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Tie these pieces together a bit.
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arokem committed Jun 19, 2024
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The importance of standards stems not only from discussions within research
fields about how research can best be conducted to take advantage of existing
and growing datasets, but also arises from interactions with other sectors. Several different kinds of cross-sector interactions can be defined as having important
impact on the development of open-source standards.
and growing datasets, but also arises from interactions with stakeholders in
other sectors. Several different kinds of cross-sector interactions can be
defined as having an important impact on the development of open-source
standards.

## Governmental policy-setting

Expand All @@ -13,8 +15,8 @@ research. For example, for research that is funded by the public, this entails
an ongoing series of policy discussions that address the interactions between
research communities and the general public. One way in which this manifests in
the United States specifically is in memos issued by the directors of the White
House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), James Holdren (in 1) and
Alondra Nelson (in 2022). While these memos focused primarily on making
House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), James Holdren (in 2013)
and Alondra Nelson (in 2022). While these memos focused primarily on making
peer-reviewed publications funded by the US Federal government available to the
general public, they also lay an increasingly detailed path toward the
publication and general availability of the data that is collected in research
Expand All @@ -37,19 +39,23 @@ agencies should prioritize AI standards efforts that are [...] Consensus-based,
[...] and [that] result in globally relevant and non-discriminatory
standards..." [@NIST2019]. The converging characteristics of standards that
arise from these reports suggest that considerable thought needs to be given to
how standards arise so that these goals are achieved.
how standards arise so that these goals are achieved. Importantly, open-source
standards seem to well-match at least some of these characteristics.

A compelling road map towards implementation and adoption of
community-developed standards is offered in a blog post authored by the Center
for Open Science's Brian Nosek, entitled "Strategy for Culture Change"
The other side of policies is the implementation of these policies in practice
by developers of open-source standards and by the communities to which the
standards pertain. A compelling road map towards implementation and adoption of
open science practices in general and open-source standards in particular is
offered in a blog post authored by the Center for Open Science's co-founder and
executive director, Brian Nosek, entitled "Strategy for Culture Change"
[@Nosek2019CultureChange]. The core idea is that affecting a turn toward open
science requires an alignment of not only incentives and values, but also
technical infrastructure and user experience. A sociotechnical bridge between
these pieces, which make adoption of standards possible, and maybe even easy,
and the policy goals, arises from a community of practice that makes adoption
of standards normative. Once all of these pieces are in place, making adoption
of open science standards required becomes more straightforward and less
onerous.
these pieces, which makes the adoption of standards possible, and maybe even
easy, and the policy goals, arises from a community of practice that makes
adoption of standards *normative*. Once all of these pieces are in place,
making adoption of open science standards *required* through policy becomes
more straightforward and less onerous.

## Funding

Expand All @@ -58,7 +64,7 @@ funded through governmental funding agencies, there are other ways in which
funding relates to the development of open-source standards. One way is in
funding the development of these standards. For example, the National
Institutes of Health have provided some of the funding for the development of
the Brain Imaging Data Structure standard in neuroscience.
the Brain Imaging Data Structure standard in neuroscience. Where large governmental funding agencies may not have



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