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| - fahim : 500 | ||
| - waseka : 500 | ||
| - zarif : 500 paid | ||
| - nadim : 500 | ||
| - sohana : 500 |
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| - | ||
| - ((6733ccee-50d1-41fe-9e24-601c73096b43)) |
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| - Measurement of power of intraocular lens | ||
| - measures axial length of the eyeball | ||
| - normal axial length: 23-24 mm | ||
| - Normal power of human eyeball : + 60 D | ||
| - Cornea: + 43 D | ||
| id:: 674ac59b-4be5-4ca1-80de-576c1746c654 | ||
| - Lens: + 17 D | ||
| - # Components | ||
| - A scan to measure axial length of the eyeball. | ||
| - Keratometry to assess corneal diapteric power | ||
| - SRK formula to measure Keratometry | ||
| - IOL = A - 2.5L - PK | ||
| - >A= A constat | ||
| L = Axial length | ||
| K = Keratometric reading | ||
| P = Power |
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| definition:: Any opacity in human crystalline lens | ||
| alias:: | ||
| ICD-11_Code:: | ||
|
|
||
| - ## Etiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Causative Agents | ||
| - ### Risk Factors | ||
| - ## Epidemiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Incidence | ||
| - ### Prevalence | ||
| - ### Demographics | ||
| - ### Geographic Distribution | ||
| - ## Pathophysiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Mechanism of Disease | ||
| - ### Affected Systems/Organs | ||
| - ## Clinical Features | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Signs and Symptoms | ||
| - #### Symptoms | ||
| - #### Signs | ||
| - ### Stages or Classification | ||
| - ##### Etiological Classificaton | ||
| - Congenital Cataract | ||
| - Acquired | ||
| - Age related cataract/ Senile Cataract | ||
| - Secondary cataract due to systemic disease | ||
| - Diabetic cataract [Snow flake cataract] | ||
| - Trauma | ||
| - Infection | ||
| - ##### Depending on maturity | ||
| - [[Immature Cataract]] | ||
| - [[Intumescent Cataract]] | ||
| - [[Mature Cataract]] | ||
| - [[Hypermature Cataract]] | ||
| - Sclerotic Cataract | ||
| - Morgagnian Cataract | ||
| - |Traits|Immature Cataract|Mature Cataract|Hypermature Cataract| | ||
| |--|--|--|--| | ||
| |Colour|Grayish white|Pearly white|Milky White| | ||
| |Visual Acuity|upto 6/12, 6/18|6/36, 6/60|Hand movement to PL, PR| | ||
| |Iris shadow|present|absent|absent| | ||
| |Fundal glow|present|present|absent| | ||
| - ### Diagnostic Criteria | ||
| - ## Diagnosis | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Clinical Diagnosis | ||
| - #### Classical Presentation | ||
| - #### Probable Diagnosis | ||
| - ### Examination | ||
| - Visual Acuity | ||
| - Color of lens [Torch examination] | ||
| - Pupillary light reflex [Direct, consensual] | ||
| - [[Intraocular Pressure]] [Digitally] | ||
| - Sac resucsitation test | ||
| - Additionally, | ||
| - Ocular Motility | ||
| - Fundoscopy | ||
| - ### Investigation | ||
| - #### Systemic Investigation | ||
| - ECG | ||
| - Blood Sugar profile, HbA1c | ||
| - #### Ocular Investigation | ||
| - [[Biometry]] | ||
| - [[Keratometry]] | ||
| - [[B scan]] | ||
| - ### Laboratory Tests | ||
| - ### Imaging Studies | ||
| - ### Differential Diagnosis | ||
| - ### Confirmation of Diagnosis | ||
| - ## Management and Treatment | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Medical Management | ||
| - ### Surgical Options | ||
| - [[Small Incision Cataract Surgery]] with [[Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation]] | ||
| - [[Phaco-emulsification]] with [[Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Implantation]] | ||
| - | ||
| - ### Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations | ||
| - ### Follow-up | ||
| - Assess visual outcome | ||
| - [[ONFT]] | ||
| - [[Macular Function Test]] | ||
| - [[MFT]] | ||
| - Tonometry | ||
| - Opthalmoscope | ||
| - ## Prognosis | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Expected Course | ||
