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...-revolutionizing-blockchain-performance-with-unparalleled-speed-987d3bbb5a83.md
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| title = "FlexiDAG: Revolutionizing Blockchain Performance with Unparalleled Speed" | ||
| date = "2023-05-30" | ||
| summary = "“FlexiDAG, technically not a direct manifestation of the Nakamoto consensus, serves as an intriguing expansion that pushes the..." | ||
| author = "Starcoin" | ||
| tags = [ | ||
| "Starcoin" | ||
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| archives="2023" | ||
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| FlexiDAG, technically not a direct manifestation of the Nakamoto consensus, serves as an intriguing expansion that pushes the boundaries of this concept. It goes beyond the traditional understanding by evolving the DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) into a separate PoW-based cryptocurrency, aiming to unleash Nakamoto’s consensus potential from an external vantage point, while keeping the essence of generalization intact. | ||
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| The aforementioned DAG, in this context, represents a mathematical structure composed of directed edges, devoid of cyclic connections where a vertex, the fundamental building block of graphs, does not lead back to itself. | ||
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| Within the realm of distributed ledgers, a FlexiDAG emerges as a DAG where blocks are symbolized by vertices, and edges symbolize references from blocks to their predecessors. | ||
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| We already implemented GHOSTDAG protocol in FlexiDAG. The key is that honest blocks would exhibit strong connections to each other but not to adversarial blocks (even if adversarial blocks are well connected among themselves). Therefore, as long as an attacker possesses computational inferiority, the honest network will appear as a highly connected cluster of blocks encompassing the majority of blocks in the network. By identifying this cluster and giving precedence to its blocks, attacking the network while controlling only a minority of the block production becomes infeasible. | ||
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| A formal representation of the core algorithm of the protocol: | ||
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| 1. Given a FlexiDAG represented by G = (V, E), where V is the set of vertices (blocks) and E is the set of edges (references from blocks to their predecessors). | ||
| 2. Define the k value, which represents the number of clusters to be formed. | ||
| 3. Initialize an empty set of clusters C = {}. | ||
| 4. For each block v in V, perform the following steps: | ||
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| - Calculate the score of block v as the sum of the weights of its ancestors, denoted as score(v). | ||
| - Assign block v to the cluster with the highest score among its k nearest neighboring clusters. | ||
| - If there are fewer than k clusters, create a new cluster and assign block v to it. | ||
| - Repeat the assignment process until all blocks have been assigned to clusters. | ||
| - Compute the weights of the clusters by summing the scores of the blocks within each cluster. | ||
| - Select the cluster with the highest weight as the confirmed cluster for the consensus protocol. | ||
| - Use the blocks within the confirmed cluster as the reference set for determining the validity and precedence of transactions within the FlexiDAG. | ||
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| By implementing the k-cluster algorithm in FlexiDAG, the FlexiDAG protocol forms clusters based on block scores, allowing for efficient consensus on the precedence of blocks and transactions. The confirmed cluster serves as a reference point for maintaining the security and integrity of the ledger. | ||
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| The distinguishing feature of FlexiDAG lies in its exceptional scalability, facilitating higher throughput in terms of transactions per second (TPS) and blocks per second (BPS), while ensuring the preservation of security. Moreover, FlexiDAG introduces the capacity to validate multiple parallel blocks concurrently, further augmenting its scalability potential. | ||
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| While these advancements are implemented, FlexiDAG remains grounded in the PoW (Proof of Work) model, comprising elements such as PoW block creation, transaction fees, miner involvement, the role of full nodes, and deflationary block rewards. However, it deviates from the conventional longest-chain rule, also known as the heaviest valid chain, which is measured in terms of cumulative proof of work (difficulty). Instead, FlexiDAG embraces a novel rule that expedites consensus on the priority of parallel blocks, thus determining the validity of associated transactions. | ||
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| From the perspective of miners, the mining process remains largely consistent. Irrespective of the traditional PoW consensus, mining operations continue to be executed in parallel. If a miner becomes aware of a new block while in the mining process, they promptly abandon the ongoing block and shift their focus FlexiDAG, while technically not a Nakamoto consensus, represents a fascinating extension of it. Its development involves transforming the DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) into a distinct PoW-based blockchain, aiming to push the boundaries of Nakamoto’s consensus from an external perspective. | ||
