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<h1 id="原型链"><a href="#原型链" class="headerlink" title="原型链"></a>原型链</h1><h3 id="属性访问"><a href="#属性访问" class="headerlink" title="属性访问"></a>属性访问</h3><ul>
<li>实例属性<code>__proto__</code>访问的是该对象(作为实例)构造函数的原型对象</li>
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<p><img src="/image/google.png" alt="GOOGLE"></p>
<h3 id="如何连接服务器"><a href="#如何连接服务器" class="headerlink" title="如何连接服务器"></a>如何连接服务器</h3><p>使用xshell工具直接连接<br>或者mac电脑打开终端 输入: <code>ssh root@ip地址</code> ,接下来提示输入密码,可直接输入,密码是不会显示出来的</p>
<h3 id="安装三部曲"><a href="#安装三部曲" class="headerlink" title="安装三部曲"></a>安装三部曲</h3><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">1. wget --no-check-certificate -O shadowsocks-all.sh https://raw.githubusercontent.com/teddysun/shadowsocks_install/master/shadowsocks-all.sh</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">2. chmod +x shadowsocks-all.sh</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">3. ./shadowsocks-all.sh 2>&1 | tee shadowsocks-all.log</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>接下来提示选择版本<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Which Shadowsocks server you'd select:</span><br><span class="line">1.Shadowsocks-Python</span><br><span class="line">2.ShadowsocksR</span><br><span class="line">3.Shadowsocks-Go</span><br><span class="line">4.Shadowsocks-libev</span><br><span class="line">Please enter a number (default 1):</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>可以选择3,紧接着会提示输入密码和端口号,也可以选择默认,一路回车<br>安装成功后,会出现<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Congratulations, Shadowsocks-Go server install completed!</span><br><span class="line">Your Server IP : 45.32.73.59</span><br><span class="line">Your Server Port : 8989</span><br><span class="line">Your Password : teddysun.com</span><br><span class="line">Your Encryption Method: aes-256-cfb</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Welcome to visit: https://teddysun.com/486.html</span><br><span class="line">Enjoy it!</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>(若安装失败,请尝试其他版本)</p>
<h4 id="基础命令"><a href="#基础命令" class="headerlink" title="基础命令"></a>基础命令</h4><ul>
<li>/etc/init.d/shadowsocks-go start | stop | restart | status 针对shadow操作</li>
<li>nano /etc/shadowsocks-go/config.json 修改配置文件</li>
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</header>
<div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody">
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"mini-css-extract-plugin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"html-webpack-plugin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"path"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="function"><span class="params">mode</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> mode: mode,</span><br><span class="line"> entry: <span class="string">"./src/main.js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> output: {</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"bundle.js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> path: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">"dist"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">module</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> rules: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.(png|jpg|gif)$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: <span class="string">"file-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.js$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: <span class="string">"babel-loader"</span> <span class="comment">// .babelrc已经配置支持react</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [</span><br><span class="line"> mode !== <span class="string">"development"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ? MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader</span><br><span class="line"> : <span class="string">"style-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"css-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> plugins: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> PurgecssPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> paths: glob.sync(<span class="string">`<span class="subst">${path.join(__dirname, <span class="string">"src"</span>)}</span>/**/*`</span>, { <span class="attr">nodir</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> }) <span class="comment">// 不匹配目录，只匹配文件</span></span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> mode !== <span class="string">"development"</span> &&</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"css/[name].css"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> template: <span class="string">"./src/template.html"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"index.html"</span></span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> };</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><code>.babelrc</code>配置文件</p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"presets"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"@babel/preset-env"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"@babel/preset-react"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="1-删除无用的Css样式"><a href="#1-删除无用的Css样式" class="headerlink" title="1.删除无用的Css样式"></a>1.删除无用的Css样式</h2><p>先来看编写的代码<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="string">'./style.css'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> React <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ReactDOM <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react-dom'</span>;</span><br><span class="line">ReactDOM.render(<div>hello</div>,<span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">'root'</span>));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<figure class="highlight css"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="selector-tag">body</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">background</span>: red</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="selector-class">.class1</span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attribute">background</span>: red</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>这里的<code>.class1</code>显然是无用的，我们可以搜索<code>src</code>目录下的文件，删除无用的样式</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> glob = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'glob'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> PurgecssPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'purgecss-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 需要配合mini-css-extract-plugin插件</span></span><br><span class="line">mode !== <span class="string">"development"</span> && <span class="keyword">new</span> PurgecssPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> paths: glob.sync(<span class="string">`<span class="subst">${path.join(__dirname, <span class="string">"src"</span>)}</span>/**/*`</span>, { <span class="attr">nodir</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> }) <span class="comment">// 不匹配目录，只匹配文件</span></span><br><span class="line">}),</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="2-图片压缩插件"><a href="#2-图片压缩插件" class="headerlink" title="2.图片压缩插件"></a>2.图片压缩插件</h2><p>将打包后的图片进行优化<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install image-webpack-loader --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在file-loader之前使用压缩图片插件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">loader: <span class="string">"image-webpack-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line">options: {</span><br><span class="line"> mozjpeg: {</span><br><span class="line"> progressive: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> quality: <span class="number">65</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// optipng.enabled: false will disable optipng</span></span><br><span class="line"> optipng: {</span><br><span class="line"> enabled: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> pngquant: {</span><br><span class="line"> quality: [<span class="number">0.90</span>, <span class="number">0.95</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> speed: <span class="number">4</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> gifsicle: {</span><br><span class="line"> interlaced: <span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// the webp option will enable WEBP</span></span><br><span class="line"> webp: {</span><br><span class="line"> quality: <span class="number">75</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<blockquote>
