev) ! schmidt number
real(r8) :: rhof(mgncol,nlev) ! density correction factor for fallspeed
! cloud fractions
real(r8) :: precip_frac(mgncol,nlev) ! precip fraction assuming maximum overlap
real(r8) :: cldm(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud fraction
real(r8) :: icldm(mgncol,nlev) ! ice cloud fraction
real(r8) :: lcldm(mgncol,nlev) ! liq cloud fraction
real(r8) :: qsfm(mgncol,nlev) ! subgrid cloud water saturation scaling factor
! mass mixing ratios
real(r8) :: qcic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-cloud cloud liquid
real(r8) :: qiic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-cloud cloud ice
real(r8) :: qsic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip snow
real(r8) :: qric(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip rain
real(r8) :: qgic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip graupel/hail
! number concentrations
real(r8) :: ncic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-cloud droplet
real(r8) :: niic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-cloud cloud ice
real(r8) :: nsic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip snow
real(r8) :: nric(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip rain
real(r8) :: ngic(mgncol,nlev) ! in-precip graupel/hail
! maximum allowed ni value
real(r8) :: nimax(mgncol,nlev)
! Size distribution parameters for:
! cloud ice
real(r8) :: lami(mgncol,nlev) ! slope
real(r8) :: n0i(mgncol,nlev) ! intercept
! cloud liquid
real(r8) :: lamc(mgncol,nlev) ! slope
real(r8) :: pgam(mgncol,nlev) ! spectral width parameter
! snow
real(r8) :: lams(mgncol,nlev) ! slope
real(r8) :: n0s(mgncol,nlev) ! intercept
! rain
real(r8) :: lamr(mgncol,nlev) ! slope
real(r8) :: n0r(mgncol,nlev) ! intercept
! graupel/hail
real(r8) :: lamg(mgncol,nlev) ! slope
real(r8) :: n0g(mgncol,nlev) ! intercept
real(r8) :: bgtmp ! tmp fall speed parameter
! Rates/tendencies due to:
! Instantaneous snow melting
real(r8) :: minstsm(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: ninstsm(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! Instantaneous graupel melting
real(r8) :: minstgm(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: ninstgm(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! Instantaneous rain freezing
real(r8) :: minstrf(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: ninstrf(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! deposition of cloud ice
real(r8) :: vap_dep(mgncol,nlev) ! deposition from vapor to ice PMC 12/3/12
! sublimation of cloud ice
real(r8) :: ice_sublim(mgncol,nlev) ! sublimation from ice to vapor PMC 12/3/12
! ice nucleation
real(r8) :: nnuccd(mgncol,nlev) ! number rate from deposition/cond.-freezing
real(r8) :: mnuccd(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
! freezing of cloud water
real(r8) :: mnuccc(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nnuccc(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! contact freezing of cloud water
real(r8) :: mnucct(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nnucct(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! deposition nucleation in mixed-phase clouds (from external scheme)
real(r8) :: mnudep(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nnudep(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! ice multiplication
real(r8) :: msacwi(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nsacwi(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! autoconversion of cloud droplets
real(r8) :: prc(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nprc(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration (rain)
real(r8) :: nprc1(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration (cloud droplets)
! self-aggregation of snow
real(r8) :: nsagg(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! self-collection of rain
real(r8) :: nragg(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! collection of droplets by snow
real(r8) :: psacws(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: npsacws(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! collection of rain by snow
real(r8) :: pracs(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: npracs(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! freezing of rain
real(r8) :: mnuccr(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nnuccr(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! freezing of rain to form ice (mg add 4/26/13)
real(r8) :: mnuccri(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nnuccri(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! accretion of droplets by rain
real(r8) :: pra(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: npra(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! autoconversion of cloud ice to snow
real(r8) :: prci(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nprci(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! accretion of cloud ice by snow
real(r8) :: prai(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
real(r8) :: nprai(mgncol,nlev) ! number concentration
! evaporation of rain
real(r8) :: pre(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
! sublimation of snow
real(r8) :: prds(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio
! number evaporation
real(r8) :: nsubi(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice
real(r8) :: nsubc(mgncol,nlev) ! droplet
real(r8) :: nsubs(mgncol,nlev) ! snow
real(r8) :: nsubr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain
! bergeron process
real(r8) :: berg(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio (cloud ice)
real(r8) :: bergs(mgncol,nlev) ! mass mixing ratio (snow)
!graupel/hail processes
real(r8) :: npracg(mgncol,nlev) ! change n collection rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8) :: nscng(mgncol,nlev) ! change n conversion to graupel due to collection droplets by snow (lcldm)
real(r8) :: ngracs(mgncol,nlev) ! change n conversion to graupel due to collection rain by snow (precipf)
real(r8) :: nmultg(mgncol,nlev) ! ice mult due to acc droplets by graupel (lcldm)
real(r8) :: nmultrg(mgncol,nlev) ! ice mult due to acc rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8) :: npsacwg(mgncol,nlev) ! change n collection droplets by graupel (lcldm)
real(r8) :: psacr(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion due to coll of snow by rain (precipf)
real(r8) :: pracg(mgncol,nlev) ! change in q collection rain by graupel (precipf)
real(r8) :: psacwg(mgncol,nlev) ! change in q collection droplets by graupel (lcldm)
real(r8) :: pgsacw(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion q to graupel due to collection droplets by snow (lcldm)
real(r8) :: pgracs(mgncol,nlev) ! conversion q to graupel due to collection rain by snow (precipf)
real(r8) :: prdg(mgncol,nlev) ! dep of graupel (precipf)
real(r8) :: qmultg(mgncol,nlev) ! change q due to ice mult droplets/graupel (lcldm)
real(r8) :: qmultrg(mgncol,nlev) ! change q due to ice mult rain/graupel (precipf)
! fallspeeds
! number-weighted
real(r8) :: uns(mgncol,nlev) ! snow
real(r8) :: unr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain
real(r8) :: ung(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel/hail
! air density corrected fallspeed parameters
real(r8) :: arn(mgncol,nlev) ! rain
real(r8) :: asn(mgncol,nlev) ! snow
real(r8) :: agn(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel
real(r8) :: acn(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud droplet
real(r8) :: ain(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud ice
real(r8) :: ajn(mgncol,nlev) ! cloud small ice
! Mass of liquid droplets used with external heterogeneous freezing.