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| This challenge is overcome by FlexiDAG, leveraging its inherent resistance to 49% hash rate attacks inherited from Nakamoto Consensus, offering the highest level of security for a consensus protocol. The achieved result is the ability to scale up without sacrificing this security property. |
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...ews/post/starcoin-2-0-sneak-peek-turbostm-early-explorers-unite-256cce0e327b.md
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| title = "Starcoin 2.0 Sneak Peek-TurboSTM.Early Explorers Unite!" | ||
| date = "2023-10-12" | ||
| summary = "“FlexiDAG, technically not a direct manifestation of the Nakamoto consensus, serves as an intriguing expansion that pushes the..." | ||
| author = "Starcoin" | ||
| tags = [ | ||
| "Starcoin" | ||
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| >  | ||
| > | ||
| > Step into the future with us as we unveil a sneak peek of Starcoin 2.0’s TurboSTM！ | ||
| > | ||
| > **You’re cordially invited to join the pioneers in our exclusive Sneak Preview, where you’ll experience the transformative power of TurboSTM firsthand. Don’t miss your chance to be at the forefront of blockchain innovation!** | ||
| > | ||
| > TurboSTM is an innovative technology developed by Starcoin, marking the commencement of the STARCOIN 2.0 phase, aimed at enhancing the execution of smart contracts on its mainnet. By introducing parallel processing, it overcomes the limitations of traditional single-threaded execution, enabling the simultaneous execution of multiple smart contracts and transactions. This advancement significantly boosts the throughput and efficiency of the entire blockchain system, especially in high-concurrency scenarios. | ||
| > | ||
| > The development of TurboSTM was initiated to tackle the bottlenecks presented by the conventional single-threaded execution of smart contracts. With the increase in complex transactions and heightened user demands, traditional methods have become insufficient. TurboSTM employs industry-standard parallelization technology and introduces innovative features like Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MVCC) and optimistic locking. These capabilities allow for the concurrent reading and updating of data records, reducing transaction execution time and enhancing overall system performance. | ||
| > | ||
| > The strengths of TurboSTM lie in its ability to lower transaction costs, increase processing capacity, and offer efficient and secure solutions for various blockchain applications, including DeFi, NFTs, and blockchain-based gaming. Upon the implementation of TurboSTM, STARCOIN 2.0 will undergo a significant performance boost, characterized by higher throughput, lower transaction latency, and enhanced security. This technology aligns with Starcoin’s vision to build a more robust blockchain ecosystem, deliver comprehensive solutions for blockchain applications, and foster digital economic growth. TurboSTM represents a crucial step towards achieving these objectives, furthering the mission to make blockchain technology more accessible and valuable. | ||
| > | ||
| > TurboSTM epitomizes a part of Starcoin’s continuous evolution, designed to meet the growing demands of users. The traditional methods of executing smart contracts are no longer sufficient to handle complex transactions and high-concurrency environments, making the emergence of TurboSTM vital. | ||
| > | ||
| > With the launch of TurboSTM, STARCOIN 2.0 will experience substantial performance enhancements, including increased throughput, reduced transaction delays, and bolstered security. **To further engage community members in the development of Starcoin, we invite you to be among the first to experience the TurboSTM preview on the Barnard network and share your valuable feedback. Your insights have the potential to earn rewards and positively influence the future of blockchain technology. Don’t miss the opportunity to participate in this blockchain revolution — explore TurboSTM today!** | ||
| > | ||
| > # Tutorial Link: | ||
| > | ||
| > https://github.com/starcoinorg/starcoin/discussions/3971 | ||
| > | ||
| > # Start Time: | ||
| > | ||
| > October 13, 2023, 9:00(UTC+8) October 12, 18:00 (PST) | ||
| > | ||
| > # End Time: | ||
| > | ||
| > October 23, 2023, 9:00(UTC+8) October 22, 18:00 (PST) | ||
| > | ||
| > # Reward Rules: | ||
| > | ||
| > 1. Within ten days of the event launch, execute transactions using TurboSTM’s multi-CPU capability. | ||
| > 2. Comment on the event’s Twitter page, leaving a screenshot of your use of TurboSTM & valuable suggestions for TurboSTM. | ||
| > 3. Submit an issue or PR on the Starcoin GitHub repository (optional). | ||
| > | ||
| > # Lottery Rules: | ||
| > | ||
| > This event will select 10 lucky participants: | ||
| > | ||
| > 1. Top 3: The first three users providing the most constructive feedback will receive mining experience rewards. | ||
| > 2. Retweet this Twitter and 7 users will be randomly selected to receive lucky NFT draw rewards. | ||
| > 3. Submit an issue or PR on the Starcoin GitHub repository (optional). | ||
| > | ||
| > # Lottery Time: | ||
| > | ||
| > Winners will be selected and rewards distributed within 5 days after the event ends. | ||
| > # About Us: | ||
| > | ||
| > - [starcoin.org](https://starcoin.org/) | ||
| > - [Github](https://github.com/starcoinorg/starcoin) | ||
| > - [StarcoinZH Community](https://t.me/StarcoinZH) | ||
| > - [StarcoinSTC](https://t.me/Starcoin_STC) |
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