<p>可以发现图片大小是有了明显的变化</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="3-CDN加载文件"><a href="#3-CDN加载文件" class="headerlink" title="3.CDN加载文件"></a>3.CDN加载文件</h2><p>我们希望通过cdn的方式引入资源<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> AddAssetHtmlCdnPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'add-asset-html-cdn-webpack-plugin'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> AddAssetHtmlCdnPlugin(<span class="literal">true</span>,{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'jquery'</span>:<span class="string">'https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.4.1/jquery.min.js'</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>但是在代码中还希望引入<code>jquery</code>来获得提示<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> $ <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'jquery'</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'$'</span>,$)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>但是打包时依然会将<code>jquery</code>进行打包<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">externals:{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'jquery'</span>:<span class="string">'$'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在配置文件中标注<code>jquery</code>是外部的，这样打包时就不会将jquery进行打包了</p>
<h2 id="4-Tree-shaking-amp-amp-Scope-Hoisting"><a href="#4-Tree-shaking-amp-amp-Scope-Hoisting" class="headerlink" title="4.Tree-shaking && Scope-Hoisting"></a>4.Tree-shaking && Scope-Hoisting</h2><h3 id="4-1-Tree-shaking"><a href="#4-1-Tree-shaking" class="headerlink" title="4.1 Tree-shaking"></a>4.1 Tree-shaking</h3><p>顾名思义就是将没用的内容摇晃掉,来看下面代码</p>
<p><code>main.js</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> { minus } <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">"./calc"</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(minus(<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">1</span>));</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>calc.js</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> {test} <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./test'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> sum = <span class="function">(<span class="params">a, b</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> a + b + <span class="string">'sum'</span>;</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> minus = <span class="function">(<span class="params">a, b</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> a - b + <span class="string">'minus'</span>;</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>test.js</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> test = <span class="function"><span class="params">()</span>=></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">'hello'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(test());</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<blockquote>
<p>观察上述代码其实我们主要使用<code>minus</code>方法,<code>test.js</code>代码是有副作用的! </p>
</blockquote>
<p>默认<code>mode:production</code>时，会自动<code>tree-shaking</code>,但是打包后<code>'hello'</code>依然会被打印出来,这时候我们需要配置不使用副作用</p>
<p>在<code>package.json</code>中配置<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"sideEffects"</span>:<span class="literal">false</span>,</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>如果这样设置，默认就不会导入<code>css</code>文件啦，因为我们引入css也是通过<code>import './style.css'</code></p>
<p>这里重点就来了,<code>tree-shaking</code>主要针对<strong>es6模块</strong>,我们可以使用<code>require</code>语法导入css,但是这样用起来有点格格不入,所以我们可以配置<code>css</code>文件不是副作用<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"sideEffects"</span>:[</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"**/*.css"</span></span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在开发环境下默认<code>tree-shaking</code>不会生效,可以配置标识提示<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">optimization:{</span><br><span class="line"> usedExports:<span class="literal">true</span> </span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="4-2-Scope-Hoisting"><a href="#4-2-Scope-Hoisting" class="headerlink" title="4.2 Scope Hoisting"></a>4.2 Scope Hoisting</h3><p>作用域提升,可以减少代码体积，节约内存<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> a = <span class="number">1</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> b = <span class="number">2</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> c = <span class="number">3</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> d = a+b+c</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> d;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 引入d</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> d <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./d'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(d)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<blockquote>
<p>最终打包后的结果会变成 <code>console.log(6)</code></p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>代码量明显减少</li>
<li>减少多个函数后内存占用也将减少</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="5-DllPlugin-amp-amp-DllReferencePlugin"><a href="#5-DllPlugin-amp-amp-DllReferencePlugin" class="headerlink" title="5.DllPlugin && DllReferencePlugin"></a>5.DllPlugin && DllReferencePlugin</h2><p>每次构建时第三方模块都需要重新构建，这个性能消耗比较大，我们可以先把第三方库打包成动态链接库，以后构建时只需要查找构建好的库就好了，这样可以大大节约构建时间<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> React <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ReactDOM <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react-dom'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">ReactDOM.render(<h1>hello</h1>,<span class="built_in">document</span>.getElementById(<span class="string">'root'</span>))</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="5-1-DllPlugin"><a href="#5-1-DllPlugin" class="headerlink" title="5.1 DllPlugin"></a>5.1 DllPlugin</h3><blockquote>
<p>这里我们可以先将<code>react</code>、<code>react-dom</code>单独进行打包</p>
</blockquote>
<p>单独打包创建<code>webpack.dll.js</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'path'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> DllPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'webpack/lib/DllPlugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = {</span><br><span class="line"> entry:[<span class="string">'react'</span>,<span class="string">'react-dom'</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> mode:<span class="string">'production'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> output:{</span><br><span class="line"> filename:<span class="string">'react.dll.js'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> path:path.resolve(__dirname,<span class="string">'dll'</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> library:<span class="string">'react'</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> plugins:[</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> DllPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> name:<span class="string">'react'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> path:path.resolve(__dirname,<span class="string">'dll/manifest.json'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> })</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>执行<code>"webpack --config webpack.dll.js</code>命令，可以看到dll目录下创建了两个文件分别是<code>manifest.json</code>,<code>react.dll.js</code></p>