| - #### With Treatment | ||
| - Per-operative complications | ||
| - Injury to surrounding structures | ||
| - Posterior Capsular Tear | ||
| - Vitrous Prolapse, Corneal Injury, Iris Prolapse | ||
| - Lens drop | ||
| - Subluxation of lens | ||
| - Early Post-operative complication | ||
| - Corneal edema | ||
| - Increased IOP | ||
| - Endopthalmitis | ||
| - Hyphema - Collection of blood at anterior chamber | ||
| - Iris prolapse | ||
| - Post-operative secondary glaucoma | ||
| - Post-operative uveitis | ||
| - Late Post Operative Complication | ||
| - Posterior capsular opacification | ||
| *Another name after cataract* | ||
| - Macular edema | ||
| - Retina detachment | ||
| - #### Without Treatment | ||
| - ##### Possible Complications | ||
| - ##### Long-Term Effects | ||
| - Lens Induced Glucoma | ||
| - Phacolytic glaucoma [Hypermature] | ||
| - Phacomorphic glaucoma | ||
| - Phaco-anaphylactic glaucoma | ||
| - [Anti-glaucoma drug + Cataract Surgery] Media | ||
| - ### Survival Rates | ||
| - #### With Treatment | ||
| - #### Without Treatment | ||
| - ### Quality of Life Considerations | ||
| - ## Prevention | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Health Education | ||
| - ### Community Approach | ||
| - ### Screening Programs | ||
| - ### Lifestyle Modifications | ||
| - ## Patient Education and Support | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Educational Resources | ||
| - ### Support Groups | ||
| - ### Counseling Options | ||
| - ## Recent Research and Developments | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Ongoing Clinical Trials | ||
| - ### Recent Advances | ||
| - ## Key Literature | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ## Guidelines and Protocols | ||
| background-color:: blue |
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| - [[Aqueous Humor]] | ||
| - [[Aqueous Humor]] | ||
| - [[Lens]] |
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| alias:: ITP, Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura | ||
| tags:: #Paediatrics | ||
| ICD-11_Code:: | ||
|
|
||
| - ## Etiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Causative Agents | ||
| - Autoimmune | ||
| - Primary : unknown cause | idiopathic | ||
| - Secondary : known cause (following infection) | ||
| - SLE | ||
| - CLL | ||
| - APS (antiphospholipid syndrome) | ||
| - Viruses | ||
| - HIV | ||
| - HCV | ||
| - ### Risk Factors | ||
| - ## Epidemiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Incidence | ||
| - ### Prevalence | ||
| - ### Demographics | ||
| - ### Geographic Distribution | ||
| - ## Pathophysiology | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Mechanism of Disease | ||
| - antibody against GPIIb/IIIa | ||
| id:: 674736e2-8fe7-4418-85aa-e7de99f38eaa | ||
| - platelet won't be able to aggregate with each other | ||
| - ### Affected Systems/Organs | ||
| - ## Clinical Features | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Signs and Symptoms | ||
| - #### Symptoms | ||
| - #### Signs | ||
| - ### Stages or Classification | ||
| - ### Diagnostic Criteria | ||
| - Purpura is Blanchable | ||
| - Platelet count : low | ||
| - BT : prolonged | ||
| - Peripheral smear : macro thrombocytopenia | ||
| - PT : normal | ||
| - aPTT : normal | ||
| - ## Diagnosis | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Clinical Diagnosis | ||
| - #### Classical Presentation | ||
| - a child afebrile presenting with purpura having a history of fever 2-3 weeks back | ||
| - #### Probable Diagnosis | ||
| - ### Laboratory Tests | ||
| - ### Imaging Studies | ||
| - ### Differential Diagnosis | ||
| - ### Confirmation of Diagnosis | ||
| - ## Management and Treatment | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Medical Treatment | ||
| - No symptoms ⇒ No Tx : "observation" | ||
| - IVIG (or anti-D immune globulin if Rh+ & DAT+ (positive comb's test)) | ||
| - Platelet transfusion | ||