real(r8) :: mi0l(mgncol)
! saturation vapor pressures
real(r8) :: esl(mgncol,nlev) ! liquid
real(r8) :: esi(mgncol,nlev) ! ice
real(r8) :: esn ! checking for RH after rain evap
! saturation vapor mixing ratios
real(r8) :: qvl(mgncol,nlev) ! liquid
real(r8) :: qvi(mgncol,nlev) ! ice
real(r8) :: qvn ! checking for RH after rain evap
! relative humidity
real(r8) :: relhum(mgncol,nlev)
! parameters for cloud water and cloud ice sedimentation calculations
real(r8) :: fc(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fnc(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fi(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fni(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fg(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fng(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fr(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fnr(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fs(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: fns(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutc(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutnc(nlev)
real(r8) :: falouti(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutni(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutr(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutnr(nlev)
real(r8) :: falouts(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutns(nlev)
real(r8) :: faltndc
real(r8) :: faltndnc
real(r8) :: faltndi
real(r8) :: faltndni
real(r8) :: faltndqie
real(r8) :: faltndqce
real(r8) :: faltndr
real(r8) :: faltndnr
real(r8) :: faltnds
real(r8) :: faltndns
real(r8) :: faloutg(nlev)
real(r8) :: faloutng(nlev)
real(r8) :: faltndg
real(r8) :: faltndng
real(r8) :: rainrt(mgncol,nlev) ! rain rate for reflectivity calculation
! dummy variables
real(r8) :: dum
real(r8) :: dum1
real(r8) :: dum2
real(r8) :: dum3
real(r8) :: dumni0
real(r8) :: dumns0
! dummies for checking RH
real(r8) :: qtmp
real(r8) :: ttmp
! dummies for conservation check
real(r8) :: ratio
real(r8) :: tmpfrz
! dummies for in-cloud variables
real(r8) :: dumc(mgncol,nlev) ! qc
real(r8) :: dumnc(mgncol,nlev) ! nc
real(r8) :: dumi(mgncol,nlev) ! qi
real(r8) :: dumni(mgncol,nlev) ! ni
real(r8) :: dumr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain mixing ratio
real(r8) :: dumnr(mgncol,nlev) ! rain number concentration
real(r8) :: dums(mgncol,nlev) ! snow mixing ratio
real(r8) :: dumns(mgncol,nlev) ! snow number concentration
real(r8) :: dumg(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel mixing ratio
real(r8) :: dumng(mgncol,nlev) ! graupel number concentration
! Array dummy variable
real(r8) :: dum_2D(mgncol,nlev)
real(r8) :: pdel_inv(mgncol,nlev)
! loop array variables
! "i" and "k" are column/level iterators for internal (MG) variables
! "n" is used for other looping (currently just sedimentation)
integer i, k, n
! number of sub-steps for loops over "n" (for sedimentation)
integer nstep
integer mdust
! Varaibles to scale fall velocity between small and regular ice regimes.
real(r8) :: irad
real(r8) :: ifrac
!cccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc
! Return error message
errstring = ' '
! Process inputs
! assign variable deltat to deltatin
deltat = deltatin
! Copies of input concentrations that may be changed internally.
qc = qcn
nc = ncn
qi = qin
ni = nin
qr = qrn
nr = nrn
qs = qsn
ns = nsn
qg = qgr
ng = ngr
! cldn: used to set cldm, unused for subcolumns
! liqcldf: used to set lcldm, unused for subcolumns
! icecldf: used to set icldm, unused for subcolumns
if (microp_uniform) then
! subcolumns, set cloud fraction variables to one
! if cloud water or ice is present, if not present
! set to mincld (mincld used instead of zero, to prevent
! possible division by zero errors).
where (qc >= qsmall)
lcldm = 1._r8
elsewhere
lcldm = mincld
end where
where (qi >= qsmall)
icldm = 1._r8
elsewhere
icldm = mincld
end where
cldm = max(icldm, lcldm)
qsfm = 1._r8
else
! get cloud fraction, check for minimum
cldm = max(cldn,mincld)
lcldm = max(liqcldf,mincld)