<p>关系是这个酱紫的，到时候我们会通过<code>manifest.json</code>找到<code>react.dll.js</code>文件中的模块进行加载</p>
<h3 id="5-2-DllReferencePlugin"><a href="#5-2-DllReferencePlugin" class="headerlink" title="5.2 DllReferencePlugin"></a>5.2 DllReferencePlugin</h3><p>在我们的项目中可以引用刚才打包好的动态链接库<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> DllReferencePlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'webpack/lib/DllReferencePlugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> AddAssetHtmlWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'add-asset-html-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 构建时会引用动态链接库的内容</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> DllReferencePlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> manifest:path.resolve(__dirname,<span class="string">'dll/manifest.json'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}),</span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 需要手动引入react.dll.js</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> AddAssetHtmlWebpackPlugin(</span><br><span class="line"> { <span class="attr">filepath</span>: path.resolve(__dirname,<span class="string">'dll/react.dll.js'</span>) }</span><br><span class="line">)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用DllPlugin可以大幅度提高构建速度</p>
<h2 id="6-动态加载"><a href="#6-动态加载" class="headerlink" title="6.动态加载"></a>6.动态加载</h2><p>实现点击后动态加载文件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> btn = <span class="built_in">document</span>.createElement(<span class="string">'button'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">btn.innerHTML = <span class="string">'点击加载视频'</span>;</span><br><span class="line">btn.addEventListener(<span class="string">'click'</span>,()=>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">import</span>(<span class="string">'./video'</span>).then(<span class="function"><span class="params">res</span>=></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(res.default);</span><br><span class="line"> });</span><br><span class="line">});</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">document</span>.body.appendChild(btn);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>给动态引入的文件增加名字</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">output:{</span><br><span class="line"> chunkFilename:<span class="string">'[name].min.js'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span>(<span class="comment">/* webpackChunkName: "video" */</span> <span class="string">'./video'</span>).then(<span class="function"><span class="params">res</span>=></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(res.default);</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>这样打包后的结果最终的文件就是 <code>video.min.js</code></p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="7-打包文件分析工具"><a href="#7-打包文件分析工具" class="headerlink" title="7.打包文件分析工具"></a>7.打包文件分析工具</h2><p>安装<code>webpack-bundle-analyzer</code>插件<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install --save-dev webpack-bundle-analyzer</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用插件</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> {BundleAnalyzerPlugin} = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'webpack-bundle-analyzer'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">mode !== <span class="string">"development"</span> && <span class="keyword">new</span> BundleAnalyzerPlugin()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>默认就会展现当前应用的分析图表</p>
<h2 id="8-SplitChunks"><a href="#8-SplitChunks" class="headerlink" title="8.SplitChunks"></a>8.SplitChunks</h2><p>我们在来看下SplitChunks这个配置，他可以在编译时抽离第三方模块、公共模块</p>
<p>将项目配置成多入口文件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">entry:{</span><br><span class="line"> a:<span class="string">'./src/a.js'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> b:<span class="string">'./src/b.js'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>我们让a,b两个模块同时引用<code>jquery</code>,别忘了去掉之前的<code>externals</code>配置</p>
<p><img src="http://img.fullstackjavascript.cn/analyze-1.png" alt=""></p>
<p>配置<code>SplitChunks</code>插件</p>
<p>默认配置在此，我一个个描述下含义<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">splitChunks: {</span><br><span class="line"> chunks: <span class="string">'async'</span>, <span class="comment">// 分割异步模块</span></span><br><span class="line"> minSize: <span class="number">30000</span>, <span class="comment">// 分割的文件最小大小</span></span><br><span class="line"> maxSize: <span class="number">0</span>, </span><br><span class="line"> minChunks: <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="comment">// 引用次数</span></span><br><span class="line"> maxAsyncRequests: <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="comment">// 最大异步请求数</span></span><br><span class="line"> maxInitialRequests: <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="comment">// 最大初始化请求数</span></span><br><span class="line"> automaticNameDelimiter: <span class="string">'~'</span>, <span class="comment">// 抽离的命名分隔符</span></span><br><span class="line"> automaticNameMaxLength: <span class="number">30</span>, <span class="comment">// 名字最大长度</span></span><br><span class="line"> name: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> cacheGroups: { <span class="comment">// 缓存组</span></span><br><span class="line"> vendors: { <span class="comment">// 先抽离第三方</span></span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> priority: <span class="number">-10</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">default</span>: { </span><br><span class="line"> minChunks: <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> priority: <span class="number">-20</span>, <span class="comment">// 优先级</span></span><br><span class="line"> reuseExistingChunk: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<blockquote>
<p>我们将<code>async</code>改为<code>initial</code></p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="http://img.fullstackjavascript.cn/analyze-2.png" alt=""></p>
<p>我们在为每个文件动态导入<code>lodash</code>库,并且改成<code>async</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span>(<span class="string">'lodash'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><img src="http://img.fullstackjavascript.cn/analyze-3.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>为每个入口引入<code>c.js</code>,并且改造配置文件</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">splitChunks: {</span><br><span class="line"> chunks: <span class="string">'all'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> name: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> cacheGroups: {</span><br><span class="line"> vendors: {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> priority: <span class="number">-10</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">default</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> minSize:<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="comment">// 不是第三方模块，被引入两次也会被抽离</span></span><br><span class="line"> minChunks: <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> priority: <span class="number">-20</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><img src="http://img.fullstackjavascript.cn/analyze-4.png" alt=""></p>
<blockquote>