| - Rituximab, eltrombopag, Romiplostim | ||
| - ### Surgical Options | ||
| - ### Splenectomy | ||
| - not for children | because it is a major immune organ | ||
| - vaccinate (pre-op) | ||
| - strept pneumo | ||
| - H. influenza | ||
| - Nisseria meningitidis | ||
| - antibodies (post-op) | ||
| - advantages (the following functions of spleen are rectified) | ||
| - platelets hide within the spleen | ||
| - plasma cells in spleen produce ((674736e2-8fe7-4418-85aa-e7de99f38eaa)) | ||
| - platelets get destroyed by splenic macrophages | ||
| - ### Lifestyle and Dietary Recommendations | ||
| - ### Follow-up | ||
| - ## Prognosis | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Expected Course | ||
| - #### With Treatment | ||
| - #### Without Treatment | ||
| - ##### Possible Complications | ||
| - ##### Long-Term Effects | ||
| - ### Survival Rates | ||
| - #### With Treatment | ||
| - #### Without Treatment | ||
| - ### Quality of Life Considerations | ||
| - ## Prevention | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Health Education | ||
| - ### Community Approach | ||
| - ### Screening Programs | ||
| - ### Lifestyle Modifications | ||
| - ## Patient Education and Support | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Educational Resources | ||
| - ### Support Groups | ||
| - ### Counseling Options | ||
| - ## Recent Research and Developments | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ### Ongoing Clinical Trials | ||
| - ### Recent Advances | ||
| - ## Key Literature | ||
| background-color:: blue | ||
| - ## Guidelines and Protocols | ||
| background-color:: blue |
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| - measures corneal diapteric power | ||
| - ((674ac59b-4be5-4ca1-80de-576c1746c654)) |
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| - `Lens is the part of posterior chamber` | ||
| - `Lens is observed through the pupil` | ||
| id:: 674ab9bb-e705-41fe-b1af-c0655be8d9a5 |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
|---|---|---|
| @@ -0,0 +1 @@ | ||
| alias:: MFT |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ | ||
| # Long Acting Mydriatics | ||
| duration:: 14-21 days | ||
| - [[Atropine 1% Sulphate]] | ||
| - ## Indication | ||
| - [[Corneal Ulcer]] | ||
| - [[Uveitis]] | ||
| - Cyclopegic retraction | ||
| - `Atropine is contraindicated in Glaucoma, but indicated in neovascular Glaucoma` | ||
| - # Intermediate Mydriatics | ||
| duration:: 7-14 days | ||
| - [[Homatropine]] | ||
| - ## Indication | ||
| - | ||
| - # Short Acting Mydriatics | ||
| duration:: 4-6 hours | ||
| - [[Tropicamide]] | ||
| - ## Indication | ||
| - ### Therapeutic | ||
| - Cataract Surgery | ||
| - ### Diagnostic | ||
| - To see the color of lens for Lens/Cataract Grading | ||
| collapsed:: true | ||
| - ((674ab9bb-e705-41fe-b1af-c0655be8d9a5)) | ||
| - For Fundoscopy |
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| @@ -1,2 +1,6 @@ | ||
| - [[Refractive Errors]] | ||
| - [[Cataract]] | ||
| - [[Chronic Dacryocystitis]] | ||
| - [[Terigium]] | ||
| - [[Kalazion]] | ||
| - [[Glaucoma]] |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| @@ -0,0 +1 @@ | ||
| alias:: ONFT |
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| alias:: OCT | ||
|
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||
| - use | ||
| - Diabetic Retinopathy | ||
| - Glaucoma |
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| - a tubular structure | ||
| - inlet and outlet being different and work in sync wirelessly | ||
| - the outlet being just a valved fan | ||
| - inlet | ||
| - electrostatic precipitator | ||
| - heat pump, both sides having radiators and water exchangers | ||
| - cold side | ||
| - hot side |
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| Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
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| @@ -0,0 +1 @@ | ||
| - [[Mydriatics]] |
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