<p>这样再反过来看<code>chunks</code>的参数是不是就了然于胸啦！</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="9-热更新"><a href="#9-热更新" class="headerlink" title="9.热更新"></a>9.热更新</h2><p>模块热替换（HMR - Hot Module Replacement）是 webpack 提供的最有用的功能之一。它允许在运行时替换，添加，删除各种模块，而无需进行完全刷新重新加载整个页面</p>
<ul>
<li>保留在完全重新加载页面时丢失的应用程序的状态</li>
<li>只更新改变的内容，以节省开发时间</li>
<li>调整样式更加快速，几乎等同于就在浏览器调试器中更改样式</li>
</ul>
<p>启用热更新，默认样式可以支持热更新，如果不支持热更新则采用强制刷新<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">devServer:{</span><br><span class="line"> hot:<span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> webpack.NamedModulesPlugin(),</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>让<code>js</code>支持热更新</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> sum <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./sum'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(sum(<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>));</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span>(<span class="built_in">module</span>.hot){ <span class="comment">// 如果支持热更新</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">module</span>.hot.accept(); <span class="comment">// 当入口文件变化后重新执行当前入口文件</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="10-IgnorePlugin"><a href="#10-IgnorePlugin" class="headerlink" title="10.IgnorePlugin"></a>10.IgnorePlugin</h2><p>忽略 <code>import</code>和<code>require</code>语法<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> webpack.IgnorePlugin(<span class="regexp">/^\.\/locale$/</span>, /moment$/)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="11-费时分析"><a href="#11-费时分析" class="headerlink" title="11.费时分析"></a>11.费时分析</h2><p>可以计算每一步执行的运行速度<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> SpeedMeasureWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'speed-measure-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> smw = <span class="keyword">new</span> SpeedMeasureWebpackPlugin();</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">module</span>.exports =smw.wrap({</span><br><span class="line">});</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="12-noParse"><a href="#12-noParse" class="headerlink" title="12.noParse"></a>12.noParse</h2><p><code>module.noParse</code>，对类似jq这类依赖库，内部不会引用其他库，我们在打包的时候就没有必要去解析，这样能够增加打包速率<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">noParse:<span class="regexp">/jquery/</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="13-resolve"><a href="#13-resolve" class="headerlink" title="13.resolve"></a>13.resolve</h2><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">resolve: {</span><br><span class="line"> extensions: [<span class="string">".js"</span>,<span class="string">".jsx"</span>,<span class="string">".json"</span>,<span class="string">".css"</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> alias:{},</span><br><span class="line"> modules:[<span class="string">'node_modules'</span>]</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="14-include-exclude"><a href="#14-include-exclude" class="headerlink" title="14.include/exclude"></a>14.include/exclude</h2><p>在使用<code>loader</code>时,可以指定哪些文件不通过<code>loader</code>,或者指定哪些文件通过<code>loader</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.js$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: <span class="string">"babel-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">// include:path.resolve(__dirname,'src'),</span></span><br><span class="line"> exclude:<span class="regexp">/node_modules/</span></span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="15-happypack"><a href="#15-happypack" class="headerlink" title="15.happypack"></a>15.happypack</h2><p>多线程打包，我们可以将不同的逻辑交给不同的线程来处理<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install --save-dev happypack</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用插件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> HappyPack = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'happypack'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">rules:[</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.js$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: <span class="string">'happypack/loader?id=jsx'</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.less$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: <span class="string">'happypack/loader?id=styles'</span></span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> HappyPack({</span><br><span class="line"> id: <span class="string">'jsx'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> threads: <span class="number">4</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> loaders: [ <span class="string">'babel-loader'</span> ]</span><br><span class="line">}),</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> HappyPack({</span><br><span class="line"> id: <span class="string">'styles'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> threads: <span class="number">2</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> loaders: [ <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>, <span class="string">'css-loader'</span>, <span class="string">'less-loader'</span> ]</span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
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<h1 id="Webpack中必须掌握的配置"><a href="#Webpack中必须掌握的配置" class="headerlink" title="Webpack中必须掌握的配置"></a>Webpack中必须掌握的配置</h1><p>loader主要用于把模块原内容按照需求转换成新内容，可以加载非 JS 模块！<br>通过使用不同的Loader，Webpack可以把不同的文件都转成JS文件,比如CSS、ES6/7、JSX等。 </p>
<h2 id="1-loader的编写"><a href="#1-loader的编写" class="headerlink" title="1.loader的编写"></a>1.loader的编写</h2><h3 id="1-1-loader的使用"><a href="#1-1-loader的使用" class="headerlink" title="1.1 loader的使用"></a>1.1 loader的使用</h3><ul>
<li>test：匹配处理文件的扩展名的正则表达式</li>
<li>use：loader名称，就是你要使用模块的名称</li>
<li>include/exclude:手动指定必须处理的文件夹或屏蔽不需要处理的文件夹</li>
<li>options:为loaders提供额外的设置选项</li>
</ul>
<p>默认<code>loader</code>的顺序是<strong>从下到上</strong>、<strong>从右向左</strong>执行，当然执行顺序也可以手动定义的，接下来我们依次介绍常见的loader，来感受<code>loader</code>的魅力!</p>
<p>我们基于这个基础配置来继续编写:<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"path"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> dev = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"./webpack.dev"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> prod = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"./webpack.prod"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> merge = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"webpack-merge"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"html-webpack-plugin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> { CleanWebpackPlugin } = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'clean-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> base = {</span><br><span class="line"> entry:<span class="string">'./src/index.js'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> output: {</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"[name].js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> path: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">"../dist"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> plugins: [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">'index.html'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> template: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">"../public/template.html"</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> hash: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> minify: {</span><br><span class="line"> removeAttributeQuotes: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> CleanWebpackPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> cleanOnceBeforeBuildPatterns: [path.resolve(<span class="string">'xxxx/*'</span>),<span class="string">'**/*'</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="function"><span class="params">env</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (env.development) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, dev);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, prod);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="2-处理CSS文件"><a href="#2-处理CSS文件" class="headerlink" title="2.处理CSS文件"></a>2.处理CSS文件</h2><h3 id="2-1-解析css样式"><a href="#2-1-解析css样式" class="headerlink" title="2.1 解析css样式"></a>2.1 解析css样式</h3><p>我们在<code>js</code>文件中引入css样式！<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> <span class="string">'./index.css'</span>;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>再次执行打包时，会提示css无法解析<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">ERROR <span class="keyword">in</span> ./src/index.css 1:4</span><br><span class="line">Module parse failed: Unexpected token (1:4)</span><br><span class="line">You may need an appropriate loader to handle this file <span class="built_in">type</span>, currently no loaders are configured to process this file. See https://webpack.js.org/concepts<span class="comment">#loaders</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><strong>安装loader</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install style-loader css-loader --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> rules: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [<span class="string">"style-loader"</span>, <span class="string">"css-loader"</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-2-抽离样式文件"><a href="#2-2-抽离样式文件" class="headerlink" title="2.2 抽离样式文件"></a>2.2 抽离样式文件</h3><p>默认只在打包时进行样式抽离<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="function"><span class="params">env</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> isDev = env.development;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> base = {<span class="comment">/*source...*/</span>}</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isDev) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, dev);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, prod);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>安装抽离插件<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install mini-css-extract-plugin --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置抽离插件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,</span><br><span class="line"> isDev && <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"css-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">!isDev && <span class="keyword">new</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"css/[name].css"</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>最终文件配置贴一下:<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> path = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"path"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> dev = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"./webpack.dev"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> prod = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"./webpack.prod"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> merge = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"webpack-merge"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"mini-css-extract-plugin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">"html-webpack-plugin"</span>);</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = <span class="function"><span class="params">env</span> =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">let</span> isDev = env.development;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> base = {</span><br><span class="line"> entry: <span class="string">"./src/index.js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> output: {</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"[name].js"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> path: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">"../dist"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">module</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> rules: [</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,</span><br><span class="line"> isDev && <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"css-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> plugins:[</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && <span class="keyword">new</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"css/[name].css"</span></span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">new</span> HtmlWebpackPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"index.html"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> template: path.resolve(__dirname, <span class="string">"../public/template.html"</span>),</span><br><span class="line"> hash: <span class="literal">true</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> minify: {</span><br><span class="line"> removeAttributeQuotes: <span class="literal">true</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }),</span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> };</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> (isDev) {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, dev);</span><br><span class="line"> } <span class="keyword">else</span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> merge(base, prod);</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="2-3-css预处理器"><a href="#2-3-css预处理器" class="headerlink" title="2.3 css预处理器"></a>2.3 css预处理器</h3><p>不同的css预处理器要安装不同的loader来进行解析</p>
<ul>
<li>sass: sass-loader node-sass</li>
<li>less: less-loader less</li>
<li>stylus: stylus-loader stylus</li>
</ul>
<p>使用<code>sass</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/\.scss$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use:[</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,</span><br><span class="line"> isDev && <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"css-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"sass-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在css文件中可能会使用<code>@import</code>语法引用<code>css</code>文件,被引用的<code>css</code>文件中可能还会导入<code>scss</code></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,</span><br><span class="line"> isDev && <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">"css-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> options:{</span><br><span class="line"> importLoaders:<span class="number">1</span> <span class="comment">// 引入的文件需要调用sass-loader来处理 </span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"sass-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-4-处理样式前缀"><a href="#2-4-处理样式前缀" class="headerlink" title="2.4 处理样式前缀"></a>2.4 处理样式前缀</h3><p>使用<code>postcss-loader</code>增加样式前缀<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install postcss-loader autoprefixer</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>在处理css前先增加前缀<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.css$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [</span><br><span class="line"> !isDev && MiniCssExtractPlugin.loader,</span><br><span class="line"> isDev && <span class="string">'style-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> {</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">"postcss-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> options:{</span><br><span class="line"> plugins:[<span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'autoprefixer'</span>)]</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"postcss-loader"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"sass-loader"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ].filter(<span class="built_in">Boolean</span>)</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>或者也可以创建<code>postcss</code>的配置文件<code>postcss.config.js</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>.exports = {</span><br><span class="line"> plugins:[</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'autoprefixer'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>可以配置浏览器的兼容性范围 <a href="https://github.com/browserslist/browserslist" target="_blank" rel="noopener">.browserslistrc</a></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cover 99.5%</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="2-5-css压缩"><a href="#2-5-css压缩" class="headerlink" title="2.5 css压缩"></a>2.5 css压缩</h3><p>在生产环境下我们需要压缩<code>css</code>文件,配置<code>minimizer</code>选项,安装压缩插件</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm i optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin terser-webpack-plugin --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在<code>webpack.prod.js</code>文件中配置压缩<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> OptimizeCSSAssetsPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'optimize-css-assets-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> TerserJSPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'terser-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">optimization:{</span><br><span class="line"> minimizer:[<span class="keyword">new</span> TerserJSPlugin({}), <span class="keyword">new</span> OptimizeCSSAssetsPlugin({})]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="2-6-文件指纹"><a href="#2-6-文件指纹" class="headerlink" title="2.6 文件指纹"></a>2.6 文件指纹</h3><ul>
<li>Hash整个项目的hash值</li>
<li>chunkhash 根据入口产生hash值</li>
<li>contentHash 根据每个文件的内容产生的hash值</li>
</ul>
<p>我们可以合理的使用<code>hash</code>戳，进行文件的缓存</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">!isDev && <span class="keyword">new</span> MiniCssExtractPlugin({</span><br><span class="line"> filename: <span class="string">"css/[name].[contentHash].css"</span></span><br><span class="line">})</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="3-处理文件类型"><a href="#3-处理文件类型" class="headerlink" title="3.处理文件类型"></a>3.处理文件类型</h2><h3 id="3-1-处理引用的图片"><a href="#3-1-处理引用的图片" class="headerlink" title="3.1 处理引用的图片"></a>3.1 处理引用的图片</h3><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> logo <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./webpack.png'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> img = <span class="built_in">document</span>.createElement(<span class="string">'img'</span>);</span><br><span class="line">img.src = logo;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">document</span>.body.appendChild(img);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>使用<code>file-loader</code>,会将图片进行打包，并将打包后的路径返回<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/\.jpe?g|png|gif/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use:{</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">'file-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> options:{</span><br><span class="line"> name:<span class="string">`img/[name].[ext]`</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-2-处理icon"><a href="#3-2-处理icon" class="headerlink" title="3.2 处理icon"></a>3.2 处理icon</h3><p>二进制文件也是使用<code>file-loader</code>来打包<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/woff|ttf|eot|svg|otf/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use:{</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">'file-loader'</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="3-3-转化成base64"><a href="#3-3-转化成base64" class="headerlink" title="3.3 转化成base64"></a>3.3 转化成base64</h3><p>使用<code>url-loader</code>将满足条件的图片转化成base64,不满足条件的<code>url-loader</code>会自动调用<code>file-loader</code>来进行处理<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/\.jpe?g|png|gif/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use:{</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">'url-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> options:{</span><br><span class="line"> limit:<span class="number">100</span>*<span class="number">1024</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> name:<span class="string">`img/[name].[ext]`</span></span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="4-处理JS模块"><a href="#4-处理JS模块" class="headerlink" title="4.处理JS模块"></a>4.处理JS模块</h2><h3 id="4-1-将es6代码编译成es5代码"><a href="#4-1-将es6代码编译成es5代码" class="headerlink" title="4.1 将es6代码编译成es5代码"></a>4.1 将<code>es6</code>代码编译成<code>es5</code>代码</h3><p>代码的转化工作要交给<code>babel</code>来处理</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install @babel/core @babel/preset-env babel-loader --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><code>@babel/core</code>是babel中的核心模块，<code>@babel/preset-env</code> 的作用是es6转化es5插件的插件集合，<code>babel-loader</code>是<code>webpack</code>和<code>loader</code>的桥梁。</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> sum = <span class="function">(<span class="params">a, b</span>) =></span> {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> a + b;</span><br><span class="line">};</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>增加<code>babel</code>的配置文件 <code>.babelrc</code></p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"presets"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/preset-env"</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><strong>配置loader</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="built_in">module</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> rules: [{ <span class="attr">test</span>: <span class="regexp">/\.js$/</span>, <span class="attr">use</span>: <span class="string">"babel-loader"</span> }]</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>现在打包已经可以成功的将es6语法转化成es5语法！</p>
<h3 id="4-2-解析装饰器"><a href="#4-2-解析装饰器" class="headerlink" title="4.2 解析装饰器"></a>4.2 解析装饰器</h3><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm i @babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties @babel/plugin-proposal-decorators --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">"plugins": [</span><br><span class="line"> ["@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators", { "legacy": true }],</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties"</span>,{<span class="attr">"loose"</span>:<span class="literal">true</span>}]</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p><code>legacy:true</code>表示继续使用装饰器装饰器，loose为false时会采用<code>Object.defineProperty</code>定义属性</p>
<ul>
<li>Plugin会运行在Preset之前</li>
<li>Plugin 会从第一个开始顺序执行，Preset则是相反的</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="4-3-polyfill"><a href="#4-3-polyfill" class="headerlink" title="4.3 polyfill"></a>4.3 polyfill</h3><p>根据<code>.browserslistrc</code>文件，转化使用到的浏览器api<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="string">"presets"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/preset-env"</span>,{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"useBuiltIns"</span>:<span class="string">"usage"</span>, <span class="comment">// 按需加载</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"corejs"</span>:<span class="number">2</span> <span class="comment">// corejs 替代了以前的pollyfill</span></span><br><span class="line"> }]</span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>安装corejs</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install core-js@2 --save</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>使用<code>transform-runtime</code></strong><br>A plugin that enables the re-use of Babel’s injected helper code to save on codesize.可以帮我们节省代码</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install --save-dev @babel/plugin-transform-runtime @babel/runtime</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>在<code>.babelrc</code>中配置插件</p>
<figure class="highlight"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">"plugins": [</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"@babel/plugin-transform-runtime"</span></span><br><span class="line">]</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="4-4-添加eslint"><a href="#4-4-添加eslint" class="headerlink" title="4.4 添加eslint"></a>4.4 添加eslint</h3><p>安装<code>eslint</code><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install eslint</span><br><span class="line">npx eslint --init <span class="comment"># 初始化配置文件</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:/\.js/,</span><br><span class="line"> enforce:'pre',</span><br><span class="line"> use:'eslint-loader'</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>配置<code>eslint-loader</code>可以实时校验js文件的正确性,<code>pre</code>表示在所有<code>loader</code>执行前执行</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="5-source-map"><a href="#5-source-map" class="headerlink" title="5.source-map"></a>5.source-map</h2><ul>
<li>eval 生成代码 每个模块都被eval执行,每一个打包后的模块后面都增加了包含sourceURL</li>
<li>source-map 产生map文件</li>
<li>inline 不会生成独立的 .map文件,会以dataURL形式插入</li>
<li>cheap 忽略打包后的列信息，不使用loader中的sourcemap</li>
<li>module 没有列信息，使用loader中的sourcemap(没有列信息)</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">devtool:isDev?<span class="string">'cheap-module-eval-source-map'</span>:<span class="literal">false</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>每个库中采用的<code>sourcemap</code>方式不一,可以根据自己的需要自行配置</p>
</blockquote>
<h2 id="6-resolve解析"><a href="#6-resolve解析" class="headerlink" title="6.resolve解析"></a>6.resolve解析</h2><p>想实现使用require或是import的时候,可以自动尝试添加扩展名进行匹配</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">resolve: {</span><br><span class="line"> extensions: [<span class="string">".js"</span>, <span class="string">".jsx"</span>, <span class="string">".json"</span>, <span class="string">".css"</span>, <span class="string">".ts"</span>, <span class="string">".tsx"</span>, <span class="string">".vue"</span>]</span><br><span class="line">},</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="7-拷贝静态文件"><a href="#7-拷贝静态文件" class="headerlink" title="7.拷贝静态文件"></a>7.拷贝静态文件</h2><p>有些时候在打包时希望将一些静态资源文件进行拷贝,可以使用<code>copy-webpack-plugin</code></p>
<p>安装插件<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm i copy-webpack-plugin --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用拷贝插件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> CopyWebpackPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'copy-webpack-plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> CopyWebpackPlugin([</span><br><span class="line"> {<span class="attr">from</span>:path.resolve(<span class="string">'./src/static'</span>),<span class="attr">to</span>:path.resolve(<span class="string">'./dist'</span>)},</span><br><span class="line">])</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="8-配置TS环境"><a href="#8-配置TS环境" class="headerlink" title="8.配置TS环境"></a>8.配置TS环境</h2><h3 id="8-1-使用ts-loader"><a href="#8-1-使用ts-loader" class="headerlink" title="8.1 使用ts-loader"></a>8.1 使用ts-loader</h3><p>使用<code>ts</code>需要安装<code>ts</code>相关配置<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install typescript ts-loader --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>生成<code>ts</code>的配置文件<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npx tsc --init</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置<code>ts-loader</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/\.tsx?/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: [<span class="string">'ts-loader'</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> exclude: <span class="regexp">/node_modules/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>将入口文件更改成<code>ts</code>文件</p>
<figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> a:string = <span class="string">'hello'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="built_in">console</span>.log(a);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>执行<code>npm run dev</code>发现已经可以正常的解析<code>ts</code>文件啦！</p>
<h3 id="8-2-使用-preset-typescript"><a href="#8-2-使用-preset-typescript" class="headerlink" title="8.2 使用 preset-typescript"></a>8.2 使用 preset-typescript</h3><p>不需要借助<code>typescript</code><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install @babel/preset-typescript</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<figure class="highlight json"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"presets"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/preset-env"</span>,{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"useBuiltIns"</span>:<span class="string">"usage"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"corejs"</span>:<span class="number">2</span> </span><br><span class="line"> }],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"@babel/preset-react"</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/preset-typescript"</span>,{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"allExtensions"</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> </span><br><span class="line"> }]</span><br><span class="line"> ],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="attr">"plugins"</span>: [</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/plugin-proposal-decorators"</span>, { <span class="attr">"legacy"</span>: <span class="literal">true</span> }],</span><br><span class="line"> [<span class="string">"@babel/plugin-proposal-class-properties"</span>,{<span class="attr">"loose"</span>:<span class="literal">true</span>}],</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"@babel/plugin-transform-runtime"</span></span><br><span class="line"> ]</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="9-配置ts-react环境"><a href="#9-配置ts-react环境" class="headerlink" title="9.配置ts+react环境"></a>9.配置ts+react环境</h2><p>安装<code>react</code>相关模块<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm i @babel/preset-react --save-dev <span class="comment"># 解析jsx语法</span></span><br><span class="line">npm i react @types/react @types/react-dom react react-dom typescript</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<figure class="highlight ts"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> React <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> ReactDOM <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'react-dom'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> state = {<span class="built_in">number</span>:<span class="number">0</span>};</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">type</span> State = Readonly<<span class="keyword">typeof</span> state>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">class</span> Counter <span class="keyword">extends</span> React.Component<object,State>{</span><br><span class="line"> state:State = state</span><br><span class="line"> handleClick =<span class="function"><span class="params">()</span>=></span>{</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.setState({<span class="built_in">number</span>:<span class="keyword">this</span>.state.number+<span class="number">1</span>})</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> render(){</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">const</span> {<span class="built_in">number</span>} = <span class="keyword">this</span>.state;</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> (</span><br><span class="line"> <div></span><br><span class="line"> <button onClick={<span class="keyword">this</span>.handleClick}>点击<<span class="regexp">/button></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> {number}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="regexp"> </</span>div></span><br><span class="line"> )</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br><span class="line">ReactDOM.render(<Counter><<span class="regexp">/Counter>,document.getElementById('root'));</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="10-配置ts-vue环境"><a href="#10-配置ts-vue环境" class="headerlink" title="10.配置ts+vue环境"></a>10.配置ts+vue环境</h2><p>安装<code>vue</code>所需要的模块<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install vue-loader vue-template-compiler --save-dev</span><br><span class="line">npm install vue vue-property-decorator</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置<code>ts-loader</code><br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test: <span class="regexp">/\.tsx?/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use: {</span><br><span class="line"> loader:<span class="string">'ts-loader'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> options: {</span><br><span class="line"> appendTsSuffixTo: [<span class="regexp">/\.vue$/</span>],</span><br><span class="line"> }, </span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line"> exclude: <span class="regexp">/node_modules/</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>使用<code>vue-loader</code>插件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> VueLoaderPlugin = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'vue-loader/lib/plugin'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">new</span> VueLoaderPlugin();</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置解析<code>.vue</code>文件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">{</span><br><span class="line"> test:<span class="regexp">/\.vue$/</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> use:<span class="string">'vue-loader'</span></span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>增加<code>vue-shims.d.ts</code>，可以识别<code>.vue</code>文件<br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">declare module '*.vue' {</span><br><span class="line"> import Vue from 'vue';</span><br><span class="line"> export default Vue;</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>index.tsx</code>文件<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Vue <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vue'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> App <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'./App.vue'</span>;</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">let</span> vm = <span class="keyword">new</span> Vue({</span><br><span class="line"> render:<span class="function"><span class="params">h</span>=></span>h(App)</span><br><span class="line">}).$mount(<span class="string">'#root'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>App.vue文件</code><br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">v-for</span>=<span class="string">"(todo,index) in todos"</span> <span class="attr">:key</span>=<span class="string">"index"</span>></span>{{todo}}<span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"ts"</span>></span><span class="undefined"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">import</span> {Component,Vue} <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vue-property-decorator'</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">@Component</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Todo</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">Vue</span></span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> public todos = [<span class="string">'香蕉'</span>,<span class="string">'苹果'</span>,<span class="string">'橘子'</span>]</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h2 id="11-配置代理"><a href="#11-配置代理" class="headerlink" title="11.配置代理"></a>11.配置代理</h2><p>设置服务端接口<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> express = <span class="built_in">require</span>(<span class="string">'express'</span>);</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">const</span> app = express();</span><br><span class="line">app.get(<span class="string">'/api/list'</span>, (req, res) => {</span><br><span class="line"> res.send([<span class="string">'香蕉'</span>, <span class="string">'苹果'</span>, <span class="string">'橘子'</span>]);</span><br><span class="line">});</span><br><span class="line">app.listen(<span class="number">4000</span>);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>安装<code>axios</code>获取数据<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install axios --save-dev</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置接口请求<br><figure class="highlight html"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"><<span class="name">div</span> <span class="attr">v-for</span>=<span class="string">"(todo,index) in todos"</span> <span class="attr">:key</span>=<span class="string">"index"</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> {{todo}}</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="tag"></<span class="name">div</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"></<span class="name">template</span>></span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag"><<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">lang</span>=<span class="string">"ts"</span>></span><span class="undefined"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">import</span> axios <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'axios'</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">import</span> {Component ,Vue} <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">'vue-property-decorator'</span>;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">@Component</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Todo</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">Vue</span></span>{</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined"> public todos:string[] =[];</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">async</span> mounted(){</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">let</span> { data } = <span class="keyword">await</span> axios.get(<span class="string">'/api/list'</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript"> <span class="keyword">this</span>.todos = data</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined"> }</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">}</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined"></span><span class="tag"></<span class="name">script</span>></span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>配置服务器代理路由<br><figure class="highlight javascript"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">proxy: {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'/api'</span>: {</span><br><span class="line"> target: <span class="string">'http://localhost:4000'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> },</span><br><span class="line">}</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
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<a class="post-title-link" href="/2019/09/20/webpack/" itemprop="url">从0搭建自己的webpack开发环境</a></h1>
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<h2 id="1-什么是Webpack？"><a href="#1-什么是Webpack？" class="headerlink" title="1.什么是Webpack？"></a>1.什么是Webpack？</h2><p>webpack 是一个现代 JavaScript 应用程序的静态模块打包器(module bundler),当 webpack 处理应用程序时，它会递归地构建一个依赖关系图(dependency graph)，其中包含应用程序需要的每个模块，然后将所有这些模块打包成一个或多个 bundle<br><img src="http://img.zhufengpeixun.cn/webpack.jpeg" alt=""></p>
<p>使用Webpack作为前端构建工具：</p>
<ul>